Design Fixation and conformity with examples
-
Upload
baskar-rethinasabapathi -
Category
Technology
-
view
64 -
download
0
Transcript of Design Fixation and conformity with examples
![Page 1: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
DESIGN FIXATIONDiscussant: Jingning Zhang
![Page 2: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Experiment Result
![Page 3: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
PROCEDURES
Design Problem
Flawed Example
Generate Designs
Control Fixation
![Page 4: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
“explicitly instructed that no straws …”
Control Fixation
Designs with straws 1% 17%
RESULTS
![Page 5: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Why the designers disobey the instructions?
Control Fixation
Designs with straws 1% 17%
![Page 6: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Why the fixation group contains obvious flaws?
Misunderstanding on instructions
Grading policy
![Page 7: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
What if they are told about the flaws in examples?
![Page 8: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SIMILARITY METRICS
Flawed FeaturesFlexibilityOriginality
Number of designs
![Page 9: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Only use 3 features?
No positive features?
Originality & flexibility only for Experiment 4?
So what do you think is the right metrics for similarity?
SIMILARITY METRICS
Flawed Features Flexibility OriginalityNumber of designs
![Page 10: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Leverage Design Fixation in Crowd-sourcing
![Page 11: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Under what task conditions is it approbate to supply examples?
Domain Familiarity Response Diversity
![Page 12: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What is the right time to present examples?
Beginning?
Halfway through?
![Page 13: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
What examples should we presents?
Amount?
Positive or negative or both?
![Page 14: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Design Fixation in Other Fields
![Page 15: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What evidence can be provided for design fixation in other design fields?
Web Design UI Design Architecture Design
![Page 16: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
What method can be taken to overcome design fixation?
Talk to other people Refer to other designs
Your own tricks?
![Page 17: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
How Examples may (and may not) constrain creativity
Discussant : Baskar Rethina-saba-pathi
![Page 18: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Benzene Ring Hypothesis
- Kekulé predicted the cyclic model 65 years before actual confirmation
![Page 19: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Benzene Ring Hypothesis
- Inspiration from a dream of a snake biting its own tail
![Page 20: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
First commercial Television – Raster Scan
- Farnsworth worked out the principle of the image dissector when he was 15
![Page 21: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
First commercial Television – Raster Scan
- Inspired from the back-and-forth motion used to plow a field
![Page 22: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Farming Electronics
Mythology Chemistry
![Page 23: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Farming Electronics
Mythology Chemistry
Software
Flagship Product
![Page 24: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Farming Electronics
Mythology Chemistry
Software Software
Flagship Product
Most criticized
![Page 25: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Would reading of prior work be considered looking at examples? Would this suggest conformity?
Example: Reading technical papers, old versions of code
![Page 26: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Why fresh works are perceived to be more creative than improvisations?
Marsh’s assessment - we fixate on some aspects while still innovating in other areas
![Page 27: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
http://youtu.be/zd-dqUuvLk4?t=7m18s
What do you need to think outside the box?
Step 0: Borrow a box ?
![Page 28: Design Fixation and conformity with examples](https://reader033.fdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022060205/55a142201a28abea278b4828/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Plagiarism impacts designs. But the paper does not say when are they good to adopt
Can we say, there exists nothing called “Absolutely Novel”?
Is everything example driven?