DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FUEL FLOW IN BEND PIPES · DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FUEL FLOW IN BEND PIPES...
Transcript of DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FUEL FLOW IN BEND PIPES · DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FUEL FLOW IN BEND PIPES...
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FUEL FLOW IN BEND PIPES
1R.Sharavanan,
2 R.J.Golden Renjith
1,2Assistant Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering,
BIST, BIHER, Bharath University, Chennai. [email protected]
Abstract: Pipe flow, a branch of Hydraulics and Fluid
Mechanics, was a type of liquid flow within a
closed conduit (conduit in the sense of a means of
containment). The other type of flow within a conduit
is open channel flow. These two types of flow were
similar in many ways, but differ in one important
respect. Pipe flow does not have a free surface which is
found in open-channel flow. Pipe flow, being confined
within closed conduit, does not exert direct atmospheric
pressure, but does exert hydraulic pressure on the
conduit.
1. Introduction
Generally any application involving pipe flow will not
only consist of flow through straight pipes. It will also
comprise of fluid flow through pipes of varying cross
sections, predominantly classified as expansion and
contraction. These in turn can be subdivided into
sudden and gradual change. The pipeline may also
consist of pipe bends of various angles and types like
mitred bends, sharp bends, filleted bends etc.[1-5]
2. Literature Review
The phenomenon of flow through pipes has been
studied and subjected to research throughout the years.
Amongst the various literatures on flow through pipes,
the recent work focuses on pressure and velocity
variations in pipe bends and variable flow areas[6-9]
A. S. Nejad and S. A. Ahmed (1992) [8] studied
the Flow field characteristics of an axisymmetric
sudden-expansion pipe flow with different initial swirl
distribution. The results of an experimental
investigation depicting the effects of swirl profile on
confined flows in a sudden-expansion coaxial dump
combustor are presented. Three swirlers (freevortex,
forced vortex, and constant angle) with the same
nominal swirl number were designed and fabricated to
study the effects of swirl type on the isothermal dump
combustor flow field. They found, upon imparting swirl
to the inlet flow resulted in a considerable reduction of
the corner recirculation length, a marked increase in
turbulent mixing activity, and in one case creation of a
central recirculation zone. Their work highlights the
importance of the combustor inlet swirl profile and shows
that swirl type as well as swirl strength can affect the flow
field significantly. The present database is well suited for
numerical codes development and validation[10-16]
Conditions For Analysis:
● Diesel has been chosen as the fluid for analysis.
Properties of diesel:
Density = 730 kg/m3
Viscosity = 0.0024 kg/m-s
● Reynolds Number has been chosen for laminar
is2000. For this Reynolds’s number the velocity of
Diesel was found to be 0.13 m/s.
● Reynolds Number has chosen for Turbulent is
5000. For this Reynolds number the velocity of
diesel was found to be 0.3287 m/s.
2.1straightpipe:
Figure 2.1
Figure 5.1 shows the pressure contour of fluid for the pipe.
This figure clearly shows the decrease in pressure with
respect to length.
International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 116 No. 15 2017, 59-65ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.ijpam.euSpecial Issue ijpam.eu
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Figure 2.2. depicts the velocity contour of straight pipe
Figure 2.3. shows the velocity vectors of straight pipe.
graph shows the velocity profile of straight pipe
5.2 Pipe With 30 Degree Fillet Bend
Figure 2.4
Figure 5.4 shows the velocity contour of fluid for the
pipe with 30 Degree Fillet Bend. This figure clearly
shows the advantages of fillet bends and the turbulence
created is a lot less when compared to prev
cases.[17-23]
depicts the velocity contour of straight pipe
shows the velocity vectors of straight pipe.
graph shows the velocity profile of straight pipe
Figure 5.4 shows the velocity contour of fluid for the
pipe with 30 Degree Fillet Bend. This figure clearly
shows the advantages of fillet bends and the turbulence
created is a lot less when compared to previous
Figure 2.5. depicts the velocity contour of straight pipe
Figure 2.6
Figure 5.6 displays the velocity vector of fluid for the pipe
with 30 Degree Fillet Bend. It can be clearly observed that
there is very less or no recirculation
bend[24-28].
Figure 2.7. shows the velocity vectors of fluid at various
sections of the pipe with 30 Degree Fillet Bend.
Figure 2.8
Figure 5.8 displays the velocity plots of fluid at various
sections of the pipe with 30 Degree
only a sight disturbance at the region of the bend which
fades out over the course of the flow.
depicts the velocity contour of straight pipe
.6
Figure 5.6 displays the velocity vector of fluid for the pipe
with 30 Degree Fillet Bend. It can be clearly observed that
there is very less or no recirculation regions in case of fillet
shows the velocity vectors of fluid at various
sections of the pipe with 30 Degree Fillet Bend.
.8
Figure 5.8 displays the velocity plots of fluid at various
sections of the pipe with 30 Degree Fillet Bend. There is
only a sight disturbance at the region of the bend which
fades out over the course of the flow.
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2.2 Pipe With 30 Degree Fillet Bend With Turbulent
Flow As Inlet
Figure 2.9
Figure 5.9 shows the velocity contour of fluid for the
pipe with 30 Degree Fillet Bend with Turbulent Flow as
inlet. The figure clearly shows the advantages of having
a Turbulent flow for fillet pipes with less angle of bend
as the flow is almost not affected at all[29-30].
Figure 2.10. depicts the pressure contour of fluid for
the pipe with 30 Degree Fillet Bend with Turbulent
Flow as inlet.
Figure 2.11
Figure 5.11 shows the velocity vectors of fluid at
various sections of the pipe with 30 Degree Fillet Bend
with Turbulent Flow as inlet.
Figure 2.12
Figure 5.12 shows the velocity vectors of fluid in a pipe
after the30 Degree Fillet Bend with Turbulent Flow as
inlet.
Figure 2.13
Figure 5.13 displays the velocity plots of fluid at various
sections of the pipe with 30 Degree Fillet Bend with
Turbulent Flow as inlet. The boundary layer is almost
unaffected.
2.3 Pipe With 60 Degree Fillet Bend :
Figure 2.14
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Figure 5.14 shows the velocity contour of fluid for the
pipe with 60 Degree Fillet Bend. The fillet bend
prevents the formation of turbulence in fluid flow when
compared to sharp bends.
Figure 2.15. depicts the pressure contour of fluid for
the pipe with 60 Degree Fillet Bend.
Figure 2.16. displays the velocity vector of fluid for the
pipe with 60 Degree Fillet Bend
Figure 2.16. shows the velocity vectors of fluid at
various sections of the pipe with 60 Degree Fillet Bend
Figure 2.17. displays the velocity plots of fluid at various
sections of the pipe with 60 Degree Fillet Bend.
2.4 Pipe With 60 Degree Fillet Bend With Turbulent
Flow As Inlet
Figure 2.18
Figure 5.18 shows the velocity contour of fluid for the pipe
with 60 Degree Fillet Bend with Turbulent Flow as inlet.
From this figure it can be clearly concluded that fillet
bends are better than sharp bends and that Turbulent flow
must always be attained before the bend if the fluid flow
needs to be unaffected by the bend .
Figure 2.19
Figure 5.19 depicts the pressure contour of fluid for the
pipe with 60 Degree Fillet Bend with Turbulent Flow as
inlet.
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Figure 2.20
Figure 5.20 displays the velocity vector of fluid for the
pipe with 60 Degree Fillet Bend with Turbulent Flow as
inlet.
Figure 2.21
Figure 5.21 shows the velocity vectors of fluid at
various sections of the pipe with 60 Degree Fillet Bend
with Turbulent Flow as inlet.
Figure 2.22
Figure 5.22 displays the velocity plots of fluid at
various sections of the pipe with 60 Degree Fillet Bend
with Turbulent Flow as inlet. There is just a slight
disturbance at the bend which is insignificant since the
flow attains stability further downstream.
3. Conclusion
The analysis of a pipe flow with various pipe
configurations was done using ANSYS Fluent 15.0 and the
results were obtained. The results clearly show the
following,
● In case of sudden contraction in pipes, there is
abrupt rise in fluid velocity at the region of
contraction which is termed Vena Contracta. It is
formed due to the convergence of flow as shown
by the vector plot.
● In case of sudden expansion in pipes, there is a
drop in velocity after a certain distance from the
region of expansion which is basically determined
by the velocity of fluid flow which in our case is
0.73 m/s. The fluid slowly starts to stabilize, but it
can be properly visualized only if the length of the
pipe is longer than the configuration that has been
used. Negative pressure is formed at the region of
recirculation, and the phenomena can more clearly
be explained by using a finer mesh.
● In case of 30 degree bends, the pressure losses
were more at the region of sharp bends than the
filleted bends. The Turbulent flow was found to be
more stable than the flow with constant velocity at
inlet.
● The results found in 60 degree and 90 degree
bends with configurations
(Fillet and constant velocity at inlet & Turbulent
flow at inlet), were found to be similar as in the
case of 30 degree configuration. The only
significant difference found was that the rise in
velocity was proportional to the angle of bend (i.e.
the larger the angle of bend, the greater the rise in
velocity at the point of bend)
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