Design a hydroelectric system that will provide power for the homes and school house in the...
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Design a hydroelectric system that will provide power for Design a hydroelectric system that will provide power for the homes and school house in the community of El Dulce the homes and school house in the community of El Dulce in Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic in Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic Hydroelectric Basics Hydroelectric Basics Determine Power Determine Power Needed and System Needed and System Target Values Target Values Site Location and Site Location and Feasibility Study Feasibility Study State of the Art State of the Art Review Review Concept Concept Generation Generation Assessment Trip Assessment Trip and Design and Design Revision Revision Concept Screening Concept Screening and Scoring and Scoring Preliminary Preliminary Design Selection Design Selection Technical Technical Analysis Analysis Final Design Final Design Technical Analysis Technical Analysis Project Project Introduction Introduction Special Thanks to… Special Thanks to… Obra Social Salesiana and the Community of El Dulce Obra Social Salesiana and the Community of El Dulce Alberto Sanchez of the PPS Alberto Sanchez of the PPS Stevens Mechanical and Civil Engineering Departments Stevens Mechanical and Civil Engineering Departments And all of the Stevens faculty who have helped make this project And all of the Stevens faculty who have helped make this project a reality. a reality. Design Process Design Process System System Simulation Simulation Laboratory Model Laboratory Model Penstock Penstock • 4” Diameter 4” Diameter • PVC Pipe PVC Pipe • Wall Roughness Factor .000005 ft Wall Roughness Factor .000005 ft • Approximately 1800 ft Approximately 1800 ft Turbine-Generator Unit Turbine-Generator Unit Synchronous Generator Number of Nozzles = Four Turbine Type – Pelton Efficiency generator = 85% Efficiency turbine = 85% Pitch circle diameter [mm] = 250 Jet diameter [mm] = 20 Tailrace Tailrace • Riprap Lined Riprap Lined Channel Channel • Shear Stress Shear Stress Analysis Analysis • Standards for Soil Standards for Soil Erosion and Erosion and Sediment Control Sediment Control • Design Flow Rate: Design Flow Rate: 1.0cfs 1.0cfs • Channel Length: 200’ Channel Length: 200’ • Channel Slope: 1% Channel Slope: 1% • Channel Side Slope: Channel Side Slope: 2:1 2:1 • Mean Stone Size = 1.0” Mean Stone Size = 1.0” View of El Dulce From Intake Location Community Members Demonstrate Existing Light Sources Project Team Poses With Community Members at the Intake Location Hiking to Intake Location Investigating Existing System Design The basic principle of hydropower is that if The basic principle of hydropower is that if water can be conveyed from one elevation to a water can be conveyed from one elevation to a lower elevation, the resulting water pressure lower elevation, the resulting water pressure can be used to do work. If the water can be used to do work. If the water pressure is allowed to move a mechanical pressure is allowed to move a mechanical component then that movement involves the component then that movement involves the conversion of the potential energy of the conversion of the potential energy of the water into mechanical energy. Hydroelectric water into mechanical energy. Hydroelectric turbines convert the water pressure into turbines convert the water pressure into mechanical shaft power which is then mechanical shaft power which is then converted into electricity by a generator. converted into electricity by a generator. Designed responsibly, hydroelectricity is a Designed responsibly, hydroelectricity is a clean, environmentally friendly, and clean, environmentally friendly, and renewable source of electricity. It is also renewable source of electricity. It is also one of the most cost effective sources. one of the most cost effective sources. The community of El Dulce lies deep within the rural The community of El Dulce lies deep within the rural mountains of Jarabacoa in the Dominican Republic. The mountains of Jarabacoa in the Dominican Republic. The locals are for the most part farmers living off the land locals are for the most part farmers living off the land and selling what they can. The community members can not and selling what they can. The community members can not pay enough for power to make connecting them to the grid pay enough for power to make connecting them to the grid profitable for the government or private companies, and profitable for the government or private companies, and so they have never had any source of electricity so they have never had any source of electricity available to them, until now. available to them, until now. PM FM FM The model hydroelectric system was designed for use by future Stevens students. The students will run the system in a lab exercise to understand the principles and characteristics of hydroelectric power as well as to analyze the characteristics of the systems such as head, flow rate, head losses, and efficiency. Inputs Inputs Velocity Function Velocity Function Variable Matrix Variable Matrix 8 5 2 Iron 7 4 1 Concrete 9 6 3 PVC 8" 6" 4" The test variables A-I can be changed within The test variables A-I can be changed within the program to yield different results. the program to yield different results. + Moody Moody Function Function Pipe Type vs. Efficiency Pipe Type vs. Cost Output Graphs Output Graphs El Dulce, Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic El Dulce, Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic System Design System Design Mission Statement Mission Statement SENIOR DESIGN TEAM: SENIOR DESIGN TEAM: Greg Maietta Greg Maietta (Civil Engineering) (Civil Engineering) Nick Strand Nick Strand (Mechanical Engineering) (Mechanical Engineering) David Velasco David Velasco (Mechanical Engineering) (Mechanical Engineering) Katie Weatherall Katie Weatherall (Business and Technology) (Business and Technology) Chloe Weck Chloe Weck (Mechanical Engineering) (Mechanical Engineering) ADVISORS: ADVISORS: Professors Frank Fisher, Siva Thangam, Leslie Brunell Professors Frank Fisher, Siva Thangam, Leslie Brunell Intake System Intake System • Stepped Channel: Stepped Channel: Conveys the water source Conveys the water source to the stilling basin. A supercritical- to the stilling basin. A supercritical- flow contraction and the downward steps flow contraction and the downward steps serve as energy dissipaters. serve as energy dissipaters. • Settling Basin: Settling Basin: Allows larger debris such Allows larger debris such as stones and leaves to settle to the as stones and leaves to settle to the bottom of the basin. bottom of the basin. • Self Cleaning Filter: Self Cleaning Filter: The filter is set at The filter is set at an angle that allows it to capture a an angle that allows it to capture a certain percentage of the water flowing certain percentage of the water flowing over it. over it. System Location System Location
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Transcript of Design a hydroelectric system that will provide power for the homes and school house in the...
Design a hydroelectric system that will provide power for Design a hydroelectric system that will provide power for the homes and school house in the community of El Dulce the homes and school house in the community of El Dulce
in Jarabacoa, Dominican Republicin Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic
Hydroelectric BasicsHydroelectric Basics
Determine Power Determine Power Needed and System Needed and System
Target ValuesTarget Values
Site Location and Site Location and Feasibility StudyFeasibility Study
State of the Art State of the Art ReviewReview
Concept GenerationConcept Generation
Assessment Trip and Assessment Trip and Design RevisionDesign Revision
Concept Screening Concept Screening and Scoringand Scoring
Preliminary Design Preliminary Design SelectionSelection
Technical AnalysisTechnical Analysis Final Design Final Design
Technical AnalysisTechnical Analysis
Project Project IntroductionIntroduction
Special Thanks to…Special Thanks to…Obra Social Salesiana and the Community of El DulceObra Social Salesiana and the Community of El DulceAlberto Sanchez of the PPSAlberto Sanchez of the PPSStevens Mechanical and Civil Engineering DepartmentsStevens Mechanical and Civil Engineering DepartmentsAnd all of the Stevens faculty who have helped make this project And all of the Stevens faculty who have helped make this project
a reality.a reality.
Design ProcessDesign Process
System System SimulationSimulation
Laboratory Laboratory ModelModel
PenstockPenstock• 4” Diameter4” Diameter• PVC PipePVC Pipe• Wall Roughness Factor .000005 ftWall Roughness Factor .000005 ft• Approximately 1800 ft Approximately 1800 ft
Turbine-Generator UnitTurbine-Generator Unit
Synchronous Generator
Number of Nozzles = Four
Turbine Type – Pelton
Efficiency generator = 85%
Efficiency turbine = 85%
Pitch circle diameter [mm] = 250
Jet diameter [mm] = 20
TailraceTailrace•Riprap Lined ChannelRiprap Lined Channel
•Shear Stress AnalysisShear Stress Analysis
•Standards for Soil Erosion Standards for Soil Erosion and Sediment Controland Sediment Control
•Design Flow Rate: 1.0cfsDesign Flow Rate: 1.0cfs•Channel Length: 200’Channel Length: 200’•Channel Slope: 1%Channel Slope: 1%•Channel Side Slope: 2:1Channel Side Slope: 2:1•Mean Stone Size = 1.0”Mean Stone Size = 1.0”
View of El Dulce From Intake Location
Community Members Demonstrate Existing Light Sources
Project Team Poses With Community Members at the Intake Location
Hiking to Intake Location
Investigating Existing System Design
The basic principle of hydropower is that if water can be The basic principle of hydropower is that if water can be conveyed from one elevation to a lower elevation, the conveyed from one elevation to a lower elevation, the
resulting water pressure can be used to do work. If the resulting water pressure can be used to do work. If the water pressure is allowed to move a mechanical water pressure is allowed to move a mechanical
component then that movement involves the conversion component then that movement involves the conversion of the potential energy of the water into mechanical of the potential energy of the water into mechanical
energy. Hydroelectric turbines convert the water energy. Hydroelectric turbines convert the water pressure into mechanical shaft power which is then pressure into mechanical shaft power which is then converted into electricity by a generator. Designed converted into electricity by a generator. Designed
responsibly, hydroelectricity is a clean, environmentally responsibly, hydroelectricity is a clean, environmentally friendly, and renewable source of electricity. It is also friendly, and renewable source of electricity. It is also
one of the most cost effective sources. one of the most cost effective sources.
The community of El Dulce lies deep within the rural mountains of Jarabacoa The community of El Dulce lies deep within the rural mountains of Jarabacoa in the Dominican Republic. The locals are for the most part farmers living off in the Dominican Republic. The locals are for the most part farmers living off
the land and selling what they can. The community members can not pay the land and selling what they can. The community members can not pay enough for power to make connecting them to the grid profitable for the enough for power to make connecting them to the grid profitable for the
government or private companies, and so they have never had any source of government or private companies, and so they have never had any source of electricity available to them, until now.electricity available to them, until now.
PM
FM
FM
The model hydroelectric system was designed for
use by future Stevens students. The students will
run the system in a lab exercise to understand the
principles and characteristics of
hydroelectric power as well as to analyze the
characteristics of the systems such as head, flow
rate, head losses, and efficiency.
InputsInputs
Velocity FunctionVelocity Function
Variable MatrixVariable Matrix
852Iron
741Concrete
963PVC
8"6"4"
The test variables A-I can be changed within The test variables A-I can be changed within the program to yield different results.the program to yield different results.
+
MoodyMoody FunctionFunction
Pipe Type vs. Efficiency Pipe Type vs. Cost
Output GraphsOutput Graphs
El Dulce, Jarabacoa, Dominican RepublicEl Dulce, Jarabacoa, Dominican Republic
System DesignSystem Design
Mission StatementMission Statement
SENIOR DESIGN TEAM:SENIOR DESIGN TEAM:Greg Maietta Greg Maietta (Civil Engineering)(Civil Engineering)
Nick Strand Nick Strand (Mechanical Engineering)(Mechanical Engineering)
David Velasco David Velasco (Mechanical Engineering)(Mechanical Engineering)
Katie Weatherall Katie Weatherall (Business and Technology) (Business and Technology)
Chloe Weck Chloe Weck (Mechanical Engineering)(Mechanical Engineering)
ADVISORS: ADVISORS: Professors Frank Fisher, Siva Thangam, Leslie BrunellProfessors Frank Fisher, Siva Thangam, Leslie Brunell
Intake SystemIntake System•Stepped Channel:Stepped Channel: Conveys the water source to the stilling Conveys the water source to the stilling basin. A supercritical-flow contraction and the downward steps basin. A supercritical-flow contraction and the downward steps serve as energy dissipaters.serve as energy dissipaters.•Settling Basin:Settling Basin: Allows larger debris such as stones and leaves Allows larger debris such as stones and leaves to settle to the bottom of the basin. to settle to the bottom of the basin. •Self Cleaning Filter:Self Cleaning Filter: The filter is set at an angle that allows it The filter is set at an angle that allows it to capture a certain percentage of the water flowing over it. to capture a certain percentage of the water flowing over it.
System LocationSystem Location
