Descriptive Review of Crime and Criminal Tracking Network CCTNS
Transcript of Descriptive Review of Crime and Criminal Tracking Network CCTNS
Descriptive review of Crime and Criminal
tracking network system (CCTNS)
Siddharth Shankar (08BM8045)&
Anand Saurabh (08BM8047)
Abstract:
The paper aims to introduce to the reader the
new data warehousing system that is being set
up by the ministry of home affairs (MHA)
namely: Crime and criminal tracking network
and system (CCTNS).The paper describes
current Indian police system. It looks at various
IT based application being used at police
organisation across India. The paper gives
module wise descriptive analysis of CCTNS.
CCTNS aims at creating an integrated system for
enhancing effectiveness of policing by the
adoption of principle of e-Governance. It will
create nationwide networking infrastructure for
IT enabled tracking system for investigation and
detection of crime and criminals.
Introduction:
The current governance of the Indian police
force is based on the Police Act of 1861. The
structure in the police force is strictly
hierarchical. Decision making in Indian police
system is mainly centralized with high rank
officers. The police come under a State subject
as per the constitution. The main
responsibilities of police force in India is 1)
maintaining routine law and order 2) controlling
riot 3) investigating crime 4) protecting assets of
state and people 5) VIP protection and 6) Traffic
control. [13]
Currently Indian police does not have any
advanced data-warehousing capabilities. Use of
information technology in processing and day to
day activities at police head-quarters is not
optimal. Some state police is having good
official website but they provide limited
functions. For example, Mumbai police has an
official web site www.mumbaipolice.org.
Information about all applications for issue of
various licenses, passport, verification, missing
items and persons , information about traffic
related issues, passport status information,
daily arrested persons and crime press,
important event and notices, weather updates
and know your law etc are available. Similarly
Delhi police website also contains information
regarding crime control, Safety Tips, missing
personal etc.[14]
Figure: Delhi police website: showing various
modules [15]
There are some IT based application developed
by various police organisation and state police.
Appendix-1 gives detail of various application
developed by National Crime and Record
Bureau (NCRB). [16]
Similar applications are also has been
developed and being used by many state police.
In short, there is lot of scope of improvement in
adoption of Information technologies based
solution to improve the efficiency and
effectiveness of Indian police system.
Under the National e-Governance Plan of Govt.
of India various project has been started. Crime
and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems
(CCTNS) is one of them. As per National Crime
record Bureau (NCRB), this project aims at “
Creating a comprehensive and integrated
system for enhancing the efficiency and
effectiveness of policing through adopting of
principle of e-Governance and creation of a
nationwide networking infrastructure for
evolution of IT-enabled-state-of-the-art tracking
system around 'Investigation of crime and
detection of criminals”[1]
Approximately 14,000 Police Stations
throughout the country has been proposed to
be automated under the CCTNS Project by
2012.
Following are the objectives of CCTNS as per
NCRB official site. [1]
1. Make the functioning of police more
transparent and citizen friendly.
2. Improve delivery of various services by
effective usage of ICT.
3. Provide tools, technology and information to
help investigation of crime and detection of
criminals.
4. Improve functioning of Law and Order, Traffic
Management.
5. Facilitate sharing of Information among all
Police Agencies.
6. Provide assistance to senior Police Officers in
doing better management of Police Force.
7. Monitor the progress of various police
activities and court cases.
8. Reduce manual Records keeping at various
police agencies.
Literature Survey:
CCTNS is currently under implementation phase
and expected to be completed by 2012. The
NCRB (National Crime and Records Bureau) site
provides with introduction and objective of
CCTNS. It gives a detailed timeline of initiation
and progress of CCTNS. NCRB also gives various
links to tenders, Expression of interests,
guidelines and specification documents. [1]
The Functional Requirement Specifications (FRS)
documents contain details about the modules
of CCTNS. The various modules include the
following: registration module, Investigation
module, Prosecution module, search module,
citizen interface module, Navigation module
and configuration module.
The registration module deals with registration
of the complaint by the citizens, logging and
generation of unique ID for every complaint,
assigning of personnel for a specific complaint
and tracking the complaint to closure.
The investigation module is where the details
of the crime details, chance finger prints and
investigation details are captured. The arrest
details are also captured using this module.
The prosecution module is designed to act as a
conduit of police department with the judicial
system. This module helps the user track the
status of cases currently in progress in the
courts.
The search module enables the police to
retrieve/update information about the cases.
The information based on crime, accused
details etc can be obtained through simple
querying.
The configuration module comprises of
functionalities required for the administration
to help maintain the system on day to day basis.
The configuration module helps in
providing data and functionalities to police staff
as per their roles.
The navigation Module describes the interface
the system provides to the staff once they log
into the system. It also provides various options
present to each one of them.
Finally the Citizen Interface Module provides a
point of contact for the interaction between
citizens and police. It increases the efficiency
and cuts the red tape for day to day need of
citizens interacting with police.
The capacity building guideline document
provides states with framework on which the
states could plan their basic activities. It also
provides guideline for initiatives for which
funding would be made available in during
FY09-10.The objective is to empower the direct
users and other stakeholders to use it best
possible manner leading to effectiveness of
entire system.
Above all, national news channels and ministry
of home affairs are providing updates on CCTNS
on regular basis. Cabinet Committee on
Economic Affairs (CCEA) has approved the
project and an allocation of Rs. 2000 corers has
been made and Expression of Interest (EOS) has
been invited from various the Software
developers. [1]
Descriptive Analysis of Modules
Following are the modules of CCTNS. :-
1. Registration Module
2. Investigation Module
3. Prosecution Module
4. Search Module
5. Citizen interface Module
6. Navigation Module
7. Configuration Module
We will be discussing them one by one.
Registration Module:
The registration module consists of the login
page, General Service petition, prepare
response, property information, register
complaint, complete registration and close
complaint.
The login page can be accessed by people from
multiple roles from the police force like SHO, IO,
DO, SW (Station writer), CC (Court constable)
and DEO (Data entry operator). Based on the
role of the person logging in, the access is
restricted to the relevant pages.
The general service petition page is used to
enter data when citizen reaches a police station
to file a request. When the details of the
request are entered into the system by police
personnel with requisite access a unique
number is generated for the petition.
When a request is filed in the system a response
has to be generated for it. Whenever general
petitions are filed by the citizens the required
response is generated by sending generation of
reports like no object certificates and then the
request is sent to relevant authorities whose
response is required.
Property information page enables the police
capture data on Unclaimed/Abandoned
property. The data which are captured are
Number of the property, details, acts, section
code, seizure place, date/time, witness details
and other information. The page allows the user
to capture details about property type,
automobiles and human parts (like kidneys
eyes). The system also tries to associate the
missing property with a case and tries to solve
the case. There is also an option to search by
various parameters.
Register complaint page helps the police to
capture information when the citizens (or police
themselves) come to them regarding incidents
like theft, robbery, murder or other disputes.
The user assigns data related to section and
acts. The information like occurrence place,
reported place, registration place, duty officer
and investigation officer are entered manually.
The information about the witness, victim and
the accused are also captured here. The system
captures other case specific details.
The complete registration page enables the
user to create FIR (First information reports),
zero FIR, NCR (Non cognizable reports),
complaint report and final report of juvenile
crime. The system helps in exporting the
reports into pdf formats for easy
comprehension.
The close complaint page enables the user to
close cases which do not go to investigation
stage. Here the final report is generated
immediately after complaint is registered and
the case is closed.
Prosecution Module:
The prosecution module consists of submit trial
date, split case, alert senior officers and order
reinvestigation. The prosecution module acts as
conduit between the police and the courts
where the case is happening.
The submit trial date update capture the data
on the activities on the trial day. The details
about the activities that happened in the court
are updated. Some of the information are the
number of witnesses who appeared, number
who did not etc. The data on next trial date is
also captured. Some of the data include the
next trial date, collect evidence, alert witness,
summons and warrants to be executed, bail
petition, to appeal or not etc.
Split case page enable the user to split cases
logically when accused have not been
apprehended or the case is happening in
different courts. When a particular accused is
not apprehending while the rest of them have
been, then the system enables a user to create
a new FIR for the person not apprehended. This
enables the police to prosecute the people who
have been caught.
Alert and MIS for senior officers are to inform
the senior police officials about the cases that
are getting prosecuted in the courts. Usually the
alerts are for cases which are grave in nature
and have to be informed. The alert is sounded
when the senior police official logs into his
system.
Order for reinvestigation comes into effect
when the courts order the same. The user
enters the data like name of court, court order
detail, court order date, court order receive
date and investigating officer details. The
system then informs the investigating officer
when he logs into the system.
Citizen Interface module:
The citizen interface module acts as an interface
between the citizens and police. It also helps in
increasing the efficiency by cutting the red tape
involved. The module consists of Register
complaints and receives acknowledgement,
conduct a query, apply/ seek status of NOC and
provide feedback to the police.
The register complaint helps in registering non
emergency complaints and also gets an
acknowledgement of the same. The citizens can
also view status of the complaint and get copies
of the case documents.
The query page helps the citizens get
information from the system based on a
number of parameters. The citizens can get
data on missing persons, status of a case, stolen
property, abandoned property, crime profile of
an area, most wanted persons in an area and
information on police station trends.
The module also enables the citizens to apply
for no clearance certificates (NOC) and also
seek status for the same.
Finally the feedback page enables citizens to
give general information to the police, register
complaints against the police and also allows
citizens to contribute intelligence information
anonymously.
Search Module:
The search module enables the user to retrieve
information about cases that can be reviewed
and updated. The search module has quick
search and advanced search features. There is
also an option to save and retrieve queries.
In the quick search page, the user enters data
like FIR number, Date range, Beat area, interval
and type of case. The search gives the results
page with the option of exporting the results to
PDF or excel.
In the advanced search option the user will be
able to retrieve information based on type of
crime, accused details, property details, victim
details and modus operandi. All the options
have the feature of viewing the results either by
suspects or by cases.
Navigation Module:
The navigation module consists of the
functionalities which are available to each user
based on their role in the police force. The roles
which have been defined are IO, SHO, duty
officer (DO), station writer (SW), court
constable (CC), SSP and senior officer.
When an IO and SHO logs into the system, he
can access information related to list of cases.
Also he can view information on cases under
investigation and trial; administration related
work, calendar, and court related work.
A duty officer is responsible for entering details
about a complaint. When a duty officer logs in
to the systems he is taken to the registration
page where details like registration date, IO
name, IO code, case type, act, local act, section,
date, time, place of occurrence, direct and
distance from police station can be entered by
the duty officer.
Station writer is responsible for report writing
and data related to cases. When a station writer
logs into the system, he lands in the page with
following tabs namely: FIR number, Select area,
category, date range and
yearly/monthly/weekly. The station writer can
generate reports containing data on pending
arrests, registered cases, charge sheet, court
disposal and summons.
The court constable is responsible for duties
related to court work. When he logs into the
system he can view the court appointment
schedule tab which contains data related to
court, date of trial, FIR number, activity, and
case description. He can also view the report
summary for the categories like charge sheets,
court disposal, warrants and summons.
The SSP and senior officer can view the tasks
which are pending and status of various tasks.
He can view data related to open, closed,
reopened, and disposed cases. The senior
officer will also be able to generate reports on
various types like general service requests,
summons, warrants, registered cases and
charge sheets.
Investigation Module:
The investigation module consists of capabilities
to capture information related to crime
including crime details, chance finger print
details and investigation details. It also helps in
preparing arrest report and remand report.
In the crime details form information that are
gathered at the crime scene are entered into
the system. The information that are captured
include date, motive, victim, accused if exists,
witnesses, place of occurrence and possible
suspect gangs.
In the finger print page, the FP experts send the
reports to the police station after analysing the
crime scene. The data in the reports are
entered into the system. The date of capture,
captured by and the scanned copy of the finger
print which can be enlarged are entered into
the system.
As the investigation proceeds and more
information come into light these have to be
entered into the system. This is done through
the investigation page where new information
on witness, accused, victim, property and
motive can be updated. The user can also view
the current status of the case with options like
details collected, evidence collected, charge
sheet created and arrests made.
The module also helps the police force in
preparing the arrest report, remand
report/judicial custody report and property
seizure form. The module helps in interacting
with external agencies like forensic science lab
(FSL), finger print bureau (FPB), RTO in case of
accidents, Post mortem, hospitals, medico legal
case (MLC), excise officer and hospitals. The
module helps in preparing request forms for
each of these parties as required by the case.
The module also helps in entering the data into
the system based on the reports from the
external agencies like FSL, FPB, RTO, excise
officer, RTO, MLC and hospitals. The
information is entered into the system for each
of these categories by the user.
The module helps in preparing inquest report
and the final charge sheet for a particular case.
The module has capabilities of alerting the
senior officer and SSP with regards to the status
of the case. The case can be transferred to
another station if it does not come under its
jurisdiction. The module also helps in
maintaining checklist and alerts to finish tasks
before stipulated time.
Configuration Module:
The configuration module helps the
administration in maintaining the system on a
daily basis. The module consists of
configuration of acts/sections, additional data
elements to state acts/sections, MO/Property
type/castes/tribes Police organization,
court/FSB/FSL, templates, case specific service
levels and users.
In the configuration of acts/sections the user
can update the system with addition of new
acts and sections. The user can also delete old
acts and sections. The user should update the
act number and section number in the relevant
sections. The module also has flexibility to
update the sections based on local need which
come from individual police stations.
The user will be able to add/delete new
MO/castes/tribes/property type as per the
needs of the situation. The user enters the data
manually. The module helps in changing the
police organization structure by adding new
districts and beats. These changes take place at
the instance of local authorities. The user is able
to view/change the roles associated with a
police station using this module.
The user information can be configured by
adding a user, changing the role of a user and
resetting the password. Other information like
name, ID, role, date of enlistment, caste and
educational qualification can also be entered.
Finally the module also provides capabilities to
configure the court/FSL/FBP and templates
according the needs of the police force.
Conclusion
The current Indian police system is hierarchal
and mostly centralised and the use of Data-
warehousing and Information Technology is
limited. Police comes under the state
administration and every state have some
record keeping applications. There is an obvious
need for nationwide centralised record keeping
system using latest Information technology.
CCTNS aims at creating an integrated system for
enhancing effectiveness of policing by the
adoption of principle of e-Governance.[1] It will
create nationwide networking infrastructure for
IT enabled tracking system for investigation and
detection of crime and criminals. The
Government of India is taking CCTNS project
seriously. It has been aimed to be completed by
2012. Already an allocation of Rs. 2000 crores
has been made for CCTNS Project.
References
Link to various sites and document used in
paper are
1. http://ncrb.nic.in/CCTNS.htm
2. http://igovernment.in/site/India-to- apply-IT-enabled-US-model-security-system/
3. www.tnpolice.gov.in/pdfs/ cctns _2409.pdf
4. http://www.egovonline.net/articles- list/47/8113-cctnsconnecting-police.html
5. www.chandigarhpolice.nic.in/ TENDER/ CCTNS /Tender %20index.pdf
6. http://netindian.in/news/ 2010/03/11/0005718/chidambaram-calls-completion-cctns-2012
7. http://igovernment.in/site/wb-gearing- cctns-roll-out-37036
8. http://www.24dunia.com/english- news/shownews/0/CCTNS-project-to-enhance-crime-investigation-Chidambaram/5764664.html
9. http://e-pao.net/GP.asp? src=1..230310.mar10
10. http://www.neytri.com/tcs-infy-wipro- ibm-to-bid-for-rs-2000-cr-online-fir-project/
11. http://www.currentitmarket.net/ 2009/09/indian-it-firms-queue-up-for-criminal.html
12. http://www.mynews.in/ Chidambaram_calls_for_Completing_C
CTNS_Project_on_Schedule_N40419.html
13. www.votemumbai.org/ police reforms/.../The%20 Indian %20 Police %20 System -%20A %20Summary.pdf
14. http://www.mumbaipolice.org/
15. http://www.delhipolice.nic.in/
16. http://ncrb.nic.in/itresourcecentre.htm
APPENDIX-1
SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS DEVELOPED BY POLICE ORGANISATIONS / AGENCIES [16]
Org. ORGANISATION
SOFTWARE SCOPE ENVIRONMENT
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
CRIME IN INDIA CRIME IN INDIA, DATA ENTRY, VALIDATION, & TABLE GENERATION
WINDOWS/ACCESS
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
MOTOR VEHICLE COORDINATION SYSTEM (MVCS)
- WINDOWS/ACCESS/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
FORENSIC SCIENCE LABORATORY SYSTEM (FSL)
- WINDOWS/ACCESS/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
JAIL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (JMS)
- WINDOWS/ACCESS/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
PROSECUTION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
- WINDOWS/ACCESS/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
TALASH SYSTEM
- WINDOWS/SQL/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
POLICE STATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
- WINDOWS/ACCESS/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
CULTURAL PROPERTY SYSTEM
- WINDOWS/ACCESS
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
ACR TRACKING SYSTEM
- WINDOWS/ACCESS
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
PAYROLL SYSTEM
- WINDOWS/ACCESS
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
TRAINING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
- WINDOWS/ACCESS
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
INVENTORY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
- WINDOWS/ACCESS/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
PERSONNEL INFORMATION SYSTEM
- WINDOWS/ACCESS/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
FIRE ARMS COORDINATION SYSTEM (FACS)
- WINDOWS/ACCESS/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
DOSSIER SYSTEM FOR MP POLICE
- WINDOWS/ACCESS/VISUAL BASIC
NCRB NATIONAL CRIME RECORDS BUREAU
PRISON STATISTICS SYSTEM
PRISON STATISTICS OF INDIA, DATA ENTRY, VALIDATION & REPORTS
WINDOWS/ACCESS/CLIPPER