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Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje - SENA. Reservados todos los derechos 2013.

B1 Level 1STATING THE QUESTION

Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje - SENA. Reservados todos los derechos 2013.2/12

These are the topics for this material:

Review question structures

Verbs to express knowledge

Emotional or rhetorical questions intonation

Lets jump into it!

Start - Up

Start - Up

Hello, apprentices! How are you doing today? As you can see, we have learned how to use research tools and we had a glance at a glossary of terms that will come in handy when we start writing our proposal. But today, we need to state our guiding question so we can start our project.


Warm Up

Warm Up

Anthony: What should I do?

Stacy: Hi, Anthony! Whats the matter? You look so pensive.

Anthony: Hi, Stacey! I was thinking about a good guiding question for our project. I was wondering if you could help me write the question.

Stacy: Sure, no problem!

Stacy: First, tell me when the deadline to hand in the project is.

Anthony: Well, according to the schedule, we have to send our proposal by the end of next month.

Stacy: Ok, that means we dont have much time, so, we need a clear and specific guiding question. That way, we can comply with the deadline, as well as with the objectives of the project.

Anthony: You are right! I think recycling is a broad topic; we need to narrow it down more.

Stacy: Hmm what about if, instead of researching about recycling in general, we narrow it down only to recycling paper?

Anthony: That sounds good!

Stacy: But, wait. It is still too broad. Lets think on the purpose of this project, maybe that way we can come up with a very specific question. What do you want to achieve by doing this project?

Anthony: Well I use a lot of paper, and I am sure other people do it too. For example, look at all that garbage on the park! Who would do such a horrible thing? Someone threw all this paper and Im sure most of it wont be recycled.

Stacy: You should take that pile of paper with you so we can recycle it, maybe thatll help us with our project.

Anthony: But I dont know what to do with the used paper in order to recycle it.

Stacy: Thats it! Lets research about how we can recycle paper at home! Its perfect. Its not too broad, its very specific, we can do it at home and, most importantly, we are going to learn how to do it!

Anthony: It isnt expensive, is it?

Stacy: Not at all, its really cheap and it will help us save natural resources.

Anthony :That is great! Then, maybe our guiding question could be: How can we recycle paper at home?


Warm Up

Lets get inside

Stacy: research question is a clear, focused, and concise question in which you center your research or project. At the end of the project, you should be able to answer your research question.

Lets get inside

Stacy: Thats a good question, are you ready to start with our project?

Anthony :Absolutely! Lets go!

As you know, writing a clear and focused guiding question is the key to develop a project successfully. Here, I am going to give you some steps that will help you write a good guiding question.

Lets start!


Lets get inside

Choose a general topic.

When thinking about the question of your project, you should choose a broad topic you genuinely would like to know more about. An example of a general topic might be global warming or recycling.

Do some preliminary research on your general topic.

Do a few quick searches about the topic you chose in current periodicals and journals. This will help you to check what has already been done and said, as well as to narrow the focus of your research (George Mason University, 2009).

Narrow your topic to a more specific one.

Think about the time you have to develop your project, the resources you have available. Additionally, consider what specific part of the general topic called your attention the most.

For exampleBroad Topic: Global warming

Specific Topic: The effects of global warming in the artic iced area.

Start asking questions

After deciding on your specific topic, start asking yourself questions like Why is this topic important?, How can I or other people benefit if I research about this topic?

This will help you come up with a research question you can implement at home or in your particular context, and also, justify why you need to research about that topic in particular.

Make a list of possible guiding questions.

Generate a list of potential questions that are clearly written, concise and focused. That way, you can have different options to choose from. Try writing questions you can implement at home, or your neighborhood, and also consider the time you have to hand it in.

Evaluate your questions and choose the most suitable one.

To choose your guiding question, try to evaluate each item of your list by asking yourself the following question 1. Is my question clear? 2. Is my question focused? 3. Am I able to answer the question with the resources I have available? 4. Will I be able to answer the question and carry out all the project activities on time? 5. Who is going to benefit from this project?If you think one of your questions is clear, focused and well structured, you can start your project!


Lets analyze

Lets analyze

In this material, we are going to go over a quick review about the different structures of questions weve been already studying. Also, we are going to learn verbs to express knowledge.:

Review of question Structure

Verbs to express knowledge

Review of question Structure Lets review the different types of questions in English. Click on the tabs to navigate through each type of question. Pay special attention to the examples

Yes/no Questions

Remember:

Yes/no questions are the ones that can be answered with a simple yes or no, or with the question repeated as a statement.

Yes/no questions are asked using the verbs be, have, do, or a modal verb.

Examples

Are you going to eat with us?

Has the party started?

Do you smoke?

Can I go to the bathroom?


Lets analyze

WH Questions

Remember:

WH questions ask for information. These kinds of questions are called this way because they include the letters W and H (except for HOW).

Tag Questions

Remember:

Question tags are the small questions that often come at the ends of sentences in speech, and sometimes in informal writing (Swam, 2003).

Question tags can be used to check whether something is true, or to ask for agreement.

Remember the structure: Negative after affirmative and vice versa.

Examples

You didnt speak to John, did you?


Direct & Indirect Questions

Remember:

Direct questions are the normal questions that we can ask to friends, family and people we know well.

Examples

When is the deadline to hand in the project?

What time is it?

Indirect questions are more formal and polite. We use them when talking to a person we dont know very well, or in professional situations.

Examples

Tell me when the deadline to hand in the project is.

Could you tell me what time it is?

Verbs to express knowledge Now, lets learn how to use some verbs to express knowledge. But, what is the meaning of knowledge?

Lets see

According to Blooms Taxonomy (1956, as cited in forehand , 2005), knowledge is defined as remembering, of previously learned information.

Expressing knowledge involves different actions, like recognizing, memorizing, etc.

Lets analyze


Lets talk

Lets talk

Apart from all those question structures we just studied, there is one more type of question we need to go over with.

Have you ever heard about questions that do not expect an answer? Although it sounds weird, those kinds of questions exist. They are called rhetorical questions.

Questions do not always ask for information. Sometimes, we ask questions for other reasons, like drawing the attention of someone, or emphasizing an emotion:

Sometimes, we ask questions with obvious answers when we really want to mean another think.


References

Do you remember my conversation with Anthony? He actually used a rhetorical question. Lets recall what he said:

The intonation of this kind of question is different from the others. As your feelings rise in an emotional situation, your intonation rises up along with them.

The intonation of rhetorical questions varies depending on the emotion you are feeling at the moment: sadness, anger, sarcasm, loving, fright etc. Lets analyze the following example.


References CRESWELL, J.W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitave and mixed method approaches (3rd Ed). Sage Publication: Thousand Oaks California.

FOREHAND, M. (2005). Blooms taxonomy: Original and revised. In M. Orey (Ed.), Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrie-ved on October 18th, 2013, fromhttp://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/http://goo.gl/NJOVGq

George Mason University (The writing center). (2012). How to Write a Research Question. Retrieved on October 18th, 2013, fromhttp://writingcenter.gmu.edu/?p=307

N/A. (2006). Formulating a Research Question. Retrieved on October 17th,2013 from http://goo.gl/IiXMhA

NAYLOR, H. & MURPHY, R. (2007). Essential Grammar in Use: Suppletary Excercises. Cambridge University Press.

If you have a car parked outside, and unexpectedly someone who cant see the car asks you Wheres your car? Probably you would think that it has been stolen and your emotions will affect your intonation as you repeat the question. (Cook, 2002

In rhetorical questions, your intonation can go up ifyou are surprised, angry

or excited, and will go down if you are being sarcastic, disappointed

or pessimistic.


Credits

SWAM, M. (2003). Practical English usage. Oxford University Press.

University of California. (2001). The Research Question. Retrieved on October 17th,2013 from http://goo.gl/cQSgRS

References


CreditsPedagogical DirectionPaul William Cifuentes Velsquez Carlos Javier Amaya Gonzlez

Direction of Art Cesar Augusto Pez Ramos

ICT Leadership Yeison Arley Ospina

Quality management Juan Carlos Rojas

Content supportPamela Paola Polo brown

Script Composition Rosa Isabel Gonzlez Moreno

Content Support Rosa Isabel Gonzlez Moreno

Multimedia Development Julian Camilo Cruz Bohorquez Juliana Echeverri Gomez Natalia Herrera Rico

Voices Equipo Regional San Andrs

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