Depression in New Mothers: Findings from the 2001 Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Zhihuan...
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Transcript of Depression in New Mothers: Findings from the 2001 Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Zhihuan...
Depression in New Mothers: Findings from the 2001 Early Childhood
Longitudinal Study
Zhihuan Jennifer Huang, M.B., Ph.D., M.P.H.Children’s National Medical CenterGeorge Washington University Medical Center
Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Birth Cohort (ECLS-B), 9-month data
The study follows a nationally representative cohort of children born in 2001. The parents of 10,688 children were interviewed when the children’s age ranged between 6-23 months. In our study: Mothers with a child under 1 year. Sample was designed to support statistical analysis in most race/ethnicity groups.
Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression Scale (CES-D) scores in ECLS-B
A modified version of the CES-D is used Scores can be computed based on
responses to 12 questions from the parent self-administered questionnaire
4 categories of depression: none, mild, moderate, and severe. The last category was used as an indicator for further assessment of the presence of an active, major or minor depressive episode*
* SOURCES: Suri, R and etc. 2004
Mother’s CES-D score by race/ethnicity
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Overall White AfricanAmerican
Hispanics Asian PacificIslander
NativeAmerican
None Mild Moderate Severe
Mother’s CES-D score by Hispanic ethnicities
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Overall Mexican PuertoRican Cuban Other
None Mild Moderate Severe
Mother’s CES-D score by Asian ethnicities
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
None Mild Moderate Severe
Mother’s CES-D score by nativity in Hispanics and Asians
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
US born Foreign born US born Foreign born
None Mild Moderate Severe
Hispanics Asians
Risk factors for severe depression
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
<20 years old
Rural
Not married at child birth
Poor health
Lower SES
Marriage (not married, married)
Mother’s Age(<20, 20-35, >35
SES(poorest, richest)
Urbanicity (rural, suburban, urban)
Mother’s Health(poor vs. good)
Percentage of mothers with severe depression who did not talk to doctor or counselor, by
race/ethnicity
57.5
72.279.9 78.3
100
73.1
0102030405060708090
100
White AfricanAmerican
Hispanics Asian PacificIslander
NativeAmerican
For more informationEarly Childhood National Longitudinal Study: http://nces.ed.gov/ecls