Depression and Anxiety by Abdul Mateen Khan
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Transcript of Depression and Anxiety by Abdul Mateen Khan
Depression And Anxiety
Presented By
Abdul Mateen Khan
Presented To
Sir Qaisar Khalid
Mahmood
What is Depression?
Depression is a condition that affects
the mind and the body .
It is a very common,
highly treatable, medical illness .
It as well affects
physical, mental and emotional
well being .
What is Anxiety?
Anxiety is a feeling of fear, worry and uneasiness .
It is often accompanied by muscular tension, restlessness and problems in concentration .
Anxiety is not the same as fear which is an immediate threat whereas it is the expectations of future threat .
Depression & Anxiety
What are the types of depression and anxiety?
Depression
• Major Depression
• Minor Depression
• Psychotic Depression
• Postpartum Depression
• Situational Depression
• Seasonal affective disorder
Anxiety
• Generalized Anxiety Disorder
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Panic Disorder
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
• Social Phobia
• Specific Phobia
Signs and Symptoms of Clinical Depression
Physical:
•Sleep disturbances-insomnia, oversleeping, waking up early
•Changes in appetite or eating: much more or much less
•Decreased energy, fatigue (exhausted)
•Headaches, stomachaches, digestive problems unexplained
Behavioral/Attitude:
•Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyed, such as going out with friends, hobbies, sports, sex, etc.
•Difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions
•Neglecting responsibilities or personal appearance
Emotional:
•Persistent sad or "empty" mood, lasting two or more weeks
•Crying "for no reason"
•Feeling hopeless, helpless, guilty or worthless
•Feeling irritable, agitated or anxious
•Thoughts of death or suicide
Signs and Symptoms of Anxiety
Feelings of panic, fear, and uneasiness
Shortness of breath
Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet
Muscle tension
Diagnosis, tests and evaluation
• See a doctor
• Rule out all other possibilities
• Physical examination, interview, and lab tests can be used
• Complete history of symptoms
Depression
• See a doctor
• Interview to discus health history to rule out all other possibilities .
• If symptoms are positive patient will be referred to psychiatrist or psychologist for special diagnosing .
• Diagnosis is based on duration and intensity of symptoms .
Anxiety
Complications
Depression
• Alcohol abuse
• Substance abuse
• Anxiety
• Work or school problems
• Family conflicts
• Relationship difficulties
• Social isolation
• Suicide
• Self-mutilation, such as cutting
• Premature death from other medical conditions
Anxiety
• Depression
• Substance abuse
• Trouble sleeping (insomnia)
• Digestive or bowel problems
• Headaches
• Teeth grinding (bruxism)
• Substance use disorders
DepressionTreatments & medications
• Fluoxetine (Prozac)
• Citalopram(Celexa)
• Sertraline (Zoloft)
• Paroxetine (Paxil)
• Escitalopram (Lexapro)
• Fluvoxamine (Luvox)
The newest and most popular types of antidepressant
medications include:
•Venlafaxine (Effexor)
•Duloxetine (Cymbalta)
Serotonin and nor epinephrine
reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are similar to SSRIs and include:
Alternative Treatments
Psychotherapy- “Talk therapy“
Two main types of psychotherapies-cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT)-have been shown to be effective in treating depression by teaching new ways of thinking and behaving.
•Electroconvulsive therapy- ”Shock therapy"
Can provide relief for people with severe depression who have not been able to feel better with other treatments.
•St. John’s Wart- Top-selling botanical product in US
A trial found that St. John’s wart was no more effective than the placebo in treating major depression. Still performing clinical trials to see the benefits on minor depression.
Anxiety Treatments/medications
Medication: Drugs used to reduce the symptoms of anxiety disorders include anti-depressants and anxiety-reducing drugs.
Psychotherapy: Dealing with their disorder.
Relaxation therapy
• If untreated, depression leads to suicide in about 15% of the people it affects.
• Depression is the leading cause of disability and premature death in adults and is predicted to be the second leading cause of disability in people of all ages by the year 2020.
• Anxiety affects over 40 million Americans each year (18+ yrs. old)
Just to think about….
Effects of training on disease or patient with disease…
Improved mood
Improved self-concept
Improved work behavior
Decreased depression and anxiety
Improved social networks
Conclusions
Women are twice as likely to be affected as men by depression and anxiety.
Together they cost $125+ billion per year
Can become life threatening if untreated
Special considerations much be made when planning exercise testing (should be enjoyed)
Medications (side effects) must be documented to plan testing and exercises programs accordingly.
Regular exercise is extremely beneficial for patients with depression and anxiety.
Thank you So Much
The End