Depletion of Natural Resources

Reported by:Janine Kandall N. Salinas

Equals

Basic Needs

Foods

Air

Water

Oil

DEPLETION OF NATURAL RESOURCES

Natural Resources Natural resources occur naturally within

environments that exist relatively undisturbed by mankind, in a natural form.

A natural resource is anything people can use which comes from nature. People do not make natural resources, but gather them from the earth. Examples of natural resources are air, water, wood, crude oil, solar energy, wind energy, hydro-electric energy, and coal.

2 types of Natural Resources: Non-renewable are

formed over very long geological periods or resources that cannot be replaced.

Renewable are those that can be replenished or reproduced easily.

Depletion The use or consumption of a

resource, especially a natural resource, faster than it is replenished.

Definition It is a term referring to

the exhaustion of raw materials within a region due to the use of these resources beyond their rate of replacement.

Causes

Excessive or unnecessary use of

resources

Overpopulation

Technological and industrial development

Slash and Burn

Pollution

Forestry

Effects If we continue to use these resources at

the current rate we are using them, the resources that drive our economy will one day be exhausted.  Many people don't realize the impact resources have on our daily lives.  The decline of resource availability will cause real limits to the quality of life. The prices to acquire these materials are still increasing drastically due to scarcity. 

Solutions

Sustainable Development meeting the needs of the

present generation without compromising the ability of the future generations to meet their own needs

MILLENUIM DEVELOPMENT GOALS:

1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 2. Achieve universal primary education 3. Promote gender equality and empower

women 4. Reduce child mortality 5. Improve maternal health 6.Combat HIV/AIDS 7. Ensure environmental sustainability 8. Develop a global partnership or development

Millennium Goal (United Nations)

GOAL 7:ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

Target 7.A:

Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources

Target 7.B:

Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss

Target 7.C:

Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation

Target 7.D:

By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers

Philippines Answer:

PHILIPPINE STRATEGY FOR SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT

Goal: To achieve economic growth

with adequate protection of the country's biological resources and its diversity, vital ecosystem functions, and over-all environmental quality.

DENR As provided for under Section 4 of E.O. 192, the

DENR is mandated to be the primary government agency responsible for the conservation, management, development and proper use of the country’s environment and natural resources, including those in reservations, watershed areas and lands of the public domain, as well as the licensing and regulation of all natural resources utilization as may be provided by law in order to ensure equitable sharing of the benefits derived there from for the welfare of the present and future generations of Filipinos.

Brown Environment Today our country is already suffering from

water shortages and air pollution. The situation is expected to get even worse in the years to come. Likewise, the problems on the collection and disposal of solid wastes are continuously escalating because the system of operations can hardly cope with the increasing volume of solid wastes.

Adjudication of pollution cases

The Pollution Adjudication Board, an attached agency of the DENR, undertakes the adjudication of pollution cases. This activity is now under the direct supervision of the Environmental Management Bureau (EMB). It is authorized to issue orders or decisions to enforce compliance with existing laws based on investigations conducted.

 

Environmental Management and Pollution Control

The program deals with the implementation of policies, programs and projects for the effective and efficient control and management of industrial and domestic pollution. An important component of this program is the development of public awareness projects which are focused on citizen participation in solving environmental issues as well as the inclusion of environmental concerns in school curricula.

Ecological Solid Waste Management Program

This program operationalizes ecological waste management in the country. The activities include the identification and assessment of possible sanitary landfill sites and encourage waste segregation at source, composting, re-cycling, and re-use.

Global Environment Monitoring Systems (GEMS)

This project aims to collaborate with the member-states in the establishment of new water quality monitoring systems and to strengthen existing research; to improvise validity and comparability of data within member-states; and to assess the incidence and long-term trends of water pollution by selected persistent and hazardous substances. The DENR’s involvement in this project is the EMB’s regular conduct of monitoring and analyses of water samples from three (3) sampling stations of Pampanga River in Central Luzon.

Integrated ENR Development Project of Solsona, Ilocos Norte

The project of the Municipality of Solsona is a Likas Yaman awardee in 1995, the Municipality shall replicate/expand its winning project as a model for other communities to follow. The project has two major components namely, Urban Greening and Ecological Waste Management. Urban greening involves production and planting of forest trees, fruit bearing trees, and bamboo along the provincial, municipal and barangay roads. Ecological Waste Management activities include education, enforcement and engineering.

Foreign Assisted

Pasig River Rehabilitation Program (River Rehabilitation Secretariat) Phase II

TA for Pasig River Environmental Management and Rehabilitation Project

Metropolitan Environmental Improvement Programme (MEIP)

The Prevention and Management of Marine Pollution in East Asian Seas

Ozone Depleting Substances Phase-Out Investment Program

Technical Assistance for the Evaluation of Environmental Standards for Selected Industry Subsector

Waste Management Plan for Cebu Metro Manila Air Quality Improvement

Sector Development Program Private Sector Participation in

Managing the Environment (PRIME)

Green Environment The Philippines has a total land area of 30

million hectares. About 15.88 million hectares or 53% of the total land area have been classified as forestlands and the remaining 14.12 million hectares or 46% are classified as Alienable and Disposable Lands. However, as of 1996, there were only around 5.493 million hectares of forestlands with actual forest cover.

Figures depicted on the Philippine Forestry Statistics showed that our forests are disappearing at an alarming rate. From 1950-1978, deforestation claimed 204,000 hectares annually. For the period 1978-1988, deforestation decreased to 199,000 hectares annually. And from 1989-1995, the rate of forest destruction decreased to an average of 116,321.7 hectares per year.

Forest Management Services The major concern of this program is to improve the

technical and managerial expertise in the sustainable development of forest resources. It involves the enforcement of selective logging methods (tree marking, residual inventory and timber stand improvement) in logging concessions. It provides technical support to interested parties from the private sector, non-government organizations and other government agencies in the establishment of plantations within private lands and industrial forest plantations. It also promotes planting of trees and regreening of highly urbanized areas such as school compounds, streets, highways and island and the establishment of mini-forests.

Plantation Establishment and Maintenance and Protection

This program involves the establishment of new forest plantations in selected areas. Plantations under existing reforestation contracts will also be maintained and protected. Maintenance and protection would cover the application of fertilizers and pesticides, replanting of dead seedlings to ensure survival rate of 80% upon turnover of the plantation and protection from fire and encroachment.

Forest Protection The program's main objective is the

protection of the physical resources within the forestlands from any form of forest destruction and the enforcement of forest laws, rules and regulations. The program's activities include strengthening of the DENR capacity on surveillance and apprehension through the involvement of Multi-sectoral Forest Protection Committees in all provinces.

Community-Based Forestry Program

This program aims to improve the socio-economic conditions of the communities through the promotion of social justice, equitable access and sustainable development of forestland resources. In order to carry out this objective, all people-oriented forestry programs including Integrated Social Forestry Program (ISFP), Upland Development Program (UDP), Forest Land Management Program (FLMP), Low Income Upland Communities Projects (LIUCP),

Soil Conservation and Watershed Management

The program's main concern is the conservation, management and development of water resources and watershed areas in consonance with the provisions of R. A. No. 8041. It also involves the rehabilitation of the critical watershed areas through the establishment of vegetative measures, construction of structural measures, plantation establishment and other activities to prevent soil erosion and sedimentation in the area.

Forest Land Sub-Classification Party

This program is intended to identify the most appropriate use of a parcel of forestland. Categories of uses include protection and production forest, grazing lands, agroforestry, resettlement and such other categories.

Forest Protection and Development of the Camp John Hay Reservation

The management and protection of the forest reservations within the Camp John Hay was turned-over to the DENR by the American government in 1992. In line with this, the Department is now responsible for the census and management of forest occupants in the area, deployment of patrol and fire suppression crews, and the rehabilitation of the degraded portions of the reservations.

Protected areas and Wildlife Resources Development

The main concern of the program is the identification, delineation and management of areas set aside as protected areas in line with the provisions of the NIPAS Law. It involves protection of resources within national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and other areas being considered for integration in the system.

Operation and Maintenance of the Ninoy Aquino Park and Wildlife Nature Center, Quezon City

The project aims to develop and maintain the Ninoy Aquino Parks and Wildlife Nature Center (NAPWNC) as the transition between urban ecosystem and natural forest ecosystem in order to promote consciousness on the value and importance of natural heritage. NAPWNC houses a number of floral and faunal species including confiscated wildlife. It also install/maintain recreational park facilities and amenities for use and enjoyment of park visitors.

Development and Rehabilitation of Hinulugang Taktak National Park in Antipolo, Rizal

Hinulugang Taktak in Antipolo, Rizal can be considered by many, as one very important landscape in Rizal with its once refreshing view of its waterfall and legendary nature. Now threatened by the perennial problems of human encroachment and environmental pollution caused by land estates development and establishment of piggeries and factories within the surrounding areas, the DENR with the Philippine Tourism Authority is tasked to rehabilitate the area and protect it from further degradation.

Development and Rehabilitation of the Mt. Apo National Park

Philippine Eagle Conservation Project  Pawikan Conservation Project Tamaraw Conservation Project Operation and Maintenance of the

Crocodile Farm Institute Project in Irawan, Palawan

Biodiversity Conservation Program Pilot Plantation Establishment of

Selected Forest Species Water Resource Development and

Management Tiger Grass and Forest Products

Development Project Support to the Pili Development Project

in the Bicol Region

Blue Environment The Philippine waters cover ten times more area than

the total terrestrial environment. It, therefore, has great potential as a major base for development. Ecosystems present in the coastal zone, includes the coral reefs, identified as the most biologically productive environment second only to a tropical rain forests, mangrove areas, seagrass beds and soft bottom communities. Coral reefs have the potential of producing more than 1 million three hundred twenty thousand (1,320,000) metric tons of fish. The remaining mangrove forests in this country produce an annual average of 633 kg/hectare or 107,610 metric tons of fish. BFAR (1990) estimates the coastal zone harvest to be 2.5 million metric tons. The coastal and marine ecosystem is considered an important source of livelihood for about 70% of the country’s municipalities.

Today, our mangrove resources have been extensively exploited. The original estimate of 400,000-500,000 hectares of mangrove forests has been reduced to 139,100 hectares in 1988. As of 1996, the Philippine had a total of 115,100 hectares of remaining mangrove areas.

Coastal Environmental Program

The Coastal Environmental Program aims to coordinate all activities on resource and environmental management of coastal ecosystems with the involvement of the communities and immediate stakeholders in the protection and management of coastal zones. It relies heavily on information, education and communication (IEC) cum community organizing during the early stages to achieve higher levels of participation.

Integrated Mangrove Rehabilitation and Seedling Production Project

The project has two (2) main components namely; (a) Mangrove Rehabilitation and (b) Seedling Production. The cost of labor for plantation establishment and maintenance and protection shall be the counterpart contribution of the municipality. The project aims to establish 56 hectares of mangrove plantation for the first phase. Seedling production shall be the main activity for the second year targeting a total of 140,000 forest tree seedlings to support its clean and green program.

Foreign Assisted Study and Mapping and Land Cover

Assessment of Mangrove Areas Coastal Zone Environmental and

Resource Management Project Second Irrigation Systems Improvement

Project (Environment Control and Monitoring Component)

Conclusion: Buy depleted resources from other countries

that still have an abundant supply of them, however this can be expensive.

Explore the option of finding needed resources in space on other planets.

To find new ways to produce and made these resources that we are loosing.

To discover different resources that produce the same actions and play the same roles as the depleted did