DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DYNAMICS LAB EQUIPMENT DETAILS

S.No Name of the

Equipment Inventor Equipment Photo Description Applications

Cost of the

Equipment

1 Camanalyzer Ismail Al-Jazari

It is a type of element that

converts rotary motion into

reciprocating motion.

A common example is

the camshaft of an automobile,

which takes the rotary motion

of the engine and translates it

into the reciprocating motion

necessary to operate the intake

and exhaust valves of

the cylinders.

31200

2 Governor James watt

A centrifugal governor is a

specific type of governor a

feedback system that controls

the speed of an engine It uses

the principle of proportional

control.

It is used to control speed in

automobiles and also control

the amount fuel to the system.

45000

3 Gyroscope Foucault-1852

A gyroscope is a circular disc

which rotates on a horizontal

axis.

Applications of gyroscopes

include inertial navigation

systems where magnetic

compasses would not work (as

in the Hubble telescope) or

would not be precise enough

(as in intercontinental ballistic

missiles), or for the

stabilization of flying vehicles

like radio-controlled helicopters

or unmanned aerial vehicles

25000

4

Turn table

setup

Neolithic spindle

To determine angular velocity,

angular acceleration, mass

moment of inertia and

centrifugal force of

reciprocating masses

To find the moment of inertia of

circular objects. 38500

5 Spring mass

system(damped

and undamped)

Damping is an influence within

or upon an oscillatory

system that has the effect of

reducing, restricting or

preventing its oscillations. In

physical systems, damping is

produced by processes that

dissipate the energy stored in

the oscillation. Examples

include viscousdrag in

mechanical

systems, resistance in electronic

oscillators, and absorption and

scattering of light in optical

oscillators.

Damping factor, damping

coefficient, frequency and

amplitude induced in the

vibrating elements.

24000

6 Rotating mass Einstein

The balancing of rotating

bodies is important to

avoid vibration. In heavy

industrial machines such as gas

turbines and electric generators,

vibration can cause catastrophic

failure, as well as noise and

discomfort. In the case of a

narrow wheel, balancing simply

involves moving the centre of

gravity to the centre of rotation.

For a system to be in complete

balance both force and

couple polygons should be

closed.

Crank web weight uniformity

and flywheel eccentricity 27775

7

Reciprocating

mass

Einstein

A rotating system of mass is in

dynamic balance when the

rotation does not produce any

resultant centrifugal force or

couple. The system rotates

without requiring the

application of any external

force or couple, other than that

required to support its weight.

If a system is initially

unbalanced, to avoid the stress

upon the bearings caused by the

centrifugal couple,

counterbalancing weights must

be added. This is seen when a

bicycle wheel gets buckled. The

wheel will not rotate itself

when stationary due to gravity

as it is still statically balanced,

but will not rotate smoothly as

the centre of mass is to the side

of the centre bearing. The

spokes on a bike wheel need to

be tuned in order to stop this

and keep the wheel operating as

efficiently as possible.

Piston and connecting rod

weight and CG uniformity.

27770

8. Gear reducer AgostinoRamelli

Epicyclic gearing systems also

incorporate the use of an outer

ring gear orannulus, which

meshes with the planet gears.

Planetary gears (or epicyclic

gears) are typically classified as

simple or compound planetary

gears. Simple planetary gears

have one sun, one ring, one

carrier, and one planet set.

Compound planetary gears

involve one or more of the

following three types of

structures: meshed-planet (there

are at least two more planets in

mesh with each other in each

planet train), stepped-planet

(there exists a shaft connection

between two planets in each

planet train), and multi-stage

structures (the system contains

two or more planet sets).

Compared to simple planetary

gears, compound planetary

gears have the advantages of

larger reduction ratio, higher

torque-to-weight ratio, and

more flexible configurations.

Belt drives, automotive

applications, lathe machines,

watches etc.

49500

9 Connecting rod Al-Jazari

In a reciprocating piston

engine, the connecting

rod connects the piston to

the crank or crankshaft.

Together with the crank, they

form a simple mechanism that

converts reciprocating motion

into rotating motion.

Connecting rod used in all

types of vehicles such as

cars, trucks and bikes where

combustion engine is used.

All commercial vehicles

which use this type of engine,

there connecting rods are

used. Even construction

equipment like bulldozers,

road rollers(earth

movers) use internal

combustion engines.

8000

10 Bifilar suspension

(Newman and

Searle, 1951)

The bifilar suspension is a

technique used to determine

the moment of inertia of any

type of object about any point

on the object. This is done by

suspending two parallel cords

of equal length through the

object examined. However,

the approach taken for this

experiment is to determine the

moment of inertia of a drop by

suspending the cords through

the mass centre of bodies,

obtaining an angular

displacement about the

vertical axis through the centre

of mass by a sensibly small

angle.

Regular and irregular objects

moment of inertia can be

identified.

8000

11 Compound

pendulum

1602 by

Galileo Galilei

A rigid body with distributed

mass able to freely pivot about

a horizontal axis 'P' which

does not coincide with the

centre of gravity is called

acompound pendulum.

Rectangular shaped object

moment of inertia can be

identified.

8000

12

Slider crank

mechanism and

crank rocker

mechanism

Celtiberian

Spain

A crank is an arm attached at

right angles to a rotating shaft

by which reciprocating

motion is imparted to or

received from the shaft. It is

used to convert circular

motion into reciprocating

motion, or vice versa. The arm

may be a bent portion of the

shaft, or a separate arm or disk

attached to it. Attached to the

end of the crank by a pivot is a

rod, usually called

a connecting rod. The end of

the rod attached to the crank

moves in a circular motion,

while the other end is usually

constrained to move in

a linear sliding motion.

Axle, bicycle shafts, foot

powered cranks, hand

powered cranks etc.

7950

13 Whirlingof

shaft Rankine

The critical speed is the

theoretical angular

velocity that excites

the natural frequency of a

rotating object, such as a

shaft, propeller, leadscrew, or

gear. As the speed of rotation

approaches the object's

natural frequency, the object

begins to resonate, which

dramatically increases

system vibration. The

resulting resonance occurs

regardless of orientation.

When the rotational speed is

equal to the numerical value

of the natural vibration, then

that speed is referred to as

critical speed.

Automatic estimation for both

diametric and polar inertia of

components such as

propellers, gear wheels or

flanges.

24900

14 Single rotor

system and two

rotor system

De la Cierva

It consists of a rotating

element one fixed and other

is free to rotate and other

elements(both rotate)

Moment of inertia of circular

objects by torsional vibration 40040

15 scotch yoke

mechanism Russell Bourke

The Scotch yoke (also known

as slotted link mechanism) is

a reciprocating

motion mechanism,

converting the linear motion

of a slider into rotational

motion, or vice versa.

The piston or other

reciprocating part is directly

coupled to a slidingyoke with

a slot that engages a pin on

the rotating part. The location

of the piston versus time is

a sine wave of constant

amplitude, and constant

frequency given a

constant rotational speed.

This setup is most commonly

used in control valve

actuators in high-pressure oil

and gas pipelines, It has been

used in various internal

combustion engines, such as

the Bourke engine, SyTech

engine, and many hot air

engines and steam engines.

7000

16 Spur gear Ma-Jun

A gear is

a rotating machine part

having cut teeth,

which mesh with another

toothed part to

transmit torque, in most cases

with teeth on the one gear

being of identical shape, and

often also with that shape on

the other gear.Two or more

gears working in a sequence

(train) are called a gear

train or, in many cases,

a transmission; such gear

arrangements can produce

a mechanical

advantage through a gear

ratio and thus may be

considered a simple machine.

Metal cutting machines,

Power plants

Marine engines

Mechanical clocks and

watches

Fuel pumps

Washing Machines

12450

17

Vibration Pickups

Accelerometers

& Recorders

Pierreand Jacque

s Curie

In an AC-response

accelerometer, as the name

implies, the output is AC

coupled. An AC coupled

device cannot be used to

measure static acceleration

such as gravity and constant

centrifugal acceleration. It is

only suitable for measuring

dynamic events. A DC-

response accelerometer, on

the other hand, is DC

coupled, and responds down

to zero Hertz. It therefore can

be used to measure static, as

well as dynamic acceleration

Aircraft Design &

Testing, Automotive Design &

Testing, Automotive Safety

Testing,Machine & Structure

Monitoring and Motorsport

31750

18

Epicyclic gear

train

Georgius

Agricola

An epicyclic gear

train consists of

two gears mounted so that

the center of one gear

revolves around the center

of the other. A carrier

connects the centers of the

two gears and rotates to

carry one gear, called

the planet gear, around the

other, called the sun gear.

The planet and sun gears

mesh so that their pitch

circles roll without slip. A

point on the pitch circle of

the planet gear traces

an epicycloid curve.

Bearings, casings and

couplings. 16800

19 Differential

mechanism Vernon

Gleasman

A differential is a particular

type of simple planetary

gear train that has the

property that the angular

velocity of its carrier is the

average of the angular

velocities of its sun and

annular gears. This is

accomplished by packaging

the gear train so it has

a fixed carrier train ratio R

= -1, which means the gears

corresponding to the sun

and annular gears are the

same size. This can be done

by engaging the planet

gears of two identical and

coaxial epicyclic gear

trains to form a spur gear

differential.

When cornering the inner

wheel travels a shorter

distance than the outer

wheel, so without a

differential either the inner

wheel rotates too fast or the

outer wheel drags, which

results in difficult and

unpredictable handling,

damage to tires and roads,

and strain on (or possible

failure of) the

entire drivetrain.

17250

20 Cantilever beam

setup Galileo Galilei

A cantilever is a

rigid structural element,

such as a beam or a plate,

anchored at only one end to

a (usually vertical) support

from which it is protruding.

Cantilevers can also be

constructed

with trusses or slabs. When

subjected to a structural

load, the cantilever carries

the load to the support

where it is forced against by

a moment and shear stress.

Cantilevers are widely

found in construction,

notably in cantilever

bridges and balconies . In

cantilever bridges the

cantilevers are usually built

as pairs, with each

cantilever used to support

one end of a central section

22200

21 Universal joint Gaspar Schott

A universal joint is

a joint or coupling in a rigid

rod that allows the rod to

'bend' in any direction, and

is commonly used in shafts

that transmit rotary motion.

It consists of a pair

of hinges located close

together, oriented at 90° to

each other, connected by a

cross shaft.

Stone crushers, Tapping

machinery, Centrifugal

blower, Centrifugal fans

and centrifugal pumps,

Belt conveyors, Control

mechanisms, Marine

equipments and Metal

forming machinery

14250

22 Pneumatic circuit

model

Otto von

Guericke's

Magdeburg

Hemispheres

A pneumatic circuitis an

interconnected set of

components that convert

compressed gas (usually air)

into mechanical work. In the

normal sense of the term,

the circuit must include a

compressor or compressor-

fed tank.

Air brakes, air engines,

compressor, HVAC control

systems

42000