Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION 1 u-Science Center Initial Results of a Camera-based...
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Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION1u-Science Centeru-Science Center
Initial Results of a Camera-based Traffic Emissions Estimation System for Konkuk
University Complex Testbed
Telescience WG, PRAGMA 14March 2008, Taichung, TW
J.H. Woo, E.I. Kim, S.B. Lim, Y. Sunwoo, K.H. Hong, Y.J. Kim, K.Y. Chung, Y.R. Kim, Y.H. Choi, H Jeong, N.H. Cho
Department of Advance Technology FusionKonkuk University, Seoul, Korea
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION2u-Science Center
Research Team
Jung-Hun Woo
- Yoo-Jung Kim - Nam-Ho Cho
Ki-Ho Hong
Eun-Yi Kim
- Ki-Yeong Jeong- Yoon-Hee Shin
Sang-Beom Lim
-You-Lin Jin
iET iIT
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION3u-Science Center
Background
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION4u-Science Center
U-City is Korea’s vision or strategy for future city and knowledge industry, based on advanced ICT infra-structures
In a “ubiquitous city”, various types of computer/sen-sors and information systems are built into houses, office buildings, streets; make them connected and their services (residential, medical, business, govern-mental) available in a ubiquitous and integrated way
U-Services : Anytime, Anywhere
Need-base Services
Need Testbeds
Background U-City
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION5u-Science Center
u-CityInfrastructure
Fire alarm, Seismograph, Flood, Fall down(Penetration, Distortion, Temper-ature, Bright, Vibration,…)
Disaster monitoringFire, Collapsed or Liquidized Soil(Temperature, Smoke, Foun-dation, …)
Physical distribution, Logistic, Quality(Temperature, Humidity, …)
Management of growth, Posi-tion chase, Machine Condition(Position, Tempuature, Humidity …)
Anti-disasterSecurityHealth care &
Medical care
TrackingEnvironmental Risk Management
Others Apps
Healthcare, Emergencycare(Physical condition action,…)
Weather, Water quality, Shop-ping
Agriculture
Air pollution, Vibration, Po-sionous Gas(SOx, NOx, Dust, Distortion, ….)
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION6u-Science Center
Konkuk University Complex Our testbed Components : Starcity(Residential &
Commercial), Classic500 (Senior Housing), KU Hospital (KUH), KU Main Campus(KUMC)
Starcity
- Residential : 1310 Condos (58 floors max.)
- Commercial : Multiplex theater, Supermarkets, Mall Area,
Restaurants
Classic500
- Residential : 500 Senior Apartments
- Under Construction KU Hospital
- 870-bed, 83,000 m2, 13 flrs + 4 flrs (un-derground)
- 31 units with 4 major specialized centers
(Outpatient dept) KU Main Campus
- 20,000 students(incl. 2,000 grads), 589 full-time, and
864 part-time faculty. 12 grad schools and 16 colleges
(86 depts and 33 research institutes)
- about 1km2 area (incl. a lake)
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION7u-Science Center
Weather Monitoring by AWS
Starcity (Res)
Weather Station (AWS) Elevated Meteorology (60th FL)
Weather Station (AWS) Surface Meteorology
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION8u-Science Center
Starcity (Res)
Air Quality Monitoring (NOx, PM10)
AQ Monitoring Station Surface Air Quality
AQ Monitoring Station Elevated Meteorology
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION9u-Science Center
Air Quality Monitors
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION10u-Science Center
Traffic Monitoring by Webcam
Car : Volume by Types Emissions (MOBILE model)
People : Volume Impact
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION11u-Science Center
1st Year Research
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION12u-Science Center
1st year research purpose and research flow
Camera based traffic parameters estimation• T
o develop an automatic traffic monitoring system to estimate important traffic parameters, such as velocity & number of vehicles, from video sequences of a one camera
Real time onroad mobile source emissions estimation using measured traffic parameters• E
missions estimation by hour, pollutants, vehicle types
Distributed data management & delivery service• T
o design distributed data management and delivery service for Emissions Monitoring
• To visualize emissions data using short term test data to design and implementation web based user interface & charts
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION13u-Science Center
Camera-based Traffic Parameters Estimation
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION14u-Science Center
Camera-based Traffic Parameter Estimation
Our goal is to develop an automatic traffic moni-toring system to estimate important traffic pa-rameters from video sequences using only one camera
– Traffic density– Average vehicle velocity– Vehicle type number of vehicles
System Architecture
– Client : Network Camera • Resolution : 320×240, 30 frame/sec• Format : MPEG-4 standard
– Server : PC• Vision system
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION15u-Science Center
Camera monitoring install sites
2nd08.01.15
3rd08.01.18~08.01.
21
5th08.02.11~08.2.2
9
4th08.02.11
1st08.01.10~08.01.
12
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION16u-Science Center
Camera-based Traffic Parameter Estimation
Three major stages to estimate desired traffic pa-rameters
– Background estimation– Density estimation– Velocity estimation– Number of vehicles estimation
Input Image Stream
Background Model
Image Substraction
Density Estimation
Velocity Estimation
Number of Vehicle
Estimation
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION17u-Science Center
Input Video Streaming
L = 3mt t+∆
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION18u-Science Center
Background Estimation
The background color is estimated by looking at consecutive frames in the image sequence
– The color value that occurred most often is chosen to be the back-ground value at that point.
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION19u-Science Center
ResultsStart Frame End Frame V(m/sec) D N
1 50 99 27.7652 0.24222 2
2 100 149 19.4964 0.23509 1
3 150 199 10.4096 0.22063 1
4 200 249 28.3136 0.31043 3
5 250 299 13.7456 0.17323 1
6 300 349 10.1252 0.2122 1
7 350 399 0 0 0
8 400 449 18.4924 0.21067 1
9 450 499 10.1928 0.17254 1
10 500 549 16.8476 0.21718 1
total 50 549 12.94903 0.199419 12
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION20u-Science Center
Realtime onroad mobile source emissions estimation using measured traffic parameters
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION21u-Science Center
Emissions Estimation
General emissions equation
• Emissions (ton/year) = No. of registered vehicles(veh.) × VKT(km/day-veh.) × 365day/year × Emission Factor(g/km) × 10-6
• Emissions by pollutants, vehicle types, VKT means vehicle kilometer travelled
Camera-based realtime emissions estimation (this study)
• Emissions(g/h) = VKT by vehicle types (km) × Emission Factor (g/km)• Emissions by hour, pollutants, vehicle types
• Hourly VKT (km) = passing traffic average velocity (km/veh.-h) × No. of vehicles(veh.) × 1hr(h)
Vehicle types in this study
• 7 classifications• Passenger Cars(include taxi), Buses (light duty), Buses(heavy duty), Trucks(compact car,
light duty), Trucks(middle duty, heavy duty, special vehicle), Two Wheelers, RV(Recreational vehicle)
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION22u-Science Center
Hourly VKT by vehicle types
TimePassingTraffic
VelocityAvg.
TotalVKT
Unit Veh. km/hr km
2007-02-19-11:00 360.0 44.9 16179.4
2007-02-19-12:00 3253.3 46.8 152235.8
2007-02-19-13:00 266.7 35.9 9567.0
2007-02-19-14:00 386.7 48.4 18709.1
2007-02-19-15:00 226.7 33.3 7550.7
2007-02-20-09:00 186.7 25.0 4657.8
2007-02-20-11:00 346.7 49.5 17145.3
2007-02-20-13:00 346.7 47.3 16387.8
2007-02-20-15:00 333.3 44.8 14937.5
vehicle types No. of registered vehicles (veh.)
Distribution(%)
Passenger Cars(include taxi)
1,873,215 58.9
Buses (light duty) 179,052 5.6
Buses (heavy duty) 15,129 0.5
Trucks(Compact car, light duty)
290,894 9.2
Trucks(middle duty, heavy duty,
special vehicle)89,690 2.8
Two Wheelers 401,844 12.6
RV(Recreational vehicle) 327,992 10.3
Traffic parameter & hourly VKT Distribution of vehicle type
Hourly VKT by distribution of vehicle types
Data from Camera based Traffic Parameter Estimation Data from Seoul registered vehicle in Jan. 2008
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION23u-Science Center
Emissions by hour, pollutants, vehicle types
2007-02-19-11:00 CO NOx PM10 VOCg/hr g/hr g/hr g/hr
Passenger Cars (include taxi) 7395.1 982.1 247.0 365.9 Buses (light duty) 547.1 302.4 22.4 45.3 Buses (heavy duty) 110.4 354.0 2.4 42.9
Trucks(Compact car, light duty)
811.2 232.9 59.5 39.8
Trucks(middle duty, heavy duty, special vehicle)
1369.6 3456.7 33.4 333.7
Two Wheelers 21482.2 7160.7 409.2 RV (Recreational vehicle) 1015.7 217.8 54.4 46.3
Total 32731.4 12706.6 419.1 1283.0
vehicle types CO NOx PM VOCunit g/Km g/Km g/Km g/Km
Passenger Cars(include taxi) 0.7754 0.1030 0.0259 0.0384 Buses (light duty) 0.6002 0.3317 0.0246 0.0497 Buses (heavy duty) 1.4334 4.5958 0.0315 0.5566
Trucks (Compact car, light duty)
0.5477 0.1572 0.0402 0.0269
Trucks(middle duty, heavy duty, special ve-
hicle)2.9992 7.5698 0.0732 0.7309
Two Wheelers 10.5000 3.5000 0.2000 RV(Recreational vehicle) 0.6083 0.1304 0.0326 0.0277
Revised emission factor
Hourly VKTby vehicle type
Emissions by hour, pollutants, vehicle types
Data from CAPSS
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION24u-Science Center
Distributed data management and service
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION25u-Science Center
Our goal is to develop an distributed data management & delivery service in camera base emissions monitoring sys-tem
1st year research goal
– To design distributed data management and delivery service for emis-sions monitoring testbed
– To visualize short term test data in support of design and implementa-tion of web-based user interface
1st year research results
– Distributed data management & delivery service design– Web-based chart and data analysis results through designed UI
Distributed Data Management and Service
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION26u-Science Center
Distributed Data Management and Service
Structure DesignCamera data stream convert Module
ASF per-second
25frame JPG
NBPub
NBTopic
K1
K2
K3
KN
Traffic parameter estimation Module
K1NBSub
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K2NBSub
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K3NBSub
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KNNBSub
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K1 Live track 0
K2 Dead track 0
K3 Busy track 0
KN Dead track 0
Pub Live track 0
DB
U1NBSub
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U2NBSub
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U3NBSub
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UN
NBSub
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Estimation for air pollutants emis-
sions Module
NBTopic
U1
U2
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UN
K1 Live track 0
K2 Dead track 0
K3 Busy track 0
KN Dead track 0
Pub Live track 0
JPG NBTopic
Final Data
process
ManagementManagement
XMLData pair
NBPub
NaradaBrokering publisher
NBSub
NaradaBrokering subscriber
NBTopic
NaradaBrokering Topic
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION27u-Science Center
Web-Based Charts of Environmental Data
Http://117.16.146.61:8888/joomla
Analysis charts service
- Emissions Monitoring
- Air Quality Monitoring
- Meteorology Data
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION28u-Science Center
PM10 emission VOC emission
The street of Konkuk University front door emissions monitoring test data analysis results : Feb.19 ~20, 2008
Examples of Emission Monitoring
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION29u-Science Center
The street of Konkuk University front door air quality monitoring test data analysis results : Feb.19 ~20, 2008
Examples of Air Quality Monitoring
SO2 PM10
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION30u-Science Center
ChenHo-Dong(KangDong-Gu, Seoul) meteorology data test analysis results : Feb.11~12, 2008
Examples of Meteorology Data
Wind speed Temperature
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION31u-Science Center
Future Improvements
Camera based traffic parameters estimation
Real time onroad mobile source emissions estimation
using measured traffic parameters
Distributed data management & delivery service
Shadow elimination
Vehicle classification Vehicle tracking
Real time emissions estimation by measured vehicle-fuel types Meteorological data monitoring Air quality data monitoring
Automated data transfer implemen-tation Data model, management, and service implementation
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION32u-Science Center
Relation to PRAGMA & Workgroup Meetings
Fusion Idea/work evolution
Related Com-ponents
Idea initiation
Pilot implementation Idea expansion Seed project Full-scale projects Related-projects :
Air quality assessment/prediction Sensor-based air quality monitoring Camera-based pollutant emissions monitoring Urban Geography consideration Policy+Science+Technology (Enviro + IT fusion)
: Introductory Fusion Course & Technology Fusion Project (2007. 3~6)
: Techno-Fair, Konkuk Univ (2007. 5): PRAGMA (2007. 9), u-Ecocity Workshop (2007.11): BK21 Internal Project, Konkuk Univ(2007. 11)
: Construction u-City of Seoul by Fu-ture Foresight Analysis(2007. 12)
- National Cyberinfrastructure Project for Construction Research (2007. 9) - Development of artifical intelligence air quality control and management system for subway stations and tunnels (2007. 12)
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION33u-Science Center
Constructing u-City of Seoul by Future Foresight Analysis
Building u-City infrastructure for future Seoul
Construction of citizen-friendly city of Seoul from foresight analysis and public needs survey. Devel-opment of nec-essary policies
Ontology develop-ment in support of u-City service
Distributed air mon-itoring and model-ing system
USN-based service development
Sub-project1
Sub-project2
Sub-project3
Plus…
Industrialpartners :
Lukis Metabuild Genosystem SoltluxKosec
SKK Univ. Konkuk Univ. Univ. of Seoul 2.5 million USD for Five Years (2007~2012) from Seoul Met-
ropolitan Government
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION34u-Science Center
System Flow Scheme
μ-Gateway
How is air quality around us?
Ask Monitoring Sensor
Air Quality Monitoring Air Quality Modeling Connect with other servies
Sharing Data Respository
Sensor In-formation
Monitor-ing data
Register SensorsCollect monitoring data
Open Data Services Middle-ware
Open data servicesUser-based data services
XML-based Air Quality Data Models
Data Conversion등록
I think it’s okay In this area
StandardizationExpansion
MAMS
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION35u-Science Center
Dispersion of Pollutant : CFD Model
Cheonggye Stream
Micro-scale Air Quality Modeling
MAMS (Microscale Air Management System)MAMS (Microscale Air Management System)
3D Building GIS map is being established
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION36u-Science Center
대기 환경 모니터링을 위한 시각화 시스템AirScope
• Proceed project and Data Services
• Share Information in do-mestic & Abraod
http://vr.konkuk.ac.kr/subpages/airscope/
Department of ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FUSION37u-Science Center