Demystifying Digital Scholarship Workshop 6 Slides
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Transcript of Demystifying Digital Scholarship Workshop 6 Slides
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April 23rd:Available Tools:
Free, Cheap, and Premium(and how to navigate choosing between them)
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While there are many different digital
platforms you can use, in the end, all tools are
visualization tools.
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When you choose a tool, you’re choosing how you want to see
your data.
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You may work with many tools/platforms in
the lifespan of your project.
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Important Considerations
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Ownership• In what space was your project built?
• Your personal site?
• The university’s webspace?
• Where is the project supposed to “live” after completion?
• Where did the funding for the project come from?
• Was the project produced in the context of your teaching responsibilities?
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Hosting
• If a platform is web-based (sometimes referred to as “server-side”), then someone else is making sure that the platform works, and gets upgraded.
• Pro: you don’t have to install or maintain it.
• Con: you’re dependent on being online for the platform to work.
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Hosting• If the platform is locally hosted (sometimes referred
to as “client-side”), then it’s on your computer.
• Pro: you don’t have to be online! (this is handy anytime you’re demonstrating your project outside of your home institution)
• Con: you may need to have more programming skills to install and maintain the platform on your own machine/server.
• Con: other people may not be able to access the content you produce (because it’s only located on your machine).
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Licensing• Did you pay for the tool/platform that you
want to use?
• Did you have to pay for it once, or do you have to renew it annually?
• Do your users need a license to interact with what you produce?
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IP Resources• MILO (McMaster Industry Liaison Office)
• McMaster Policy on Ownership of Student Work (http://www.mcmaster.ca/policy/faculty/Research/OwnershipOfStudentWork.pdf)
• CAGS Guide to Intellectual Property for Graduate Students and Postdoctoral Researchers (http://www.cags.ca/documents/publications/working/Guide_Intellectual_Property.pdf)
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Flexibility• Can you import your data (i.e., prepare it
outside of the platform?)
• Can you export your data?
• In a way that allows other people to see what the platform does?
• In a way that allows you to use the data in other platforms?
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Robustness
• For a platform to be “robust,” it needs to be able to handle unexpected input or actions in a way that allows the user to fix the problem and continue with minimal fuss.
• While this definition of robust is generally agreed upon, the precise standards for robustness are essentially subjective.
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Is it robust?• If something goes wrong, does the platform return a blank screen, or crash entirely?
• If something goes wrong, does the platform provide an error message that allows you to figure out what part of your input caused the problem?
NOT ROBUST!
ROBUST!
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Platform Support & Lifespan• Who made the platform you want to use?
• Is it open source?
• How is maintenance of the platform (not your project, but the platform itself) funded? (Grants? Donations?)
• Is it new and shiny? Or old and reliable?
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Average lifespan of Google projects
“Google Keep? It’ll probably be with us until March 2017 – on average” – Charles Arthur, The Guardian, March 22, 2013
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Platform Support Community• Does the platform have a support system
(i.e., a contact for troubleshooting or a message board)
• How active is the message board?
• Are there discussions of the platform at broad support sites like StackExchange?
• Can you find blog posts where people write about using/troubleshooting?
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Audience• You
• Specialized scholarly audience
• Other digital/multimodal scholars
• Search committees/hiring representatives
• Students
• The general public
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Audience
• How easy will it be for members of your audience(s) to access your project?
• What can you assume about the technical knowledge of your audience?
• Alternatives: screenshots, screencasts
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Visibility• Some platforms may allow you to use them
for free, provided you make your data public:
• Are you concerned about other people accessing your data?
• Could your data be considered someone else’s property?
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Accessibility• Can your project/platform be accessed by
people with disabilities and/or using assistive technologies?
• Universal design: creating content and tools for people with the widest range of abilities possible.
• Accessibility is easier to implement when planned from the beginning, rather than retroactively.
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Transparency
• How much documentation is available about the platform’s continuing development and its creator’s goals?
• If the platform creates data visualizations or other assessments, how visible is its internal logic?
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Alpha & Beta(useful vocab)
• Alpha: programs and platforms that are in early development, and are still highly error/crash-prone. Usually alpha programs are released to a limited audience who agree to provide feedback.
• Beta: programs that are still in development, but released to a wider audience. These programs may not have full functionality, but are meant to be relatively error-free.
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The choices you make regarding platforms are an
essential part of your documentation and your
scholarly output.
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On with the tools!
• Display (Scalar, Omeka)
• Mapping/GIS tools(Google Tools, CartoDB, Neatline, Quantum GIS, ArcGIS)
• Data visualization (Prism, MIT Simile, Google Fusion, Gephi)
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Display Tools
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Scalar (Free)
Scalar (free)
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Pros
• Free Web-based• Unique in its capability for
creating non-linear paths.• Customizable• Supported by investment and
use of multiple organizations.• Actively expanding cross-
platform functionality with other tools.
• Requires you to host material on the Scalar website.
• Documentation is still being created
• Export functionality exists, but is unwieldy
• (Somewhat) dependent on continued funding.
Cons
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Omeka (free/cheap)
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Pros• Available free (if you have
your own server), or hosted for a small fee ($49 annually).
• Robust functionality, full documentation available.
• User-friendly interface• Compatible with Neatline
GIS suite.• Large community of
individual and institutionally-based users.
• Works best with data that is a mixture of images and texts (i.e., it’s less effective for data analysis projects)
• New features are released while in development, and may still be buggy at first
• (Somewhat) dependent on continued funding
Cons
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Mapping Tools
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Google-based Mapping Tools
• Google Maps (support ends in January 2016)
• Community Walk (runs on Google Maps Engine API) http://www.communitywalk.com
• Google Earth Pro (free as of January 2015; limited support for third-party apps)
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Quantum GIS (free)
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Pros• Has all the functionality of
ArcGIS in an open-source format
• No ads
• Robust functionality
• Compatible with Google Earth (unclear how long this will last)
• Large user community
• Not compatible with ArcGIS (i.e., very difficult to import/export between the platforms)
• Shorter development history (displays typical open source bugginess)
Cons
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ArcGIS (free / super-premium)
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Pros
• It does EVERYTHING you could want a mapping program to do.
• Robust functionality
• Free (no ads) web-based version available through arcgis.com
• Downloadable version is expensive! ($$$$ annually)
• Web-based free version requires you to make content public/accessible to all other ArcGIS users
Cons
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Neatline (free)
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Pros
• Allows tracking and display of points in space and time
• Creates flexible custom timelines, maps
• Highly compatible with Omeka
• Not standalone (i.e., you need to be working with Omeka in order to run it)
• Still in development (but generally well-supported)
Cons
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MIT Simile Widgets (free)
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Pros
• Free!
• Easy to use for group collaboration
• Web-based or locally hosted
• Highly customizable• Data can be stored in
GoogleDoc
• Open access and always in development (stability issues)
• Requires HTML, more programming skill for customization
• Documentation is spotty
Cons
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Google Fusion Tables (free)
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Pros
• Simple to set up and highly portable – based on Google Doc spreadsheet data
• Lots of flexibility in terms of visualizations (maps, charts, graphs, histograms, etc.)
• Easy to use for group collaboration
Cons
• The more data you have, the more effective it is.
• Low levels of support
• It could eventually be abandoned (like other Google projects)
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Gephi (free)
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Pros• Free!
• Works with data that you create yourself (from any source), or download from sites like Facebook
• Will produce complex visualizations if you devote time to learning how to structure your data
• How-to posts available from various sources online.
• Intermediate learning curve: requires time and experimentation to produce sophisticated visualizations
• Occasional compatibility conflicts with various Apple OS releases.
Cons
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Just a few of the many places you can check for tools:
http://dirt.projectbamboo.org/
http://digitalhumanities.org/answers/
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Choosing between free, cheap, and premium
• Will paying for a cheap version of a tool allow you better backup/export/sharing functionality?
• Will paying for a cheap/premium version of a tool allow you to show it to others when you’re going on the job market?
• Does your local/academic library have the tool available? (Can you ask them to purchase it?)
• Can you ask for a non-profit/educational account and get a discount?
• Are there any open-source versions available with similar functionality?
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Using (new) digital tools means that you
will inevitably need help at some point.
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Learning how to ask for help is important.
Learning how to Google for it is vital.
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In the end, you are only as good as your data
set and your platform.
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While there are many different digital platforms you can use, in
the end, all tools are visualization tools.
Flashback: Slide #2
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“Even something as simple as colour scheme can have a marked impact on the perceived credibility of information presented visually - often a considerably more marked impact than the actual authority of the data source.” –John Burn-Murdoch, “Why you should never trust a data visualisation”, The Guardian, 7/24/13
The Dangers of Data Visualizations
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https://litvisuals.wordpress.com/2011/06/13/pride-and-prejudice/
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Further reading on dataviz critiques
• Annie Swafford on Matthew Jockers’ Syuzhet Package: https://annieswafford.wordpress.com/2015/03/02/syuzhet/
• Robert Kosara on “Visualization Criticism: The Missing Link Between Information Visualization and Art: http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/vaccine/assets/pdfs/publications/pdf/Visualization%20Criticism.pdf
• Critiques (and resources) at The Digital Panopticon: http://www.digitalpanopticon.org/?page_id=216
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Using tools doesn’t make you a digital
scholar – the critical thinking does.
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(But what about pretty/shiny websites?)
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User experience/interface
design is its own complex field.
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(Flashy content isn’t everything – but it’s not
nothing, either.)
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Graphic design tools in the Adobe Creative
Suite can help with this.(Creative Suite is available on Lyons
Media Lab machines)
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Lynda.com (also available in Lyons) provides tutorials for working with CS tools, and
for graphic design in general.
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Graphic/Info Design resources• Go: A Kidd’s Guide to Graphic Design (Chip Kidd)
• Designing the Editorial Experience: A Primer for Print, Web, and Mobile (Sue Apfelbaum, Juliette Cezzar)
• Visual Display of Quantitative Information; Envisioning Information; Visual Explanations; Beautiful Evidence (Edward Tufte)
• Look around you – notice designs that are appealing to you, and think about why.
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Graphic/info design may be most useful for
poster presentations – but posters can be a significant contact
point.
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What can the Sherman Centre do to help?
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The Sherman Centre can…• Provide access to a wide range of non-free tools at 3 high-
powered workstations
• Help you think through questions of which platform to use; and how to plan a learning agenda
• Connect you with other people with similar interests and potential collaborators
• Provide opportunities for you to speak about your work/project to larger audiences
• Help you think about how your project fits into your larger career/research agenda
• Offer support through annual graduate fellowships
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What do you need, as possible practitioners of digital scholarship?
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Thank you for attending this year’s Demystifying Digital Scholarship series!