Demographic transition
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Transcript of Demographic transition
![Page 1: Demographic transition](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062514/55851855d8b42aff298b507e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Demographic Transition -
REDUX
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Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)
RNI = Crude Birth Rate (CBR) – Crude Death Rate (CDR)
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Stage 1Preindustrial•High birth and death rates•Low rate of natural increase (RNI)•Socioeconomic factors:
• Short life expectancy•People have more kids to increase survival of some children
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Stage 2Early Industrial•High birth rate; death rate starts declining•High rate of natural increase (RNI)•Socioeconomic factors:
• Increasing life expectancy as death rate declines•Medical advances, sanitation improvements, access to food and clean water
![Page 6: Demographic transition](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062514/55851855d8b42aff298b507e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Stage 3 Late Industrial•Birth rate starts declining; death rate continues to decline•Declining rate of natural increase (RNI)•Socioeconomic factors:
• Social changes as people realize don’t need large families•Population growth starts to decline as result
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Stage 4 Post Industrial•Birth rates and death rates both low•Low rate of natural increase (RNI)•Socioeconomic factors:
• Access of education and employment for women is associated with low birth rates, as is a higher standard of living.
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Rate of Natural Increase
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The Result
The country will transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.
The RNI transitions from low, high, declining, to low.
The population of a country transitions from low at the start of the demographic transition to high at the end.
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Summary
The demographic transition explains the transition of a population from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.
The changes we see are a result of urbanization and industrialization.
The two big socioeconomic changes are: Technological advances – drops in death rates
showing everywhere. Changes in social customs resulting in declining
birth rates…still waiting.