Delta Motion to Dismiss and Brief

8/20/2019 Delta Motion to Dismiss and Brief

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KN SA@ PNKS@C RSGS@R CKRSYKBS BEPYS LEY SA@

NEYSA@YN CKRSYKBS EL S@QGR, CGOOGR CK\KRKEN

BENR@Y\GSKEN LEYB@, CGOOGR

RGLGYK BOPI, AEPRSEN RGLGYK BOPI,Ber`y JNEXOSEN, ta` BGD]LKY@

GRREBKGSKEN, gnc ta` SGNVGNKG

APNSKNH E]@YGSEYR GRREBKGSKEN,

]ogkntkll s,

v.

C@OSG GKY OKN@R, KNB.,

C`l`ncgnt .

§

§§

§§

§

§§

§

§§

§

§

§§

§

NE. 2670-B\-=2231-D

C@L@NCGNS C@OSG GKY OKN@R, KNB.‛R

DESKEN SE CKRDKRR LEY LGKOPY@ SE RSGS@ G BOGKD

Se ta` Aenergio` Beurt6

C`l`ncgnt C`otg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. r`sp`btluooy dev`s te cksdkss ta` bedpogknt (@BL 7)

unc`r L`c`rgo Yuo` el Bkvko ]reb`cur` 79(i)(


2/112

9

2) Beunt Sar`` el ta` bedpogknt lgkos i`bgus` Benhr`ss ckc net br`gt` g prkvgt` rkhat

el gbtken unc`r 3; P.R.B. § 33877(g)(3) gnc i`bgus` Còtg aeocs g b`rtklkbgt` el puiokb

benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty gutaerkzknh kt te ep`rgt` i`tw``n Gtogntg, Hèrhkg, gnc Feagnn`siurh,

Reuta Glrkbg, wakba ler`boes`s ]ogkntklls‛ bogkd unc`r 3; P.R.B. § 377=7(g)(7).

Ler goo el ta` r`gsens stgt`c kn ta` gbbedpgnyknh irk`l, Còtg r`sp`btluooy gsjs ta` Beurt

te cksdkss ta` bedpogknt wkta pr`fuckb`.

CGS@C6 C`b`di`r 97, 9=70 Y`sp`btluooy suidktt`c,

/s/ Yuss Lgoben`r UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

Yussòo A. Lgoben`rRIN 93=


3/112

2

B@YSKLKBGS@ EL R@Y\KB@

K a`rìy b`rtkly tagt en C`b`di`r 97, 9=70, g tru` gnc berr`bt bepy el ta` ler`heknh

cebud`nt wgs s`rv`c vkg ta` BD/@BL syst`d upen goo beunsò el r`berc.

/s/ Yuss Lgoben`r

Yussòo A. Lgoben`r

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 7= Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 2 el 2 ]gh`KC 0=


4/112

KN SA@ PNKS@C RSGS@R CKRSYKBS BEPYS LEY SA@

NEYSA@YN CKRSYKBS EL S@QGR, CGOOGR CK\KRKEN

BENR@Y\GSKEN LEYB@, CGOOGRRGLGYK BOPI, AEPRSEN RGLGYK BOPI,

Ber`y JNEXOSEN, ta` BGD]LKY@GRREBKGSKEN, gnc ta` SGNVGNKGAPNSKNH E]@YGSEYR GRREBKGSKEN,

]ogkntkll s,

v.


C`l`ncgnt .

§§§

§§§§§§§§§§§

§§

NE. 2670-B\-=2231-D

C@L@NCGNS C@OSG GKY OKN@R, KNB.‛R IYK@L KN RP]]EYS EL KSR

DESKEN SE CKRDKRR LEY LGKOPY@ SE RSGS@ G BOGKD

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 7 el 2< ]gh`KC 09


5/112

k

SGIO@ EL BENS@NSR

]gh`

K NSYECPBSKEN ................................................................................................................................ 7

IGBJHYEPNC .................................................................................................................................. 7

GYHPD@NS ...................................................................................................................................... 3

K. Còtg‛s peokby el r`lusknh te bgrry trepay jkoos gs bgrhe ce`s net vkeogt`gny bedden-ogw cuty............................................................................................. 3

KK. Sa` Gkrokn` C`r`huogtken Gbt el 7;81 pr``dpts ]ogkntklls‛ stgt`-ogw bogkdler tertkeus knt`rl`r`nb` wkta iuskn`ss rògtkens. .................................................... ;

KKK. ]ogkntklls bgnnet stgt` g bogkd unc`r 3; P.R.B. § 377=7(g)(7) i`bgus`

Còtg aeocs g b`rtklkbgt` el puiokb benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty. ............................. 79

K\. Benhr`ss ckc net br`gt` g prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken te `nlerb` 3; P.R.B.§ 3727=(g) gnc § 33877(g)(3). .............................................................................. 73

G. N`kta`r § 33877(g)(3) ner § 3727=(g) br`gt`s g l`c`rgo rkhat. .................. 78

I. Benhr`ss ckc net knt`nc te br`gt` g prkvgt` r`d`cy unc`r `kta`r§ 33877(g)(3) er § 3727=(g). ..................................................................... 71

7. Benhr`ss prevkc`c eta`r r`d`ck`s ler ta` `nlerb`d`nt el§ 3727=(g) gnc § 33877(g)(3). ...................................................... 7;

9. Benhr`ss `xpr`ssoy br`gt`c g prkvgt` r`d`cy te `nlerb` gckll`r`nt prevksken el ta` L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt. ........................... 99

BENBOPRKEN .................................................................................................................................. 90

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 9 el 2< ]gh`KC 02


6/112

SGIO@ EL GPSAEYKSK@R

]gh`(s)

Bgs`s

G.K.I. @xpr`ss, Knb. v. L`c@x Berp.,201 L. Rupp. 9c 92; (R.C.N.[. 9==3)......................................................................................77

Gbj`rsen v. I`gn Cr`chknh OOB ,01; L.2c 7;< (0ta Bkr. 9==;) ...................................................................................................90

GBEYN v. Lewo`r ,781 L.2c 20= (0ta Bkr. 7;;;) .....................................................................................................2

Gcjkns v. Rogt`r ,9;1 [email protected] 92< (X. \g. 7;19) ...................................................................................................8

Gkr Srgnsp. Gss‛n el Gd., Knb. v. Buede,09= L.2c 971 (9c Bkr. 9==1).....................................................................................................79

Gjren, Bgnten & [eunhstewn Y.Y. Be. v. K.B.B.,


7/112


(bentknu`c)]gh`(s)

kkk

I.F. Gogn Be. v. K.B.B.,1;8 L.9c 0


8/112


(bentknu`c)]gh`(s)

kv

Lr``dgn v. Lga`y,283 L.2c


9/112


(bentknu`c)]gh`(s)

v

Dgss. Dut. Okl` Kns. Be. v. Yuss`oo ,382 P.R. 723 (7;10) ...........................................................................................................97, 99

DbBgsognc v. Bkty el Bgstrevkoo`,073 L. Gpp‛x 33< (0ta Bkr. 9=72) ............................................................................................93

Dkcco`s`x Bnty. R`w`rgh` Guta. v. Ngt‛o R`g Bogdd`rs Gss‛n,302 P.R. 7 (7;17) .....................................................................................................................9=

De. ]gb. Y. Be. v. Ogrgi`` Loeur Dkoos Be.,977 P.R.


10/112


(bentknu`c)]gh`(s)

vk

Rpknn`r v. \`rirkch`,790 L. Rupp. 9c 30 (@.C.N.[. 9===) .......................................................................................92

Rtgtognc v. Gd. Gkrokn`s, Knb.,;;1 L.9c 02; (8ta Bkr. 7;;2) ...................................................................................................78

Saedgs v. S`x. C`p‛t el Brkd. Fustkb`,9;8 L.2c 2


11/112


(bentknu`c)]gh`(s)

vkk

[erj Be. v. B`nt. Y.Y.,8= P.R. (2 Xgoo.) 7=8 (71


12/112


(bentknu`c)]gh`(s)

vkkk

Y`huogtkens

73 B.L.Y. § 212.9 ...........................................................................................................................9=

73 B.L.Y. § 72.2=0 .........................................................................................................................9=

Eta`r Gutaerktk`s

CES Erc`r 9=70-7= (Fgn. 70, 9=70) ..............................................................................................9=

CES Erc`r 9=73-7=-73 (Ebt. 78, 9=73) .......................................................................................9=

LGG Bgs` Ne. 9=79X]20==90 (L`i. 77, 9=70) ..........................................................................9=

LGG Bgs` Ne. 9==;@G8==079 (R`pt. 2=, 9=72) ...........................................................................9=

Sr`gtks`s

72 Gd. Fur. 9c Bgrrk`rs § 91; .........................................................................................................<

RGPO REYJKN, 7 HEECR K N SYGNRKS § 7.=7Z7TZiT ............................................................................<

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` ; el 2< ]gh`KC


13/112

KNSYECPBSKEN

Sa` bedpogknt kn taks bgs` r`gcs der` okj` g pr`ss rò`gs` tagn g po`gcknh. Knst`gc el

c`tgkoknh ta` ep`rgtkv` lgbts er `xpogknknh ta` hev`rnknh ogw, ]ogkntklls dgj` o`nhtay puiokb-

peokby grhud`nts gieut ta` bens`rvgtken i`n`lkts el trepay auntknh. Xagt`v`r ta` d`rkts el

taes` grhud`nts dkhat i`, ta`y ce netaknh te `stgioksa tagt Còtg ks o`hgooy eiokhgt`c te gbb`pt

gnc bgrry gs bgrhe trepak`s lred ta` jkooknh el ikh hgd`.

Goo tar`` el ]ogkntklls‛ bogkds sull̀ r lred lgtgo gnc knburgio` logws. ]ogkntklls‛ bogkd

unc`r ta` l`c`rgo bedden ogw lgkos i`bgus` ta` lgbts gs po`gc`c kn ta` bedpogknt ce net `stgioksa

tagt Còtg ags ir`gba`c gny el kts l`c`rgo bedden-ogw cutk`s gs g bedden bgrrk`r. Sa` Gkrokn`

C`r`huogtken Gbt el 7;81 pr``dpts ]ogkntklls‛ stgt`-ogw bogkd ler tertkeus knt`rl`r`nb` wkta

iuskn`ss rògtkens. Gnc ]ogkntklls‛ stgtutery bogkds lgko ler twe r`gsens6 Benhr`ss ckc net br`gt`

g prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken unc`r Skto` 3;, Ruitkto` \KK el ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s Bec` (beddenoy

r`l`rr`c te gs ta` L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt) sgv` ler g sknho` prevksken, gnc ]ogkntklls agv` net

po`gc`c gny lgbts te suhh`st tagt Còtg ags vkeogt`c tagt prevksken.

Kn saert, ]ogkntklls s``j te irknh bogkds ta`y ce net agv` kn g lerud ta`y bgnnet gbb`ss te

`nlerb` cutk`s tagt ce net `xkst. Ler ta`s` r`gsens, gnc gs `xpogkn`c der` luooy iòew, Còtg

r`sp`btluooy gsjs ta` Beurt te cksdkss ta` bedpogknt unc`r L`c`rgo Yuo` el Bkvko ]reb`cur`

79(i)(


14/112

9

tar`` erhgnkzgtkens waes` d`di`rs gr` aunt`rs, en` erhgnkzgtken waes` d`di`rs gr` Sgnzgnkgn

teur ep`rgters, gnc en` erhgnkzgtken waes` d`di`rsakp ks o`ss bo`gr iut bogkds te r`pr`s`nt ta`

knt`r`sts el beddunktk`s kn Vkdigiw`, kc. ¼¼ 72‒71–s``j te lerb` C`otg te bgrry trepay jkoos gs

bgrhe. Kc. ¼ 79: s`` gose kc. gt 9


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2

erhgnkzgtkens, gny agrd ta`kr baekb`s bgus` ]ogkntklls ks net gbtkengio` kn taks ogwsukt6 kt ks w`oo

s`tto`c tagt gn knfury tagt ks ‟ta` r`suot el ta` knc`p`nc`nt gbtken el sed` takrc pgrty net i`ler`

ta` beurt— ks net ‟lgkroy trgb`gio` te ta` bagoo`nh`c gbtken el ta` c`l`ncgnt.— Grkz. Barkstkgn Rba.

Suktken Erh. v. Xknn, 02< P.R. 790, 723 (9=77) (irgbj`ts edktt`c) (quetknh Oufgn v. C`l`nc`rs

el Xkocokl`, 0=3 P.R. 000, 0


16/112

3

GYHPD@NS

Sa` Beurt saeuoc cksdkss ta` bedpogknt i`bgus` kt lgkos te stgt` g bogkd upen wakba r`ok`l

bgn i` hrgnt`c. R`` L`c Y. Bkv. ]. 79(i)(


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0

gbb`pt ler sakpd`nt, se oenh gs ta` bgrrk`r gppok`s taes` okdkts `qugooy gnc `v`nagnc`coy te goo

busted`rs. Sagt ks pr`bksòy wagt Còtg ags cen` a`r`. Còtg‛s peokby el r`lusknh te bgrry trepay

jkoos gs bgrhe gppok`s en ta` sgd` t`rds te `v`ry weuoc-i` sakpp`r. Ler taks r`gsen, ta` lgbts

goo`h`c kn ta` bedpogknt ce net dgj` eut g vkeogtken el gny behnkzgio` bedden-ogw cuty.

G bedden bgrrk`r ks gny bgrrk`r tagt ‟ags aòc ktsòl eut te ta` puiokb gs i`knh wkooknh te

trgnspert p`rsens er prep`rty ler bedp`nsgtken, te ta` `xt`nt tagt kts lgbkoktk`s p`rdkt.— Xeeos`y

v. N.S.R.I., ;;2 L.9c 07


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<

prevkc`c iy ogw.— 3; P.R.B. § 3=79=(b). Kn Rgd O. Dgfers F`wò`rs v. GIQ, Knb., ta` Lklta

Bkrbukt aòc tagt taks sgvknhs bogus` pr`s`rv`s g sdgoo, cksbr`t` s`t el bgus`s el gbtken ghgknst gkr

bgrrk`rs unc`r l̀ c`rgo bedden ogw. 778 L.2c ;99, ;91 (0ta Bkr. 7;;8).9

R`btken 3=79=(b) enoy sgv`s bedden-ogw bgus`s el gbtken tagt agc i``n ‟bo`groy

`stgioksa`c— iy 7;81: ta` GCG‛s erkhkngo sgvknhs bogus` pr`s`rv`c ‟r`d`ck`s new `xkstknh gt

bedden ogw,— gnc kt ‟wgs r`-`ngbt`c wktaeut suistgntkv` bagnh` gs 3; P.R.B. § 3=79=(b).— Rgd

O. Dgfers F`wò`rs, 778 L.2c gt ;91 & n.72 (̀ dpagsks gcc`c). R`btken 3=79=(b) ce`s net

gutaerkz` ta` br`gtken el n`w bedden-ogw bgus`s el gbtken. R`` Dussen Sa`gtrkbgo, Knb. v. L`c.

@xp. Berp., 1; L.2c 7933, 7909 (


19/112

8

Kn lgbt, ta` bedden ogw ags gowgys hkv`n bedden bgrrk`rs ta` rkhat te ‟c`okn`gt` wagt

ta`y wkoo bgrry— gnc ‟bgrry enoy g okdkt`c bogss el bgrhe.— C`otg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. v. Bkvko

G`rengutkbs Ic., 032 L.9c 938, 90; (C.B. Bkr. 7;8


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1

sakpd`nt beuoc net r`lus` te gbb`pt igo`s el betten t`nc`r`c iy pogkntkll). Iut taks `qugo-

tr`gtd`nt prknbkpo` ckc net preakikt g bedden bgrrk`r lred r`lusknh te bgrry b`rtgkn typ`s er

bgt`herk`s el bgrhe se oenh gs tagt r`lusgo wgs dgc` ‟kn i`agol el sakpp`rs h`n`rgooy.— De. ]gb.

Y., 977 P.R. gt


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;

KK. Sa` Gkrokn` C`r`huogtken Gbt el 7;81 pr``dpts ]ogkntklls‛ stgt`-ogw bogkd ler

tertkeus knt`rl`r`nb` wkta iuskn`ss rògtkens.

Sa` Beurt saeuoc cksdkss Beunt Swe el ta` bedpogknt gs pr``dpt`c iy l`c`rgo ogw.

Ikncknh Lklta Bkrbukt pr`b`c`nt aeocs tagt ta` Gkrokn` C`r`huogtken Gbt el 7;81 pr``dpts g bogkd

ler tertkeus ‟knt`rl`r`nb` wkta iuskn`ss rògtkens— kl ta` bogkd knveov`s gny el gn gkrokn`‛s

‟s`rvkb`s te busted`rs.— Oyn-O`g Srgvò Berp. v. Gd. Gkrokn`s, Knb., 912 L.2c 919, 911 (0ta Bkr.

9==9). Bgrrkgh` el bgrhe ks en` el gn gkrokn`‛s s̀ rvkb`s te kts busted`rs. Gbbercknhoy, ta` GCG

pr``dpts ]ogkntklls‛ bogkd ler tertkeus knt`rl`r`nb` wkta iuskn`ss rògtkens.

Pp untko 7;81, ta` gkrokn` kncustry wgs a`gvkoy r`huogt`c, `ss`ntkgooy lunbtkenknh gs g

best-pous r`huogt`c eokhepeoy. Pnc`r ta` L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt el 7;01, gkrokn`s w`r` r`qukr`c te

lko` tgrklls wkta ta` Bkvko G`rengutkbs Iegrc okstknh ta`kr reut`s, prkb`s, s`rvkb`s, gs wòo gs t`rds

gnc bencktkens el s`rvkb`, gnc ta`y w`r` preakikt`c ‟lred bagrhknh er beoo`btknh rgt`s er

prevkcknh s`rvkb`s wakba vgrk`c lred ta`kr tgrklls.— Rgd O. Dgfers F`wò`rs, 778 L.2c gt ;98.

Gs net`c giev`, Benhr`ss `ngbt`c ta` Gkrokn` C`r`huogtken Gbt kn 7;81 wkta ta` hego el

‟`ncZknhT l`c`rgo `benedkb r`huogtken el bedd`rbkgo gvkgtken— gnc ‟predetZknhT bedp`tktken

wktakn ta` gkrokn` kncustry.— Gd. Gkrokn`s, Knb. v. C`p‛t el Srgnsp., 9=9 L.2c 811, 1=0 (0ta Bkr.

9===). Se i` sur`, gkrokn`s r`dgkn suif`bt te `xt`nskv` r`huogtken iy ta` LGG en dgtt`rs el

sgl`ty, iy ta` Srgnspertgtken R`burkty Gcdknkstrgtken en s`burkty-rògt`c dgtt`rs, gnc iy ta`

CES en dgtt`rs rògtknh te bensud`r pret`btken. Iut ta` Gkrokn` C`r`huogtken Gbt gieoksa`c ta`

Bkvko G`rengutkbs Iegrc gnc kts a`gvy-agnc`c gutaerkty te ckbtgt` gn ‟gkr bgrrk`r‛s rgt`s, ruo`s,

gnc prgbtkb`s.— Rgd O. Dgfers F`wò`rs, 778 L.2c gt ;9;. Sa` GCG r`lo`bts Benhr`ss‛s

fuchd`nt tagt ‟`llkbk`nby, knnevgtken, oew prkb`s, vgrk`ty, gnc qugokty— kn ta` gkrokn` kncustry gr`

i`tt`r ‟predet`c iy ròkgnb` en bedp`tktkv` dgrj`t lerb`s rgta`r tagn p`rvgskv` l`c`rgo

r`huogtken.— Aech`s v. Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb., 33 L.2c 223, 220 (0ta Bkr. 7;;0) (`n ignb).

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 71 el 2< ]gh`KC


22/112

7=

‟Se `nsur` tagt ta` Rtgt`s weuoc net unce l`c`rgo c`r`huogtken wkta r`huogtken el ta`kr

ewn,— Benhr`ss knbouc`c g pr``dptken prevksken kn ta` GCG. Dergo`s v. Srgns Xeroc Gkrokn`s,

0=3 P.R. 283, 281 (7;;9). Sa` GCG‛s pr``dptken prevksken preakikts ta` stgt`s lred `ngbtknh

gny ‟ogw, r`huogtken, er eta`r prevksken agvknh ta` lerb` gnc `ll`bt el ogw r`ogt`c te g prkb`,

reut`, er s`rvkb` el gn gkr bgrrk`r.— 3; P.R.B. § 37872(i)(7). ‟Sa` Rupr`d` Beurt ags

knt`rpr`t`c ta` pr``dptkv` `ll`bt el ta` GCG iregcoy.— Enea v. Nw. Gkrokn`s, Knb.,


23/112

77

Gn gkrokn`‛s bgrrkgh` el bgrhe (er r`lusgo te bgrry bgrhe) ks g ‟s`rvkb`— wktakn ta` d`gnknh

el § 37872(i)(7). Aech`s, 33 L.2c gt 228 (ta` t`rd ‟gkr s`rvkb`— knbouc`s te ‟ta` peknt-te-peknt

trgnspertgtken— el ‟bgrhe—). Sa` Lklta Bkrbukt ags `xpogkn`c tagt ta` t`rd ‟s`rvkb`— knbouc`s gny

‟igrhgkn`c-ler er gntkbkpgt`c prevksken el ogier lred en` pgrty te gneta`r— tagt ks ‟n`b`ssgrkoy

knbouc`c— kn ta` bentrgbt i`tw``n gkrokn` gnc ta` busted`r. Kc. gt 22


24/112

79

trepak`s ler trgnspert.— Bedpo gt 98, ¼ 3. Sa`r` ks ne bo`gr`r bgnckcgt` ler pr``dptken tagn g

stgt` ogw ‟r`qukrknh gkrokn`s te prevkc`— g sp`bklkb s`rvkb`. R`` Gkr Srgnsp. Gss‛n el Gd., Knb. v.

Buede, 09= L.2c 971, 992 (9c Bkr. 9==1) (p`r burkgd).

C`otg ags dgc` g iuskn`ss c`bksken te step bgrryknh trepay jkoos gs bgrhe. Eta`r bgrrk`rs

gr` lr`` te dgj` g ckll`r`nt c`bksken (gnc sed` agv`, s`` Bedpo. ¼¼ 22, 2


25/112

72

Skto` 3; P.R.B. § 3


26/112

73

iy ta` Iegrc Znew, ta` CEST.— Kc. Sa` ckstrkbt beurt ta`r`ler` cksdkss`c ta` bedpogknt en ta`

hreunc tagt g prkvgt` pogkntkll‛s ‟`xbouskv` r`d`cZyT ler . . . ir`gba el ta` cutk`s kdpes`c iy

b`rtklkbgt`s— ks te p`tktken ta` gppreprkgt` l`c`rgo gh`nby. Kc. gt 102.

Saus, ta` sbep` el ta` prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken br`gt`c iy § 3


27/112

70

ep`rgtknh b`rtklkbgt`). Sa` Lklta Bkrbukt ags ‟r`p`gt`coy a`oc tagt vgrkeus prevkskens el ta`

ZGkrokn` C`r`huogtken GbtT ce net hkv` rks` te kdpok`c prkvgt` rkhats el gbtken kn lgver el

knckvkcugo pgss`nh`rs er eta`r bensud`rs.— Bgsgs, 2=3 L.2c gt 099 n.8. Sa` ogbj el g prkvgt`

rkhat el gbtken ks lgtgo te ]ogkntklls‛ bogkds unc`r § 3727=(g) gnc § 33877(g)(3).

G prkvgt` pogkntkll ags ta` rkhat te irknh sukt unc`r g l`c`rgo stgtut` enoy kl Benhr`ss

br`gt`c tagt rkhat. Go`xgnc`r v. Rgncevgo , 029 P.R. 980, 91< (9==7) (bktknh Seuba` Yess & Be.

v. Y`cknhten, 339 P.R. 0


28/112

7<

Bert , 399 P.R. gt 81. @v`ry bgus` el gbtken bentgkns twe knhr`ck`nts6 ‟g prkvgt` rkhat — gnc ‟g

prkvgt` r`d`cy.— Henzghg Pnkv. v. Ce`, 02< P.R. 982, 913 (9==9) (quetknh Rgncevgo , 029 P.R.

gt 91


29/112

78

saeuoc i` kdpok`c.— Oev` v. C`otg Gkr Okn`s, 27= L.2c 7238, 7202 (77ta Bkr. 9==9): s`` gose

Rgncevgo , 029 P.R. gt 911 (‟o`hgo bent`xt dgtt`rs enoy te ta` `xt`nt kt bogrklk`s t`xt—).

Rgncevgo ieta r`lo`bt`c gnc gbb`o`rgt`c ta` l`c`rgo beurts‛ enheknh ‟r`tr`gtZT lred Zta`krT

pr`vkeus wkooknhn`ss te kdpoy g bgus` el gbtken wa`r` Benhr`ss ags net prevkc`c en`.— R``

Berr. R`rvs. Berp. v. Dgo`sje, 023 P.R.


30/112

71

p`rsen, pogb`, pert, er typ` el trgllkb kn ler`khn gkr trgnspertgtken te unr`gsengio`

cksbrkdkngtken.— Saks prevksken, tee, gccr`ss̀ s ktsòl te ta` gkrokn`s waes` bencubt kt r`huogt`s.

Kt ks tru` tagt § 3727=(g) kc`ntklk`s p`rsens trgvòknh kn ler`khn gkr trgnspertgtken gs kts pet`ntkgo

i`n`lkbkgrk`s. Iut ta` stgtut` ‟ks lrgd`c kn t`rds el ta` eiokhgtkens kdpes`c en ta` r`huogt`c

pgrty:— ler`khn trgvò`rs gr` ‟r`l`r`nb`c enoy gs gn eif`bt el tagt eiokhgtken.— R`` Oehgn v. P.R.

Ignj Ngt‛o Gss‛n, 899 L.2c 77


31/112

7;

gny eta`r prevksken el ta` stgtut`. Kn ta` bgs` el ta` L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt, ieta el taes` l`gtur`s

peknt te ta` sgd` benbousken6 Benhr`ss ckc net knt`nc te gutaerkz` bkvko gbtkens iy prkvgt`

pogkntklls unc`r § 3727=(g) gnc § 33877(g)(3). Saks lgbter, tee, ks ckspesktkv` iy ktsòl. R``, `.h.,

Bgoklernkg, 307 P.R. gt 9;8 (‟ta` lebus el ta` knqukry ks en wa`ta`r Benhr`ss knt`nc`c te br`gt` g

r`d`cy—): Bgsgs, 2=3 L.2c gt 099 (ta` ‟teubasten` el ta` Bert gngoysks ks kts s`benc lgbter—).0

7. Benhr`ss prevkc`c eta`r r`d`ck`s ler ta` `nlerb`d`nt el § 3727=(g) gnc

§ 33877(g)(3).

Sa` lkrst l`gtur` el g stgtutery r`d`ckgo sba`d` tagt ks rò`vgnt te ta` prkvgt`-rkhat-el-

gbtken gngoysks ks wa`ta`r Benhr`ss br`gt`c eta`r r`d`ck`s ler vkeogtkens el ta` stgtutery

prevksken(s) gt kssu`. Sa` `xkst`nb` el gn got`rngtkv` r`d`ckgo sba`d` strenhoy suhh`sts tagt

Benhr`ss ckc net knt`nc te br`gt` g prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken. ‟ZKTt ks gn ò`d`ntgo bgnen el

stgtutery benstrubtken tagt wa`r` g stgtut` `xpr`ssoy prevkc`s g pgrtkbuogr r`d`cy er r`d`ck`s, g

beurt dust i` bagry el r`gcknh eta`rs knte kt.— Srgnsgd`rkbg Derthgh` Gcvksers, Knb. (SGDG) v.

O`wks, 333 P.R. 77, 7; (7;8;). Ler taks r`gsen, wa`r` g stgtut` bentgkns ‟ògiergt` `nlerb`d`nt

prevkskens kt bgnnet i` gssud`c tagt Benhr`ss knt`nc`c te gutaerkz` iy kdpokbgtken gccktkengo

fuckbkgo r`d`ck`s ler prkvgt` bktkz`ns.— Dkcco`s`x Bnty. R`w`rgh` Guta. v. Ngt‛o R`g Bogdd`rs

Gss‛n, 302 P.R. 7, 73 (7;17).

Sa` L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt bentgkns gn ògiergt` gnc bedprà`nskv` sba`d` el

gcdknkstrgtkv` gnc fuckbkgo r`d`ck`s. Rp`bklkbgooy, ta` Gbt br`gt`s gn `nlerb`d`nt sba`d` unc`r

wakba § 3727=(g) gnc § 33877(g)(3) dgy i` `nlerb`c kn gny el tar`` wgys, nen` el wakba

0 Sa`r` ks ne n``c te `nhgh` kn g s`pgrgt` prkvgt`-rkhat-el-gbtken gngoysks benb`rnknh ta` goo`hgtkens tagtCòtg‛s `digrhe en auntknh trepay vkeogt`s vgrkeus unsp`bklk`c l`c`rgo r`huogtkens, s`` Bedpo. ¼


32/112

9=

knveov`s g prkvgt` pogkntkll lkoknh sukt kn l`c`rgo ckstrkbt beurt. Sa` bedpr`a`nskv` sba`d` el

gcdknkstrgtkv` gnc fuckbkgo r`d`ck`s tagt Benhr`ss prevkc`c ler ta` `nlerb`d`nt el § 3727=(g)

gnc § 33877(g)(3) c`denstrgt`s tagt Benhr`ss ckc net knt`nc te br`gt` gny gccktkengo r`d`ck`s.

Lkrst, ta` Gbt gooews prkvgt` pogkntklls te s``j r`cr`ss ler g vkeogtken el ta` Gbt iy

bedd`nbknh gn gcdknkstrgtkv` preb``cknh. Rp`bklkbgooy, 3; P.R.B. § 3


33/112

97

dgy i` `nlerb`c vkg g bkvko gbtken kn l`c`rgo ckstrkbt beurt. Sa` CES ‟dgy irknh g bkvko gbtken

ghgknst g p`rsen kn g ckstrkbt beurt el ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s te `nlerb`— ieta § 3727=(g) gnc

§ 33877(g)(3). R`` 3; P.R.B. § 3


34/112

99

Xerj`rs Pnken el Gd., 307 P.R. 88, ;8 (7;17)).

9. Benhr`ss `xpr`ssoy br`gt`c g prkvgt` r`d`cy te `nlerb` g ckll`r`nt prevksken

el ta` L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt.

Sa` s`benc l`gtur` el g stgtut`‛s r`d`ckgo sba`d` tagt ks `sp`bkgooy r`o`vgnt te ta`

`xkst`nb` el gn kdpok`c prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken ks ta` `xkst`nb` el gny `xpr`ss prkvgt` rkhats el

gbtken. Kl Benhr`ss baes` te br`gt` g prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken ler eta`r prevkskens el ta` stgtutery

sba`d` iut net ler ta` prevksken(s) ta` pogkntkll s``js te `nlerb`, taks baekb` w`khas a`gvkoy

ghgknst gny suhh`stken tagt Benhr`ss knt`nc`c te br`gt` g prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken iy kdpokbgtken.

‟Xa`n Benhr`ss ags `stgioksa`c g c`tgko`c `nlerb`d`nt sba`d`, wakba `xpr`ssoy prevkc`s g

prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken ler vkeogtkens el sp`bklkb prevkskens, tagt ks g strenh knckbgtken tagt

Benhr`ss ckc net knt`nc te prevkc` prkvgt` oktkhgnts wkta g d`gns el r`cr`ssknh vkeogtkens el eta`r

s`btkens el ta` Gbt.— Bgsgs, 2=3 L.2c gt 092 (quetknh Ck`l`ntago v. Bkvko G`rengutkbs Ic.,


35/112

92

knt`nc`c prkvgt` gbtken— te `nlerb` eta`r prevkskens el ta` Gbt. R`` SGDG, 333 P.R. gt 9=

(bktgtken edktt`c)).

* * *

Sa`s` twe l`gtur`s el ta` L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt‛s r`d`ckgo sba`d` c`denstrgt` tagt

Benhr`ss ckc net knt`nc te br`gt` iy kdpokbgtken g prkvgt` r`d`cy gooewknh pogkntklls te irknh sukt

kn l`c`rgo beurt ev`r goo`h`c vkeogtkens el § 3727=(g) gnc § 33877(g)(3). Oktto` wenc`r, ta`n,

tagt ta` enoy l`c`rgo beurt `v`r te tgj` up ta` qu`stken benbouc`c ‟tagt ne prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken

`xksts— unc`r § 33877(g). Rpknn`r v. \`rirkch`, 790 L. Rupp. 9c 30, 02 (@.C.N.[. 9===). Kn ta`

sgd` v`kn, nud`reus l`c`rgo beurts agv` benbouc`c tagt ‟s`btken 3727= el ta` GCG ce`s net

prevkc` g prkvgt` bgus` el gbtken.— Grkl Ngqvk v. Surjksa Gkrokn`s, Knb., 1= L. Rupp. 2c 923, 92;

n.8 (C.C.B. 9=70) ((irgbj`ts edktt`c) (quetknh Hkiis v. Gd. Gkrokn`s, Knb., 7;7 L. Rupp. 9c 733,

73< (C.C.B.9==9)): gbberc @ongffgr v. Nw. Gkrokn`s, Knb., Ne. 36=3-bv-


36/112

93

Xagt‛s der`, ta` Lklta Bkrbukt gnc gt o`gst tar`` el kts skst`r bkrbukts agv` benbouc`c tagt

‟3; P.R.B. § 387=8 gnc kts pr`c`b`sser stgtut` ce net br`gt` g prkvgt` rkhat el gbtken ler pgrtk`s

ghhrk`v`c iy goo`h`c cksbrkdkngtken.— DbBgsognc v. Bkty el Bgstrevkoo`, 073 L. Gpp‛x 33


37/112

90

rkhat el gbtken weuoc agv` unc`rdkn`c taks bgr`luooy bgokirgt`c stgtutery c`skhn. Kl prkvgt`

bktkz`ns beuoc irknh sukt kn gny el taks beuntry‛s ;3 l`c`rgo ckstrkbt beurts, gkrokn`s weuoc agv`

i``n suif`bt`c te g r`huogtery ‟pgtbawerj `ll`bt— br`gt`c en g ‟v`rckbt iy v`rckbt— igsks tagt

weuoc agv` c`prkv`c ta`d el ta` r`huogtery unklerdkty gnc pr`ckbtgikokty tagt Benhr`ss seuhat

te prevkc`. Bl. Seikn v. L`c. @xp. Berp., 880 L.2c 331, 300 (7st Bkr. 9=73) (bktknh CkLker` v.

Gd. Gkrokn`s, Knb.,


38/112

9<

CGS@C6 C`b`di`r 97, 9=70 Y`sp`btluooy suidktt`c,

/s/ Yuss Lgoben`r UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUYuss`oo A. Lgoben`rRIN 93=


39/112

98

B@YSKLKBGS@ EL R@Y\KB@

K a`rìy b`rtkly tagt en C`b`di`r 97, 9=70, g tru` gnc berr`bt bepy el ta` ler`heknh

cebud`nt wgs s`rv`c vkg ta` BD/@BL syst`d upen goo beunsò el r`berc.

/s/ Yuss Lgoben`r

Yussòo A. Lgoben`r

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 2< el 2< ]gh`KC 18


40/112

FN SA@

PNKS@C RSGS@R

CKRSYKBS BEPYS LEY SA@

NEYSA@YN CKRSYKBS EL S@QGR, CGOOGR

CK\KRKEN

§

BENR@Y\GSKEN LEYB@, CGOOGR

§

RGLGYK BOPI, AEPRSEN RGLGYK BOPI, §

Ber`y JNEXOSEN, ta` BGD]LKY@

§

GRREBKGSKEN, gnc ta` SGNVGNKG §

APNSKNH E]@YGSEYR GRREBKGSKEN, §

]ogkntklls

v


C`l`ncgnt.

§

§

§

§

§

§

NE. 2670-B\-=2231-D

C@BO Y SKEN EL BKKYKRSE]A@Y G XGOJ@Y

K, Barkstepa`r G. Xgoj`r, dgj` taks c`bogrgtken pursugnt te 91 P.R.B. K 83< gnc a`rìy

c`bogr` ta` leooewknh unc`r p`ngoty el p`rfury.

7

Dy ngd`

ks

Barkstepa`r

G

Xgoj`r. K gd ev`r ta` gh`

el 71

y`grs gnc

bedp`t`nt te dgj` taks c`bogrgtken. Sa` stgt`d`nts kn taks c`bogrgtken gr̀ tru` gnc wktakn

dy p`rsengo jnewo`ch`.

9. K gd g okb`ns`c, prgbtkbknh gttern`y ̀ dpoey`c gt Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. K gd

g Y`hkengo Ckr`bter

el

Y`huogtery gnc Knt`rngtkengo Gllgkrs, gnc K agv` aòc taks pesktken

gt Còtg sknb` Lìrugry 9=72. Gdenh dy cutk`s gt Còtg, K `nsur` tagt ta` gkrokn` ags goo

el ta` n`b`ssgry gutaerkty kssu`c

iy

ta` P.R. C`pgrtd`nt el Srgnspertgtken CES) gnc ta`

L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gcdknkstrgtken LGG)

te

p`rdkt Còtg te ep`rgt` ev`r kts `xkstknh gnc

lutur` reut`s.

2

Gn gkrokn` dgy net bencubt bedd`rbkgo gkr bgrrk`r ep`rgtkens uno`ss ta`

gkrokn` ags r`b`kv`c gdenh eta`r p`rdksskens gnc gpprevgos)6

K)

gn ep`rgtknh b`rtklkbgt`

K

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-7 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 7 el < ]gh`KC 11


41/112

lred ta` LGG, gnc (9) g b`rtklkbgt` el puiokb benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty lred ta` CES.

3

Gs K `xpogkn kn c`tgko kn taks c`bogrgtken, Còtg aeocs ieta el ta`

b`rtklkbgt`s-g CES-kssu`c b`rtklkbgt` el puiokb benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty gnc gn LGG

kssu`c ep`rgtknh b`rtklkbgt`-n`b`ssgry te bencubt sba`cuo`c gkr-bgrrk`r s`rvkb` i`tw``n

Gtogntg, Hèrhkg, gnc Feagnn`siurh, Reuta Glrkbg (wakba K unc`rstgnc te i` ta` reut` tagt

Còtg lo`w kn benn`btken wkta ta` bogkds gt kssu` kn ta` giev`-bgptken`c oktkhgtken).

Ep`rgtknh B`rtklkbgt` Gkr Bgrrk`r B`rtklkbgt`) Kssu`c iy ta` LGG

0 Gn LGG-kssu`c ep`rgtknh b`rtklkbgt̀ benl`rs sgl`ty gnc ep`rgtknh gutaerkty

gnc `stgioksa`s tagt ta` b`rtklkbgt` aeoc`r ks bedp`t`nt, prep`roy gnc gc`qugtòy `qukpp`c,

gnc gio` te ep`rgt` sglòy unc`r gppokbgio` stgtut`s gnc r`huogtkens. I`bgus` gn ep`rgtknh

b`rtklkbgt` gppok`s te gnc gutaerkz`s goo el gn gkrokn`'s ep`rgtkens, gn gkrokn` enoy n``cs te

r`b`kv` en` ep`rgtknh b`rtklkbgt` lred ta` LGG. Sa` typ` elep`rgtknh b`rtklkbgt` tagt Còtg

aeocs ks bgoo`c gn Gkr Bgrrk`r B`rtklkbgt̀ . Iy aeocknh taks b r̀tklkbgt`, Còtg d``ts ta`

r`qukr`d`nts el 3; P.R.B. 3387 o(g)(3).


42/112

B.L Y. § 77;. 8(i . Xkta r`sp`bt te bgrhe, ta` Ep`rgtkens Rp`bklkbgtkens gr` benb`rn`c wkta

sgl`ty-rògt`c dgtt`rs, suba gs gkrbrglt w`khat gnc igognb` (wakba gccr`ss`s pgss`nh`r gnc

bgrhe oebgtkens tareuhaeut ta` gkrbrglt). Aew`v`r, netaknh kn ta` Ep`rgtkens Rp`bklkbgtkens

gccr`ss`s ta` typ`s elbgrhe Còtg dust trgnspert er r`qukr`s Còtg te bgrry g pgrtkbuogr typ`

el bgrhe kl r`qu`st`c iy g pgss`nh`r

er

sakpp`r.

B`rtklkbgt` el ]uiokb Benv`nk`nb` gnc N`b`sskty Kssu`c iy ta` CES

1. G CES-kssu`c b`rtklkbgt` el puiokb benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty benl`rs reut`

gutaerkty gnc `stgioksa`s tagt ta` b`rtklkbgt` aeoc`r ags ta` `benedkb rkhat te `nhgh` kn

be7nd`rbkgo gkr trgnspertgtken ev`r sp`bklk`c reut`s er i`tw``n sp`bklk`c beuntrk`s.

I`bgus` b`rtklkbgt`s el puiokb benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty gr` reut`-

er

ngtken-sp`bklkb, gn

gkrokn` dgy n``c te r`b`kv` dgny ckll`r`nt b`rtklkbgt`s el puiokb benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty

lred ta` CES. Sa`s` b`rtklkbgt`s gooew gn gkr bgrrk`r te prevkc` gkr s`rvkb` kn knt r̀stgt`

dgrj`ts, ev`r sp`bklk`c bkty-pgkr reut`s kn knt`rngtkengo dgrj`ts, er i`tw``n ta` P.R. gnc

eta`r beuntrk`s wktaeut okdkts en ta` peknts i`knh s`rv`c. Iy aeocknh g b`rtklkbgt` elpuiokb

benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty, Cò tg d``ts ta` r`qukr`d`nts el 3; P.R.B. §

37

oEo g) o). ``

3; P.R.B. § 377=9(g)(o) .

;.

Bepk`s el ta` cebud`nts tagt beoo`btkvòy dgj` up Còtg's b`rtklkbgt` el

puiokb benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty te ep`rgt` i`tw``n Gtogntg gnc Feagnn`siurh, gdenh

eta`r bktk`s, gr` gttgba`c te taks c`bogrgtken gs @xakikt I, Gttgbad`nts 7 tareuha 0.

K =. Gttgbad`nt K te @xakikt I saews tagt Còtg

77gs

i``n gwgrc`c ta` gutaerkty

iy ta` CES te prevkc` sba`cuo`c gkr s`rvkb` i`tw``n peknts kn ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s gnc

Feagnn`siurh, Reuta Glrkbg. Còtg lkrst gbqukr`c taks gutaerkty lred ta`n-ignjrupt ]gn

Gd`rkbgn Xeroc Gkrwgys ( ]gn Gd ) kn 7;;7. Sa` CES gpprev`c ta` trgnsl`r el ]gn

- 2 -

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-7 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 2 el < ]gh`KC ;=


43/112

Gd s

trgnsgtogntkb gutaerkty en Yeut`


44/112

Gttgbad`nt 3. Sa` CES ags net y`t ruo`c upen Còtg's p`ncknh gppokbgtken iut ta` reut`

knt`hrgtken gutaerkty r`dgkns `ll`btkv` untko ta` CES ce`s se kn gbbercgnb` wkta 0 P.R.B.

§001(b) gnc ]grt 288 el ta` CES's r`huogtkens (3; B.L.Y. ]grt 288). `` 0 P.R.B. §001(b)

(enb` g tkdòy gnc sullkbk`nt gppokbgtken ler g r`n`wgo ks lko`c, g okb`ns` wkta r`l`r`nb`

te gn gbtkvkty

el

g bentknuknh ngtur` ce`s net `xpkr` untko ta` gppokbgtken ags i``n lkngooy

c`t`rdkn`c

iy

ta` gh`nby ).

73

Lkngooy, Gttgbad`nt 0 te @xakikt I saews tagt Còtg ks gutaerkz`c te loy g

b`rtgkn nudi`r el lokhats `gba w``j i`tw``n Gtogntg gnc Feagnn`siurh. Kn 9==


45/112

gbjnewo`chknh Còtg s ròkgnb` en kts reut` knt`hrgtken gutaerkty te ep`rgt` i`tw``n

Gtogntg gnc Feagnn`siurh `` Gttgbad`nt 0 Saks gutaerkty ks `ll`btkv` ler gn knc`lknkt`

p`rkec.

70 Iy vkrtu`

el

taks bedikngtken

el

CES-kssu`c gutaerkzgtkens, Còtg ags

r`b`kv`c lred ta` CES goo

el

ta` `benedkb gutaerkty kt

n``cs goo el

ta` gutaerkty tagt 3;

P.R.B.

§

37 oEo(g)(o) r`qukr`s- te ell`r te ta` puiokb lokhats i`tw``n Gtogntg gnc

Feagnn`siurh, suif`bt enoy te ta` okdkt en ta` nudi`r el w``joy lokhats Còtg ks p`rdktt`c

te

ep`rgt` i`tw``n ta` twe peknts.

K c`bogr` unc`r p`ngoty

el

p`rfury tagt ta` ler`heknh ks tru` gnc berr`bt.

@x`but`c en taks 97st cgy el C`b`di`r, 9=70

- < -

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-7 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` < el < ]gh`KC ;2


46/112

@QAKIKS G

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-9 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 7 el 9 ]gh`KC ;3


47/112

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-9 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 9 el 9 ]gh`KC ;0


48/112

@QAKIKS I

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-2 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 7 el


49/112

Gttgbad`nt



50/112

) .

•

•

PNKS@C RSGS@R

EL

GD@YKBG

C@]GYSD@NS EL SYGNR]EYSGSKEN

ELLKB@

EL 7A@

R@BY@SGY[

XGRAKNHSEN C.B.

Kssu`c iy ta` C`pgrtd`nt el Srgnspertgtken

en ta` 77ta cgy el Ebtei`r,

7;;7

Feknt Gppokbgtken el

C@OSG GKY OKN@R, KNB.

gnc

]GN GD@YKBGN XEYOC GKYXG[R, KNB.

ler gpprevgo el g trgnsl`r el b`rtklkbgt` gnc

`x`dptken gutaerkty

LKNGO EYC@Y

Erc`r ;7-7=-22

R@Y\@ EBS 0 ;;

Cebj`t 38


51/112

9

rèrhgnkzgtken i` lko`c kn taks cebj t̀. 2 Sa` Br`ckters gose suhh`st tagt w` net

preakikt p`tktkens ler r`benskc`rgtken el gny lkngo erc`r, i`bgus` n`w

r`huogtery kssu`s dgy grks` er n`w c`vòepd`nts dgy bagnh` eur

benbouskens r`hgrcknh ]gn Gd`rkbgn's vkgikokty.3 Sa` Br`ckters gose grhu`

tagt w` agv` gc`qugt` knlerdgtken new te gpprev` ta` trgnsl`r el ta`

C`trekt-Oencen reut` te Còtg.

Gogsjg ghgkn grhu`s ler ta` knstktutken el g bgrrk`r sò`btken preb``cknh te

sò`bt g n`w

P.R.

bedp`tkter

kn

ta` Oes Gnhò`s-D`xkbe Bkty dgrj`t. t bogkds

tagt taks dgrj`t ks new g c` lgbte denepeoy iy vkrtu` el ]gn Gd`rkbgn's

unc`nkgio` tetgo suis`rvk`nb` te, gnc bentreo

iy,

Còtg. 0 Gogsjg gbbus`s us el

khnerknh skhnklkbgnt lgbts `stgioksaknh Còtg's bentreo ev`r ]gn Gd`rkbgn.

Gogsjg gose d`ntkens ]gn Gd`rkbgn's quk`t seokbktgtken el ikcs te purbags`

taks gutaerkty, nc c`bogr`s tagt spknnknh ell taks reut` ks der` urh`nt tagn

gny eta`r spkn-ell c`bksken w` agv` dgc`.< Gogsjg grhu`s tagt w` agv`

gigncen`c

eur

peokby gnneunb`c kn 7;1; r`hgrcknh reut` trgnsl`rs, nc

suhh`sts tagt g r``xgdkngtken el eur r`b`nt peokby ks kn erc`r.

GOK's benb`rns knveov` ta` ckspesktken el vgrkeus el ]gn Gd`rkbgn's gkrbrglt

beddktt`c te s`rvkb` kn ta` Bkvko Y`s`rv` Gkr Lo``t BYGL) prehrgd. GOK

prevkc`s twe suba gkrbrglt te ]gn Gd`rkbgn. GOK grhu`s tagt w` saeuoc net

gpprev` ta` reut` trgnsl`rs t kssu` a`r` untko ta` kssu` el Còtg's gssudptken

el ]gn Gd`rkbgn's BYG] eiokhgtkens ags i``n r`seov`c. GOK ags gpp`nc`c

ta` lkoknh dgc` iy ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s kn ta` ignjruptby beurt en Ebtei`r7,

goenh wkta bepk̀ s el gssert`c berr`spenc`nb` iy

GOK

en ta` suif`bt el ]gn

Gd`rkbgn's BYG] eiokhgtkens.

GOK grhu`s `ss`ntkgooy tar`` suistgntkv` peknts kn suppert el kts pesktken6

wktaeut r`seoutken el ta` BYGL kssu`, ta` trgnsl`r ks net kn ta` puiokb

knt`r̀ st: ta` oess el ta` gkrbrglt te ta` prehrgd weuoc ` gcv`rs` te ta`

ngtkengo s`burkty:

nc

ta` oess el ta` gdeunt t kssu` (der` tagn

$0==

dkooken) weuoc agv` g n`hgtkv` iuch`tgry `ll̀ bt. n gccktken, GOK grhu`s tagt

g lkngo erc`r gpprevknh ta` trgnsl`r weuoc knt`rl`r` wkta ta` ignjruptby

preb``cknh, gnc weuoc pr`fuckb` ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s gs gn uns`bur`c br`ckter el

]gn Gd`rkbgn.

2 Y`spens` el ta` Br`ckters, t < n.9.

3 Kc

0 Eif`btkens el Gogsjg Gkrokn`s, gt 9.

< Kc

t 77, 7


52/112

Gnsw`rs te ta` bedd`nts w`r` lko`c iy ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts gnc iy Gogsjg.

Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts grhu` tagt

GOK

s``js

te

`nd`sa ta` C`pgrtd`nt

kn

g prkvgt` dgtt`r i`tw``n gn

Gd`rkbgn gnc gn gkrbrglt o`sser knveovknh bentrgbt kssu`s tagt gr`

skdpoy net behnkzgio` iy ta` C`pgrtd`nt unc`r R`btken 3=7(a) el ta`

L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt.8

2

Glt`r netknh ta` bentknu`c n``c ler predpt c`bksken en taks gppokbgtken, ta`

Feknt Gppokbgnts c`bogr` tagt GOK's goo`hgtkens gr` wrenh, tagt n`hetkgtkens gr`

kn prehr`ss te r`seov` ta` BYG] kssu`,

gnc

tagt ta` kssu`s ta` Gkr Lerb` ags

rgks`c kn kts lkoknh kn ta` ignjruptby beurt gr` net wktakn

eur

furksckbtken

unc`r

s`btken 3=7 (a).

Xkta r`hgrc te ta` Oes Gnhò`s-D`xkbe Bkty reut`, ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts gbbus`

Gogsjg el ràgsaknh eoc grhud`nts, gnc grhu` tagt ta` reut` ks net wktakn ta`

sbep` el taks bgs̀ . Derèv`r, ta`y bent`st Gogsjg's bogkd tagt C òtg ks

new er

wkoo i` kn bentreo el ]gn Gd`rkbgn.s Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts pr`s`nt gn¸

`xt`nc`c lgbtugo cksbussken el taks kssu`.

Gogsjg `dpagskz`s tagt ta` rèrhgnkzgtken pogns r`dgkn rò`vgnt te g

c`t`rdkngtken el taks trgnsgbtken's `ll`bt en ]gn Gd`rkbgn's vkgikokty, gnc

grhu`s tagt w` agv` ta` o`hgo furksckbtken te gccr`ss ta` Oes Gnhò`s-D`xkbe

Bkty kssu` new. Gogsjg bogkds tagt w` saeuoc i` pursuknh ta` hego el

gvekcknh denepeokzgtken rgta`r tagn g peokby el lurta`rknh Zta`

C`pgrtd`nt'sT 'akha`st

ikcc`r

tgj` goo' reut` sgo` peokby gnc ta` benv`nk̀ nb`

el ta` prknbkpgos te gny suba trgnsgbtken. ; Gogsjg gose suhh`sts tagt ta`

benb`rns `xpr`ss`c iy ta` Br`ckters gnc iy GOK kooustrgt` ta` unb`rtgkntk`s

surreuncknh

]gn Gd`rkbgn's rèrhgnkzgtken,

gnc

tagt w` saeuoc `xgdkn`

ta` Oes Gnhò`s-D`xkbe Bkty kssu` new, pgrtoy i`bgus` w` dgy net agv`

gneta`r eppertunkty.

X` lknc tagt ta` trgnsl`r t`ntgtkvòy gpprev`c kn ta` saew bgus` erc`r wkoo i`

kn

ta` puiokb knt`r`st gnc saeuoc i` gpprev`c. Gs i`ler ,̀ ne pgrty eppes`s

ta` trgnsgbtken kn kts `ntkr`ty. Sa` twe bedd`nt`rs tagt agv` lko`c po`gcknhs

kn eppesktken rgks` kssu`s

tagt

gr`

net

`v`n wktakn ta` furksckbtkengo purvk`w

el taks preb``cknh.

8 Gnsw`r el ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts, gt 9

1 Kc gt 0.

; Gnsw`r el Gogsjg,

gt

<



53/112

Gogsjg s bedpogknt r`hgrcknh ta` Oes Gnh ò`s-D`xkbe Bkty reut` wgs

gccr`ss`c kn ta` saew bgus` erc`r,

gnc

ta` gkrokn` ags rgks`c ne

n`w

grhud`nts kn `kta`r

el

kts der` r`b`nt po`gcknhs tagt bgus`

us

te got`r eur

p`rsp`btkv`. X` r`lrgkn lred r`gbaknh ta` lgbtugo kssu`s Gogsjg

weuoc

agv`

us benskc`r (gnc tagt ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts gose gccr`ss) ler ta` sgd` r`gsens

gs i`ler̀ 6 ta` reut` ks

net

gt kssu` a`r`. K t weuoc, ta`r`ler`, i` kngppreprkgt`

ler us te gccr`ss ta` d`rkts el ta` pgrtk`s grhud`nts a`r`. Gs w` sgkc kn

rc`r

;7-;-02, wa`ta`r taes` grhud`nts wkoo i` h`rdgn`

kn

gneta`r

preb``cknh r`dgkns te i` s``n: ta`y gr` b`rtgknoy net wktakn ta` sbep`

el

taks

bgs`.

3

GOK rgks`s g der` bedpo`x preio`d, gnc en`

tagt

wgs net rgks`c kn ta`

bent`xt

el

ta` saew bgus` erc`r6 `ss`ntkgooy, wa`ta`r ta` unb`rtgkn stgtus el

]gn Gd`rkbgn s BYGL eiokhgtkens benstktut`s g puiokb knt`r`st kssu`

gppreprkgt` ler benskc`rgtken unc`r s`btken 3=7(a). Xako`

w`

gppr`bkgt` ta`

kdpertgnb` el ta` BYGL prehrgd gnc

el

ta` kssu` el ]gn Gd`rkbgn s

r`spenskikoktk`s,

w` ce

net iòk`v` tagt kt weuoc

i`

gppreprkgt`

te

cògy gbtken

kn taks bgs` untko ta` BYGL dgtt`r ags i``n r`seov`c.

Saks kssu` ks prep`roy i`ler` ta` ignjruptby beurt, wakba ks new benskc`rknh

kt. ur gbtken weuoc net

kntruc` upen

ta` beurt s pr`rehgtkv`s. Se ta`

bentrgry, c`l`rrknh gbtken p`ncknh r`seoutken el ta` BYG] preio`d beuoc

gdeunt te gn kdpokbkt usurpgtken el ta` ignjruptby beurt s furksckbtken. Kl

w` ruo` lgvergioy en ta` reut` trgnsl`r

7

suba gbtken kn ne

wgy

c`trgbts lred

ta` ignjruptby beurt s pew`rs.

Kl

aew`v`r,

w`

c`l`r suba gbtken, k t suhh`sts

tagt

w`

dgy knberpergt` knte

eur

s`btken

3=7

(a) gngoysks benskc`rgtken el g

dgtt`r tagt

w`

r`hgrc gs ta` cedgkn el ta` ignjruptby beurt.

ur

reo` unc`r

s`btken 3=7(a) ks te benskc`r wa`ta`r ta` trgnsl`r

el

]gn Gd`rkbgn s

knt`rngtkengo reut` gutaerkty wkoo

`

benskst`nt wkta ta` puiokb knt`r`st,

net

te

r`seov` bentrgbtugo cksput`s knveovknh ta` us`

el

g bgrrk`r s gkrbrglt. X` ghr``

wkta GOK tagt ta` BYGL prehrgd

ks

kdpertgnt gnc tagt ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s

knt`r`sts saeuoc i` pret`bt`c, iut w` gr` benlkc`nt tagt ta` ignjruptby beurt ks

luooy bgpgio` el pret`btknh ta` Gkr Lerb` s rkhats unc`r ]gn Gd`rkbgn s BYGL

bentrgbts. ur gpprevgo el ta` reut` trgnsl`rs wkoo net okdkt ta` beurt s gikokty

te `nlerb` ta` eiokhgtkens el ]gn Gd`rkbgn

gnc

Còtg unc`r ta` BYGL

prehrgd. Saks p`rsp`btkv`

ks

benlkrd`c

iy

ta` lgbt

tagt

ta` BYGL kssu` ks kn

lgbt new i`knh oktkhgt`c kn ta` ignjruptby

beurt

gnc tagt ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s

Hev`rnd`nt ks knc`p`nc`ntoy pr`s`ntknh kts bogkds kn tagt lerud.

7

=

7= X` agv` agc ebbgsken kn ta` pgst te c`l`r te eta`r c`bkskendgj`rs gutaerkty

er

furksckbtken

ev`r

sp`bklkb kssu`s

kn

ta` bent`xt

el reut`

trgnsl`r bgs`s. @.h.

Feknt

Gppokbgtken el Pnkt`c kr

Okn`s Knb. gnc ]gn Gd`rkbgn Xeroc

Gkrwgys

Knb.

rc`r

;7-9-0, s`rv`c Lìrugry

72

7;;7, gt

78

(p`nsken luncknh kssu`s wktakn purvk`w el ]IHB

gnc

ignjruptby beurt).

•

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-2 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` < el


54/112

.

Pnc`r ta`s` bkrbudstgnb`s, w` s`` ne n``c te r`gba ta` qu`stkens el aew

iuch`tgry

er

ngtkengo s`burkty benskc`rgtkens gll`bt ta` prep`r ckspesktken el

ta` BYGL kssu`. Sagt kssu` wkoo

i`

r`seov`c kn ta` ignjruptby beurt, wa`r`

ta` knt`r`sts el ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s Hev`rnd`nt gr` wòo r`pr`s`nt`c

0

Lkngooy,

w` dust

benskc`r ta` suhh`stkens ta` Br`ckters agv` dgc`, tagt

w`

saeuoc r`qukr` ta` lkoknh el rèrhgnkzgtken boesknh cebud`nts gs r`lo`btknh

en

]gn Gd`rkbgn's bentknu`c vkgikokty. X` lknc taks unn`b`ssgry. Sa`

r`berc w` agv` new ks qukt` gc`qugt` te c`denstrgt` tagt ta` `ll`bts el eur

gpprevgo el ta` reut` trgnsl`r en ]gn Gd`rkbgn's vkgikokty gr` der` okjòy te

i` pesktkv`

ta n

n`hgtkv .̀ Gs w` agv` net`c i`ler`, wa`ta`r g s`benc hreup

el trgnsgbtkens i`tw``n Còtg nc ]gn Gd`rkbgn wkoo lgoo wktakn eur

furksckbtken r`dgkns te i` s``n: kn gny bgs`, saeuoc gny rèrhgnkzgtken prev`

unsubb`ssluo, tagt ce`s net d`gn tagt

eur

gpprevgo el ta` trgnsl`r

bentrkiut`c te tagt lgkour`, er

te

gny r`suotknh gcv`rs` `ll`bt

en

]gn

Gd`rkbgn's vkgikokty. Sa` sgd` peknt dkoktgt`s ghgknst ta` Br`ckters' r`qu`st

tagt w` o`gv` taks c`bksken ep`n te r`benskc`rgtken. X` ta`r`ler` c`bokn` ta`

Br`ckters' suhh`stkens.77

Ne bedd`nt`r eppes`s ta` trgnsgbtken h`n`rgooy, er rgks`s sp`bklkb preio`ds

`xb`pt taes` cksbuss`c giev .̀ Ne pgrty ags rgks`c n`w benb`rns r`hgrcknh ta`

tar`` sp`bklkb brkt`rkg w` dust benskc`r kn c`t`rdknknh ta` trgnsgbtken's

benskst`nby wkta ta` puiokb knt`r`st (`ll`bt en ced`stkb bedp`tktken, en ta`

bgrrk`rs' vkgikokty, nc en ta` trgc` pesktken el ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s kn ta`

knt`rngtkengo gkr trgnspertgtken dgrj`t). Kn goo tar`` r`sp`bts, w` benbouc`,

igs`c en ta` r`gsenknh s`t lerta n ta` saew bgus` erc`r, tagt ta` trgnsgbtken

saeuoc agv` g lgvergio` kdpgbt.

X`

gbbercknhoy lknc kt kn ta` puiokb knt`r`st

te dgj` lkngo eur t`ntgtkv` lkncknhs

nc

benbouskens kn Erc`r

;7-;-02.

X`

wkoo kssu` gutaerkty kn okdkt`c-`ntry dgrj`ts te Còtg kn ta` lerd el

t`dpergry, `xp`rkd`ntgo b`rtklkbgt`s, gs prepes`c kn Erc`r ;7-;-02679 Lkngooy,

gs ta` pgrtk`s agv` new agc gdpo` eppertunkty te gccr`ss ta` kssu`s, w` wkoo

net `nt`rtgkn p`tktkens ler r`benskc`rgtken el taks erc`r.

GBBEYCKNHO[,

7. X` hrgnt ta` gppokbgtken el Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. nc ]gn Gd`rkbgn

Xeroc Gkrwgys, Knb. te ta` `xt`nt benskst`nt wkta taks erc`r:

77

X`

ce net gccr`ss ta` Br`ckters' r`dgrjs r`hgrcknh ta` C`trekt-Oencen reut` a`r`, gs w`

dgc` ne t`ntgtkv` lkncknhs r`hgrcknh tagt reut` kn Erc`r ;7¸; 02.

79 X` gr` kssuknh Còtg g n`w b`rtklkbgt` te `nbedpgss goo ta` gutaerkty trgnsl`rr`c. X` agv`

gose gd`nc`c ]gn Gd`rkbgn's b`rtklkbgt` ler Yeut`

729

te r`lo`bt ta` trgnsl`r, gnc gose

te

benseokcgt̀ ]gn Gd`rkbgn's r`dgknknh gutaerkty en kts Yeut`

722.

X` gr` gd`ncknh ]gn

Gd`rkbgn's b`rtklkbgt`s ler Yeut`s

722

gnc 971 te cò`t` tagt gutaerkty kn kts `ntkr`ty.



55/112

<

9.

X` `x`dpt ]gn

Gd`rkbgn

Xeroc Gkrwgys,

Knb.

lred

ta` r`qukr`d`nts

e

s`btken 3=7 g)

e ta`

Gbt te

ta` `xt`nt

n`b`ssgry

te `ngio`

]gn

Gd`rkbgn

te

bentknu` s`rvkb`

en ta`

r`sp`btkv`

reut`s

te i`

trgnsl`rr`c,

ler g p`rkec e skx

dentas

lred

ta`

`ll`btkv` cgt` el taks erc`r, er untko

Còtg

knguhurgt`s

s`rvkb`,

wakba`v`r

ebburs

`grok`r

ler

`gba reut`:

2

X`

kssu`

te

Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb., g n`w b`rtklkbgt` kn

ta` lerd

gttgba`c:

3

X` r`kssu`

te

]gn Gd`rkbgn Xeroc Gkrwgys

kts b`rtklkbgt` ler

Yeut`

729 kn ta` lerd gttgba`c:

0

X` gd`nc ta` b`rtklkbgt`s el ]gn

Gd`rkbgn Xeroc

Gkrwgys, Knb. ler

Yeut`s 722 gnc 971 te cò`t`

tagt

gutaerkty kn kts `ntkr`ty:


56/112

7@xp`rtd`ntgo

? trtl

lkrgt`

nl Fuiokb B tnnu`nktnrt gni Ntrts.sktu

F nr otnutt


57/112

Kssu`c

y

Erc`r ;7-7=-22

Ler Yeut` ~ o

S`rds, Bencktkens Okdktgtkens

C@OSG GKY

OKN@R, KNB.

k s gutaerkz`c te `nhgh` kn ler`khn g k r t rgnspertg t ken

el p`rsens,

prep`rty,

gnc dgko 6

(7) I`tw``n ta` bet`rdkngo peknts ]ertognc, EY: C`trek t , DK:

]akogcòpakg, ]G: N`w

[erj,

N[-N`wgrj,

NF:

gnc Iesten,

DG: ta` knt`rd`ckgt` peknts ta` Gzer`s gnc Oksien,

]ertuhgo: Igrbòeng, Rpgkn: gnc Nkb`, Lrgnb`: gnc

ta`¸

t`rdkngo

peknt

Yed`, K tg oy .

(9) I`tw``n ta` t`rdkngo peknt

Rgn

Fugn, ]Y: ta`

knt`rd`ckgt` peknts

ta`

Gzer`s gnc

Oksien,

]ertuhgo:

gnc

Dgcrkc,

Rpgkn:

gnc

ta`

t`rdkngo

peknt

Yed`, K tg oy .

(2) I`tw``n

ta`

bet`rdkngo

peknts

]ertognc, EY: C`trek t , DK:

Aeusten, SQ: ]akogcòpakg, ]G: N`w [erj, N[-N`wgrj, NF:

gnc

Iesten, DG:

gnc

rnt`rd`ckgt` ¸peknts kn ta` le o oewknh gr`.gs,6.

K rògnc:

]grks , Lrgnb`:

Iòhkud:

Sa`

N`ta`rogncs:

C`ndgrj:

Lknognc :

Nerwgy:¸

Rw`c`n:

L`c`rgo

Y`puiokb

el H`rdgny:

]eognc:

O`nknhrgc, u.s.s.Y.:

Bz`baesoevgjkg:

Gustrkg:

Rwktz`rognc: .

Aunhgry:

Dkogn ¸gnc Yed`, K tg oy : .

[uhe.s'ogvkg:

Yedgnkg:

Iuohgrkg:

Gta`ns,

Hr``b`:

Surj`y:

.

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-2 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 7= el


58/112

•

@hypt:

Fercgn:

Oìgnen:

Ryrkg:

Krgq:

Krgn:

Rguck Grgikg:

Sa` Pnkt`c Grgi

@dkrgt`s:

Juwgkt:

Edgn:

Igargkn:

Sò Gvkv, Ks rg` o :

Glhagnkstgn:

]gjkstgn: gnc

Knckg:

gnc

ta` t`rdkngo peknt

Desbew

u.s.s.Y.

Còtg


59/112

C`o tg


60/112

•

.

.

C`otg


61/112

C`otg


62/112

7@x°`rkdtntgo ? r`rtklkbgt`

nl uiokr

?t nnutnktnb`

gni N`brssttu

F nr ooeut`

729

Siks b ~ r t o l k ~ s tigt

]GN GD@YKBGN

X)YtC Gd oG[R,

KEB.

ks gutaerkz.`c,U

suif`bt

te tiU` prevkskeW&

el

Skto` K\ el ti`

L`c`rgo

~ v k g t j n ¸ :_bt

el

7;01,

gs g777`qc`c,

ti`

erc`rs,

ruo`s,

gWc

r`huogtkeWs

k s s u ~ c tlF`r`uWc`r, gWc

ti`

g t t g b i ~ c

t`rKWs,

beWcktkeWs, gWc okKWktgtoeWs, te `qhghb kW

ler`khW

gkr trgqspertgtkeW

el

p`rseWs, prep`rty gqc

dgoo.

Saks b`rtklkbgt` os WEt trgWsl`rgio` wktieut tW` gpprevgo

el tW` C`pgrtooo`Wt el SrgWspertgtoeW.

o o _ ~ P b c

iy

Erc`r

;7 7= 22

EW Ebtei`-r

77. 7;;7

tPbbtkvb

BAo

Ebtei`r

71,

7;;7

I y

CKNbooeW

r

oW'e

~ N o g r y

-

-

Gsskstgnt s`br`tgry er e o k ~

gKQk

Knt`rngtkengo Gllgkrs

~ _

o

K



63/112

S`rds, Benck t kens

&

Okdk tg t kens

]GN GD@YKBGN

XEYOC

GKYXG[R,

KNB.

Kssu`c iy

Erc`r ;7-7=-22

Ler Yeut`

729

k s gutaerkz`c te `nhgh` kn ler`khn g k r

t rgnsper tg t ken el

p`rsens,

prep`r ty, gnc dgko6

(7) I`tw``n Dkgdk,

LO:

gnc

ta`

bet`rdkngo peknts ]grks ,

Lrgnb`:

gnc Lrgnjlurt ,

L`c`rgo

Y`puiokb

el

H`rdgny.

(9) I`tw``n ta` bet`rdkngo

peknts

Gtogntg ,

HG

Igotkder`,¸

DC Bakbghe,

KO:

C`trekt ,

DK: Dkgdk LO:

N`w [erj,

N[-

N`wgrj, NF: ]akogc`opakg , ]G: gnc Xgsaknhten, C.B.: gnc

ta` t`rdkngo peknt I`rducg.

(2) I`tw``n

ta` t`rdkngo peknt N`w

[erj,,

N[-N`wgrj, NF: ta`

knt`rd`ckgt` peknt

Yke

c` Fgn`kre,

Irgzko :

gnc ta`

t`rdkngo peknt Feagnn`siurh, Y`puiokb el Reuta

Glrkbg.

(3) I`tw``n C`trekt ,

DK:

gnc

Oencen,

@nhognc.

Saks

gutaer k ty Os¸

suif`bt te` ta` .lgooewknh, prev,ks-kens6

( 7 )

Sa` aeoc`r sag o o

g t

g o o tkd`s bencubt

k t s

ep`rgtkens

kn

gbbercgnb` wkta ta` r`huogt kens pr`sbrki`c iy ta`

C`pgrtd`nt el Srgnspertgt ken ler ta` s`rvkb`s gutaerkz`c

iy

ta k s

b`r t k l kbg t`

9)

Sa` aeoc`r sag o o dg6kntgkn

kn `ll`bt- o kgik o k ty knsurgnb`

bev`rg h`6 kn

gdeun-6ts net

o`gs6

tag6n

taes` r`qukr`c

unc`r.

]grt 9=0 el

ta`

C`pgrtd`nt s Y`huogtkens (73 B.L.Y. ]grt

9=0) le r g o o ep`rgtkens unc`r ta k s b`r t k l kbg t` Lgkour`

te

dgkntgkn knsurgnb`

bev`rgh`

gs

r`qukr`c iy

]grt 9=0

er te bedpoy wkta ta` L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt

er

ta`

C`pgrtd`nt s

r`huogt kens sago o i` sull kb k`nt hreuncs te

r`vej` ta ks

b`r t k l kbg t`

( 2 } Sa` aeoc`r s a g o o g t g77

t kd`s

bencubt k t s ¸

ep`rgtk6ens,

kn

gbbercgnb` wkta g o o tr`gt¸kUss¸

gnc ghr``d`nts

i`tw``n

ta`

Pnkt`c

Rtgt`s gnc

eta`r beuntr.k`s, gnc ta` `x`rbks`

el

ta`

prkvk o`h`s

hrgnt`c

iy

ta k s b`r t k l kbg t`

k s

suif`b t

te

bedpokgnb` wkta suba t r`g t k`s gnc

ghr``d`nts

gnc wkta

gny erc`rs el ta` C`pgrtd`nt

kssu`c

unc`r

ta`d

er ler

ta`

purpes` el r`qukr knh

bedpokgnb`

wkta ta`d.

.

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-2 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 7< el


64/112

•

]gn Gd`rkbgn

]gh`

9

el

9

(3 )

Sa`

`x`rb k s`

el gutaer k ty

hrgnt`c a`r`

k s suif`bt

te ta`

ae oc`r s

l k r s t

eitgknknh

lred

ta`

gppreprkgt`

ler`khn

hev`rnd`nts suba

ep`rgtknh

r khats

gs

dgy

i`

n`b`ssgry.

0) Lo khats

ep`rgt`c

ev`r R`hd`nt 2

sago o

s`rv` ieta ke c`

Fgn` k re , Irgzk o , gnc

Feagnn`siurh,

Y`puiokb el

Reuta

Glrkbg.


65/112

B@YSKLKB S@

D@NCD@NSR

]gn Gd`rkbgn Xeroc

Gkrwgys,

Knb le r Yeut`

722

Cò` t` ta`

b ` r t k l k b g t ` kn

ts

`n t k r ` t y

]gn

Gd`rkbgn Xeroc

Gkrwgys, Knb

le r Yeut`

971

Cò` t`

t a`

b ` r t k l k b g t `

kn

ts `n t k r ` t y

*Gs Gd`nc`c

iy

Erc`r ;7-7=-22

Sa`s`

b ` r t k l k b g t `

gd`ncd`nts sag o o i`bed`

` l l `b t k v`

Ebtei`r

71.

7;;7.

B`r t k l k b g t ` s gd`nc`c te r ` l o ` b t

ta`

C`pgr td`nt s c`b k s ken en ta`

reu t` t r g n s l ` r

i`tw``n

]gn

Gd`rkbgn gnc Cò tg

Gkr

Okn`s

(Cebj`t

38


66/112

K

i @ o ¸ \ k o { . k F ~ 7 @ N ~ ¸

Cl6o

S Y l _ N ~ r . > n I ] , ~ 8 7 = ~ ) K

PNFS@C RSG S@R EL GD@YKBG

C@]GYSD@NS EL SYGNR]EYSG

SFEN

ELLKB@

EL Skk@

R@BY@S

GY[

XGRAKNHSEN,

C.B

Kssu`c iy ta` C`pgrtd`nt el Srgnspertgtken

en

ta`

77ta

cgy el Ebtei`r

;;

Feknt Gppokbgtken el

C@OSG GKY OKN@R KNB.

gnc

]GN

GD@YKBGN

XEYOC GKYXG[R KNB.

ler gpprevgo el g trgnsl`r el b`rtklkbgt`

gnc

`x`dptken gutaerkty

LKNGO EYC@Y

@ Y . oo G S P o o*

Erc`r ;7-7=-22

R@Y\@C NE\

Cebj`t

38


67/112

7.@xptrkdtntgo W rrtklkbgtt

el Fuaokb

W enutnktnb` gni N`r`ssktu

olVnr k1.eut`

~ u , : 6 c i ~ ¸ E r c ~ r ;7-7=-22

En Ebtei`r

77 7;;7

@ o l . 6 ~ t a ¸ , : 6

e

Ebtei`r 71

7;;7

Fo&t'Y@[' N.

RAGN@

Gsskstgnt s`br`tgxy

ler ]eokby

gnc Knt`dgtkErkko

GllkokR



68/112

S`rds,

Bencktkens &

Okdktgtkens

C@OSG GKY OKN@R, KNB.

Kssu`c

iy

Erc`r

;7-7=-22

Ler Yeut` kt o

ks gutaerkz`c te `nhgh` kn ler`khn

g k r

t rgnspertg t ken

el

p`rsens,

prep`rty,

gnc

dgko6

7) I`tw``n ta` bet`rdkngo peknts ]ertognc, EY: C`trek t , DK:

]akogcòpakg,

]G: N`w [erj, N[-N`wgrj, NF: gnc

Iesten,

DG: ta` knt`rd`ckgt` peknts ta`

Gzer`s

gnc

Oksien,

]ertuhgo:

Igrbòeng,

Rpgkn: gnc Nkb`, Lrgnb`:

gnc

ta`¸

t`rdkngo

peknt Yed`, K tgoy.

9) I`tw``n ta`

t`rdkngo

pekn t Rgn Fugn, ]Y: ta`

knt`rd`ckgt` peknts ta` Gzer`s

gnc

Oksien, ]ertuhgo: gnc

Dgcrkc,

Rpgkn:

gnc

ta`

t`rdkngo peknt

Yed`, K tgoy.

2) I`tw``n ta` bet`rdkngo

peknts

]ertognc,

EY:

C`trekt , DK:

Aeusten, SQ:

]akogcòpakg,

]G: N`w

[erj,

N[-N`wgrj, NF:

gnc Iesten, DG:

gnc

Knt`rd`ckgt`

peknts

kn

ta`

leooewknh gr`gs6

Krògnc:

]grks , Lrgnb`:

Iòhkud:

Sa` N`ta`rogncs:

C`ndgrj:

Lknognc:

Nerwgy:

Rw`c`n:

L`c`rgo Y`puiokb

e

H`rdgny:

]eognc:

O`nknhrgc, P.R.R.Y.:

Bz`baesoevgjkg:

Gustrkg:

Rwktz`rognc:

Aunqgry:

Dkogn

gnc

Yed`

K tg oy

[uhesogvkg:

Yedgnkg:

Iuohgrkg:

Gta`ns, Hr``b`:

Surj`y:



69/112

@hypt:

Fercgn:

Oìgnen:

Ryrkg:

Krgq:

Krgn:

Rguck Grgikg:

¸

Sa` Pnkt`c Grgi @dkrgt`s:

Juwgkt:

Edgn:

Igargkn:

Sò Gvkv, Ksrgò:

Glhag.nkstgn:

]gjkstgn: gnc

Knckg:

gnc ta` t`rdkngo peknt Desbew u.s.s.Y.

Còtg


70/112

Cò

tg

< <

]gh` 2 el 0

(7=)

I`tw``n

g peknt er peknts kn ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s,

`xboucknh Oes Gnhò`s, Rgn Lrgnbksbe-Egjognc-Rgn

Fes`,

BG: R`gtto`-Sgbedg, XG:

Bakbghe-Yebjlerc,

KO:

Xgsaknhten,

C.B.-Igotkrner`, DC: gnc Ragnnen, Krògnc:

gnc

g

peknt er

peknts

kn

C`ndgrj:

Lknognc:

Nerwgy:

Rw`c`n: Oux`dieurh: ta` Pnkt`c

Grgi @dkrgt`s:

Juwgkt,

Igargkn: gnc Knckg.

(77)

I`tw``n ta` t`rdkngo peknt

Dkgdk, Loerkcg: ta`

knt`rd`ckgt`

peknts

ta`

Gzer`s, gnc Oksien,

]ertuhgo:

gnc ta`

t`rdkngo

peknt

Yed`,

K tg oy .

(79)

I`tw``n

ta` bet`rdkngo

peknts

N`w

[erj,

N[:

gnc Iesten,

DG: gnc

ta` knt`rd`ckgt` peknts ta` Gzer`s:

Oksien,

]ertuhgo:

Dgcrkc,

Rpgkn: Bgsgiognbg,

Derebbe:

Cgjgr,

R`n`hgo: Denrevkg,

Oki`rkg:

Gikcfgn, Kvery

Begst: Gbbrg,

Hagng:

Oghes,

Nkh`rkg:

Jknsagsg, Y`puiokb

el Vgkr`:

Ngkreik, J`nyg:

gnc

ta` t`rdkngo peknt Feagnn`siurh,

Y`puiokb el Reuta Glrkbg.

Saks gutaerk ty k s suif`bt te ta`

leooewknh prevkskens6

( o )

Sa`

aeoc`r sago o

g t

g o o tkd`s bencubt

k t s

ep`rgtkens kn

gbbercgnb` wkta ta`

r`huogt kens

pr`sbrki`c

y ta`

C`pgrtd`nt

el

Srgnspertgt ken

ler ta` s`rvkb`s gutaerkz`c

y ta k s b`r t k l k bg t` .

(9) Sa` aeoc`r

sag o o

dgkntgkn kn

`ll`b t o k gi k o k t y

knsurgnb`

bev`rgh` kn gdeunts net o`ss tagn

taes`

r`qukr`c

unc`r

]grt

9=0

el

ta`

C`pgrtd`nt s

Y`huogtkens (73 B.L.Y. ]grt

9=0) ler

g o o

ep`rgtkens unc`r ta k s b`r t k l kbg t` . Lgkour`

te

dgkntgkn knsurgnb`

bev`rgh`

gs

r`qukr`c

iy

]grt

9=0

er te bedpoy wkta

ta` L`c`rgo¸

Gvkgtken

Gbt¸er

ta`

C`pgrtd`nt s

r`huogt kens sago o i` sull kb k`nt hreuncs te

r`vej` ta ks b`r t k l kbg t` .

(2) Sa` aeoc`r sag o o g t

g o o

tkd`s

bencubt

k t s ep`rgtkens kn

gbbercgnb`

wkta g o o t r`g t k `s gnc ghr``d`nts i`tw``n ta`

Pnkt`c Rtgt`s gnc

eta`r

beuntr k`s , gnc ta`

`x`rbks`

el

ta` prkvk o`h`s

hrgnt`c

y ta ks b`rt k l kbg t` ks suif`bt

te

bedpokgnb` wkta suba t r`g t k `s gnc ghr``d`nts gnc wkta

gny

erc`rs el ta` C`pgrtd`nt kssu`c unc`r

ta`d

er ler

ta` purpes` el r`qukr knh

bedpokgnb`

wkta

ta`d.

(3)

Sa`

`x`rbks`

el

gutaer k ty

hrgnt`c

a`r`

k s

suif`bt

te

ta`

aeoc`r s

l k r s t eitgknknh

lred

ta` gpprepr kg t`

ler`khn

hev`rnd`nts

suba

ep`rgtknh r khats gs dgy i`

n`b`ssgry.



71/112

C`o

tg


72/112

C`o tg


73/112

•

•

7@xp`rl

d`ntgo

W `rtklkrgtt

el

o]uiokr

Bt nnu`nk`nb`

gni Ntr`.ssttu

ok r

k&gutt

729

Saks

b ~ r t t r k ` 7

tigt

ks

1PtWbrkzbc,

suif`bt

te

ti` prevksjAFR

er

Skto` K\ er ti`

L`c`rgo o_

[kgtkeW

~ b t

el

7101, gs g K W ` W c ~ c ti` erc`rs,

ruo`s, gnc r`huogtkens kssu`c ti`r`u77c`r, g77c ta`

gttgbibc t`rds, beWcktoens, gnc

ok7Wktgtob77s,

te

~ h g h ` oW

lerbkhW gkr trgnspbrtgtke77 el p`rseqs, prep`rty g77c ooogko.

Saks b`rtklkbgt` os

WEt

trgnsl`rgio` wotieut

ta`

gpprevgo

er

tib Cbpgrtd`qt

el Srgnspertgtobq.

7 ~ ~ u 6 6 c a,_ Erc`r

;

F-Ao-22

En Ebtei`r 77, 7;;7

trl.66_6ta¸.66

77

Ebtei`r

71

7;;7

BRS L


74/112

S`rds, Bencktkens Okdktg t kens

]GN

GD@YKBGN

XEYOC

GKYXG[R

oNB.

Kssu`c iy

Erc`r ;7-7=-22

Ler Yeut` 729 ¸

ks gutaerkz`c te `nhgh`

kn

ler`khn

g k r t rgnspertgt ken el p`rsens,

prep`rty,

gnc

dgko6

(7) I`tw``n Dkgdk, LO: gnc ta` bet`rdkngo peknts

]grks ,

Lrgnb`: gnc Lrgnjlurt, L`c`rgo Y`puiokb

el

H`rdgny.

(9)

I`tw``n ta`

bet`rdkngo

peknts Gtogntg,

HG:

Igotkder`,

DC:

Bakbghe, KO:

C`trekt , DK: Dkgdk, LO:

N`w

[erj, N[-

N`wgrj, NF: ]akogc`opakg, ]G:

gnc Xgsaknhten, C.B.:

gnc

ta` t`rdkngo peknt I`rducg.

(2) I`tw``n

ta`

t`rdkngo peknt N`w

[erj,,

N[-N`wgrj, NF:

ta`

knt`rd`ckgt`

peknt

Yke

c` Fgn`kre, Irgzko: gnc

ta`

t`rdkngo

peknt Feagnn`siurh, Y`puiokb

el Reuta Glrkbg.

(3) I`tw``n C`trekt , DK:

gnc

Oencen, @nhognc.

Saks gutaerk ty k s suif`bt te ta` leooewknh

prevkskens6

(7)

Sa`

aeoc`r sagoo g t g o o

tkd`s bencubt k t s

ep`rgtkens kn

gbbercgnb`

wkta

ta` r`huogtkens pr`sbrki`c

iy ta`

C`pgrtd`nt

el

Srgnspertgtken

ler

ta` s`rvkb`s gutaerkz`c

iy

ta ks

b`r t k l kbg t`

{9) Sa`

aeoc`r

sagoo

dgkntgkn

kn

`ll`bt

o k gi k o k ty

knsurgnb`

bev`rgh`

kn gdeunts net

o`ss tagn taes` r`qukr`c unc`r

]grt 9=0 el ta`

C`pgrtd`nt s

Y`huogtkens {73 B.L.Y. ]grt

9=0)

ler

g o o ep`rgtkens

unc`r ta ks

b`rt k l kbg t`

Lgkour`

te

dgkntgkn

knsurgnb` bev`rgh` gs r`qukr`c

iy ]grt

9=0

er te bedpoy

wkta

ta`

L`c`rgo Gvkgtken Gbt er ta`

C`pgrtd`nt s

r`huogtkens

sagoo i` sull kbk`nt hreuncs te

r`vej` ta ks

b`rt k l kbg t`

(2)

.Sa` aeoc`r

sago o

g t g o o tkd`s bencubt k t s

ep`rgtkens

kn

gbbercgnb` wkta g o o t r`gt k`s gnc ghr``d`nts i`tw``n ta`

Pnkt`c Rtgt`s

gnc eta`r beuntrk`s, gnc

ta` `x`rbks`

el

ta`

prkvk o`h`s hrgnt`c

iy ta ks

b`rt k l kbg t`

ks suif`bt

te

bedpokgnb`

wkta

suba

t r`gt k`s

gnc

ghr``d`nts

gnc

wkta

gny erc`rs el ta` C`pgrtd`nt

kssu`c

unc`r ta`d er ler

ta` purpes`

el

r`qukrknh bedpokgnb` wkta

ta`d.



75/112

]gn Gd`rkbgn

]gh` 9 el 9

(3)

Sa` `x`rbks` el u t a ~ r k t y

hrgnt`c

a`r`

k s

suif`bt te ta`

aeoc`r s l k r s t

eitgknknh lred ta`

gppreprkgt` ler`khn

hev`rnd`nts

suba

ep`rgtknh

r khats

gs

dgy

i`

n`b`ssgry.

(0) Lokhats

ep`rgt`c ev`r

R`hd`nt sagoo

s`rv` ieta

Yke c`

Fgn`kre,

Irgzk o , gnc Feagnn`siurh, Y`puiokb

el Reuta

Glrkbg.

(


76/112

•

.

•

•

B@YSKLKBGS@

D@NCD@NSR

]gn

Gd`rkbgn Xeroc

Gkrwgys.

Knb.

ler

Yeut`

722

Cò`t`

ta` b`r t k l k bg t` kn k t s

`n t k r` ty

]gn

Gd`rkbgn

Xeroc

Gkrwgys,

Knb.

ler Yeut`

971

Cò`t`

ta` b` r t k l k bg t ` kn k t s `nt k r` ty .

Gs Gd`nc`c iy

Erc`r

;7-7=-22

Sa`s`

b` r t k l k bg t `

gd`ncd`nts

sag o o i`bed` ` l l`b t kv` Ebtei`r 71 7;;7.

*

B`rt k l kbg t`s

gd`nc`c

te r`l o`bt ta` C`pgrtd`nt s c`bksken

en ta`

reut` t rgns l` r i`tw``n ]gn Gd`rkbgn gnc Còtg

Gkr

Okn`s

(Cebj`t

38


77/112

Gttgbad`nt



78/112

Feknt gppokbgtken el

Erc`r 9==1-79-9=

R`rv`c6

C`b`di`r 9;, 9==1

PNKS@C RSGS@R EL GD@YKBG

C@]GYSD@NS EL SYGNR]EYSGSKEN

ELLKB@ EL SA@ R@BY@SGY[

XGRAKNHSEN C.B.

Kssu`c iy ta` C`pgrtd`nt

el

Srgnspertgtken

en ta` ;ta cgy elC`b`di`r, 9==1

C@O SG GKY OKN@R KNB.

NEYSAX@RS GKYOKN@R KNB.

BED]GRR GKYOKN@R KNB. gnc

D@RGIGG\KGSKEN KNB.

Cebj`t CES-ERS-9==1-=7


79/112

9

Nertaw`st, Bedpgss, gnc D`sgig s gutaerkty te Nertaw`st, Bedpgss, gnc D`sgig unc`r

ta` ewn`rsakp gnc bentreo

el

Còtg,

9

(9) g trgnsl`r

el

ta` knt`rngtkengo reut` gutaerkty

burr`ntoy aòc y Nertaw`st te Còtg upen ta`kr uotkdgt` d`rh`r knte g sknho` `ntkty, gnc

(2) reut` knt`hrgtken gutaerkty te `ngio` Nertaw`st gnc Còtg te knt`hrgt` ta`kr s`rvkb`s en

ta` trgnsl`rr`c reut`s wkta `xkstknh s`rvkb`s en eta`r knt`rngtkengo reut`s.

Sa` Feknt ppokbgnts

Còtg, g Cògwgr` berpergtken leunc`c kn 7;91 gnc a`gcqugrt`r`c kn Gtogntg, Hèrhkg,

aeocs b`rtklkbgt`s el puiokb benv`nk`nb` gnc n`b`sskty gutaerkzknh kt te `nhgh` kn

knt`rstgt` gnc ler`khn sba`cuo`c gkr trgnspertgtken el p`rsens, prep`rty, gnc dgko, gs wòo

gs vgkkeus b`rtklkbgt`s, `x`dptkens, gnc eta`r `benedkb gutaerktk`s lred ta` C`pgrtd`nt

gutaerkzknh ta` gkr bgrrk`r te `nhgh` kn ler`khn gkr trgnspertgtken.

2

Sa` bedpgny ep`rgt`s

g lo``t el n`groy 30= gkrbrglt, knboucknh I-828s, I-808s, I-8


80/112

2

nsw`rs gnc Y`spenskv` ]o`gcknhs

En

Fun` 0, 9==1, ta` Nertaw`st Dgst`r @x`butkv` Beunbko

el

ta`

kr

Okn` ]koets

Gssebkgtken, Knt`rngtkengo (''NXG

GO] G ) lko`c gn gnsw`r gsjknh ta` C`pgrtd`nt te

c`ny ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts' b`rtklkbgt` trgnsl`r r`qu`st.

;

NX

GO]G grhu`c tagt gis`nt g

n`w bentrgbt wkta N=77aw`st's pkoets (kn ta` lerd

el

g feknt-pkoet bentrgbt bev`rknh ieta

gkr bgrrk`rs' pkoets), ta` gntkbkpgt`c r`burrknh gnnugo syn`rhk`s lred knt`rngtkengo bec`

sagrknh gnc lo``t eptkdkzgtken weuoc

i`

oest, gnc ta` r`burrknh bests cu` te ogier lrkbtken

wkta Còtg gnc Nertaw`st's pkoet hreups weuoc

i`

knbr`gs`c.

En Fun` 7;, 9==1, ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts lko`c g r`poy, bent`ncknh tagt ta` prepes`c

bedikngtken wkoo prevkc` suistgntkgo i`n`lkts te ieta Còtg-Ne77aw`st `dpoey``s gnc

N=77aw`st pkoets.

7=

Sa`y net`c tagt ta` Còtg gnc Nertaw`st pkoet hreups gnc Còtg

dgngh`d`nt agc r`gba`c g t`ntgtkv` ghr``d`nt en suistgntkgooy goo

el

ta` t`rds

el

g feknt

pkoet ghr``d`nt, suif`bt te ta` Còtg-Nertaw`st pkoets r`gbaknh gn ghr``d`nt

en

s`nkerkty

okst knt`hrgtken. Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts stgt`c tagt ta`y r`dgkn beddktt`c te bentknuknh ta`

n`hetkgtknh preb`ss te eitgkn gn gppreprkgt` feknt-pkoet ghr``d`nt. Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts

grhu` tagt ta` prepes`c grrgnh`d`nt ks benskst`nt wkta ta` puiokb knt`r`st gnc urh` ta`

C`pgrtd`nt te gpprev` ta` r`qu`st.

En

Fuoy 9, 9==1,

NX

G GO] G lko`c gn gd`nc`c gnsw`r knlerdknh ta` C`pgrtd`nt tagt gs

el

Fun` 98, ta` o`gc`rsakp

el

unkens r`pr`s`ntknh Còtg gnc Nertaw`st pkoets agc

gpprev`c ta` d`rh`r ghr``d`nt gnc tagt rgtklkbgtken weuoc i` seuhat lred Còtg-GO] G

gnc Nertaw`st-GO]G d`di`rs.

NX

GO]G stgt`s tagt gis`nt un`xp`bt`c

c`vòepd`nts,

NX

GO]G ne oenh`r bent`ncs tagt ta` prepes`c Còtg-Nertaw`st

grrgnh`d`nt ks bentrgry te ta` puiokb knt`r`st.

SY NRL@Y EL PSAEYKS[

Sa`

C`pgrtd`nt ags pr`vkeusoy c`t`rdkn`c tagt wa`n twe er der` gkr bgrrk`rs `gba

aeocknh knt`rngtkengo reut` gutaerkty bed` unc`r bedden ewn`rsakp gnc bentreo, g

c` lgbte trgnsl`r

el

gutaerkty ags tgj`n pogb` unc`r s`btken 377=0

el

ta` Rtgtut`.

77

Saus,

ta`

Feknt Gppokbgnts r`qu`st`c tagt ta` C`pgrtd`nt gpprev` g c` lgbte trgnsl`r

el

Nertaw`st, Bedpgss, gnc D`sgig's gutaerkty te Nertaw`st, Bedpgss, gnc D`sgig unc`r

ta` ewn`rsakp gnc bentreo

el

Còtg.

Gose kn ta`kr gppokbgtken, ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts stgt` tagt upen bensuddgtken

el

ta`

gbquksktken

elNX

GB iy Còtg, leooewknh g trgnsktken p`rkec, N=77aw`st gnc Còtg knt`nc

te knt`hrgt` ta`kr ep`rgtkens, `dpoey``s, gnc reut` n`twerjs knte g sknho` `ntkty usknh ta`

irgnc ngd` Còtg, gnc r`qu`st tagt ta` C`pgrtd`nt trgnsl`r ta` knt`rngtkengo reut`

gutaerkty burr`ntoy aòc

iy

Nertaw`st te Còtg te lgbkoktgt` ta`kr d`rh`r knte g sknho`

`ntkty, gnc gooew reut` knt`hrgtken te `ngio` Nertaw`st gnc Còtg te knt`hrgt` ta`kr

s`rvkb`s en ta` trgnsl`rr`c reut`s wkta `xkstknh s`rvkb`s

en

eta`r knt`rngtkengo reut`s se

Gnsw`rs te ta` suif`bt gppokbgtken w`r` cu` en Fun`

0

9==1.

7=

Y`pok`s te gnsw`rs w`r` cu` Fun` 7;, 9==1.

77

``

Erc`r 9==7-79-70 gnc Erc`r 9==;-;-3.



81/112

oenh gs ta`y us` ta` rkhats kn g dgnn`r benskst`nt wkta ta` t`rds

e

gny gppokbgio` gkr

trgnspert ghr``d`nt.

79

G b`rtklkbgt` dgy i` trgnsl`rr`c unc`r s`btken 377=0 e ta` Rtgtut` k ta` C`pdkd`nt

c`t`rdkn`s tagt ta` trgnsl`r ks kn ta` puiokb knt`r`st. Sa` prkdgry brkt`rkg kn c`t`rdknknh

ta`

puiokb knt`r`st gr` wa`ta`r ta` b`7kklkbgt` trgnsl`r weuoc benlokbt wkta kdpertgnt

knt`rngtkengo gvkgtken peokby eif`btkv`s gnc wa`ta`r ta` survkvknh `ntktk`s gr` P.R.

bktkz`ns gnc wa`ta`r ta`y wkoo i` lkt te aeoc ta` gutaerkty. Lurta`r, s`btken 377=0(i)

r`qukr`s ta` C`pgrtd`nt te gngoyz` ta` kdpgbt

e

ta` trgnsgbtken en ta` vkgikokty

e

ta` gkr

bgrrk`r gppokbgnts, bedp`tktken kn ta` ced`stkb gkrokn` kncustry, gnc ta` trgc` pesktken

e

ta` Pnkt`c Rtgt`s kn ta` knt`rngtkengo gkr trgnsp=7tgtken dgrj`t.

2

Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts bent`nc tagt ta`r` gr` ne knt`rngtkengo gvkgtken peokby benb`rns. Kn

taks r`hgrc, ta`y stgt` tagt ta` prepes`c dSgnh`d`nt wkoo predet` P.R. knt`rngtkengo

gvkgtken peokby hegos iy knbr`gsknh ta` gssertd`nt

e

prkb` gnc s`rvkb` eptkens ell`r`c te

bensud`rs i`tw``n ta` P.R. gnc g vgrk`ty e c`stkngtkens tareuhaeut ta` weroc,

pgrtkbuogroy te Ogtkn Gd`rkbg, @urep`, ta` Dkcco` @gst, Glrkbg, gnc Gskg. Sa`y stgt` tagt

ta` prepesgo wkoo `xpgnc gbb`ss i`tw``n P.R. bktk`s gnc werocwkc` c`stkngtkens gnc

`nagnb` ta` kc`ntkty gnc bedp`tktkv` str`nhta ell`r`c iy g Còtg-Nertaw`st bedikngtken,

taus predetknh ta` reo` e ta` P.R. gvkgtken kncustry kn hoeigo gkr s`rvkb` dgrj`ts.

Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts gss`rt tagt ta` d`rh`r wkoo agv` g pesktkv` kdpgbt en ta`kr vkgikokty.

Sa`y net` tagt ta` P.R. n`twerj gkrokn` kncustry bentknu`s te benlrent nud`reus lkngnbkgo

bagoo`nh`s, knboucknh unpr`b`c`nt`c knbr`gs`s kn luò prkb`s, gn `benedkb soew-cewn,

ckdknksa`c bensud`r oeygoty, knt`rngtkengo knstgikokty, gnc barenkb kngikokty te gbak`v`

benskst`nt prelktgikokty c`spkt` r`berc pgss`nh`r oegcs. Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts gose net`

tagt ta`y `gba agv` r`b`ntoy `xkt`c ignjruptby. Xkta ta`s` kssu`s gs g igbjcrep, ta`y

stgt` tagt ta` d`rh`r ks `xp`bt`c te precub` $7.= ikooken kn gnnugo syn`rhk`s, prevkcknh te

ta` bedikn`c gkr bgrrk`r gccktkengo r`seurb`s wkta wakba te gccr`ss i`tt`r ta`s` vgrkeus

ep`rgtkengo gnc lkngnbkgo bagoo`nh`s. Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts gss`rt tagt ta` Ghr``d`nt wkoo

kdprev` ta` lkngnbkgo pesktken

e

ta` gkr bgrrk`rs, `ngioknh ta` bedikn`c bedpgnk`s te

knbr`gs` hoeigo gkr s`rvkb`s, knv`st kn n`w precubts gnc s`rvkb`s te ta` i`n`lkt

e

ta`

trgvòknh puiokb, gnc `nagnb` ta` gkr bgnk`rs' vkgikokty iy lkooknh brktkbgo hgps kn Còtg's

gnc Nertaw`st's knt`rngtkengo reut` n`twerjs.

Se ta` `xt`nt tagt ta` reut` trgnsl`rs agv` gny kdpgbt en ced`stkb bedp`tktken, ta` Feknt

Gppokbgnts dgkntgkn tagt ta` Ghr``d`nt wkoo `nagnb` ced`stkb bedp`tktken. Sa`y net`

tagt ta` trgnsgbtken wkoo oknj

<

P.R. bktk`s tagt gr` unkqu`

te

Còtg te 3; P.R. bktk`s tagt

gr` unkqu` te Nertaw`st, `ngioknh ta` bedikn`c gkr bgrrk`rs te benn`bt ta`s` 77= P.R.

bktk`s te n`w c`stkngtkens, i`n`lktknh bensud`rs wkta got`rngt` gnc der` `llkbk`nt

reutknhs, kdprev`c benn`btkvkty, knbr`gs`c lr`qu`nbk`s, gnc kdprev`c trgvò tkd`s. Sa`y

gss`rt tagt taks n`w ced`stkb s`rvkb` ogncsbgp` wkoo precub` der` s`rvkb` eppertunktk`s,

9

Re tagt Nertaw`st wkoo i` gio` te ep`rgt` Còtg reut`s, fust

gs

Còtg wkoo i` gio` te ep`rgt` Nertaw`st

reut`s leooewknh ta` trgnsl`r

e

gutaerktk`s, w` gr` gd`ncknh Còtg's `benedkb gutaerktk`s iy bagnhknh ta`

ngd` e ta` aeoc`r lred Còtg Gkr Okn`s, lub. te Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. gnc/er Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s.

2

``

Erc`r 9===-;-3 gt 9.



82/112

0

gnc, kn turn, gooew ta` gkr bgrrk`rs te bedp`t` der` `ll`btkvòy ler ced`stkb pgss`nh`r

trgllkb.

Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts dgkntgkn tagt ta` prepes`c reut` trgnsl`r wkoo lest`r P.R.-logh

bedp`tktken

en

g werocwkc` igsks, gnc kn pgrtkbuogr hèhrgpakb r`hkens, iy `ngioknh ta`

lerdgtken

el

g der` `ll`btkv` gnc der` `xpgnskv` hoeigo P.R.-logh bedp`tkter, r`suotknh

kn gn kdprev`c P.R. trgc` pesktken kn knt`rngtkengo gkr trgnspertgtken dgrj t̀s. Sa`y net`

tagt ta` Còtg-Nertaw`st bedikngtken wkoo agv` g reut` n`twerj s`rvknh gieut

3== werocwkc` c`stkngtkens, knboucknh j`y bgpktgos, iuskn`ss b`nt`rs, gnc teurkst

c`stkngtkens kn @urep` gnc B`ntrgo Gd`rkbg (wa`r` Nertaw`st ags g rògtkvòy

sdgoo/okdkt`c pr`s`nb`), ta` Dkcco` @gst, Glrkbg, gnc Reuta Gd`rkbg (wa`r` Nertaw`st

prevkc`s ne gkr s`rvkb`), gnc gbress ta` ]gbklkb (wa`r` Còtg ags g sdgoo pr`s`nb`). Sa`

Feknt Gppokbgnts stgt` tagt taks `nagnb`c knt`rngtkengo hgt`wgy c`vòepd`nt wkoo prevkc`

n`w eptkens ler P.R. gnc ler`khn trgvò`rs wakba wkoo `ngio` ta` bedikn`c gkr bgn-k`r te

bedp`t` der` `ll`btkvòy kn ta` hoeigo dgrj`tpogb`.

Lkngooy, ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts stgt` tagt ta`y gr` beddktt`c te lgkr gnc `quktgio` knt`hrgtken

el

ta` ogier lerb`s gnc ce net gntkbkpgt` knveountgry luroeuhas

el

lrent-okn` P.R.

`dpoey``s. Sa`y dgkntgkn tagt ta` werj`rs gt Còtg-Nertaw`st wkoo i`n`lkt iy fei

hrewta eppertunktk`s tareuha reut` `xpgnskens gnc ta` gkr bgn-k`rs' `nagnb`c lkngnbkgo

vkgikokty. Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts stgt` tagt ta` `dpoey``s wkoo sagr` kn ta` subb`ss

el

ta`

bedikn`c bedpgny wkta prelkt sagrknh gnc ta` eppertunkty te r`b`kv` `qukty kn ta`

bedikn`c `ntkty. Sa`y `xp`bt tagt ta` `dpoey``s wkoo i` pgrt el g der` lkngnbkgooy

s`bur` bedpgny, prevkcknh knbr`gs`c fei s`bdkty.

Sa` Feknt Gppokbgnts agv` ell`r`c p`rsugskv` grhud`nts suppertknh ta` r`qu`st`c

trgnsl`r. Sa` trgnsl`r wkoo agv` ne n`hgtkv` kdpgbt en ta` trgc` pesktken

el

ta` Pnkt`c

Rtgt`s kn ta` knt`rngtkengo gkr trgnspertgtken dgrj`t. Còtg gnc Nertaw`st ep`rgt`

bedpo`d`ntgry ced`stkb gnc knt`rngtkengo n`twerjs wkta dknkdgo ev`rogppknh reut`s.

Saks bedikngtken saeuoc str`nhta`n Còtg's gikokty te ell`r n`w knt`rngtkengo nen-step

lokhats tagt n`kta`r kt ner Nertaw`st beuoc suppert knckvkcugooy.

C`spkt` ta` trgnsl`r el

knt`rngtkengo `benedkb gutaerkty lred Nertaw`st te Còtg, ta`

P.R. ced`stkb dgrj`t wkoo r`dgkn akhaoy bedp`tktkv`. Derèv`r, Nertaw`st's bun-`nt

ep`rgtkens wkoo i` knt`hrgt`c knte Còtg's `xkstknh ep`rgtkens, oknjknh < P.R. bktk`s tagt

gr` unkqu` te Còtg te 3; P.R. bktk`s tagt gr` unkqu` te Nertaw`st. Lurta`r, ta` vkgikokty

el

ieta gkr bgn-k`rs wkoo i` `nagnb`c gs g r`suot

el

ta` d r̀h`r. Sa` d`rh`r ks `xp`bt`c te

precub` gpprexkdgtòy 7. = ikooken kn gnnugo syn`rhk`s, wakba wkoo gooew ta` bedikn`c

gkr bgkSk r̀ ta` gikokty te lgb` nud`reus lkngnbkgo bagoo`nh`s.

ur

r`vk`w el ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts' po`gcknhs gnc eta`r cgtg gvgkogio` te ta` C`pgrtd`nt

rgks`s ne kssu`s tagt weuoc o`gc us te qu`stken ta` lktn`ss er bktkz`nsakp

el

Còtg,

Nertaw`st, Bedpgss, gnc D`sgig gs g r`suot

el

taks trgnsgbtken.

3

Sa`r`ler`, w` lknc tagt

g ` l bte

trgnsl`r

el

b`rtklkbgt` gnc eta`r knt`rngtkengo reut` gutaerktk`s aòc iy

3

Sa` C`pgrtd`nt r`b`ntoy benbouc`c bentknuknh lktn`ss r`vk`ws el ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts gnc leunc tagt

`gba r`dgkn`c lkt te bencubt ep`rgtkens

gs

P.R. b`rtklkbgt`c gkr bgrrk`rs.



83/112

<

N=7kaw`st, Bedpgss, gnc D`sgig te Nertaw`st, Bedpgss gnc D`sgig unc`r ta`

bedden ewn`rsakp e Còtg, gs wòo gs g trgnsl`r e ta` b`rtklkbgt`s gnc knt`rngtkengo

gutaerktk`s aòc iy Nertaw`st te Còtg gnc/er Nertaw`st, ks kn ta` puiokb knt`r`st gnc ce`s

net benlokbt wkta eur knt`rngtkengo gvkgtken peokby eif`btkv`s.

70

Se lgbkoktgt` ta` ep`rgtkengo knt`hrgtken e Nertaw`st gnc Còtg, ta` C`pgkkd`nt knt`ncs

te gd`nc goo b`rtklkbgt`s gnc gutaerktk`s aòc iy ieta Nertaw`st gnc Còtg iy bagnhknh

ta` ngd`

e ta` gutaerkty aeoc`r te Còtg Gkr Okn s̀, Knb. gnc/er Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb.

X` net`, aew`v`r, tagt enoy en` gkr bgrrk`r, `kta`r Còtg er Nertaw`st, iut net ieta e

ta`d, dgy ep`rgt` er i` c`skhngt`c te ep`rgt` ev`r g reut` er reut` s`hd`nt wa`r` ta`

t`rds e gn gkr trgnspert ghr``d`nt okdkt P.R. gkr

bdSk`r

`ntry en tagt reut` er reut`

s`hd`nt

te

en` gkr bgrrk`r er ta` eta`r.

YEPS@ KNS@HYGSKEN

X` wkoo hrgnt ta` Feknt Gppokbgnts' r`qu`st te knt`hrgt` ta`kr knt r̀ngtkengo gutaerkty. X`

lknc tagt gpprevgo

e

taks r`qu`st ks kn ta` puiokb knt`r`st

gs

kt wkoo prevkc` ta` gkr bdSk`rs

wkta dgxkdud ep`rgtknh lo`xkikokty gnc wkoo lgbkoktgt` ta` gikokty e ta` gkr bgrrk`rs

te

kdpo`d`nt ta` trgnsl`rr̀ c gutaerktk`s. Gs ks eur stgncgrc prgbtkb`, ta` reut` knt`hrgtken

gutaerkty hrgnt`c ks suif`bt te ta` prevkskens

e

ta` gvkgtken ghr``d`nts i`tw``n ta`

Pnkt`c Rtgt`s gnc ta` ler`khn beuntrk`s knveov`c, gnc

te

eur stgncgrc bencktkens

r`hgrcknh reut` knt`hrgtken kn okdkt`c-`ntry dgrj`ts.

GBBEYCKNHO[

7

X` hrgnt ta` r`qu`st e Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb., Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb., Bedpgss

Gkrokn`s, Knb., gnc D`sgig Gvkgtken, Knb., ler gpprevgo unc`r 3; P.R.B. § 377=0

e

ta` c` l bte trgnsl`r e ta` b`rtklkbgt`s gnc eta`r `benedkb gutaerktk`s aòc iy

Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb., Bedpgss Gkrokn`s, Knb., gnc D`sgig Gvkgtken, Knb.,

te

Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb., Bedpgss Gkrokn`s, Knb., gnc D`sgig Gvkgtken, Knb., unc`r

ta` ewn`rsakp

e

Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb.

9) X` trgnsl`r te Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. gnc/er Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb., ta` knt`rstgt` gnc

ler`khn gkr trgnspertgtken b`rtklkbgt`s burr`ntoy aòc iy Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb., gnc

gd`nc ta`d, kn ta` lerd gttgba`c (Gttgbad`nt G), iy bagnhknh ta` ngd` e ta`

aeoc`r lred Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb., te Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. gnc/er Nertaw`st

Gkrokn`s, Knb. X` trgnsl`r ta` `x`dptken gutaerkty gnc lr`qu`nby gooebgtkens okst`c kn

Gttgbad`nt I lred Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb., te Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. gnc/er

Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb.

70

Sa`

c` l bte

trgnsl`r

e

g ler`khn gkr trgnspertgtken b`rtklkbgt` ks suif`bt te ]r`skc`ntkgo r`vk`w unc`r

3; u.s.b. § 372=8.

Bgs` 2670-bv-=2231-D Cebud`nt 77-2 Lko`c 79/97/70 ]gh` 2< el


84/112

2) X` gd`nc ta` knt`rstgt` gnc ler`khn gkr trgnspertgtken b`rtklkbgt`s bdS`ntoy aòc iy

Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb., kn ta` l=7d gttgba`c (Gttgbad`nt B), iy bagnhknh ta` ngd` el

ta` aeoc`r lred Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb., te Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. gnc/er Nertaw`st

Gkrokn`s, Knb. X` trgnsl`r ta` `x`dptken gutaerkty gnc lr`qu`nby gooebgtkens okst`c

kn Gttgbad`nt C lred Còtg Gkrokn`s, Knb., te Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. gnc/er Nertaw`st

Gkrokn`s, Knb.

3) Pnc`r ta` t`rds el ta` iognj`t reut` knt`hrgtken b`rtklkbgt` gutaerkty aòc iy Còtg Gkr

Okn`s, Knb., gnc/er Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb., kn gbbercgnb` wkta pgrghrgpas 9 gnc

2

giev`, ta` bgrrk`rs dgy knt`hrgt` ta`kr b`rtklkbgt` gnc `x`dptken gutaerkty. Sa` reut`

knt`hrgtken gutaerkty hrgnt`c ks suif`bt te ta` bencktken tagt goo suba knt`hrgt`c

ep`rgtkens gr` kn bedpokgnb` wkta ta` prevkskens el goo gppokbgio` gvkgtken

ghr``d`nts, gnc prevkc`c lurta`r, tagt (g) netaknh kn ta` gwgrc

el

ta` reut`

knt`hrgtken gutaerkty hrgnt`c saeuoc i` benstru`c gs benl`rrknh upen Còtg Gkr Okn`s,

Knb. gnc/er Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb., gccktkengo rkhats (knboucknh lklta-lr``ced

knt`rd`ckgt` gnc/er i`yenc rkhats) te s`rv` dgrj`ts wa`r` P.R. gkr

bdSk`r

`ntry ks

okdkt`c uno`ss Còtg Gkr Okn`s, Knb. gnc/er Nertaw`st Gkrokn`s, Knb. lkrst netklk`s ta`

C`pgrtd`nt el kts knt`nt te s`rv` suba g dgrj`t gnc uno`ss gnc untko ta` C`pgrtd`nt

ags bedpo`t`c gny n`b`ssdy gkr bgrrk`r sò`btken preb`cur`s te c`t`rdkn` wakba gkr

bgrrk`r(s) saeuoc i` gutaerkz`c te `x`rbks` suba rkhats: gnc (i) saeuoc ta`r` i` g

r`qu`st iy gny gkr bgrrk`r te us` ta` okdkt`c-`ntry reut` rkhats tagt gr` knbouc`c kn taks

gutaerkty iy vkrtu`

el

ta` reut` knt`hrgtken gutaerkty hrgnt`c a`r`, iut wakba gr` net

i`knh us`c, ta` aeocknh el suba gutaerkty iy reut` knt`hrgtken wkoo net

Delta Motion to Dismiss and Brief

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Transcript of Delta Motion to Dismiss and Brief