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DELTA MECQuick Reference Guide FAR 117

March 2018

ALPA Scheduling Committee Contact Information

• 1-800-USA-ALPA,askfortheSchedulingCommittee• [email protected]

Be sure to download the Scheduling Reference Handbook from the Delta MEC website: www.alpa.org/dal/Committees/Scheduling.

The Scheduling Reference Handbook is also located on your com-pany-issued device under the “PWA & Supporting Documents” folder in the Content Locker.

mailto:[email protected]

https://www.alpa.org/dal/Committees/Scheduling

March 2018 Delta MEC Quick Reference Guide FAR 117 • i

Table of Contents

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Dealing with Interrupted Rest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Flight Time (Block) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

How to Track FAR Flight/Duty Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Dealing with Extensions to the Duty Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

What Report Time to Use and How to Calculate FDP Limits . . . . . . . . . . 13

Rescheduling, Reroutes, and Changes to Report Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

LatestAllowableTakeoffTime(LATT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

FAR Part 117 Reserve Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

Short-Call Reserve Availability Periods (RAPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24

What Am I Looking At? (Rotations) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

FAR Part 117 Unaugmented (Two-Pilot Crew) Non-Transoceanic . . . . . . 26

FAR Part 117 Unaugmented (Two-Pilot Crew) Transoceanic . . . . . . . . . . 28

FAR Part 117 Augmented (Three-Pilot Crew) Transoceanic . . . . . . . . . . . 30

FAR Part 117 Augmented (Four-Pilot Crew) Non-FRMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Rest-Augmented (Four-Pilot Crew) Non-FRMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

FAR Part 117 Augmented (Four-Pilot Crew) FRMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34

Rest-Augmented (Four-Pilot Crew) FRMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

FAR 117 LATT Quick Calculation Forms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

March 2018 Delta MEC Quick Reference Guide FAR 117 • 1

Introduction

Note: This guide is designed as a quick reference manual to certain por-tions of 14 CFR 117 and the Delta pilot working agreement (PWA). Nothing contained in this guide supersedes, amends, or replaces either source. In case of discrepancy, the FAR or the PWA is the final authority.

What’s New in This Edition:• Implements changes from FAA FAR 117 interpretations• Added Rescheduling/Reroute section

Our current PWA incorporates the most recent Part 117 FAA regulations withaddedbuffers toensurescheduledtimesandcompany-mandatedduty times past block-in are protected. Generally speaking, the Delta PWA scheduled duty times are :30 less than the FAA FDP times.

Duty time, rest time, and flight time must all be considered when deter-mining legality for each duty period and flight leg.

FAR 117 RemindersFlight duty periods (FDPs) are measured from report to block-in of the last flying segment (with no further expectations to fly). “Deadhead only” duty pe-riods, anddeadheadsat the endof theFDParenot countedas “flightduty” for FAR purposes (not part of an FDP), but do count as duty for PWA purposes (see Section 12 D.4).

Company-assigned deadheading is not rest in any circumstance.

FAR rest does not begin until company duties are completed. While an FDP ends at block-in, rest does not begin until 30 minutes after block-in.

FARflight-timelimitsare“rollinglimits”vs“calendarlimits.”

“Legaltostart,legaltofinish”hasbeeneliminated.At takeoff, you must beable tocompleteyourflight (ETEplus taxi-in time,as statedon theflightplan)withintheprescribedflightdutyperiod(plusanylegalexten-sion) andflight-timelimits,oryoucannotdepart.

FAR 117 has no distinction between international and domestic. It bases the new limits on crew complement: augmented or unaugmented. The PWA, however, retains work rules which areaffectedbythenatureoftheflyinginvolved,suchastransoceanicflying.

FAR 117 “Table B” is used for unaugmented operations.FAR 117 “Table C” is used for augmented operations.

2 • Delta MEC Quick Reference Guide FAR 117 March 2018

Definitions

FAR 117:ThesectionoftheFARsthatoutlinesrest,duty,andflightlimita-tionsforflightcrewsengagedinpassengertransport.

PWA: Pilot working agreement (the contract).

Duty TimePWA Duty: PWA duty period limit (with the exception of FRMS) is the same as the FDP table, with the exception that the maximum scheduled FDP is 30 minutes less than the table value. This number is the maximum sched-uled PWA duty day. You cannot be scheduled in excess of this PWA duty limit.

The allowable length of the PWA duty period depends on a variety of fac-tors,includingthereporttimeoftherotation,typeofflying,andaugmenta-tion, among others, and is contained in Section 12 D. of the PWA.

FAR 117 Duty: A flight duty period (FDP) is from report to block-in* of the lastflightsegment(notDHsegment),withnofurtherexpectationtofly.Duty required by the Company that is not part of an FDP (training, dead-heading, etc.) is not restricted by FAR 117 (but is restricted by the PWA Section 12 D. 4. for DH, and Section 11 F. for training); however, any duty required by the Company is not considered rest.* “Block-in” means “last intent to move an aircraft.”

The allowable length of a FAR FDP is determined by the time of report, number of legs, crew complement, and type of crew rest facilities. Unaug-mented crews use “Table B,” and augmented crews use “Table C.”

Short-Call Reserves: The FDP limit for short-call reserves is somewhat non-intuitive. The FDP limit is based on the report time of the rotation assigned (as derived from Table B or C). The period of time between the start of the short-call period and the report time of an assigned FDP is called the reserve availability period (RAP).

The total RAP plus FDP duty limit for a short-call reserve is the FDP limit (based on the report time of the rotation) plus up to four hours of RAP to the FDP limit in “Table B” or “Table C.” This time limit is measured from the start time of the short-call period. Duty does not start until sign-in. In unaugmented operations, max RAP + FDP is 16 hours.

Example: Joe B. O’Donuts is assigned a short-call reserve period that starts at 1000. At 1200 he is assigned an unaugmented four-leg rotation with a report of 1500. He enters Table B for a four-leg rotation reporting at 1500. Table B yields a 12-hour FDP. Adding four hours is 16 hours. The


16-hour FDP is now applied to the short-call start time of 1000, yielding an FDP end time of 0200.

Extensions to the Duty Day under FAR 117FAR 117: OnceyouhavefiguredyourFARmaximumFDPfromoneofthetables, that time can be extended up to two hours, with the concurrence of the PIC. For reserve pilots, Delta does not extend beyond the RAP + 4-hour maximum. The PWA provides that it is within the sole discretion of each individualpilot todeterminewhetherheorsheisfitfordutyandwillremain on duty beyond his or her applicable FDP or duty period, and if so, to what extent.

Note: A recent FAR 117 interpretation by the FAA of FAR 117.5(a) which requiresaflightcrewmemberto“reportforanyflightdutyperiodrestedand prepared to perform his or her assigned duties” applies only to duties that are assigned(aflightdutyperiod),not duties that could be assigned (such as an FDP extension). Thus a flightcrew member’s fitness-for-duty determination (including pre-FDP rest) is based on the assumption the FDP will not be extended and/or operated as assigned.

Limit: You cannot extend an FAR FDP more than 30 minutes if you have already extended a FDP more than 30 minutes, unless you have had a prospective 30-hour rest period between the two extensions. If the last leg of the duty period is a deadhead, it is not an FDP extension.

Tip: You may rescind the decision to extend your FDP at any time, even just after signing the FDRA.

Note: Pre-takeoffFDPextensionscannot cause the exceedance of any cu-mulative limits (such as 60 hours cumulative FDPs in a rolling 168-hour period).

Cumulative Duty Limits: 60 hours FDP in any rolling 168-hour period (~7 days) 190 hours FDP in any rolling 672-hour period (~28 days)

Gotcha! You cannot be rerouted into an extension. An extension cannot be used for a reroute if the extension is required at time of notification of the reroute. A reroute is a “foreseen circumstance,” and extensions are for un-foreseen circumstances only.

DeadheadsDeadhead-only periodsThe FAA does not consider a “deadhead only” day to be a FDP. The PWA does consider a deadhead-only day to be a duty period (Section 12 D. 4.) and is subject to some limitation.


Gotcha! If you are scheduled for a deadhead-only duty period, you can-not be rerouted into a flying leg after departure of theDH, because aDH-onlyperiodisnotanFDP,nordidacrewhaveanexpectationtofly.An FDP must be preceded by 10 hours of rest, which a DH leg is not. Any rerouteintoaflyinglegmusthave10hoursrestpriortoreport.

Deadhead before flyingDeadheadingbeforeaflyinglegis considered part of the FDP, but the leg doesnotcountasaflightsegmentforFARpurposes.DHsegmentspriortoaflyinglegdocountforPWApurposes,soyoumayseeadifferencebetween the PWA and FAR limits.

Deadhead after flyingThe FARs consider the block-inofyourfinalflyinglegastheendoftheFDP.Ifyouarescheduledtodeadheadafteraflyingsegment,FDPlimitsdonotapplybeyondtheblock-inofyourfinalflyingsegment;however,PWA Section 12 D. 4. provideslimitstodeadheadingafterflying.

Ifyouaredeadheadingafterflying(orasaDH-onlyevent)andexceedtheTable B FDP limit, the post deadhead rest period must be no less than 10 hours or the spent time in deadhead transportation.

Rest PeriodsPWA Rest: The time between duty periods under the PWA is called “break in duty,” and is measured from release to report. This means 30 minutes after block-in to report in for the next duty period.

FAR 117 Rest: This is the same as the PWA, but it’s not worded the same way. The FAA considers block-in on the last leg as the end of the FDP, but rest does not start until you are “released from duty,” including the comple-tion of any deadhead legs.

PWA “break in duty” and FAR rest does not begin until 30 minutes after block-in.

Read this!: With the minimum FAR required “rest” of 10 hours prior to report for an FDP, these PWA break-in-duty limits less than 10 hours are legal only prior to “deadhead only” duty periods. If you have less than 10 hours of rest preceding a DH-only day, you cannot be rerouted into flying until you have received 10 hours of rest.

You cannot be rerouted (i.e., rescheduled) to less than the minimum PWA scheduled break in duty (rest).

With FAR 117, the minimum rest period before any FDP is 10 hours. Period. This time cannot be reduced or waived. It is inviolate.


Further, the FAA requires that of that 10 hours, eight hours of uninterrupted sleep opportunity must be provided. If you do not have an opportunity for eight hours of uninterrupted sleep, you must contact Crew Tracking. This is a mandatory requirement of FAR 117.

Note: All rest must be prospectively assigned (meaning ahead of time). In other words, you must know that you are in a rest period for it to count as “rest.” Rest cannot be retroactively assigned. Prospective rest must have a known start time and known end time.

Note: Reserve pilots with availability remaining transition back into long-call status at their release time. There is no requirement for “rest after release” unless a 56-hour rest is triggered (see rest summary on next page) or a deadhead that exceeds the Table B limit. Rest is only required prior to the next FDP.

As “deadhead only” periods are not considered an FDP under the FARs, the 10-hour minimum rest does not apply, but the PWA requirements do.

PWA and FAR DifferencesOnce away from base, the PWA requires the minimum scheduled break in duty to be nine hours if the preceding and succeeding duty periods are less than or equal to 20 hours. This break in duty must be scheduled for a minimum of 10 hours if the surrounding duty periods are scheduled to be greater than 20 hours (PWA Section 12 G. 2.).

Due to delays, the actual minimum break in duty can be 8:15 for sur-rounding duty periods of 20 hours or less and nine hours for surrounding duty periods greater than 20 hours.

Prior to a transoceanic duty period (in base or away from base), the PWA requires :• 13-hour scheduled break in duty following duty periods of 13 hours

or less◊ Reducible after delays to 11 hours, or◊ Eight hours after a non-ocean crossing DH duty period.

Following a transoceanic duty period away from base, the PWA requires:• 13-hour scheduled break in duty for duty periods of 13 hours or less

◊ Reducible after delays to 11 hours, and• 18-hour scheduled break in duty for duty periods of more than 13

hours◊ Reducible after delays to 14 hours

In-base break in duty after a transoceanic duty period must be at least 13 hours.


Note: Because eight hours does not constitute a legal FAR rest period, you can only be scheduled for less than 10 hours rest prior to a duty period that does not contain an FDP.

Rest Time Summary:• 10 hours prior to any FDP• 30 continuous hours rest in any rolling 168-hour period prior to be-

ginning an FDP or short-call assignment.• 56 continuous hours of rest if you travel more than 60 degrees longi-

tude during FDPs where you are away from home base for more than 168 consecutive hours. This must include three physiological nights (0100–0700 local base time).

• The greater of 10 hours or the time spent in DH transportation, if the DH duty exceeds the Table B limit for the DH segments considered as iftheywereflyingsegments.


Dealing with Interrupted Rest

The FARs require eight hours of uninterrupted sleep opportunity. The PWA requires at least eight hours of uninterrupted sleep opportunity from the time you reach your hotel room (Section 12 G. 3. b.). If you do not have an opportunity for eight hours of uninterrupted sleep (delayed ground transportation, for example), you must contact Crew Tracking. This is a mandatory 117 requirement.

Further, if the required rest is interrupted for any reason, that rest period must be reset. Noise, climate, and phone calls are examples of factors that may be considered. The pilot is the sole authority over whether or not the rest was interrupted.

WhiletheCompanymayattemptcontact,apilotisundernoobligationtoansweracall,readanote,ordecipherawake-upnotification.Apilotmustdetermine if the contact interrupted rest, and then notify the company if it is determined the rest period must be reset.

Once in rest, the scheduled report time is controlling. If a report time is pushed back, the pilot’s report time will begin, and FDP calculated, as if a short-call RAP had begun at the original report time (but the pilot isn’t actually on short call). Rest may not be extended once it has begun, unless it is greater than 10 hours.

Flight Time (Block)

PWA Flight Time: There is no PWA restriction on non-ocean-crossing flighttime.

For transoceanic flights,thePWAlimitsflighttimetoeight hours sched-uled with a two-pilot complement, 12 hours scheduled with a three-pilot complement, and no restriction with a full relief crew.

FAR 117 Flight Time: TheFARslimitunaugmentedflighttimeduringaFDP to eight or nine hours, depending on the time of report. Augmented flightshavealimitationof13 hours for a three-pilot complement, and 17 hours forFDPswithareliefcrew.TherearenoblocklimitsforFRMSflights.

Note: “Legaltostart/legaltofinish”nolongerappliesforeitherdutytimeor flight time. Prior to takeoff, youmust ensure you can complete theflightsegmentwithinboththeFDPand the flight-time FAR limitations.

Cumulative Flight-Time Limits: 100 hours in any rolling 672-hour period (~28 days) 1,000 hours in any consecutive 365-day period


How to Track FAR Flight/Duty Times

FAR 117 utilizes rollinglimits,whicharesignificantlyhardertotrackthancalendar-based times.

If you have a smartphone or tablet with either the Android or iOS operat-ing system, there are a few apps that you can download to assist with this task. ALPA has an app that works on both platforms; search for “ALPA FAR 117” in your app store.

If you don’t have one of those devices, or aren’t particularly tech-savvy, you can track your times manually using a form with time lines.

If you have a favorite 117 tracking application, let us know and we’ll be happy to include it in our next revision.

FAR 117 Times in iCrewYou can access your running FAR 117 times in iCrew by logging in, se-lecting“Qualifications”fromthe“Personnel”drop-downmenu,select-ing “Block Hours Flown,” and then entering the desired time window.


Dealing with Extensions to the Duty Period

FAR 117 “Dispatch” or “Departure”: You must be legal to complete the flight based on the conditions present at takeoff. Thus if your flight isplanned for 3:00, and you’re near the limit of your FAR FDP limit, and you spend an extra 30 minutes in the de-ice pad, you need recheck to see if youcancompletetheflight(ETE+TaxiIn)withintheFDP(oranyother)limits. If not, you may not depart.

If the extension is known and required when the FDRA is signed, this sig-nifiesthateachpilothasacceptedtheextensionforthatflightsegment.Ifthe extension becomes required after pushback, FAR 117 requires the PIC tonotifythecertificateholderiftheextensionisacceptable.GoodCRMdictates the PIC speak with all crewmembers before responding to the Company. Extensions of the FAR 117 FDP, by any amount, always requires concurrence of each pilot. If the decision is made to extend, it is up to each pilot how much to extend, and this may rescinded or modified at any time.

Some important points to remember:• Pilots on a rotation might not have the same FAR limits.• Pre-takeoff extensions cannot cause any violation of the cumula-

tive FAR 117 limits.

Working with Dispatch/Crew Tracking to Ensure LegalityCaveat! The Company will always default to assuming you will concur with any legal extension. If you do not concur with an extension, you must contact Crew Tracking.

Crew Tracking, with pilot concurrence, may reduce the subsequent duty period’s report time by up to 30 minutes to ensure FAR required rest is achieved.

To meet a FAR legality issue,DispatchcanalsoadjusttheflightplantomeeteitheranFDPlimitorflight-timelimit,with the concurrence of the PIC.

The PIC must concur that any such adjustments are reasonable and prudent, given the conditions that exist, or are expected to exist. Such changes must have some basis in reality (no Mach 2.0 cruise speeds or 7,000 foot cruise altitudes).

Any FAR legality issues must be resolved prior to takeoff. Any LATT and Block concerns must be resolved prior to takeoff.


“Fatigue” vs “Fit for Duty”If you refuse an FDP extension, you will be asked if you are fatigued. Thereisasubtle,butimportantdifferencebetween“fatigue”and“fitnessfor duty” (or the lack thereof).

Fatigue is a “current event.” If you are at the gate, and cannot continue because you are physically exhausted, for example, that would be a case of fatigue.

On the other hand, if you are OK right this minute to depart, but due to anticipated conditions at the departure, en route, or destination and/or lengthofthedurationoftheflightyoufeelthatyoumaybefatiguedatsometimeinthefuture,thenthatisa“fitnessforduty”consideration.Ifyou feel that this is the case, you still cannot depart, as FAR 117 provides fora“fitnessforduty”checkpriortoanydeparture.Bothfitnessfordutyand fatigue have the same PWA application and implications.

TheFAAhasdeterminedthatfitnessfordutydeterminationisspecificto the assigned duties. For example, a pilot may determine he is rested and fittoflyDTW-MSN,butnotfittoflyDTW-SEA.TheFAAhasalsodeter-minedthatapilot’sobligationistoberestedandfitfortheassigned duties, not necessarily for those duties which may be assigned (reroute, change in crew complement, etc.). Delta policy, however, states that pilots report rested for the entire possible FDP per table B or C (no extensions), a situa-tion that may not be possible under all circumstances.

Crew Tracking Interaction during FDP ExtensionsPilots are reminded that any extension to the FDP requires the concur-rence of all pilots on the rotation, not just the PIC.

If you are in a situation where an FDP extension is required to complete theflight,youarerequiredtoconducta“fitnessforduty”check.Ifyoudeterminethatyouarenotfitforduty,thenyoucannot concur to the exten-sion, and you should so notify Crew Tracking.

“Notfittocontinue”isnot the same as a fatigue call. You are not required to say you are fatigued to refuse an FDP extension, only that you are “not fittocontinue.”

Your decision to not continue will be accepted without question from Crew Tracking. You may be directed to the OCC duty pilot to discuss coordination of accommodations. You are not required to inform or dis-cuss the reasons for any extension refusal any party other than your chief pilot after a rest period has taken place. Any discussion prior to such rest should be limited to not concurring to an extension because you don’t feel fitforduty.OCCdutypilotsarenot in the “chain of command,” and are


onlyconsidered“facilitators”;theyarenottodiscuss117fitnessrequire-ments or pay implications.

When to “Not Extend” and What Happens NextPilots are naturally proactive and mission-oriented. While it is operation-ally advantageous to notify Crew Tracking ahead of time when you may not be able to extend, you must wait to decline until the extension is ac-tuallyrequired.Youshouldneverextendifyouarefatiguedorunfittocomplete the assigned duties.

Sample Statement“After evaluating the conditions and circumstances of the flight segment, out of an abundance of caution, I cannot certify my fitness for duty for the extended flight duty period, and therefore decline to concur with the FDP extension:”

If you are in a position where Crew Tracking insists that you speak to another party (besides the OCC duty pilot or Crew Accommodations) or insists that you declare you are fatigued, simply inform them that you arenotrequiredtodoso,thatyouarenotfittocontinue,andyou’llbehappytodiscussanyrequiredclarificationwithyourbasechiefpilotafter your designated FAR rest period. Note that your FAR rest period does not begin until your company tasks (including any interaction with Crew Tracking) are concluded.

Fitness for Duty ReportYouarerequiredbythePWAtofillouta“FitnessforDutyReport”(FFDR)to explain an early termination of an FDP, or reasons for not extending a FDP. This report should be completed within 48 hours of the end of the FDP. An ASAP report is always encouraged as well, to involve the compa-ny, the union, and the FAA in any explanation.

The FFDR is found on DeltaNet, under Flight Operations > Administra-tion > Flight Reports. If a pilot removes themselves from duty due to fa-tigueorfitnessforduty,heorshemustsubmitaFFDRtotheCompanywithin 48 hours stating the circumstances that led to the pilot not being fitfordutyandthereforeunabletocompletetheFDPasscheduled.OncetheFFDRissubmitted,itwillbesenttotheFitnessReviewBoard(FRB).Ifinsufficientinformationwasprovidedintheinitialreport,thepilotwillbe contacted by the chief pilot and provided an opportunity to add addi-tional information.

Each month, the FRB will meet to review each report. The FRB is com-posed of two ALPA and two Company representatives. It is important to note that the pay treatment defaults to “paid” unless the FRB determines the situationdifferently.


If you have encountered any of the situations with Crew Tracking de-scribed above, or any other situation that you would classify as “pilot pushing,” please inform your LEC representatives, the Delta MEC Sched-ulingCommittee,and,assoonaspossible,file an ASAP report.

DAL ALPA Scheduling Committee 1-800-USA-ALPA [email protected] the MEC website, www.alpa.org/dal, select Pilot Report > Scheduling

mailto:[email protected]


What Report Time to Use and How to Calculate FDP Limits

These questions depend on your acclimation, your report time, and the numberoflegsyouplantofly.

AnFDPbeginswhenaflightcrewmemberisrequiredtoreportfordutyandendsatblock-inofthelastflightsegmentwithnoexpectationtofly.At Delta Air Lines, a typical domestic rotation (no layover 30 hours or longer) contains one series of FDPs, while many international rotations contain more than one series of FDPs. A deadhead-only duty period is not anFDP,byFAAdefinition.

Apilotisacclimatedtoanentiretheater,andnottoaspecifictimezonewithin that theater. A pilot will most often be acclimated to the theater which encompasses their home base when beginning a rotation. A pilot changes theater if the ending point of an FDP is more than 60 degrees of longitude from the FDP departure point for that series of FDPs. A pilot must compare the longitude of the FDP end point to the longitude of the FDPdeparturepointtodetermineifheorsheistravellingtoadiffer-ent theater. See the Scheduling Reference Handbook, Airport Longitude Table.

Acclimation to a theater occurs when a crewmember has been in a theater for 72 hours or has been given at least 36 consecutive hours free from duty.

Tables A (block time), B, and C (duty period) limits are determined by a specificlocaltime.PilotsshouldusethelocaltimeasfollowstoenterTa-bles A, B, and C: A pilot beginning a new series of FDPs who is acclimated to a theater encompassing that FDP starting point should use the local time of that FDP starting point.

Important! If the FDP starting point is within 60 degrees longitude of the pilot’s home base, the pilot should use home base time.

Domestic PilotsA pilot who is acclimated to his or her base when reporting for a rotation and does not change theaters during the rotation will remain acclimated and continue to use the local time at his or her base to determine his or her limits throughout the rotation. A domestic category pilot is not likely to change theaters because none of the 48 contiguous states are separated by more than 60 degrees of longitude.

The short version is, for most cases, domestic pilots use their base re-port time to compute FDP and block limits.


For example: If you are based in DTW, and report for an FDP in SEA, you use the rotation report time in SEA converted to eastern time (DTW time) to determine the limits.

If you pick up an out-of-base trip (WS/GS), you are considered based in the city that the rotation begins.

International Pilots• A pilot beginning a new series of FDPs who is not acclimated to a the-

ater encompassing that FDP starting point should use the local time at the location where he or she most recently began a series of FDPs while acclimated to a theater encompassing the FDP starting point of that series.

For example: IfyouarebasedinATLandflytoCDG,butdonotaccli-mate, you still use ATL time to compute limits. You’ll need to convert the CDG report time to ATL time.

The FDP limitations in Tables B and C must be reduced by 30 minutes if the pilot is not acclimated to a theater that encompasses that individ-ual FDP starting point.

• A pilot continuing a series of FDPs should use the local time at the lo-cation where he or she most recently began a series of FDPs while accli-mated to a theater encompassing the FDP starting point of that series.

For example: IfyouarebasedinATL,andflytoCDG,butdo acclimate, you would then use the CDG time zone, as that is the place where accli-mation occurred.

Remember: DHsegmentspriortoaflyinglegcounttowardtheFDP,butnotasaflightsegmentforFARpurposes.Theydo count for PWA purpos-es.DHafterthelastflyinglegdoesnotcountforFDPorsegments,eitherfor the FARs or PWA. This does not include DH-only duty. That has its own rules (see Deadheads). Deadhead-only duty periods are not FDPs under the FARs, but they are duty, and they cannot be considered rest.

For More HelpThis is a tricky subject, and not particularly intuitive. There are multiple examples of these concepts in the Scheduling Reference Handbook.

Be sure to download the Scheduling Reference Handbook from the Delta MEC website at: www.alpa.org/dal/Committees/Scheduling.

The Scheduling Reference Handbook is located on your company-is-sued device in the content locker under the “PWA and Supporting Doc-uments” folder.

https://www.alpa.org/dal/Committees/Scheduling


Rescheduling, Reroutes, and Changes to Report Times

Prior to the Beginning of a Flight Duty PeriodChanges to an FDP report time once it has been assigned essentially con-verts the pilot into either a “long call” or “short call” reserve pilot, and mirrors those rules:

10 Hours or More Prior to ReportIf you receive 10 or more hours notice prior to the new report time, the FDP limit is based on the new report time. This mirrors the 10 hours rest before an FDP for long-call reserves, and includes the proviso for an eight-hour sleep opportunity.

Less Than 10 Hours to ReportIf your report time is rescheduled, and you receive less than 10 hours’ no-tice, the rescheduled FDP will be treated similar to a “short call reserve,” with a RAP start time at the original report time of the FDP (noted on the rotation as “Pay/Actual Report”). The new FDP will be based on the re-scheduled report time (noted as “airport report time”), but the RAP is considered to have begun at the original report time. The combination of new FDP and RAP cannot exceed the FDP limit plus four hours. The combination of FDP and RAP cannot exceed 16 hours for unaugmented operations.

When there is a change of your rotation report time within 10 hours of the originally scheduled report, an “Airport Report Time” will be displayed on your rotation below “Pay/Actual Report Time” as noted above.

This will require some mental math on your part. In essence, your origi-nal “Actual Report Time” represents the beginning of a pseudo-RAP and the “Airport Report Time” represents the report time for the rescheduled FDP.

TofigureoutyournewFDPlimit(the lesser value is most restrictive):

• Convert your “Airport Report Time” to your last acclimated city, and entertableBorCwiththenumberofflightsegments.

• Your FDP must end at the new report time (“Airport Report Time”) plus the FDP (from table B or C)

• And determine: Unaugmented: The original report time (IE “Actual Report Time”) Ta-

ble B value + four hours (not to exceed 16 hours) Augmented: The original report time (IE “Actual Report Time) Table

C value + four hours.


Remember, the lesser value is most restrictive!

Exception: If the FDP intrudes into the pilot’s window of circadian low, the company must provide 12 hours’ notice, not 10, to use “long call” rules.

Note: The company is free to disregard the above, and keep the report at theoriginalscheduledtime.AllflyingmustbedonewithintheoriginalFDP limit. Reference FAR 117.21.d.

During the FDPGeneralYou cannot be rerouted into an extension, a reroute must be legal at the timeofnotification

DiversionsSegmentsflownduetoadiversiondonotcountasan“extra”segment,nor do they cause a recalculation of the FDP if you continue to the original destination.Youmust,however,stillfinishwithintheoriginalFDPlimits,with any extensions applied, provided that each crewmember determines theyarefittoextend.

Additional LegsThe FDP must be recalculated using the original report time and the new total number of legs during the FDP.

Deleted LegsThe FDP must be recalculated using the original report time and the new number of legs.

DeadheadsYoucannotbereroutedintoaflyinglegduringadeadhead-onlydutype-riod. If you have had 10 hours of rest prior to report, you can be rerouted toflyaslongasyouarecontactednolaterthanreport.Afterreportyoumaynotbereroutedtofly.Oncetheflightdeparts,youcannotbereroutedtofly.

YoucannotbereroutedintoaflyinglegfromaDHlegaftertheblock-inofthelastflyingleg,unlessyouwerenotifiedpriortoyourFDPending.

You canbereroutedintoaflyinglegfromaDHlegiftheDHlegispriortoascheduledflyingleg.Anychangeinthenumberofflyinglegsrequiresrecalculation of the FDP limits.


Return-to-Gate CancellationsIf,priortotakeoff,theflightcancelsandyoureturntothegate,thelegdoes notcountasaflightsegment.

Unscheduled AugmentationThe FDP limits cannot be changed after report time by augmenting the crew.

Anticipated Completion of Flight Duty PeriodThe Company must give some reasonable expectation, with constructive notification,offlyingpastthescheduledendofanFDPprior to block-in of the last flying leg to be rescheduled past the end of the FDP. Rescheduling of the FDP must occur prior to the end of the FDP, which terminates at block-inofthelastflyinglegwherethereisnofurtherexpectationofair-craft movement. An FDP cannot be restarted after block-in, and requires 10 hours’ rest prior to the next FDP.


Notes:


Latest Allowable Takeoff Time (LATT)

AsignificantchangethatFAR117hasimplementedistheeliminationof“legaltostart,legaltofinish.”Whenyouadvancethethrottlesfortakeoff,theETEand taxi-in timesasdisplayedonyourflightplanmust showyourflightwithinboththespecifiedFDP(withanylegalextensions)andthespecifiedflight-time limit (block) for theday.The flight plan must be reasonable for the conditions expected.

Because of this, we need to know when is the latest time we can depart and still remain within these two limits. That time is known as the latest allowabletakeofftime,orLATT.

There are two different kinds of LATT, one for duty time, and another for flight (block) time. After block out, the earliest LATT controls!

FDP LATTTo compute your LATT to remain within your FDP, there are four num-bersyouneedtoknow:Yourreporttime,yourallowableflightdutyperi-od, your estimated time en route, and your taxi-in time.

Report time and FDP limits can be found on your rotation.

TheETEandtaxi-intimecanbefoundonthereleaseforyourflight.Theseare the only times that can be used for LATT calculations. If they change, a newflightplanisrequired.

iCrew Rotation DisplayReport Time

Unextended FDP Limit/Max Extend-ed FDP Limit/Max BlockNote: Each pilot has separate limits

Estimated Time En Route (ETE) Taxi-In Time(Foundinmultiplespots) (Foundatthebottomofthe fuel-planning block)


To calculate your FDP LATT, complete the following:Report time + FDP – ETE – taxi-in time = FDP LATT

From this LATT, you can apply any legal extensions, as determined by your individual situation.

Note: Legal extensions canbeaffectedbypreviousextensions, reserveduty, or cumulative duty limits!

Theflightplanaddendumincludesthiscalculation,basedoncompanydata:

ThefirstlineindicatestheLATTwiththebasicFDPlimitapplied.Thesec-ond line indicates the LATT with the maximum legal extension (up to two hours)applied,whichrequirespilotconcurrence.Dependingonfitness,the pilot may choose to reduce the extension applied, or not concur with any extension at all.

Flight-Time LATT (Block Time)Computingtheflight-timeLATTisabittrickier,sinceyoucan’tdoituntilyoublockout.Onceblockedout,yourtaxitimecountstowardyourflighttime limit.

To compute the flight-time LATT, complete the following:Blockouttime+blocktimelimit–timealreadyflownintheFDP–ETE–taxi-in=flight-timeLATT

Example: Outat1500z+9:00fight-timelimit–4:00hoursalreadyflown–3:30ETE–0:05taxi-in=flight-timeLATTof16:25z

Fortunately, the company provides a calculation form with most of the mathalreadydone,foreachpilot,withtheupdatedweatherbriefing:


After block out, enter the “block out” time in the “out” space, add the “maxtaxi”andthiswillprovidetheflight-timeLATT.Note, the “max taxi” number is calculated by subtracting the ETE and taxi in time from your remain-ing flight time in the FDP.

ACARS NotificationIf it is determined that any required crewmember has a computed LATT, flighttime(block),ormaxextendedflightdutyperiod(FDP)within30minutes of the current time, an ACARS message will be automatically sent to the aircraft providing the LATT time and the employee number of theaffectedcrewmember.

The message will include the employee number, date, LATT (in zulu) and if the LATT is an FDP or block limit. FDP limits will note if any extension is applied.


FAR Part 117 Reserve Limits

Notifications to assignments: CrewSchedulingmust attempt to call apilot at all numbers listed in DBMS for any assignment (rotation, short call, rest) unless:

• Assignment is shown on the pilot’s line at the required prerelease schedule check,

• Assignment is placed on the pilot’s schedule no later than nine hours beforethestartofanon-callday,whichfollowsanon-flyday.Thisisnormally1500onthenon-flydaypriortotheon-callday,butmayvarybasedonthetimeapilot’snon-flystatusends(forexample,aftera 56 hour rest period or GS payback days).

• Atrainingdayisnotanon-flyday,andtheaboverulesdonotapply.

Prerelease Schedule Checks: Reserve pilots are still required to check their schedule via iCREW or IVR prior to release from their rotations. During this prerelease schedule check, they may be only be assigned:• A rotation reporting as soon as 12 hours after release• Short call beginning as soon as 12 hours• Rest beginning immediately upon release• Since the pilot’s FDP has ended, they cannot be assigned additional

flyingforthejust-endedFDPduringthischeck

If not assigned any of the above, the pilot transitions back to long-call status at their release time. There is no automatic “rest after release” unless some compensatory rest is required.

Long-Call ReserveComing off a non-fly day other than vacation (X-Day, etc.):Therequirementtoperformaschedulecheckcomingoffanon-flydayhas been eliminated. The earliest report that can be assigned is 1000 (as-suming on-call day began at 0000 + 10 hours mandatory prerotation rest), provided the assignment is made nine hours prior to the end of the last non-flyday.

Trip AssignmentsLong-calltripassignmentnotificationis12hourstoreport.Thereisnolonger a requirement to acknowledge any long-call reserve assignments. You are expected to notify Crew Scheduling if you cannot report or are unfitfordutyatleastthreehourspriortoreport.

Conversion to Short CallNotificationforconversiontoshort-callreserveis12hours,sameaslong-call trip assignments. There is no acknowledgment requirement.


If Assigned a Rest PeriodOn the prerelease schedule check, a pilot may assigned to begin rest upon release, or via direct telephone contact may be placed on rest immediately. If not contacted directly by Crew Scheduling, a pilot will have such rest periodbeginnoearlierthantwohoursfollowingthefirstattemptedcon-tact. In such case, the pilot must inform the Company within nine hours offirstattemptedcontactifheorshewasunabletobegintherestperiodas scheduled.


Short-Call Reserve Availability Periods (RAPS)

Maximum short-call RAP = 12 hours

Must be promptly available for contact

Must have 10 hours of prospective rest assigned before start of short-call RAP.

Short-Call Reserve FDP LimitsUnaugmented Ops (two-pilot crew)Four “clocks” limit the length of the FDP on short-call reserve for unaug-mented ops:

The limit is the earlier of:• Table B limit (based on rotation report time) + four hours, beginning

at RAP start time• 16 hours,* beginning at RAP start time (RAP + FDP) *This may be extended to 18 hours per FAR 117, but Delta does not

extend these type of periods.• Table B limit, beginning at FDP report time (extendable by up to two

hours with pilot concurrence)• PWA scheduled duty day limits, which begin at FDP report time

Note: Extensions cannot cause any exceedance of cumulative limits!

Augmented Ops (three- or four-pilot crew)Three “clocks” limit the length of the FDP on short-call reserve• Table C limit (based on rotation report time) + four hours, beginning

at RAP start time• Table C limit, beginning at FDP report time

(Both of these limits are extendable by up to two hours with PIC concur-rence)

• PWA scheduled duty day limits, which begin at FDP report time

Note: Extensions cannot cause any exceedance of cumulative limits!


What Am I Looking At? (Rotations)

Rotations as they appear in the bid packages:

Note: All FDP times on bid packet rotations are unextended.

Rotations as they appear and print from iCrew:

Important Numbers:A: Thisisyourscheduledandactualreporttime(check-intimeforfirstday).Thesenumbersmaybedifferentduetorestrequirements.

B: Layover city, scheduled rest, hotel and total block

C: PWA data for “A” pilot. Top line represents scheduled FDP (12:09), max scheduled PWA FDP (13:30), and max extended FDP (16:00).

D: FAR data for “A” pilot. Bottom line represents themaxFARunex-tended FDP (14:00), max FAR extended FDP (16:00) and max block time (9:00). This line also shows last acclimated city and rest facility class on which the FDP is based.

E: PWA and FAR FDP data for “B” pilot.

Note: Crewmember limits may be different, and might not be able to extend the full two hours, depending on their own circumstances.

F: Report time for subsequent day. Pay and actual report times may be differentduetorestcircumstances.“ActualReport”representsactualreport time. “Airport Report Time” appears if you were rescheduled within 10 hours of report (See Rescheduling, Reroutes, and Changes to Report Times). If these values have been changed by Crew Scheduling, they will be prefaced by “New.”

A

B

CDE

F

Report Time

Scheduled FDP/FAR Max FDP (with no extention)

PWA FDP/PWA Max Scheduled FDP

Scheduled Block/FAR Max Block

Total FDP for Rotations


FAR Part 117 Unaugmented (Two-Pilot Crew) Non-Transoceanic

Limits within a Flight Duty Period:

Flight Time (from Table A)ACCLIMATED REPORT TIME MAX FLIGHT TIME

0000–0459, 2000–2359 8 hours

0500–1959 9 hours

Daily Flight Duty Period Limits (hours) Table BWhen reporting not acclimated—reduce Part 117 limit by .5 hours

REPORT TIME 1–2 LEGS 3 LEGS 4 LEGS 5 LEGS 6 LEGS 7+ LEGS

00:00–03:59 9 9 9 9 9 9

04:00–04:59 10 10 10 9 9 9

05:00–05:59 12 12 12 11.5 11 10.5

06:00–06:59 13 12 12 11.5 11 10.5

07:00–11:59 14 13 13 12.5 12 11.5

12:00–12:59 13 13 13 12.5 12 11.5

13:00–16:59 12 12 12 11.5 11 10.5

17:00–20:59 12 11 11 10 9 9

21:00–21:59 12 11 11 10 9 9

22:00–22:59 11 10 10 9 9 9

23:00–23:59 10 10 9 9 9 9FDPs are report in to block-in.

Note: Scheduled maximum duty is 30 minutes less.Note: Operating within the U.S. 48: Acclimated time is always your base time.

Before Takeoff Extensions:• No flight time limit extensions allowed before takeoff. Flight times are hard

limits.• FDP limit extensions allowed up to two hours over Part 117 limits

with all pilots’ concurrence. Pilots must refuse if unfit to extend, and not all crewmembers may be able to extend due to previous extensions or cumulative limits.

• FDP limit extensions over 30 minutes only once between 30-hour rest periods.

• Cumulative limits cannot be exceeded.• Extensions can be modified by pilots at any time within above

rules.


After Takeoff Extensions:• As necessary to safely land the aircraft at the destination or alternate• FDP limit extensions over 30 minutes only once between 30 hour rest

periods

Out of Duty Time/Block Time?FDP and block times must be within limits attakeoff.Youmustverifyyoucancompleteyourflightwithinlimitspriortotakeoff.Dispatchmayattemptto reduce scheduled block time in any way possible to remain legal. It is up to the PIC to determine what is “reasonable and appropriate.” If you project over any daily or cumulative FAR limit, you must not continue.

Before any FDP or Short-Call RAP:• 10 hours rest, including an eight-hour uninterrupted sleep opportu-

nity, immediately prior to beginning any rotation or short-call period (not required prior to rotation assigned during a short-call period).

• Minimum rest cannot be reduced!• 30 hours’ rest in the past 168 rolling hours (~7 days)• Rest is free of duty, and begins at release (30 min after block-in)• DHafterflightisnotpartoftheFDP,butispartofthePWAdutype-

riod and is not rest• DHbeforeflightispartoftheFDP• DH only is not a FDP, but determines acclimation status• After DH that exceeds Table B Flight Duty Period: Rest = DH length or

10 hours (greater)

Consecutive Night OpsNo more than three consecutive WOCLs (window of circadian low: 0200–0559acclimatedtime)interruptedbyFDPs.IfflownintothreeWOCLs,thenthepilotisnotrequiredtoflyintothefollowingtwoWOCLs(otherthan as late operations).

Cumulative Limits:Flight Time- 100 hours in rolling 672 hours (~28 days)- 1,000 hours in rolling 365 calendar days

Flight Duty Period Hours- 60 FDP hours in rolling 168 hours (~7 days)- 190 FDP hours in rolling 672 hours (~28 days)


FAR Part 117 Unaugmented (Two-Pilot Crew) Transoceanic


Flight Time:• Nomorethaneighthoursflighttime(PWArestriction)• Limited to two segments (PWA restriction)• FAR 117 flight-timelimits(fromTableA):

◊ 0000–0459 and 2000–2359 acclimated report time, eight hours maxflighttime

◊ 0500–1959acclimatedreporttime,ninehoursmaxflighttime

Daily Flight Duty Period Limits (hours) Table BWhen reporting not acclimated—reduce Part 117 limit by .5 hours

FDP LimitsREPORT TIME 1–2 LEGS

00:00–03:59 904:00–04:59 1005:00–05:59 1206:00–06:59 1307:00–11:59 1412:00–12:59 1313:00–16:59 1217:00–20:59 1221:00–21:59 1222:00–22:59 1123:00–23:59 10

FDPs are report in to block-in.PWA scheduled maximum duty is 30 minutes less.

Before Takeoff Extensions:• No flight time limit extensions allowed before takeoff.• Flight times are hard limits.• FDP limit extensions allowed up to two hours over Part 117 limits

with pilot concurrence. Pilots must refuse if unfit to extend.• FDP limit extensions over 30 minutes only once between 30-hour rest

periods.• Cumulative limits cannot be exceeded.• Extensionscanbemodifiedbypilotsatanytimewithinaboverules.


After Takeoff Extensions:• As necessary to safely land the aircraft at the destination or alternate.• FDP limit extensions over 30 minutes only once between 30-hour rest

periods

Out of Duty Time/Block Time?FDP and block times must be within limits attakeoff.Youmustverifyyoucancompleteyourflightwithinlimitspriortotakeoff.Dispatchmayattemptto reduce scheduled block time in any way possible to remain legal. It is up to the PIC to determine what is “reasonable and appropriate.” If you project over any daily or cumulative FAR limit, you must not continue.

RestBefore any FDP or short-call RAP:• 10 hours’ rest, including eight-hour uninterrupted sleep opportunity,

prior to beginning any rotation or short-call period. (not required pri-or to rotation assigned during a short-call period). Cannot be reduced!

• 30 hours’ rest in the past 168 rolling hours (~7 days)• DHafterflightisnotpartoftheFDP,butispartofthePWAdutype-

riod and is not rest• DHbeforeflightispartoftheFDP• DH only is not a FDP, but determines acclimation status• After DH that exceeds Table B Flight Duty Period: Rest = DH length or

10 hours (greater)• Rest is free of duty, and begins at release (30 minutes after block-in),

except for reserves who transition to long call.

Post Rotation RestPilotsfinishingatripofgreaterthan168hoursTAFBinwhichtheytrav-eled more than 60 degrees of longitude require a minimum of 56 hours rest upon return to base, including three physiological nights (0100–0700 base time). This rest is inviolate, and cannot be reduced.

Consecutive Night OpsNo more than three consecutive WOCLs (window of circadian low, 0200–0559acclimatedtime)interruptedbyFDPs.IfflownintothreeWOCLs,thenthepilotisnotrequirednotflyintothefollowingtwoWOCLsotherthan as late operations.

Cumulative Limits:Flight Time- 100 hours in rolling 672 hours (~28 days)- 1,000 hours in rolling 365 calendar days

Flight Duty Period Hours- 60 FDP hours in rolling 168 hours (~7 days)- 190 FDP hours in rolling 672 hours (~28 days)


FAR Part 117 Augmented (Three-Pilot Crew) Transoceanic


Flight Time: • No more than 12 hours scheduled per duty period (PWA restriction)• Limited to two segments (PWA restriction)• FAR 117 limit of 13 hours per duty period

Daily Flight Duty Period Limits Table CWhen reporting not acclimated—reduce by 0.5 hours

SCHEDULED REPORT TIME (ACCLIMATED)

MAXIMUM FLIGHT DUTY PERIOD (HOURS) BASED ON REST FACILITY CLASS

CLASS 1 CLASS 2 CLASS 3

0000–0559 15 14 130600–0659 16 15 140700–1259 17 16.5 151300–1659 16 15 141700–2359 15 14 13

FDPs are report in to block-in. PWA scheduled maximum duty is 30 minutes less.

Before Takeoff Extensions:• No flight time limit extensions allowed before takeoff.• Flight times are hard limits.• FDP limit extensions allowed up to 2 hours over Part 117 limits with

pilotconcurrence.Pilotsmustrefuseifunfittoextend.• FDP limit extensions over 30 minutes only once between 30-hour rest

periods• Cumulative limits cannot be exceeded• Extensions can be modified by pilot at any time within above rules

After Takeoff Extensions:• As necessary to safely land the aircraft at the destination or alternate• FDP limit extensions over 30 minutes only once between 30-hour rest

periods

Out of Duty Time/Block Time?FDP and block times must be within limits attakeoff.Youmustverifyyoucancompleteyourflightwithinlimitspriortotakeoff.Dispatchmayat-tempt to reduce scheduled block time in any way possible to remain legal. It is up to the PIC to determine what is “reasonable and appropriate.” If you project over any daily or cumulative FAR limit, you must not continue.


Rest-Augmented (Three-Pilot Crew)Before any FDP or short-call RAP:• 10 hours’ rest, including eight-hour uninterrupted sleep opportunity,

prior to beginning any rotation or short-call period (not required pri-or to rotation assigned during a short-call period). Cannot be reduced!

• 30 hours rest in the past 168 rolling hours (~7 days)• Rest is free of duty, and begins at release (30 min after block-in). except

forreserveswhotransitiontolongcallDHafterflightisnotpartofthe FDP, but is part of the PWA duty period and is not rest

• DHbeforeflightispartoftheFDP• DH only is not a FDP, but determines acclimation status, change of

theater, and time zone for Table C


Consecutive Night OpsNo more than three consecutive WOCLs (window of circadian low, 0200–0559acclimatedtime)interruptedbyFDPs.IfflownintothreeWOCLs,thenpilotnotrequirednotflyintothefollowingtwoWOCLs(reducibleto one at pilot discretion).

Theater and Acclimation• Theater is a geographical area in which the FDP departure and arriv-

alpointdifferby60degreeslongitudeorless.• Acclimated means the pilot has been in a theater for 72 hours or has

been free from duty for 36 hours.

Changing Augmentation• An FDP cannot be extended by modifying the augmentation (e.g., add-

ingathirdpilottoadelayedflight).• An FDP can be reduced if the augmentation is changed (e.g., third pilot

calls in sick with no reserve available, and trip is legal for two-pilot ops).• AnFDPcanbemodifiedorrecalculatediftherestfacilityischanged

(e.g.,aMELisfixed,takingtherestfacilityfromaClass3toaClass2).• IfanFDPismodifiedduetochangingtheaugmentation,apilotisex-

pectedtobeabletoflyalegalsegmentbut,asalways,changingcondi-tionsandcircumstanceswarrantaself-evaluationonfitnesstofly.

Cumulative Limits:Flight Time Flight Duty Period Hours100 hours in rolling 672 hours 60 FDP hours in rolling 168 hours 1,000 hours in rolling 365 calendar days 190 FDP hours in rolling 672 hours

168 hours = ~7 days, 672 hours = ~ 28 days


FAR Part 117 Augmented (Four-Pilot Crew) Non-FRMS(excl. MAC Flights)


Flight Time: No more than 17 hours in an FDP (FAR 117 limit)

Daily Flight Duty Period Limits Table CWhen reporting not acclimated—reduce by .5 hours

SCHEDULED REPORT TIME (ACCLIMATED)

MAXIMUM FLIGHT DUTY PERIOD (HOURS) BASED ON REST FACILITY CLASS

CLASS 1 CLASS 2 CLASS 3

0000–0559 17 15.5 13.50600–0659 18.5 16.5 14.50700–1259 19 18 15.51300–1659 18.5 16.5 14.51700–2359 17 15.5 13.5

FDPs are report in to block-in.PWA scheduled maximum duty is 30 minutes less.

Before Takeoff Extensions:• No flight time limit extensions allowed before takeoff. Flight times are hard

limits.• FDP limit extensions allowed up to two hours over Part 117 limits


periods• Cumulative limits can not be exceeded• Extensions can be modified by PIC at any time within above rules

After Takeoff Extensions:• As necessary to safely land the aircraft at the destination or alternate• FDP limit extensions over 30 minutes only once between 30-hour rest

periods

Out of Duty Time/Block Time?FDP and block times must be within limits attakeoff.Youmustverifyyoucancompleteyourflightwithin limitsprior to takeoff.Dispatchmayat-tempt to reduce scheduled block time in any way possible to remain legal. It is up to the PIC to determine what is “reasonable and appropriate.” If you project over any daily or cumulative FAR limit, you must not continue.


Rest-Augmented (Four-Pilot Crew) Non-FRMS

Before any FDP or short-call RAP:• 10 hours’ rest, including eight-hour uninterrupted sleep opportunity,

prior to beginning any rotation or short-call period (not required pri-or to rotation assigned during a short-call period). Cannot be reduced!

• 30 hours rest in the past 168 rolling hours (~7 days)• Rest is free of duty, and begins at release (30 min after block-in) except

for reserves who transition to long call.• DHafterflightisnotpartoftheFDP,butispartofthePWAdutype-

riod and is not rest• DHbeforeflightispartoftheFDP• DH only is not a FDP, but determines acclimation status, change of



Consecutive Night OpsNo more than three consecutive WOCLs (window of circadian low: 0200–0559acclimatedtime)interruptedbyFDPs.IfflownintothreeWOCLs,thenpilotnotrequirednotflyintothefollowingtwoWOCLs(reducibleto one at pilot discretion).

Theater and Acclimation• Theater is a geographical area in which the FDP Departure and arriv-

alpointdifferby60degreeslongitudeorless.• Acclimated means the pilot has been in a theater for 72 hours or has

been free from duty for 36 hours

Changing Augmentation• An FDP cannot be extended by modifying the augmentation (e.g., add-

ingathirdpilottoadelayedflight).• An FDP can be reduced if the augmentation is changed (e.g., third pilot

calls in sick with no reserve available, and trip is legal for two-pilot ops).• AnFDPcanbemodifiedorrecalculatediftherestfacilityischanged

(e.g.,anMELisfixed,takingtherestfacilityfromaClass3toaClass2).• IfanFDPismodifiedduetochangingtheaugmentation,apilotisex-

pectedtobeabletoflyalegalsegment,butasalways,changingcondi-tionsandcircumstanceswarrantaself-evaluationonfitnesstofly.

Cumulative Limits:Flight Time Flight Duty Period Hours100 hours in rolling 672 hours 60 FDP hours in rolling 168 hours 1,000 hours in rolling 365 calendar days 190 FDP hours in rolling 672 hours

168 hours = ~7 days, 672 hours = ~ 28 days


FAR Part 117 Augmented (Four-Pilot Crew) FRMS

Certain B-777/350 flights operate under FRMS rules, with four-pilot crew complement (see bid package).

FRMS (Fatigue Risk Management System)• CustomFARcarveoutsforspecificultra-long-haulops• Can only be used for four-pilot ops• Noflight-timelimit

PWA Maximum FDPThe PWA scheduling limit for FRMS FDPs (four-pilot crew, one scheduled landing) is the time of scheduled report to scheduled block-in (generally scheduled block time plus 90 minutes). Pilots will not be required to remain on such FDP more than two hours beyond this scheduling limit. (Reference Sec-tion 12 d. 1. exception 2.)

FAR Maximum FDP20.5 hours

FAR Maximum FDP with Two-Hour Extension22.5 hours

Out of Duty Time?FDPs must be within limits attakeoff.Youmustverifyyoucancompleteyourflightwithinlimitspriortotakeoff.Dispatchmayattempttoreducescheduled block time in any way possible to remain legal. It is up to the PIC to determine what is “reasonable and appropriate.” If you project over any daily or cumulative FAR limit, you must not continue.

Consecutive Night OpsNo more than three consecutive WOCLs (window of circadian low: 0200–0559acclimatedtime)interruptedbyFDPs.IfflownintothreeWOCLs,thenpilotnotrequirednotflyintothefollowingtwoWOCLs(reducibleto one at pilot discretion).

Before Takeoff Extensions:• There are no flight-timelimitsonFRMSflights.• FDP limit extensions allowed up to two hours over Part 117 limits


periods• Cumulative limits can not be exceeded• ExtensionscanbemodifiedbyPICatanytimewithinaboverules


Rest-Augmented (Four-Pilot Crew) FRMS

Before any FDP or RAP:• Planned pre-duty rest, based on the table below.• 30 hours rest in the past 168 rolling hours (~7 days)• Rest is free of duty and does not start until 30 minutes after block-in,

except for reserves who transition to long-call• DHafterflightisnotpartoftheFDP,butispartofthePWAduty

period and is not rest• DHbeforeflightispartoftheFDP• DH only is not a FDP, but determines acclimation status, change of


Pre-Rotation RestFurther, pilots operating under FRMS must have pre-rotation rest as follows:

FRMS OPERATIONPLANNED/MINIMUM

PRE DUTY RES*

ATL-JNB 24/18 hours

JNB-ATL 48/40 hours

0700–1659L from U.S. 24/13 hours

1700–0659L from U.S. 24/20 hours

Anytime to the U.S. (except from JNB) 24/20 hours

*Note: Planned rest must be prospectively scheduled. Reduced rest cannot be scheduled, even for reserves. Minimum rest only applies be-tween two previously scheduled trips that experience delays.

Post Rotation RestPilotsfinishingaFRMStriprequireaminimumof56 hours’ rest upon re-turn to base, including three physiological nights (0100–0700 base time). This rest is inviolate, and cannot be reduced.

Theater and AcclimationAcclimated—In a theater for 72 hours or free from duty for 36 hours.Theater—A geographical area where the FDP departure and arrival point differby60degreeslongitudeorless.


FAR 117 LATT Quick Calculation Form

Flight: ____________ Date: ____________ Report: __________________

FDP Limit: __________________________ Flight-Time Limit: _________

FDP LATT (complete before block out):Report time + FDP limit – ETE – taxi-in = FDP LATT

________ _________ ________ ________ ________

Flight-Time LATT (complete after block out)

________ _________ ________ ________ ________

Blockout+flighttimeremaining–ETE–taxi-in=FTLATT

After block out, earliest time controls!





________ _________ ________ ________ ________


________ _________ ________ ________ ________



PWA Duty Time Latest Block Out (LBO)

FAR 117 LATT Quick Calculation Forms






________ _________ ________ ________ ________


________ _________ ________ ________ ________







________ _________ ________ ________ ________


________ _________ ________ ________ ________




Notes:

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