DELHI

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Location on Map of India

Image Source: Wikipedia

Basic Facts about Delhi

● Formation of Union Territory: 1956

● Formation of National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT): 1 February 1992

● Lt. Governor: Anil Baijal

● Chief Minister: Arvind Kejriwal (AAP)

● Deputy Chief Minister: Manish Sisodia

● Commissioner of Police: Amulya Patnaik

● Literacy (2011): 86.21%

● Sex ratio (2011): 868 ♀/1000

Boundaries

● It is bordered by the state of Haryana on three sides and by Uttar Pradesh to

the east.

Image Source: Maps of India

NCR Map

Symbols of Delhi

1. State Animal: Nilgai

2. State Bird: House sparrow

3. State Tree: Flamboyant

4. State Flower: Alfalfa

History of Delhi

● The city is believed to be the site of

Indraprastha, the legendary capital of the

Pandavas in the Indian epic Mahabharata.

● Qutb-ud-din laid the foundation of the Delhi

Sultanate and the Mamluk dynasty. He began

construction of the Qutb Minar and Quwwat-al-

Islam mosque, the earliest extant mosque in

India.

● Razia Sultan, daughter of Iltutmish, succeeded

him as the Sultan of Delhi. She was the first and

only woman to rule over Delhi.

● The Mughal dynasty ruled Delhi for more than

three centuries, with a sixteen-year hiatus during

the reigns of Sher Shah Suri and Hemu from

1540 to 1556.

● Shah Jahan built the seventh city of Delhi that

bears his name Shahjahanabad, which served

as the capital of the Mughal Empire from 1638

and is today known as the Old City or Old Delhi.

● माना जाता है कि यह शहर भारतीय महािाव्य महाभाात

में पाांडव ां िी महान राजधानी इंद्रप्रस्थ िा स्थान है।

● कु ुब-उद-दीन ने किल्ली सल्तनत और मामलुि वांश िी

नी ांव रखी। उन् ांने कु ुब मीनात औत कुव्व -अल-इस्लाम

मस्जिि िा कनमााण शुरू किया, ज भारत िी सबसे पुरानी

कवलुप्त मस्जिि थी।

● इलु्ततकमश िी बेटी रज़िया सुल्तान ि सुल्तान बनाया

गया। वह किल्ली पर शासन िरने वाली पहली औत

एकमात्र मजहला थी।ं

● मुगल वांश ने 1540 से 1556 ति शेर शाह सूती औत हेमू

िे शासनिाल िे िौरान स लह साल िे अांतराल िे साथ,

तीन शतास्जिय ां से अकधि समय ति किल्ली पर शासन

किया।

● शाहजहााँ ने किल्ली िा सातवााँ शहर बनाया कजसिा नाम

शाहजहानाबाद रखा गया, ज 1638 से मुगल साम्राज्य िी

राजधानी िे रूप में िाया िरता था और आज इसे ओल्ड

कसटी या पुरानी किल्ली िे नाम से जाना जाता है।

History of Delhi

● In 1783, Sikhs under Baghel Singh captured

Delhi and Red Fort but due to the treaty signed,

Sikhs withdrew from Red Fort and agreed to

restore Shah Alam II as the emperor.

● In 1803, during the Second Anglo-Maratha War,

the forces of British East India Company

defeated the Maratha forces in the Battle of

Delhi.

● The city came under the direct control of the

British Government in 1858.

● The name "New Delhi" was given in 1927, and

the new capital was inaugurated on 13 February

1931.

● New Delhi, also known as Lutyens' Delhi, was

officially declared as the capital of the Union of

India after the country gained independence on

15 August 1947.

● 1783 में, बघेल कसांह िे अधीन कसख ां ने किल्ली और लाल

किले पर िब्जा िर कलया, लेकिन सांकध पर हस्ताक्षर किए

जाने िे िारण, कसख लाल किले से वापस चले गए और

शाह आलम जि ीय ि सम्राट िे रूप में बहाल िरने पर

सहमत हुए।

● 1803 में, कितीय आांग्ल-मराठा युद्ध िे िौरान, किकटश ईस्ट

इां कडया िां पनी िी सेना ने किल्ली िी लडाई में मराठा सेना

ि हराया।

● यह शहर 1858 में किकटश सरिार िे सीधे कनयांत्रण में आ

गया।

● "नई जदल्ली" नाम 1927 में किया गया था और 13 फरवरी

1931 ि नई राजधानी िा उि्घाटन किया गया था।

● नई किल्ली, कजसे लुजियंस जदल्ली िे रूप में भी जाना जाता

है, ि आकधिाररि तौर पर 15 अगस्त 1947 ि िेश ि

स्वतांत्रता कमलने िे बाि भारत सांघ िी राजधानी घ कित

किया गया था।

Geography

● Two prominent features of the geography of

Delhi are the Yamuna flood plains and the

Delhi ridge.

● The Yamuna river was the historical

boundary between Punjab and UP, and its

flood plains provide fertile alluvial soil suitable

for agriculture but are prone to recurrent

floods.

● The Hindon River separates Ghaziabad from

the eastern part of Delhi.

● The Delhi ridge originates from the Aravalli

Range in the south and encircles the west,

north-east and north-west parts of the city.

● किल्ली िे भूग ल िी ि प्रमुख कवशेिताएां

यमुना बाढ़ के मैदान औत जदल्ली के रतज

हैं।

● यमुना निी पंजाबऔत यूपी िे बीच िी

ऐकतहाकसि सीमा थी, और इसिे बाढ़ िे

मैिान िृकि िे कलए उपजाऊ जल ढ़ कमट्टी

प्रिान िरते हैं, लेकिन आवती बाढ़ िा खतरा

पैिा िरती है।

● जहंडन नदी गाकजयाबाि ि किल्ली िे पूवी

कहसे्स से अलग िरती है।

● किल्ली ररज िकक्षण में अतावली तेंज से शुरू

ह ता है और शहर िे पकिम, उत्तर-पूवा और

उत्तर-पकिम भाग ां ि घेरती है।

2015 Legislative Assembly elections

● In 2013, the Congress was ousted from power by the newly formed Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) led by

Arvind Kejriwal forming the government with outside support from the Congress.

● However, that government was short-lived, collapsing only after 49 days.

● Delhi was then under President's rule until February 2015.

● On 10 February 2015, the Aam Aadmi Party returned to power after a landslide victory, winning 67

out of the 70 seats in the Delhi Legislative Assembly.

General Facts

● Delhi hosted the first and ninth Asian Games in 1951 and 1982, respectively, 1983 NAM Summit,

2010 Men's Hockey World Cup, 2010 Commonwealth Games, 2012 BRICS Summit and was one of

the major host cities of the 2011 Cricket World Cup.

● Delhi is also the centre of the National Capital Region (NCR)

● Delhi is included in India's seismic zone-IV, indicating its vulnerability to major earthquakes.

● According to CSE and System of Air Quality Weather Forecasting and Research (SAFAR),

burning of agricultural waste in nearby Punjab, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh regions results in severe

intensification of smog over Delhi.

● The Parliament of India, the Rashtrapati Bhavan (Presidential Palace), Cabinet Secretariat and

the Supreme Court of India are located in the municipal district of New Delhi.

General Facts

● Indira Gandhi International Airport, situated to the south-west of Delhi, is the main

gateway for the city's domestic and international civilian air traffic.

● Hindon Domestic Airport in Ghaziabad was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra

Modi as the second airport for the Delhi-NCR Region on 8 March 2019.

● Delhi has the highest road density of 2103 km/100 km2 in India.

● Kashmiri Gate ISBT, Anand Vihar ISBT and Sarai Kale Khan ISBT are the main bus

terminals for outstation buses plying to neighbouring states.

● The Delhi Metro is a rapid transit system serving Delhi, Ghaziabad, Faridabad,

Gurgaon and Noida in the National Capital Region of India. Delhi Metro is the world's

tenth-largest metro system in terms of length.

General Facts

● Delhi Metro is being built and operated by the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited

(DMRC), a state-owned company with equal equity participation from Government of

India and Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi.

● The Delhi Metro project was spearheaded by Padma Vibhushan E. Sreedharan, the

Managing Director of DMRC and popularly known as the "Metro Man" of India.

● According to the 2011 census of India, the population of NCT of Delhi is 16,753,235.

● The Laxminarayan temple, Akshardham temple, Gurudwara Bangla Sahib, the

Bahá'í Lotus Temple and the ISKCON temple are examples of modern architecture.

● The National Museum and National Gallery of Modern Art are some of the largest

museums in the country.

Festivals in Delhi

● Diwali

● Mahavir Jayanti,

● Guru Nanak's Birthday

● Durga Puja

● The Qutub Festival

● Auto Expo

● New Delhi World Book Fair

● India International Trade Fair

● International Mango Festival

Famous Places of Delhi

● Jama Masjid

● Jantar Mantar

● Qutab Minar

● Rashtrapati Bhawan

● Red Fort

● Shanti Vana

● Vijay Ghat

● Raj Ghat

● India Gate

● Lotus Temple

Important Lakes in Delhi and nearby

● Surajkund

● Sanjay Lake

● Badkhal Lake

● Bhalswa Horseshoe Lake

● Tilyar Lake

● Karna Lake

● Najafgarh Lake

Important Forts in Delhi and nearby

● Tughlaqabad Fort

● The Red Fort

● Purana Qila-nd

● Feroz Shah Kotla-nd

● Qila Rai Pithora Main Fort-nd

UNESCO Heritage sites of Delhi

Humayun's Tomb: 1993

Red Fort Complex: 2007

Qutub Minar and its Monuments: 1993

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