Defnding the Defenders with StressWave Monitoring€¦ · Stress Wave Visualization – Virginia...
Transcript of Defnding the Defenders with StressWave Monitoring€¦ · Stress Wave Visualization – Virginia...
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Defnding the Defenders with StressWave MonitoringJanuary 2012
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Why is the military interested in prognostics or CBM+?
Condition-Based Maintenance Plus (CBM+) - What is it?
The CBM+ is a DoD proactive equipment maintenance capability- Uses system health indications to identify and predict
functional failure in advance of the event- Provides the ability to take appropriate action
Benefits- Increase operational availability and readiness throughout the
weapon system life cycle- Automation to improve maintenance productivity- Reduce the deployed footprint required to provide
maintenance services to combat units- Provide visibility of equipment status needed to implement
anticipatory logistics concepts
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Why is the military interested in StressWave Technology?
Technology initially demonstrated at U.S. Army Aviation Research and Technology Activity (AFSCOM) Fort Eustis, Virginia on a UH-60 helicopter transmission
Has been used by the U.S. Navy on LCAC for over 10 years for pre-deployment availability
Insensitive to operational vibration (e.g. helicopters, ground vehicles)
Real time condition assessment
New parameter which can be used to enhance current analysis techniques
Stress Wave Visualization – Virginia Tech
Temp
Flow
Pressure
Vibration
Friction
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Current Markets Served
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Marine
40 Ocean Liners
Wind Energy
4000 WTGs Serviced
100+ WTG 24/7
Over 10 sites
Process/Oil & Gas Power
Steel Mill Chemical Oil & Gas Fossil Fuel Nuclear
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Military Program Demonstrations
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Military Maritime
Surface Navy
Ground Military
Air Rotorcraft
Tankers Transport/Cargo
Helicopter Tilt Rotor
Hovercraft LAV Bradley/Abrams
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Demonstration of a StressWave System in the U.S. Army
Helicopter Transmission Test Cell
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Main Rotor TransmissionTesting of StressWaves
Seeded Faults
Spalled planet gear rolling element
Spalled planet gear
Main Module (MM) Timken bearing spall
MM input pinion gear spall
MM input pinion gear broken tooth
MM input pinion bearing integral race spall
Input module EDM’d roller bearing
Input module EDM’d ball bearing
Input pinion high vibration1/23/2012
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Helicopter Standard Flight Profile
STANDARD FLIGHT PROFILE
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TIME: Minutes
TQMR:
Lb.
- Ft.
CRUISECRUISE
HOVER
CLIMBDESCENT
CLIMB
DESCENT
TRANSITION TO HOVER
TAXI
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Data Fusion Architecture
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TEST CASE ADN FDN FLN FIN Actual Indicated Actual Indicated Actual Indicated Actual Indicated
"Best-build " Baseline OK OK OK OK
Shim survey Baseline A A OK OK
Spalled planet roller A A F F MM MM BRG BRG
Spalled tapered roller brg A A F F MM MM BRG BRG
Tooth spall + broken tooth A A F F MM/SIM MM/SIM GR
Bearing race spall A A F F MM MM BRG BRG
Gear spall A A F F MM MM GR GR
"EDM'd " ball & roller brgs A A F F PIM/SIM BRG BRG/GR
"EDM'd " ball & roller brgs A A F F PIM/SIM/MM SIM/MM BRG/GR BRGplus planet gear tooth fault
"EDM'd " ball & roller brgs A A F F PIM/SIM/MM PIM/SIM/MM BRG BRGplus "metal maker " MM
StressWave System Test Results
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Example of Deployed StressWave System in the U.S. Navy
Landing Craft Air Cushion ( LCAC)
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Importance of LCAC Worldwide Operations
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How does the Navy use StressWaves?
The U.S. Navy uses a portable StressWave System with deployments in Little Creek, VA and Camp Pendleton, CA
The system monitors each of the four (4) main engine gearboxes, the (2) forward offset gearboxes and the two (2) aft offset gearboxes
Testing is performed at the following intervals- Initial gearbox baseline condition assessment- Seventy-five (75) hour intervals of operation- Sixty (60) days prior to deployment- Sixty (60) days prior to induction into the Service Life
Extension Program (SLEP) or the Fleet Modernization Program (FMP)
Portable StressWave System
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Navy StressWave Data Analysis
Data Analysis is then performed on the StressWave Energy (SWE) data, Voltage Distribution (Histogram) data and Frequency Spectra (Fast Fourier Transform - FFT) data
Results of the analysis determine if gearbox removal and replacement is warranted
CONCLUSION
The Navy has found a number of issues using the StressWave System which would have resulted in critical failures during deployment and operations putting personnel and equipment at risk
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Time Waveform Plot
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SPS-49 Health Evaluation Case Study
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Safety Demonstration of StressWave System in new
Helicopter Transmission
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Example Sensor Placement
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Increasing and/or erratic SWE trends are signs of increasing contact stresses and imminent or existing damage
StressWave Operating History Comparison
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SWE increases significantly and consistently over three days prior to critical operational failure
Predictive Trend in SWE
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ChipDetector
Chip Detector
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13 Dec @ 16:10 14 Dec @ 18:10 15 Dec @ 01:16
Significant increases in the amplitude and number of both synchronous and asynchronous periodic friction/shock events throughout test. Significant growth of pinion 1/rev & harmonics are a particular concern.
FFT Plots
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13 Dec @ 16:10 14 Dec @ 18:10 15 Dec @ 01:16
Decreasing kurtosis, and skewness changes from positive, through 0, to negative, are signs of increasing dynamic contact stresses.
Peak Amplitude Histograms
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Electro-Mechanical Actuators (EMAs)
Motor Ch 2 was epoxy mounted (using a circular stud mount) here
Bearing Ch 1 was epoxy mounted (using a flange mount) here
Seeded Fault Testing- Good- Bad Bearing- Bad Ballscrew
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V-22 Prop Rotor Gear Box (PRGB)
Gearbox Oil Debris & Component Defect
Green Run Testing – Reduce Production Costs
Test Stand Monitoring
Future On-board application for safety/availability
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USMC LAV Differentials
Lubrication and Failure Prediction
Water and Sand Debris in Differentials cause early failures
Constant Oil Analysis not cost effective
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Bradley Transmissions
Life Tests - Transmission Failures
Data collection on transmissions during HALT Testing
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Abrams Engine & Transmission
Funding to support business case and testing at Aberdeen
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Tanker Fuel Bladder
Fuel Bladder separates in flight and leaks fuel
Need non-intrusive technology outside fuel vapor
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Fleet Management for Condition Based Maintenance
Engine/TransmissionLevel Status
Vehicle Level Status
Brigade Level StatusBrigade Overview:Multiple user-defined regionsUnlimited sites per regionUnlimited assets per siteHuge asset density on one page
Vehicle Overview:User defined asset categoriesMultiple user-defined sub-areasUnlimited assets per siteAll assets on one page if desired
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Projects in Progress
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Questions?
Proprietary & Confidential