Deficiency/Toxicity Symptoms

Burning: Severe localized yellowing, scotched appearance

Chlorosis: General yellowing of the plant tissue

Immobible: Not able to be moved from one part of the plant to the other

Terminology

Intervienal Chlorosis: Yellowing in between leaf veins, yet veins remain green

Localized: Symptoms limited to one leaf or one section of the leaf or plant

Mobile: Able to be moved from one part of the plant to another

Terminology

Mottling: Spotted, irregular, inconsistent pattern

Necrosis: Death of plant tissue; tissue browns and dies

Stunting: Decrease growth, shorter height of the affected plants

Terminology

1. Many symptoms appear similar (N and S)2. Multiple deficiencies and/or toxicities can

occur at the same time3. Crop species, and even some cultivars of

the same species, differ in their ability to adapt to nutrient deficiencies and toxicities.

Visual Cues

4. Pseduo deficiency symptoms (disease, drought, soil compaction, etc)

5. Signs may not be present in all situations6. Field symptoms appear different than

‘ideal’ symptoms.

Visual Cues

When essential elements are present in the plant in amounts smaller than minimum levels required for plant growth, the plant exhibits various external and internal symptoms.◦ 1. These symptoms may appear on any or all

organs of the plant including leaves, stems, roots, flowers fruit and seeds.

◦ A knowledge of these symptoms will help the student determine their cause and aid in finding the cure

Nutrient Deficiency

Nitrogen Deficiency 1. slow growth,

stunted plants, 2. plants are light

green to yellow in color (chlorotic), and

3. "firing" of tips and center position of leaves beginning with the older leaves.

Phosphorus Deficiency 1. slow and stunted

growth,2. purplish coloration on

foliage of some plants

(this may be associated or confused with cool or cold temperatures),

3. dark green coloration with tips of leaves dying,

4. delayed maturity, and

5. poor grain, fruit or seed development.

Potassium Deficiency1. tip and marginal leaf

chlorosis and then death starting on more mature (most recently eveloped fully mature) leaves,

2. weak stalks, plants "lodge" easily,

3. small fruit or shriveled seeds, and

4. 4. plants have thin shoots and in severe cases show dieback.

Micronutrient

1. Cl 2. Fe3. B4. Mn5. Zn6. Co7. Mo8. Ni

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