Declining social capital in the Netherlands and beyond?
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Declining social capital in the Declining social capital in the Netherlands and beyond?Netherlands and beyond?
Hans Schmeets
Statistics Netherlands / Maastricht University
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Overview
- Social capital in The Netherlands and Europe
- Trends in social capital
- Social capital and Well-being
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Social Trust (trust in others) by country, 2010
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Source: CBS/ESS
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Trust and Participation in 17 European countries
The Netherlands: high trust - Trust in other people: 5th- Trust in national parliament: 5th- Trust in politicians: 1st
And also high in participation:- Social contacts: 3th- Volunteering: 1st- Political participation: 5th
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Trust in national parliament by country, 2010
Source: CBS/ESS
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Trust in politicians by country, 2010
Source: CBS/ESS
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From High Trust into Low Trust?
“In just a few years the Netherlands slipped from a high trust society to a low trust society.(…) Politicians fuel the dissatisfaction amongst the population.”(Fukuyama, 2010)
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Decline in social capital in NL?
NO! Aspects of social capital are stable or even increasing:
- Social trust: increase- Institutional and political trust: increase
- Contacts with friends and family: increase- Contacts with neighbours: stable- Providing informal help: stable- Volunteer work: stable/increasing- Political actions: stable- Turnout: stable
…..Examples…
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Social and institutional trust (NL)
30
40
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60
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80
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010
Politicians Judges Police Social trust
%
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1997 2009
Relatives 82% 86%
Friends 77% 80%
Neighbours 67% 66%
Social contacts: weekly
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Informal help: past month
1997 2009
Informal help (general)
31% 30%
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Volunteering, 1997-2009
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Past 12 months 'at present'
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Trends in Voter Turnout, 1989-2011
• 1989 - 2011 : stable
• Parliamentary• Regional• Municipal• European
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Turnout Elections, 1989-2011
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90
1989
1990
1991
1992
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1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
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2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
%
Parliamentary Regional European Municipal
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Political participation and Proxy Voting, 2006-2010
75.4%80.4%TurnoutParliamentary
Elections
37%36%Politicalactions
8%12%Proxy voting
20102006
75.4%80.4%TurnoutParliamentary
Elections
37%36%Politicalactions
8%12%Proxy voting
20102006
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Large differences between subpopulations
- Religion: - Higher scores among protestants, lower
among Muslims
- Education: - Higher scores among higher educated
- Country of origin - Native population higher, non-western
immigrants lower
example
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Contactfamily
Volunteering Voterturnout
Social trust Trustparliament
primary school lower vocational
medium secondary higher secundary
university
Aspects of social capital by education
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Weekly contacts with relatives, friends or neighbours, selected countries
Presentation title 18
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Meer happiness among people with :
• More social contacts• Higher turnout
• Trust in other people• Trust in institutions• Trust in politics
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Trend in well-being, 1997-2009 (NL)
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1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Happy Very happy
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5 to 8 4 to 5 3 to 4 2 to 3 1 to 2 < 1 < 1 1 to 2 2 to 3 3 to 4 4 to 5 5 to 8
% Happy persons
Married
Divorced
Widowed
No change
A change in marital status and Subjective Well-being
Years before life-event Years after life-event
Life event
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• Thank You !