Decabonization Webinar [Europe Session]

Thermoflow

WELCOME !!!

Modelling Decarbonization Technologies

an OVERVIEW of the available features...

Thursday, 27 May 2021 13:30 Central European Time

Thermoflow

Thermoflow´s Europe and MENA Team

IgnacioMartin

StanKavale

Aldo de´Bonis

Jean Snoeck

Evgeny Zakharenkov

HalukDireskeneli

KarstenHuschka

Thermoflow


AGENDA – Thursday, 27 May 2021 13:30 Central European Time (Amsterdam, Paris, Berlin):

(1) Welcome & Overview

(2) Demonstration of selected sample files:

"Traditional" Renewable Technologies

CO2 Capture (new plant design with CCS & adding CCS to an existing plant)

(3) NOVO PRO

Introduction Sample 1: 300MW Hybrid Plant (PV + Wind + Thermal Plant), Grid Simulation

Sample 2: 50MW Open-Cycle Gas Turbine Replacement Project in Australia

(4) Power-to-X features

Hydrogen

Storages

(5) Questions & Answers (approx. 15min)

Thermoflow

…1995 2004 2009 2010 2015 2016 2018 2019 2020 2021

Thermoflow´s Products contribute to the "Green Transition"

CO2 Capture & Storage

Concentrated Solar PowerCSP

IGCC

PV / Wind

NOVO PRO

Batteries

H2 Electrolyzer

Fuel CellHeat Storage / TanksGeothermal Kalina

& ORC

Highlights / Milestones…

Thermoflow

Decarbonization Technology - OVERVIEW GT PRO®/GT MASTER®

STEAM PRO®/STEAM MASTER®

THERMOFLEX® - PEACE®

NOVO PRO®

Conventional coal plants with flue gas CO2 capture Yes Yes FDM link

Biomass and WtE plants with or without flue gas CO2 capture Yes Yes FDM link

GT Combined Cycles with flue gas CO2 capture Yes Yes FDM link

IGCC plants with flue gas CO2 capture Yes Yes FDM link

IGCC (or NG) plants with pre-combustion carbon capture Yes Yes FDM link

Combined Cycle or cogen flexibly integrated with SMR pre-combustion carbon capture Yes FDM link

Oxy-fuel coal fired plants "Yes" Yes FDM link

Supercritical CO2/Oxy-Fuel cycles incl. "Allam Cycle" and "Graz Cycle" Yes FDM link

Solar Thermal (CSP), and/or integrated solar thermal systems (e.g. ISSCC) YesDU Ren + TFX

Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) Yes DU Storage

Wind Farms and Power-to-X, Electric Heater, Heat Pumps, Heat Storages Yes Yes

PV Plants and Power-to-X, storages, Electric Heater, Heat Pumps, Heat Storages Yes Yes

Hydrogen production Yes Yes

Hydrogen as fuel in any thermal plant Yes Yes Yes FDM link

Batteries, Pumped Hydro, User-Defined Storage, Heat Storages, Fuel Cell Yes Yes

Thermoflow

Decarbonization Technology Sample File in Library PAGE 1 of 2

Conventional coal plants with flue gas CO2 capture THERMOFLEX file: Coal Plant (STM) Linked to CCS (S6-14)Conventional coal plant with flue gas CO2 capture.STP

Biomass and WtE plants with or without flue gas CO2 capture THERMOFLEX file: Waste to Energy (S2-15a)MSW plant with flue gas CO2 capture.STPMSW plant without flue gas CO2 capture.STP

GT Combined Cycles with flue gas CO2 capture Conventional NG cmbined cycle with flue gas CO2 capture.GTP

IGCC plants with flue gas CO2 capture THERMOFLEX files: IGCC with post-combustion CCS (S5-16a), (S5-17a)IGCC plant with flue gas CO2 capture.GTP

IGCC (or NG) plants with pre-combustion carbon capture THERMOFLEX files: IGCC with pre-combustion CCS (S5-16b), (S5-17b)IGCC plant with pre-combustion carbon capture.GTP

Combined Cycle or cogen flexibly integrated with steam-methanereformer (SMR) pre-combustion carbon capture

THERMOFLEX file: Simple steam methane reformer (S6-18)

Oxy-fuel coal fired plants THERMOFLEX files: Supercritical PC with post-comustion CCS (S5-11)Supercritical Oxy-fuel PC with post-combustion CCS THERMOFLEX files (S5-14a), (S5-14c)Pressurized CFB Oxy-fuel with CCS THERMOFLEX file (S5-21)Hybrid GT Oxy-fuel with CCS THERMOFLEX files (S5-13), (S5-12)

Supercritical CO2/Oxy-Fuel cycles incl. "Allam Cycle" and "Graz Cycle"

THERMOFLEX files: Graz Cycle (Oxy-Fuel) (S5-29)Allam Cycle (Oxy-Fuel) (S5-25a), (S525b), (S5-25c)

Thermoflow

Decarbonization Technology Sample File in Library PAGE 2 of 2

Solar Thermal (CSP), and/or integrated solar thermal systems(e.g. ISSCC)

THERMOFLEX files: Solar Thermal (S5-07), (S5-07a), (S5-09), (S5-09b), (S5-10), (S5-10a)Integrated Solar GTCC (S5-08)Integrated Solar Gas Turbine Cycle (S5-08b)

Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) THERMOFLEX files: LAES Storage Mode (Air Liquefaction) (S5-30a)LAES Discharge Mode (GTCC) THERMOFLEX file (S5-30b)LAES Discharge Mode Direct Expansion with District Cooling (S5-30c)

Wind Farms and Power-to-X, Electric Heater, Heat Storages, Heat Pumps

THERMOFLEX files: Wind Farm (with gas turbine backup) (S5-23), (S3-22b), (S3-22c)

PV Plants and Power-to-X, Storages, Electric Heater, Heat Pumps THERMOFLEX files: Solar PV (with gas turbine backup) (S5-22), (S3-22b), (S3-22c)

Hydrogen production from Wind and PV THERMOFLEX file: Wind to Hydrogen (S5-24a)

Hydrogen production from Steam-Methane Reformer SMR THERMOFLEX file: Steam Methane Reformer (S6-18)

Batteries, Pumped Hydro, User-Defined Storage, Heat Storages, Fuel Cell

THERMOFLEX file: Absorption Chiller + Stratified Storage Tank THERMOFLEX files (S3-24)

Sample Files – default folder: "C:\Program Files (x86)\Thermoflow 29\Samples"

…and more samples: http://thermoflow.com/decarbonization.html

http://thermoflow.com/decarbonization.html

Thermoflow


AGENDA – Thursday, 27. May 2021 13:30 Central European Time (Amsterdam, Paris, Berlin):





(3) NOVO PRO




Hydrogen

Storages


Thermoflow

"Traditional", "Old", "Thermal", … lower emissions & Renewable options

- High Efficiency Thermal plants- Biomass / Waste to Energy- Solar Thermal- Geothermal- Biogas + Recip. Engines- sCO2 cycles- CO2 capture

- Hybrid Plants

Thermoflow

High Efficiency Thermal Plants less specific CO2 kg/MWh

- Ultra Supercritical + Double Reheat Conventional Steam Plants (STPM &TFX)- Advanced H-Class Gas Turbine Combined Cycles

Thermoflow

Net Eff (LHV) = 44,5%Specific CO2 = 725 kg/MWh

2.1 1000 MW UltraSupercritical Double RH Coal Plant in STEAM PRO

Thermoflow

Net Eff (LHV) = 62,9%Specific CO2 = 314 kg/MWh

2.2 2x1 H-Class GT Combined Cycle Plant in GT PRO

Thermoflow

Biomass – Waste to Energy (TFX / STP-STM)

- Boiler Types- Grate Fired- Fluidized Bed- Adiabatic Combustion Chamber (TFX) for wet biomass

- Biomass / Waste Fuel library- Cogeneration / DH&C available- Automatic Steam Cycle configuration- Automatic Boiler & Auxiliaries Design- Several Cooling System types available

Thermoflow

2.3 250 MW Supercritical CFB Biomass Plant in STEAM PRO

Thermoflow

2.4 20 MW Waste to Energy + District Heating Plant in THERMOFLEX

TFX Sample S3-22

Thermoflow

Solar Thermal (TFX)

- Types- Parabolic Trough- Central Tower + Heliostats- Linear Fresnel Collectors

- Options- HTF and Molten Salts database / User Defined- With or without molten salts thermal storage- Direct steam generation- 24 hours / Annual Yield calculation, ELINK

Thermoflow

2.5 Solar Thermal Parabolic Trough + MS Storage(TFX)

Thermoflow

2.6 Solar Tower + MS Storage(TFX)

TFX Sample S5-7a

Thermoflow

Solar Thermal + Storage: Annual Yield calculation in ELINK

Sample (Elink4) Hourly Simulation-Entire Year.xlsm

Thermoflow

2.7 Solar Thermal Fresnel Direct Steam Generation with Biomass backup

TFX Sample S5-10

Thermoflow

Geothermal (TFX)

- Flash Steam- Binary Cycles

- Refrigerants REFPROP database / User Defined

Thermoflow

2.8 Geothermal Flash type (TFX)

Thermoflow

2.9 Geothermal Binary ORC (TFX)

TFX Sample S6-16b

Thermoflow

Biogas & Gas Engine (GTP-GTM / TFX)

- Recip Engine database in GTP / TFX- Recip Engine User Defined in TFX- Heat recovery options- Trigeneration: hot water, steam, chilled water

Thermoflow

2.10 Biogas & Gas Engine + Heat Recovery / Trigeneration in TFX

Thermoflow

Supercritical CO2 Cycles

- Supercritical CO2 properties (REFPROP) in TFX- ASU / Oxyfuel Combustion- Steam Cooled Gas Turbine- Cooled Turbine Stage Calculation

The Allam cycle is a novel CO2, oxy-fuel power cycle that utilizes hydrocarbon fuels while inherently capturing approximately 100% of atmospheric emissions, including nearly all CO2

emissions at a cost of electricity.

Graz Cycle is also a zero emission power cycle of high efficiency, which uses well-established gas turbine technology. The combustion with almost pure oxygen and the recycling of the water leads to a working fluid consisting mostly of water and less of CO2.

Thermoflow

THERMOFLEX Version 29.0 Revision: February 25, 2020 [email protected] Thermoflow, Inc.

Model 0 03-02-2020 16:31:24 file= C:\TFLOW29\MYFILES\(S5-25A) Intercooled Recuperated Oxyfuel CO2 Gas Turbine (Allam) Cycle.tfx

bar C kg/s kJ/kg

Intercooled recuperated oxyfuel CO2 gas turbine cycle (Allam Cycle)PR ~ 10TIT~1150C / (2100F)

Flue Gas Treatment & Offtake

Computed Performance

TIT

1150 C

Shaft power

35945 kW

Shaft power

33830 kW

Shaft power

23344 kW

Shaft power

55310 kW

Shaft power

57665 kW

Shaft power

60165 kW

Shaft power

61549 kW

Shaft power

60821 kWShaft power

59037 kW

Shaft power

56922 kW

Mole percent of N2 of Stream 16 - Outlet of Combustor [17] -> Gas inlet of Cooled Turbine Stage: Open Loop Allowed [18] (Gas/Air) 0,2958 %

Mole percent of O2 of Stream 16 - Outlet of Combustor [17] -> Gas inlet of Cooled Turbine Stage: Open Loop Allowed [18] (Gas/Air) 0 %

Mole percent of CO2 of Stream 16 - Outlet of Combustor [17] -> Gas inlet of Cooled Turbine Stage: Open Loop Allowed [18] (Gas/Air) 91,55 %

Mole percent of H2O of Stream 16 - Outlet of Combustor [17] -> Gas inlet of Cooled Turbine Stage: Open Loop Allowed [18] (Gas/Air) 8,03 %

Mole percent of Ar of Stream 16 - Outlet of Combustor [17] -> Gas inlet of Cooled Turbine Stage: Open Loop Allowed [18] (Gas/Air) 0,1268 %

Gross power 314899 kW

Net power 227783 kW

Total auxiliaries and transformer losses 85542 kW

Net fuel/energy input(LHV) 615433 kW

Gross electric efficiency(LHV) 51,17 %

Net electric efficiency(LHV) 37,01 %

Chargeable turbine cooling flowrate as percent compressor inlet 21,77 %

Total turbine cooling flowrate as percent compressor inlet 26,08 %

16

295,7 1150799,4 1344,5

25

215,1 1054880,6 1208,6

31

156,4 975,7946,5 1101,8

42

82,73 845,31020,1 928

48

60,17 790,51032,9 857,2

50

113,8 910,7995,9 1014,1

56

43,76 738,21045,8 790,4

59

10,34 2512,3 50047

61

1,014 251423 104,8

62

1,115 151423 63,05

63

1,014 151423 63,03

64

1,013 15213,3 -10,13

66

307,5 594,2932 578,7

1

430,6 384,812,3 51074

2

310,6 96,3251,61 32,57

60

30 2527,17 107,5

73

57 78,2995 4,615

74

55,88 25995 -76,97

75

122,9 88,41932 -43,03

76

120,5 30932 -240,4

72

30 25995 -31,44

3

30 251058,9 -90,75

13

307,5 594,232,85 578,7

9

307,5 594,237,81 578,710

307,5 594,243,39 578,7

17

307,5 594,236,24 578,7

18

307,5 594,2115,2 578,7

19

307,5 594,25,889 578,7

20

307,5 594,224,82 578,7

21

307,5 594,25,529 578,7

22

307,5 594,229,62 578,7

23

307,5 594,228,61 578,7

24

307,5 594,249,37 578,7

26

307,5 594,26,183 578,7

27

307,5 594,216,51 578,7

28

307,5 594,25,924 578,7

29

307,5 594,220,76 578,7

30

122,9 88,4117,46 -43,03

32

122,9 88,416,328 -43,03

33

122,9 88,414,909 -43,03

34

122,9 88,416,22 -43,03

35

122,9 88,416,818 -43,03

37

122,9 88,4112,77 -43,03

38

122,9 88,416,404 -43,03

39

122,9 88,410 -43,03

40

122,9 88,416,366 -43,03

41

122,9 88,410 -43,03

43

122,9 88,4138,77 -43,03

7

30 251031,7 -31,17

52

30 25995 -31,17

53

30 2536,73 -31,17

14

307,5 594,25,496 578,7

6

310,6 50,58932 -215,4

8

307,5 594,2196,4 578,7

15

30,6 87,981026,8 -0,7842

5

31,82 688,21058,9 727,3

5

31,82 688,21058,9 727,3

65

122,9 88,41995 -43,03

67

307,5 587,1787,1 570

4

307,5 479,851,61 445,5

11

307,5 594,2735,5 578,7

55

31,82 688,21026,8 727,3

57

31,82 688,232,14 727,3

68

30,6 88,931058,9 0,9819

70

122,9 88,4163,05 -43,03

78

295,7 1150799,4 1344,5

69

30,6 113,832,14 57,41

45

122,9 88,4112,92 -43,03

54

122,9 88,4113,08 -43,03

12

122,9 88,4126 -43,03

36

122,9 88,416,443 -43,03

44

122,9 88,416,481 -43,03

46

122,9 88,416,52 -43,03

47

122,9 88,416,559 -43,03

49

307,5 594,25,042 578,7

Air Separation Unit [42] : aux

65950 kW

Fuel Compressor [40] : aux

16421 kW

Pump (PCE) [45]

21,51 kW

G1

314899 kW

5Turbine exhaust

5

17

182225

19

28313437

8 40

42

Air S

epara

tion U

nit

Ambient/Low P Air

Oxygen

Coolant43

44

45

46

2

4knockout H2Oliq

50 51 5254Q-

Intercooler

55Q-

Intercooler

3Q-

Final gas cooler

6

7

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

23 245pure CO2

26knockout CO2 & H2Ovap

29A

B

1M

S

33

30

35

36

38Q-

'TIT' Stabilizer

20

21

27

2.11 Intercooled Recuperated Oxyfuel CO2 Gas Turbine (Allam) Cycle

TFX Sample S5-25 A, B, C

Thermoflow

THERMOFLEX Version 29.0 Revision: March 31, 2020 [email protected] Thermoflow, Inc.

Model 0 04-01-2020 18:07:44 file= C:\Users\griff\Desktop\China Samples\(S5-29) Oxyfueled Graz Cycle.tfx

bar C kg/s kJ/kg

<- Recirculation Stream to GT Compressor <-

Discharge Stream Processing - Compression, Heat Recovery, Water Recovery

Steam-Cooled Gas Turbine

HRSG

<- H2O rich product stream inlet

Gross power 401466 kW

Total auxiliaries and transformer losses 106251 kW

Net power 293208 kW

Gross electric efficiency(LHV) 59,57 %

Net electric efficiency(LHV) 43,5 %

Combustor exit N2 mole percent 0,8848 %

Combustor exit O2 mole percent 0,1622 %

Combustor exit CO2 mole percent 11,93 %

Combustor exit H2O mole percent 86,65 %

Combustor exit Ar mole percent 0,3792 %CO2-rich product stream discharge N2 mole 6,051 %

CO2-rich product stream discharge O2 mole 1,073 %

CO2-rich product stream discharge CO2 mole 81,58 %

CO2-rich product stream discharge H2O mole 8,705 %

CO2-rich product stream discharge Ar mole 2,593 %

N2 mole percent 0,7564 %

O2 mole percent 0,1369 %

CO2 mole percent 10,2 %

H2O mole percent 88,59 %

Ar mole percent 0,3242 %

6

39,99 1400

28

1,013 15235,3 -10,13

32

45,75 270,550,5 2843,2

8

20 1170,2

35

9,802 984,3

9

0,9978 180,9403,8 257,8

1

10 2513,47 50047

42

45,75 157,813,47 50370

27

0,059 166117,3 2813,9

41

0,7574 35,87111 150,3

46

1 257479 104,9

12

0,9978 180,9171,5 257,8

18

1,287 211,7171,5 310,2

20

1,969 140,176,91 152,5

21

1,93 97,376,91 -537,1

53

1,262 95,6176,91 90,55

40

1,242 95,6194,6 400,5

19

1,262 95,6171,5 -1143,6

48

1,892 55,9741,72 27,73

56

1,014 157479 63,03

51

1,242 55,9813,79 234,3

55

1,242 105,8108,3 443,6

62

30 110,841,72 27,18

7

180 450108,3 3104

5

41,59 606,2289,2 932,1

15

0,728 49590,82 3478

14

0,7426 195,990,82 2868,3

22

1,892 55,9755,51 -553,4

57

1,93 97,3155,51 80,52

10

183,6 108,7108,3 469,1

47

1,242 97,3121,39 407,7

59

0,728 32620,18 3127

36

4,712 829,2

33

45,75 270,541,46 2843,2

34

45,75 270,512,54 2843,2

37

45,75 270,512,69 2843,2

38

45,75 270,516,22 2843,2

39

45,75 270,59,173 2843,2

66

45,75 270,57,798 2843,2 67

45,75 270,55,194 2843,2

70

1,018 571,3403,8 971,4

2

41,59 667,1232,3 1140,5

65

2,223 696,6

68

45,75 270,53,231 2843,2

43

1,014 91,722,28 384,1

58

0,7426 136,820,18 2752,1

61

1,242 91,69107,5 384,1

61

1,242 91,69107,5 384,1

24

30 178,141,72 136,4

11

8,463 499232,3 825,8

11

8,463 499232,3 825,8

17

8,297 371,3232,3 585,2

17

8,297 371,3232,3 585,2

44

0,9978 180,9232,3 257,8

3

45,75 270,5101,1 2843,2

23

0,728 464,9111 3414

13

0,7574 35,8790,82 150,3

52

0,7574 35,8720,18 150,3

4

41,59 118,656,91 81,74

16

30,6 346,641,72 319,8

50

0,4179 35,87111 150,2

54

45,75 270,5101,9 2843,2

63

45,75 270,50,781 2843,2

Air Separation Unit [26] : aux

66019 kW

Fuel Compressor [34] : aux

5983 kW

STG

93379 kW

G1

308088 kW

M1

26717 kW

17

17to GT Compressor 11 from GT Compressor

11

61 Recovered Water

61 Recovered water to DA

1CH4

3

9A

B

6

HPST

4

C2

26

Air Separation Unit

Am

bie

nt/L

ow

P A

ir

Oxygen

Co

ola

nt

27Ambient Air

228

29

HTT1

7

30

HTT2

31

HTT3

32

33

38

C1

34

20

21

35

36

37

39

11

C3

16

C4

40

25knockout water

15A

B

12A

B

178

14A

B

13CO2-rich product stream discharge (30 bar)

43

C5

44

47A

B

48

49

5

53

51

HTT4

52

HTT5

54

18M

S

final cooler19 22

23

41

A CB

10

LPST

24

42

2.12 (S5-29) Oxyfueled Graz Cycle

TFX Sample S5-29

Thermoflow

CO2 Capture

- Post combustion CO2 capture CO2 is separated from the flue gases - Chemical absorption using amine-base solvents (MEA)- Available in GTPM, STPM & TFX

- Precombustion CO2 capture CO2 is removed from the fuel before it's burned- Physical Absorption (Selexol)- Available in GTPM for IGCC plants & TFX

- Oxyfuel combustion CO2 is removed from combustion products that are mostly CO2 and water vapor

- Air Separation Unit- Available in TFX

Thermoflow





"Traditional Renewable" Technologies


(3) NOVO PRO




Hydrogen

Storages


Thermoflow

CO2 Capture Options in THERMOFLOW software

- Post combustion CO2 capture CO2 is separated from the flue gases - Chemical absorption using amine-base solvents (MEA)- Available in GTPM, STPM & TFX

- Precombustion CO2 capture CO2 is removed from the fuel before it's burned- Physical Absorption (Selexol)- Available in GTPM for IGCC plants & TFX

- Oxyfuel combustion CO2 is removed from combustion products that are mostly CO2 and water vapor- Air Separation Unit- Available in TFX

Thermoflow

Examples of CO2 capture

- Post combustion CO2 capture in STP Differences vs a plant without CCS

- Post combustion CO2 capture added to an existing CCGT plant GTP-GTM-TFX

- IGCC Precombustion CO2 capture in GTP Coal Gasification + CCS

Thermoflow

2.b.1 Post Combustion CO2 capture in STEAM PRO

no CCS with CCS

Gross Power MW 1.000 1.000

Net Power MW 960 847 -11,8%

Net Efficiency - LHV % 44,5 32,8 -11,7

Specific Investment €/kW 1.872 3.372 80,1%

CO2 emitted ton/year 5.872.022 702.417

Specific CO2 kg/MWh 753 100

CO2 captured % 88%

Thermoflow

2.b.1 Post Combustion CO2 capture in Steam Pro

Thermoflow

2.b.1 Post Combustion CO2 capture in STEAM PRO

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

LCO

E (€

/MW

h)

CO2 price (€/ton)

Coal Price = 1 €/GJ Coal Price = 1,5 €/GJ Coal Price = 2 €/GJ With CCS

LCOE Comparison as a function of Fuel Price and CO2 price

Thermoflow

2.b.2 Adding Post Combustion CO2 capture to a CCGT Plant using GT PRO – GT MASTER - THERMOFLEX

- Design the CCGT Plant in GT PRO, without CCS- Convert the design to GT MASTER- Import the GTM file into THERMOFLEX- Add the CO2 Capture in THERMOFLEX

no CCS added CCS Dif

Gross power kW 1.292.359 1.200.587 -7,1%

Net power kW 1.259.463 1.105.221 -12,2%

Total auxiliaries and transformer losses kW 32.896 95.366

Net electric efficiency(LHV) % 61,45 53,91 -7,5

Net fuel/energy input(LHV) kW 2.049.463 2.050.252

Specific Cost €/kW 618 1350 118,4%

LCOE €/MWh 26,9 36,9 10

Assumptions

Operating Hours (full load equivalent) 8100 8100

Fuel LHV price €/GJ 3,0 3,0

CO2 price €/ton 25 25

Discount Rate % 6 6

Thermoflow

2.b.2 Adding Post Combustion CO2 capture to a CCGT Plant using GT PRO – GT MASTER - THERMOFLEX

No CCS With CCS

Thermoflow

2.b.3 IGCC with Precombustion CO2 capture in GT PRO

Thermoflow







(3) NOVO PRO




Hydrogen

Storages


Thermoflow

What is NOVO PRO and what role does it play in the Thermoflow package?

Design, (grid) simulation and techno-economic optimization of Hybrid Systems

"Thermal World"

Coal, GT, Recips,Biomass, WtE,…

"Renewable World"

PV, Wind, Hydro, …

Hydrogen (H2),eFuels,Storages,…

Thermoflow

Hypothetical Hybrid PlantArizona / USA

300MW PV + 300MW Wind

+ Gas Fired Thermal

(Backup) Plant

++ +

Thermoflow

NOVO PRO Sample 1:

Introductory (get started): Hybrid Plant in Arizona / USA

What can I expect from the NOVO PRO Introduction:

• Which inputs are needed to get started ?• How to setup to site conditions, economical parameters and power demand ?• How to setup renewable systems: PV Plant and Wind Farm ?• How to setup a "customized" thermal Power Plant in GT PRO/GT MASTER/

THERMOFLEX and how to import it to NOVO PRO ?• How to use the NOVO PRO Outputs to analyze and optimize

the Hybrid Plant ?

Thermoflow

Location: Tucson area, Arizona, USA

Thermoflow

Data import (copy & paste) from EXCEL file…

Power Demand

min. ~ 90 MW

max. ~ 300 MW

Thermoflow

Google Earth - Wind

PV Solar Irradiation Data from: TMY = TypicalMeteorological Year

Typical Meteorological Year (TMY): is a set of meteorological data with hourly values in a year for a given location. The data are selected from hourly data in a longer time period (normally 10 years or more). For each month in the year the data have been selected from the year that was considered most "typical" for that month.

Available data in Thermoflow:• US NREL TMY3 Data• Environment Canada CWEC Data• EnergyPlus US/DOE

Wind Resource Data from: built-in ERA5 database

ERA5 / European Copernicus Project – www.Copernicus.eu :provides hourly estimates of a large number of atmospheric, land and oceanic climate data.

Google Earth - PV

Ambient Conditions, Wind Resource Data & Solar Irradiation

https://earth.google.com/web/search/wind+farm+arizona/@32.22934717,-110.24285435,1289.0366491a,67208.00105332d,35y,0h,0t,0r/data=CigiJgokCTjbTDWjfkVAEQmk7pk-Ij5AGcRg7bD4RFjAIccS42nOtmDAMicKJQojCiExWFUxN21KSThENFZHQTJpRTh5X0lHTy1pZzZ6VEkxOHg

http://www.copernicus.eu/

https://earth.google.com/web/search/pv+plant+arizona/@32.03332916,-110.9576267,799.51300505a,1707.77094892d,35y,360h,21.33324661t,0r/data=CigiJgokCbQ9sar2y0BAEbG27b7nwEBAGXnHINPz8FvAIR3mYiFe_lvAMicKJQojCiExWFUxN21KSThENFZHQTJpRTh5X0lHTy1pZzZ6VEkxOHg

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Demand Power Price: 60 USD / MWhSurplus Power Price: 0 USD / MWhImport Power Price: no power importGas Fuel Price: 3 USD / GJ

Economic Inputs

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(1) Large F-Class GTCC, 3pRH, 1-1-1 Config., Wet Cooling Tower(2) Reciprocating Gas Engines (open cycle), approx. 10-20 units

(3) Scenario (1) + 300MW PV(4) Scenario (2) + 300MW PV

(5) Scenario (1) + 300MW PV + 300MW Wind(6) Scenario (2) + 300MW PV + 300MW Wind

Scenarios

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Courtesy of

New MAN Reciprocating Gas Engine Specifications

GT PRO / GT MASTER database:

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New MAN Reciprocating Gas Engine Specifications

NOVO PRO and THERMOFLEX database:

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Nominal Thermal only Thermal + 300MW PV Thermal + 300MW PV + 300MW Wind

GTCC Recips GTCC Recips GTCC Recips GTCC Recips

Gross Power [MW] 374 317.118

Net Power [MW] 364 307.644

Net El. Eff. [%] 59,17 45,97

Capacity Factor [%] 41,00 46,98 27,43 31,45 24,15 27,18

Overall LHV Eff. [%] 49,03 45,53 45,44 45,1 44,26 44,94

Fuel Consumption [GJ] 9.373.851 10.011.260 6.766.298 6.765.180 6.126.693 5.867.830

CO2 production t/year 513.841 550.086 370.904 371.724 335.843 322.418

Total Owner´s Costs [USD] 300.000.000 220.000.000 300.000.000 220.000.000 656.000.000 576.000.000 1.107.000.000 1.027.000.000

Capacity Factor describes the relative power output for the power plant compared to a theoretical output where the plant operates at rated output for the same number of hours.

Summary NOVO PRO Outputs

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35

37

39

41

43

45

47

49

51

53

55

57

59

61

1 2 3 4

Ove

rall

LHV

Eff

. [5

]

Scenario 1, 2, 3, 4

Overall LHV Eff. [%]

Summary NOVO PRO Outputs

1: Nominal / Design Point Performance2: Thermal Power Plant only3: Thermal Power Plant + 300MW PV4: Thermal Power Plant + 300MW PV + 300MW Wind

--- GTCC (1-1-1) F-Class, 3pRH

--- 17x Recip Open Cycle

Conclusion:An increasing percentage of renewables is forcing existing power plants to operate at operating points (far) away from the nominal point, and forcing new power plants to be highly flexible.

NOVO PRO helps developers and operators to master this challenge.

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(3) NOVO PRO




Hydrogen

Storages


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50MW OCGT Plant Replacement by

Hybrid Renewables with Storage

(NOVO PRO sw Simulation)

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IntroductionA remote mining location (NSW, Australia) with an existing grid connection is to have its existing 50MW OCGT back-up PP replaced by an installation combining Wind and Solar PV with storage.

Two configurations of renewables plant are considered, differing only in the energy storage technology:- Option 1: 53MW Solar, qty “x” wind turbines (Silverton wind farm) + 150-200 MW/1,550 MWh CAES- Option 2: 53MW Solar, qty “y” wind turbines (Silverton wind farm) + 62.5 MW/250 MWh BESS (Li Ion type)

The existing configuration is to be compared to the performance of Options 1 & 2 and suitable conclusions made.

MethodGT PRO is used to establish the 50MW OCGT fuel demand model for subsequent use in NOVO PRO.

Demand power, demand power price and site data are determined. NOVO PRO is used to model the existing case plus Options 1 & 2. Manipulations are carried out to determine the optimum wind turbine count for each Option.

NOVO PRO outputs are used to determine the economics of the options and existing case and conclusions are drawn.

Findings & ConclusionOption 1 is more expensive than Option 2 and consequently offers inferior financial performance. Both options have inferior performance relative to the existing OCGT in terms of expected import power requirement (up to 33MW for Options 1 & 2, practically zero MW for the OCGT plant). The advantage of Option 1 and Option 2 over the existing OCGT is the CO2 emissions (zero for Options 1 & 2, up to 237000 t/yr for the OCGT). Retaining the OCGT plant may be justified in light of the fluctuating import power requirement and the absence of a scheme in Australia to monetise the avoided CO2 emissions

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Existing Configuration – normal operation(snapshot of performance for Sept 20th -23rd)

Mining Community

250km long 220kV line(100% of demand met from Grid)

2x 25MW GT’s in open cycle configuration

Active power supply line

Back up power supply line

0 MW

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Option 1(snapshot of performance for Sept 20th -23rd)

Mining Community

250km long 220kV lineQty “X” Wind

150-200 MW/1,550 MWh compressed air energy storage (CAES) facility

53MW solar PV



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Option 2(snapshot of performance for Sept 20th -23rd)

Mining Community

250km long 220kV lineQty “Y” Wind

53MW solar PV



62.5 MW/250 MWh battery

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MW Deficit Box Plot

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

CAES BESS OCGT

MW

Configuration

MW Deficit (P95, average, P5)

Conclude that even an optimised hybrid system still has associated with it a large deficit power spread

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Appendix-Satellite image of location

-Key data sources

-Wind turbine count optimisation for CAES system (using “CAES percent active” as the criterion)

-Wind turbine count optimisation for BESS system (using “BESS percent active” as the criterion)

-Option 3 (no storage) predicted performance

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Satellite Image of Location

1

2 3

1- Silverton wind turbine farm2- 53MW solar pv plant3- 50MW OCGT plant

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Key data sourcesEnergy storage systems: Capital costs, maintenance costs etc: https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/07/f65/Storage%20Cost%20and%20Performance%20Characterization%20Report_Final.pdf

Energy prices & demand data (NSW, Australia): https://aemo.com.au/Energy-systems/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-NEM/Data-Dashboard-NEM

BOM website (Broken Hill meteorological data): http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_nccObsCode=122&p_display_type=dailyDataFile&p_startYear=2020&p_c=-442734627&p_stn_num=047048

https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2019/07/f65/Storage Cost and Performance Characterization Report_Final.pdf

https://aemo.com.au/Energy-systems/Electricity/National-Electricity-Market-NEM/Data-NEM/Data-Dashboard-NEM

http://www.bom.gov.au/jsp/ncc/cdio/weatherData/av?p_nccObsCode=122&p_display_type=dailyDataFile&p_startYear=2020&p_c=-442734627&p_stn_num=047048

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Wind turbine count optimisation for CAES system (using “CAES percent active” as the criterion)

Require to optimise the wind turbine count for the CAES capacity and charge/discharge performance since the CAES represents 80% of the estimated overall project cost (737.5 MM AUD). Put simply:

-too few wind turbines means that the CAES will never charge to capacity.

-an excess of wind turbines means that the CAES will charge to full capacity, but will seldom discharge.

Conclude that 14 wind turbines is the optimum.Note that for wind turbine counts of 10 & 12, NOVO PRO issues advisory messages that “…the storage system may be oversized”

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Wind turbine count optimisation for BESS system (using “BESS percent active” as the criterion)

Require to optimise the wind turbine count for the BESS capacity and charge/discharge performance since the BESS represents 50% of the estimated overall project cost (296.86 MM AUD). Put simply:

-too few wind turbines means that the BESS will never charge to capacity.

-an excess of wind turbines means that the BESS will charge to full capacity, but will seldom discharge.

Conclude that 10-12 wind turbines is the optimum.

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Option 3 – 53MW solar PV + Qty “n” Wind Turbines + Existing OCGT

This option is considered since no carbon trading scheme exists at the present time in Australia, hence demonstration of reduced CO2

emissions at Broken Hill has potentially the same merit of zero CO2 emissions.

The method is similar to that used for the simulation of Options 1 & 2, except in this case wind turbine power curtailment isemployed to limit the power that would otherwise need to be exported to the grid.

Conclude that around 16 wind turbines will provide a reasonable reduction of CO2 emissions for the overall plant while ensuring that the wind turbine capacity factor remains at around 18%. There is no point having more than 41wind turbines in the plant sincecurtailed energy will be greater than the demand energy beyond this point.

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Option 3 – Implications for Existing OCGT in terms of plant starts

NOVO PRO predicts a very dynamic demand for the OCGT plant in terms of the plant starts - further investigation would be required to determine the suitability of the existing thermal plant for the anticipated duty.

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(3) NOVO PRO




Hydrogen

Storages


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Hydrogen options in Thermoflow software

- Steam Methane Reforming available in THERMOFLEX- Sample- Option to add Carbon Capture

- Electrolyzer available in TFX / NVP- Predefined Electrolyzer models & User Defined- Deoxo Dryer to increase the purity of H2

- Storage and Compression- Desalination Plant coupled in TFX

- Use of Hydrogen: flexibility in THERMOFLEX

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Examples Hydrogen

- Steam Methane Reformer in THERMOFLEX

- Stand Alone Electrolyzer in NVP- Annual yield or demand set in NVP- Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) as a function of Electricity Price- Storage / Compression

- PV + Electrolyzer in NVP- Same size same capacity factor- Different size Optimization based on Electricty and H2 prices

- Power to X

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4.1 Steam Methane Reforming in THERMOFLEX

TFX Sample S6-18

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4.2 Hydrogen from Electrolysis in NOVO PRO (Standalone)

- Plants Only Mode

- Add Electrolyzer, select a predefined model or User Defined

- Include Deoxo-Dryer / Storage / Compression

- Schedule, set the hourly demand as a % of the rated production

- Economics: Electricity Price, Hydrogen Price, CAPEX, OPEX, Financial assumptions

Calculate the Levelized Cost of Hydrogen (LCOH) as a function of Electricity price

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LCOH calculation (Electrolyzer 100 % Capacity Factor)

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4.3 PV + Hydrogen from Electrolysis in NOVO PRO (Same Size)

- Microgrid Mode

- Demand Power = 0 all the PV power to produce Hydrogen

- PV Field 20 MWp

- Electrolyzer 18,2 MW / 331,7 kg/h of H2

- Economics: Electricity Price, Hydrogen Price, CAPEX (PV+Elect.), OPEX (PV+Elect.), Financial assumptions

Calculate the Minimum Hydrogen Price which makes cost-effective to produce Hydrogen from PV instead

of selling PV Electricity to the grid, as a function of Electricity Price

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Minimum H2 Price calculation as a function of Electricity Price (PV and Electrolyzer same size, 20% Capacity Factor)

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4.4 PV + Hydrogen from Electrolysis in NOVO PRO (Different Sizes)

- Microgrid Mode

- Demand Power = 0 Exported Power = Surplus Power

- PV Field 20 MW DC

- Electrolyzer 1,2 MW / 20,5 kg/h of H2

- Economics: Surplus Electricity Price, Hydrogen Price, CAPEX (PV+Elect.), OPEX (PV+Elect.), Financial

assumptions

Calculate the Minimum Hydrogen Price which makes cost-effective to produce Hydrogen from PV instead

of selling PV Electricity to the grid, as a function of Electricity Price

Optimize the relative size PV / Electrolyzer for a given demand of Hydrogen

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Maximum Electricity Price at each Hydrogen Price (PV and Electrolyzer different size, Elect. @47% Capacity Factor)

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4.5 Power(PV)-to-H2 and Heat(DH)+Storage_recip

Combine with ELINK to simulatea 24 hours period

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4.6 PV + Wind, Electrolyzer + Desalination, H2 to Industry or NG Grid

Combine with ELINK to simulate a 24 hours period

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(3) NOVO PRO




Hydrogen

Storages


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- Batteries- Hydrogen Storage- Pumped Hydro- Molten Salts Storage- Chilled Water Storage (Stratified Tank)- Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES)- Electric Thermal Energy Storage (ETES) – Hot Air- Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) - Coal Boiler replacement by Renewables+Electric Heater+Molten Salts- …..

User Defined Storage

Storage Systems in Thermoflow software

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4.b.5 Chiller w/ Storage 24 Hours operation in GTM

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4.b.6 Liquid Air Energy Storage Systems (LAES), Charging mode

TFX Samples S5-30 a, b, c

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4.b.6 Liquid Air Energy Storage Systems (LAES), Discharging mode

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4.b.7 Electric Thermal Energy Storage (ETES) – Hot Air

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4.b.8 Coal Boiler replaced by Renewables, Electric Heater & MS Storage

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4.b.8 Coal Boiler replaced by Renewables, Electric Heater & MS Storage, Charging mode

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4.b.8 Coal Boiler replaced by Renewables, Electric Heater & MS Storage, Discharging mode

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4.b.9 PV + User Defined Storage in NOVO PRO

- Location in Chile, 23,8 % DC Capacity Factor (no tracking)

- 100 MW demand, flat

- PV Field, sizing

Need of Storage !!!

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- User Defined Storage Inputs

NOVO PRO Outputs

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- Increasing the Storage size

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- Comparison, Current Prices

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- Comparison, Future Prices = Half of Current Prices

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4.b.10 Power(PV)-to-Heat(DH)+Storage_final in TFX

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Thank you !!!

Questions? Email us: [email protected]

Vielen Dank !Merci beaucoup!

Paljon kiitoksia!

Grazie molto!

Erg bedankt!

Wielkie dzięki!

Muito obrigado!

Tack så mycket!

¡Muchas gracias!

Çok teşekkürler!

Mnohokrát děkuji!

Πολλά ευχαριστώ!

Mange tak!

Mange takk!

mailto:[email protected]

Decabonization Webinar [Europe Session]

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