DE Science Elementary Force, Motion, and Energy. Friction – The Big Ideas Friction is a force that...
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Transcript of DE Science Elementary Force, Motion, and Energy. Friction – The Big Ideas Friction is a force that...
Friction – The Big Ideas
• Friction is a force that resists the motion of two objects rubbing together.
• Friction reduces the motion produced by a force.• Oily or greasy substances reduce friction on other
objects.• Rubber and similar substances increase friction.• The roughness or smoothness of two surfaces rubbing
against each other determines the amount of friction.• Friction often produces heat.
Friction – Using DE Science Content
• Exploration: Friction• Video: Friction• Video: Friction on the Ground and in the Air
Thermal Energy – The Big Ideas
• Adding heat to matter causes the motion of molecules in that matter to speed up.
• Heat is a form of energy.• Heat energy can be produced by light being absorbed
by a surface.• Heat energy can be produced by the friction of two
surfaces rubbing together.• Heat energy can be produced by chemical reactions.
Thermal Energy – Using DE Science Content
• Exploration: Thermal Energy•Video: Heat• Video: Heat: The Flow of Energy from One Thing to Another
Waves – The Big Ideas
• Waves are motion energy flowing through matter.
• Energy is often transmitted as waves.• Waves travel outward from their source.• Some waves are visible, but others are too
small to be seen.
Waves – Using DE Science Content
• Exploration: Waves• Video: Radiation and the Sun• Video: Electromagnetic Waves and the Sun’s Rays
Sound Waves – The Big Ideas
• Sound is energy that travels in the form of waves away from a vibrating object.
• Sound waves travel through all three states of matter.
• Sound waves cannot travel through a vacuum, which has no matter.
Sound Waves – Using DE Science Content
• Exploration: Sound Waves• Video: How is Sound Made?• Video: Sound
Light Energy – The Big Ideas• Light is a form of energy.• Light travels in electromagnetic waves.• Frequency, wavelength, and amplitude are
characteristics of light waves.• Light travels faster than anything else in the universe.• Light waves can travel through some solids, liquids, and
gases.• Light waves can travel through a vacuum.
Light Energy – Using DE Science Content
• Exploration: Light Energy•Video: Light: A Visible Form of Energy• Video: Properties of Light Waves
Reflection – The Big Ideas• Light waves are reflected evenly by a smooth shiny
surface.• Light waves are scattered unevenly by a rough surface.
Reflection – Using DE Science Content
• Exploration: Reflection•Video: Light Reflection: Dependent on Surface• Video: Light Sources and Observations
Refraction – The Big Ideas• Light waves refract, or bend, as they pass through
transparent materials.• Refraction means that light bends as it travels from one
transparent material into another.• Lenses refract light.• The shapes of lenses refract light in different ways.• A convex lens is thicker in its middle, bending light rays
that pass through it together to a focal point.• A concave lens is thinner it its middle, spreading light
rays apart as they pass through it. • A prism refracts different wavelengths at different angles,
producing a spectrum of color.
Refraction – Using DE Science Content
• Exploration: Refraction•Video: Mirrors and Lenses• Video: Refraction
Current Electricity – The Big Ideas• Electricity flows through a circuit to light light bulbs and cause other
things to work.• An electric current is a steady flow of charged particles.• Electrically charged particles moving in a current must have a
closed circuit path.• Circuits usually include wires made of metal and other materials that
conduct electricity.• Metals such as copper and iron readily conduct electricity and are
used in wires to help the flow of electricity.• Insulators, such as rubber and wood, conduct electricity very poorly.• Electrical energy can be changed to other forms of energy, such as
a toaster turning electrical energy into heat.
Current Electricity – Using DE Science Content
• Exploration: Electric Current•Video: Circuits• Video: Electrical Flow