De intellectu: Greek, Arabic, Latin, and Hebrew Texts and Their Influence on Medieval Philosophy

A Tribute to Rafael Ramón Guerrero

International Meeting

6th – 8th February 2020

Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto Via Panorâmica s/n; 4150-564 Porto (Portugal)

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On the intellect in Greek, Arabic, Latin and Hebrew, from Antiquity to Early Modern Age Philosophy changed radically during the Middle Ages as a result of the translation of a

considerable number of texts by Aristotle and his followers from Greek into Arabic, Latin and Hebrew. As an example, epistemological and anthropological questions were rethought and substantively reshaped in the Latin world after the translations of Aristotle’s De anima by James of Venice and William of Moerbeke (from Greek), and by Michael Scot (from Arabic, together with Averroes’s long commentary on it), after it had been successively translated into Syriac and Arabic. This crucial and complex process followed an already long and parallel history of paraphrases and commentaries on this work in Greek, Syriac and Arabic.

The Latin discussion of De anima III.4-5, on the intellect, was conditioned or driven by a large number of texts from different periods. Among those texts are the commentaries or paraphrases on De anima by Alexander of Aphrodisias, Themistius, Simplicius, John Philoponus, and Averroes, alongside independent short treatises, such as Alexander of Aphrodisias’s De intellectu et intellecto, al-Kindī’s De intellectu, al-Fārābī’s De intellectu et intellecto, Averroes’ Epistola de connexione intellectus abstracti cum homine, and his son’s Epistola de intellectu. In several other works “intellect” plays a most pivotal role, such as in Plotinus’s Enneads paraphrased in the Arabic Theologia Aristotelis and in Proclus’s Elementatio Theologica epitomised in the Liber de causis. Other works added to the debate, such as Avicenna’s Liber de anima, al-Ghazālī’s Summa theoricae philosophiae, Averroes’s Long Commentary on De Anima, Maimonides’ Dux neutrorum, Isaac Israeli’s Liber de definicionibus, not to mention texts from the Christian tradition, such as Nemesius of Emesa’s De natura hominis and Sophonias’ commentary on De anima. A similarly radical change occurred in thirteenth-century Jewish philosophy through the translation into Hebrew of many of these same texts, at the same time that a very different change was taking place in Arabic philosophy.

“Nous” – rendered as ‘aql, sekhel, intellectus, and their vernacular derivatives – became a key philosophical concept in late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, being intimately connected to a wide range of issues in psychology, epistemology, metaphysics, and ethics. However, because of its centrality and the manifold conflicting interpretations and solutions accompanying it, “intellect” became a highly contentious problem, one that both authors and commentators tried to disentangle within the context of overlapping Platonic, Aristotelian, Neoplatonic, and Stoic traditions. The ways intellect was conceptualized in this long period influenced and shaped the discussions of fundamental philosophical problems, such as: the body-soul relationship, intuitive and abstract knowledge, mental content, intelligible forms, immortality of the soul, happiness and the highest end of man.

Celebrating the career and the scholarly contributions of Rafael Ramón Guerrero, we welcome a discussion of current research on texts and problems concerning the intellect within the four linguistic spaces in which Aristotelian theories played a central role. We also encourage the submission of contributions centred on the circulation and diffusion of these and other texts which the historical actors in the Greek, Arabic, Latin, and Hebrew spaces used to facilitate, shape, and turn specific debates on the intellect into predominant discourses in the history of philosophy. Rafael Ramón Guerrero (Granada, 1948), Professor of History of Medieval and Arabic Philosophy in the Facultad de Filosofía of the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, along his career he has produced an outstanding contribution to teaching and research in Medieval Philosophy. He obtained his PhD in Madrid in 1979 under the supervision of José Antonio García-Junceda with a thesis entitled Contribución al estudio de la filosofía árabe: Alma e Intelecto como problemas fundamentales de la misma, wich served as the basis for his book La recepción árabe del De anima de Aristóteles: Al-Kindi y Al-Farabi (Madrid 1993). This problem remained the focus of his attention in several publications, translations of Arabic philosophers, teaching, conferences, supervision of doctoral theses, and direction of research projects. His work is internationally renowned, and his academic activity is particularly influential in Spain, Portugal, and Latin-America. With this Conference, his students, colleagues and friends wish to honour the Professor, the Academic, the Scholar.

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PROGRAM 6th to 8th February 2020

6th February Late Ancient, Medieval and Early Modern Philosophy 9h00: Opening Session: Sala de reuniões / Meetings’ Room 1

Fernanda Ribeiro, Dean of the Faculdade de Letras UP Juan Antonio Valor Yébenes, Dean of the Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad Complutense

de Madrid Sofia Miguens, Director of the Instituto de Filosofia UP José Luis Villacañas, Director of the Departamento de Filosofía y Sociedad UC Madrid José Meirinhos, Director of the Departamento de Filosofia FLUP

9h30-11h00 Session 1: Sala de reuniões 1 / Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: José Higuera Rubio

1. Thiago Henrique Rosales Marques (Universidade de Campinas), Sobre o conhecimento acerca da matéria celeste em Aristóteles: o caso do calor do sol

2. Antoni Bordoy Fernández (Universitat de les Illes Balears), De la eternidad a la medida: en torno a la presencia de la Física de Aristóteles en el Liber de causis

3. Marcos Roberto Nunes Costa (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife), A supremacia do Intellectus na “teoria das potencialidades da alma” segundo Santo Agostinho

Discussion Session 2: Sala 203 / Room 203 Chair: João Rebalde

1. Fátima Évora (Universidade de Campinas), A inteligibilidade do infinito nos argumentos de Filopono contra a tese aristotélica da eternidade o mundo

2. Miquel Beltrán (Universidad de las Islas Baleares) Posibilidad de la descripción de la causa primera en el Liber de causis

3. Martín González Fernández (Universidad de Santiago de Compostela), Fons vitae. Selomon ibn Gabirol y Giordano Bruno de Nola

Discussion 11h00-11h30 Coffee break and refreshments

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11h30-13h00 Session 3: Sala de reuniões 1 / Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Vera Rodrigues

1. Tineke Melkebeek (Ghent University), Ibn Rushd’s Commentary on Plato’s Republic Views on Women in light of an Aristotelian Heritage

2. Maria Leonor Lamas De Oliveira Xavier (Universidade de Lisboa), O que é pensar? Intelligere e cogitare

3. Pedro Mantas España (Universidad de Córdoba), Marcos de Toledo como traductor e intérprete

Discussion Session 4: Sala 203 / Room 203 Chair: Irene Borges Duarte

1. Ignacio Cabello Llano (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Per scientiam amantiam cognoscere et per amantiam scientiam diligere. Entre el intelecto y el afecto, la razón y el corazón en la filosofía medieval

2. Andre Martin (McGill University), The Soul as Unmoved Mover or Self-Mover: Aristotelian and Neo-Platonic Influences on 13th/14th Century Accounts of the Activity of the Soul

3. Francisco Guerra Ferraz (Universidade Federal do Amazonas), Possíveis origens medievais da delectatio de Espinosa

Discussion 13h00-14h30 Lunch 14h30-16h00 Session 5: Sala de reuniões 1 / Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Marcos Nunes Costa

1. Celina Ana Lértora de Mendoza (Conicet/Fepai, Buenos Aires), Avicena y Averrores como interlocutores. Sus aportes a los Comentarios a la Física de Grosseteste y Tomás de Aquino

2. Costa Macedo (Universidade do Porto), As vicissitudes do intelecto desde Aristóteles 3. Maria Manuela Brito Martins (Universidade Católica Portuguesa - Porto), A presença de

Averróis no De homine de Alberto Magno (1200-1280): a noção de intelecto Discussion

Session 6: Sala 203 / Room 203 Chair: Marcio Damin Custódio

1. Susana Beatriz Violante (Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata), ¡Extraed conocimiento, vosotros los que estáis dotados de razón!

2. José Meirinhos (Universidade do Porto), Intellectus agens and Intelligentia agens separata in Petrus Hispanus’ Scientia libri de anima

3. Jakob Hans Josef Schneider (Universidade Federal de Uberlândia), Averróis e a unidade do intelecto. Um debate medieval do século XIII

Discussion 16h30 -17h00 Coffee break and refreshments

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16h30-18h00 Session 7: Sala de reuniões 1 / Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Antoni Bordoy Fernández

1. Amelina Correa Ramón (Universidad de Granada), “Sicut lilium inter spinas”. Símbolos y paralelismos de dos santas vivas tardomedievales: Beatriz de Silva (1424 ó 1437?-1492) y Osanna Andreasi (1449-1505)

2. Francisco León Florido (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) La συμφωνία neoplatónica y la transformación teológica de los textos de Aristóteles

3. José Luis Fuertes Herreros (Universidad de Salamanca), Más allá del estoicismo en el Renacimiento: preguntas en el limite en la Imagen de vida christam (1563) de Heitor Pinto

Discussion Session 8: Sala 203 / Room 203 Chair: Maria Manuela Brito Martins

Discussion 1. Ignacio Verdú Berganza (Universidad Pontificia Comillas de Madrid), Intelecto y pobreza,

una aproximación a la propuesta mística del Maestro Eckhart 2. Francisco Castilla Urbano (Universidad de Alcalá), La revisión gnoseológica del

escolasticismo por el jesuita José de Acosta 3. Jamil Ibrahim Iskandar (Universidade Federal de S. Paulo), Tributo ao Professor Rafael

Ramón Guerrero

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7th – 8th February De intellectu: Greek, Arabic, Latin, and Hebrew Texts and Their Influence on Medieval Philosophy 7th February 9h30-11h00 Session 9: Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Fátima Évora

1. Sean M. Costello (University of Oxford, Hertford College), Alexander of Aphrodisias on the Role of the Productive Intellect in Human Psychology in his De Anima

2. Tiziano Ottobrini (Università degli studi di Bergamo), Prodromi di psicobiologia cristiana: il commento al De anima di Giovanni Filopono

3. Sara Abram (Università degli studi di Padova), Al-Siǧistānī sull’intelletto Discussion

11h00-11h30 Coffee break and refreshments 11h30-13h00 Session 10: Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Alexander Fidora

1. Cecilia Martini Bonadeo (Università degli Studi di Padova), How does the Active Intellect work upon the faculty of representation in divination, prophecy, and Revelation according to Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī?

2. Giovanni Mandolino (Università degli studi di Padova), The “noetic theology” of Yaḥyā ibn ʿAdī

3. Sarah de Mendonça Virgi (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München), Al-Ghazālī on the Intellect: Between Reason and Gnosis

Discussion 13h00-14h30 Lunch 14h30-16h00 Session 11: Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Pedro Mantas España

1. Matteo Di Giovanni (Università degli Studi di Torino), Averroes’ Desintegrated Intellect: Reality or Myth?

2. Michael Engel (University of Hamburg), A Comparative Analysis of the Two Latin Versions of Averroes’s Long Commentary on the De anima, III.5

3. Cecilia Cintra Cavaleiro de Macedo (Universidade Federal de S. Paulo), A matéria do Intelecto no Fons Vitae de Ibn Gabirol: início do ser e limite da compreensão

Discussion 16h00 -16h30 Coffee break and refreshments

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16h30-18h00 Session 12: Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Francisco Léon Florido

1. Tamar Tsopurashvili (Ilia State University, Tbilisi), Cognitive Role of species intelligibilis in Thomas Aquinas’ Theory of Intellect

2. Márcio Augusto Damin Custódio (Universidade de Campinas), Atos de Intelecção e Transcendentais em Aquino

3. Görge Hasselhoff (Technical University Dortmund), Meister Eckhart and the intellect – a new look on his commentaries on Genesis

Discussion 20h00 Meeting’s dinner 8th February 9h30-11h00 Session 13: Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Cecilia Martini Bonadeo

1. Elisa Coda (Università di Pisa), Themistius at the court of Frederick II Hohenstaufen. The post-Aristotelian Soul and Intellect in Ibn Sab'in' Sicilian Questions

2. Emanuele Lacca (University of South Bohemia, Czech Republic), The Sicilian Questions of Ibn Sab῾īn (1216-1270). A Mediterranean perspective on the immortality of the soul

3. Salvatore Carannante (Istituto Nazionale di Studi sul Rinascimento, Firenze), “Datrice di tutte le forme”. Intelletto agente e anima del mondo in Leone Ebreo

Discussion 11h00-11h30 Coffee break and refreshments 11h30-13h00 Session 14: Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Paula Oliveira e Silva

1. Celia López Alcalde (Universidade do Porto), Intellectual Memory in Latin Avicennianism 2. Constantin Teleanu (Université Paris Sorbonne), « Memòria engenra l’enteniment ». La

doctrine de l’intellect au début de l’Art quaternaire de Raymond Lulle 3. Nicola Polloni (Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Institut für Philosophie), Matter,

Apprehension, and Metaphysics: Prejudices in Favour of the Actual? Discussion

13h00-14h30 Lunch 14h30-16h30 Session 15: Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Vítor Guerreiro

1. Antoine Côté (Université d’Ottawa), Maino of Maineri on Why There Needs to be an Agent Intellect

2. Lu Jiang (Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou), Neoplatonism in the Coimbra Commentary on Aristotle’s De anima and its pre-modern Chinese rendition

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3. Wang Zheng | 王政 (China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing), Vis imaginativa nell’intelletto in Giordano Bruno

4. Gregorio Piaia (Università degli studi di Padova), Aristotelismo e apologetica calvinista. La critica di Philippe Duplessis-Mornay (1549-1623) alle interpretazioni eterodosse dell'intelletto

Discussion 16h30 -17h00 Coffee break and refreshments 17h00-17h45 Session 16: Meetings’ Room 1 Chair: Josep Puig

Ponencia de Rafael Ramón Guerrero

18h00 Closing session 18h15 Porto Wine Farewell Image: Illuminated frontispiece by Girolamo da Cremona, from felt to right: Thomas Aquinas, Avicenna, Averroes, Aristotle, Plato, Themistius, Alexander Aphrodisias and a monkey [Aristotelis Opera, vol. 2, inc. Metaphysica, ed. A. Torresanus - B. de Blavis, Venice 1483 (© New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, PML 21195)]. Meeting web page: https://ifilosofia.up.pt/activities/intellectus-ramon-guerrero-2020 Organization: TL Medieval and Early Modern Philosophy — Gabinete de Filosofia Medieval / Instituto de Filosofia da Universidade do Porto Scientific Committee: Amos Bertolacci (Luca); Alexander Fidora (Barcelona); Catarina Belo (Cairo); Charles Burnett (London); Cristina D’Ancona Costa (Pisa); Gregorio Piaia (Padova); Jean-Baptiste Brenet (Paris); José Luis Villacañas (Madrid); José Meirinhos (Porto); Josep Puig Montada (Madrid); Jules Janssens (Leuven); José Luis Fuertes Herreros (Salamanca); Katja Krause (Berlin); Luis De Boni (Porto Alegre); Mário Santiago de Carvalho (Coimbra); Steven Harvey (Ramat Gan); Thérèse Cory (Notre Dame) Organizing Committee: José Meirinhos, Celia López, José Higuera (Porto) — Nicola Polloni (Berlin) — Pedro Mantas España (Córdoba). Support staff: Isabel Marques, Eduarda Machado, Maria Pinho, Vera Rodrigues, Vítor Guerreiro, Yara Medeiros. Scientific support Sociedad de Filosofía Medieval Sociedade Portuguesa de Filosofia Support & Funding Fundação Eng. António de Almeida, Porto Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal