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CONTENTS

Title Page No

Abstract.iv

List of Tablesvi

List of Figures..vii

Chapter I: Introduction

1.1. Organization Profile.......01

1.2. Problem Definition.....02

Chapter II: System Analysis

2.2. Existing System Architecture...

2.2. Proposed System Architecture

Chapter III: Development Environment

3.1. Hardware Environment

3.2. Software Environment

3.2.1. Software Description

Chapter IV: System Design

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4.1. Data Model

4.1.1. Entity Relationship Diagram.

4.1.2. Data Dictionary.

4.2. Process Model

4.2.1. Context Analysis Diagram.

4.2.2. Data Flow Diagram

Chapter v: Software Development

5.1. Phases of Software Development

5.1.1. Phase I: Planning...

5.1.2. Phase II: Analysis.

5.1.3. Phase III: Design

5.1.4. Phase IV: Development

5.2. Modular Description..

Chapter VI: Testing

6.1. System Testing.

6.2. Software Testing Strategy

6.2.1. Unit Testing..

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6.2.2. Integrating Testing..

Chapter VII: System Implementation

7.1. Introduction

7.2. Implementation

v

Chapter VIII: Performance and Limitations

8.1. Merits of the system..

8.2. Limitations of the system

8.3. Future Enhancements

Chapter IX: Appendices

9.1. Sample Screen..

9.2. User Manual

Chapter X: References

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ABSTRACT

Data mining techniques provide people with new power to research and manipulate the

existing large volume of data. Data mining process discovers interesting information from the

hidden data which can either be used for future prediction and/or intelligently summarizing the

details of the data. There are many achievements of applying data mining techniques to various

areas such as marketing, medical, financial, and car manufacturing. In this paper, a proposed data

mining application in car manufacturing domain is explained and experimented. The application

results analysis such as Predicting Future Car market Demand such analysis help in providing car

market with base for more accurate prediction of future market demand.

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

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1. INTRODUCTION

Data mining application are characterized by the ability to deal with the explosion of

business data and accelerated market changes, these characteristics help providing powerful

tools for decision makers, such tools can be used by business users (not only statisticians) for

analyzing huge amount of data for patterns and trends. Consequently, data mining has

become a research area with increasing importance and it involved in determining useful

patterns from collected data or determining a model that fits best on the collected data.

Different classification schemes can be used to categorize data mining methods and systems

based on the kinds of databases to be studied, the kinds of knowledge to be discovered, and

the kinds of techniques to be utilized.

A data mining task includes pre-processing, the actual data mining process and post-

processing. During the pre-processing stage, the data mining problem and all sources of data

are identified, and a subset of data is generated from the accumulated data. To ensure quality

the data set is processed to remove noise, handle missing information and transformed it to

an appropriate format.

A data mining technique or a combination of techniques appropriate for the type of

knowledge to be discovered is applied to the derived data set. The last stage is post-

processing in which the discovered knowledge is evaluated and interpreted.

Data mining techniques used in business-oriented applications are known as Business

Intelligence (BI). BI is a general term to mean all processes, techniques, and tools that gather

and analyze data for the purpose of supporting enterprise users to make better decisions. The

difficulty of discovering and deploying new knowledge in the BI context is due to the lack of

intelligent and complete data mining system. The measure of any business intelligence

solution is its ability to derive knowledge from data. The challenge is met with the ability to

identify patterns, trends, rules, and relationships from volumes of information which is too

large to be processed by human analysis alone.

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In 2012, plug-in electric vehicles will take major strides toward becoming a mature if

small component of the overall vehicle fleet. The number of battery electric and plug-in

hybrid vehicles sold and the variety of options for consumers will rapidly expand. The fruits

of the multi-billion dollar investments in recent years in lithium ion battery manufacturing

facilities will provide abundance in capacity that could outpace demand, but any oversupply

will not impact vehicle pricing. In order to analyze the impacts of these and other key issues

facing the EV industry, Pike Research has prepared a white paper that makes 10 predictions

about the continuing evolution of the market in 2012 and beyond. Here are three of those

predictions:

Battery production will get ahead of vehicle production.

Manufacturers of lithium ion batteries in the United States spent 2011 readying new and

established factories for the expected surge in electric car and plug-in hybrid sales. The 2009

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act provided funding for scaling up production so that

the United States can compete with Japan, Korea, and China in EV batteries. Most of the award

recipients (including Saft, EnerDel, Johnson Controls, LG Chem, and Dow Kokam) have their

facilities fully online and ready to produce. Now, the production and sales of the cars needs to

catch up.

EV prices will continue to disappoint many consumers.

Many potential EV buyers were disappointed that Nissan raised the price of the LEAF for

2012. While the Chevrolet Volt will sell for $1,000 less, the car comes without several features

that were standard but consumers now must pay for as options. According to data from Pike

Researchs annual Electric Vehicle Consumer Survey, the optimal price for a plug-in electric

vehicle to engage consumers is $23,750. With the 2012 Toyota Prius PHEV ($32,000), the

Honda Fit BEV ($36,625), and the Ford Focus EV ($39,995) all north of $30,000 (before federal

incentives), consumers hoping for an affordable EV ride have been left wanting. Unfortunately,

Pike Research does not expect this trend to stop in 2012.

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EVs will begin to function as home appliances.

In many households, the EV will be the device that consumes the most energy and power.

In 2012, manufacturers of the vehiclesas well as charging equipmentwill introduce

technology that will enable EVs to interact with other home appliances. Automakers want EVs to

be good citizens in balancing their energy requirement with the rest of the building, which

requires establishing communications with smart meters, home energy management devices, and

other types of appliances. For example, an EV could coordinate with the clothes dryer or pool

pump to make sure that the power consumption doesnt surpass a certain threshold. Other long

term applications could include downloading music or movies to the vehicle. The first vehicles

demonstrating this capability will likely be out in 2012, with commercialization soon to follow.

1.1 COMPANY PROFILE

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1.2 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

The aim of this paper is to provide a proposed data mining solution that can be used for

automotive market, as well as many other areas. This solution can provide inventory managers

with important analysis such as launch analysis and slow turning analysis. The use and benefits

of these two analyses will be identified, and explained. A dcx1 case study will be presented in

detail in order to demonstrate the capability of data mining techniques in the field of car

manufacturing.

1.3 NEED OF THE PROJECT

Using historical data, car maker is collaborating to develop software that will help its cars

predict the best route that drivers can take to save energy and time if car maker experiment inmaking self learning cars takes off, your car will never be the same again.

Using the power of the cloud to analyze historical data of routes, traffic and driver usage,

to create software that will give its cars the capability to predict the destination and the most

energy-efficient route. The new prediction api, a cloud-based analytics service that contains a

suite of algorithms with the ability of analyzing historical business data and the capability to

predict future trends or outcome.

Heres how this system would work. After a vehicle owner opts in to use the service, an

encrypted driver data usage profile is built based on routes and time of travel. In essence, the

system learns key information about how the driver is using the vehicle and where he wants to

go. The system analyzes driving habits, knowledge of routes and combines it with real-time

traffic information to suggest the best possible energy-efficient route.

1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

In this project, a proposed data mining application in car manufacturing domain is explained and

experimented. The application results analysis such as predicting future car market demand such

analysis help in providing car market with base for more accurate prediction of future market

demand.

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CHAPTER 2

SYSTEM ANALYSIS

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2.1 EXISTING SYSTEM

2.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM

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2.3 LITERATURE REVIEW

R. Nayak and T. Qiu, A data mining application: analysis of problems occurring during a

software project development process, International Journal Of Software Engineering &

Knowledge Engineering, vol.15, no.4, pp. 647-663, 2005.

Data mining techniques provide people with new power to research and manipulate the

existing large volume of data. A data mining process discovers interesting information from the

hidden data that can either be used for future prediction and/or intelligently summarizing the

details of the data. There are many achievements of applying data mining techniques in various

areas such as marketing, medical, and financial, although few of them can be currently seen in

software engineering domain. In this paper, a proposed data mining application in software

engineering domain is explained and experimented. The empirical results demonstrate the

capability of data mining techniques in software engineering domain and the potential benefits in

applying data mining in this area.

S. Elkaffas and A. Toony, Applications of genetic programming in data mining,

Enformatika; vol. 17, pp. 1-5, 2006.

This paper details the application of a genetic programming framework for induction of

useful classification rules from a database of income statements, balance sheets, and cash flowstatements for North American public companies. Potentially interesting classification rules are

discovered. Anomalies in the discovery process merit further investigation of the application of

genetic programming to the dataset for the problem domain.

N. Kerdprasop, and K. Kerdpraso, Moving data mining tools toward a business

intelligence system, Enformatika;, vol. 19, pp. 117-122, 2007.

Data mining (DM) is the process of finding and extracting frequent patterns that can

describe the data, or predict unknown or future values. These goals are achieved by using various

learning algorithms. Each algorithm may produce a mining result completely different from the

others. Some algorithms may find millions of patterns. It is thus the difficult job for data analysts

to select appropriate models and interpret the discovered knowledge. In this paper, we describe a

framework of an intelligent and complete data mining system called SUT-Miner. Our system is

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comprised of a full complement of major DM algorithms, pre-DM and post-DM functionalities.

It is the post-DM packages that ease the DM deployment for business intelligence applications.

G. Liqiang and J. Howard, Interestingness measures for data mining: a survey, ACM

Computing Surveys, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 1-32, 2006.

Interestingness measures play an important role in data mining, regardless of the kind of

patterns being mined. These measures are intended for selecting and ranking patterns according

to their potential interest to the user. Good measures also allow the time and space costs of the

mining process to be reduced. This survey reviews the interestingness measures for rules and

summaries, classifies them from several perspectives, compares their properties, identifies their

roles in the data mining process, gives strategies for selecting appropriate measures for

applications, and identifies opportunities for future research in this area.

W. Smith, Applying data mining to scheduling courses at a university, Communications

Of AIs; vol. 2005, no. 16, pp. 463-474, 2005.

Scheduling courses (timetabling) at a University is a persistent challenge. Allocating course

sections to prescribed time slots for courses requires advanced quantitative techniques, such as

goal programming, and collecting a large amount of multi-criteria data at least six to eight

months in advance of a semester. This study takes an alternate approach. It demonstrates the

feasibility of applying the principles of data mining. Specifically it uses association rules to

evaluate a nonstandard (aberrant) timetabling pilot study undertaken in one College at a

University. The results indicate that 1), inductive methods are indeed applicable, 2), both

summary and detailed results can be understood by key decision-makers, and 3), straightforward,

repeatable SQL queries can be used as the chief analytical technique on a recurring basis. In

addition, this study was one of the first empirical studies to provide an accurate measure of the

discernable, but negligible, scheduling exclusionary effects that may impact course availability

and diversity negatively.

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CHAPTER 3

SYSTEMSPECIFICATION

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3.3 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

The software used for the development of the project is:

3.3.1 ABOUT JAVA

Java is an object oriented programming language developed by Sun Microsystems.

Modeled on C++, java was designed to be small, simple and portable across platforms.

Java is also unusual in that each Java program is both compiled and interpreted. With a

compiler, you translate a Java program into an intermediate language called Java byte codes--the

platform-independent codes interpreted by the Java interpreter. With an interpreter, each Java

byte code instruction is parsed and run on the computer. Compilation happens just once;

interpretation occurs each time the program is executed. This figure illustrates how this works.

Every Java interpreter, whether it's a Java development tool or a Web browser that can

run Java applets, is an implementation of the Java VM. The Java VM can also be implemented in

hardware.

Java byte codes help make "write once, run anywhere" possible. You can compile your

Java program into byte codes on any platform that has a Java compiler. The byte codes can then

be run on any implementation of the Java VM. For example, the same Java program can run on

Windows NT, Solaris, and Macintosh.

3.3.2 Java Platform

A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs. The Java

platform differs from most other platforms in that it's a software-only platform that runs on top

of other, hardware-based platforms. Most other platforms are described as a combination of

hardware and operating system.

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The Java platform has two components:

The Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

The Java Application Programming Interface (Java API)

The Java API is a large collection of ready-made software components that provide many

useful capabilities, such as graphical user interface (GUI) widgets. The Java API is grouped into

libraries (packages) of related components.

3.3.2.1. Application

It is a program that we can execute from any operating system prompt. A special kind of

application known as a server serves and supports clients on a network. Examples of servers

include Web servers, proxy servers, mail servers, print servers, and boot servers. Another

specialized program is a servlet. Servlets are similar to applets in that they are runtime extensions

of applications. Instead of working in browsers, servlets run within Java servers, configuring the

server.

3.3.2.2 Applet

It is a java program that executes inside a web page. It requires a java enabled browser

which requires an interpreter. Applets are commonly used to enhance the interactivity of a web

page, and deliver client-side content. Applets run in their own frame, and can display graphics,

accept input from GUI components, and even open network connections. Due the potential

security feasibilitys associated with running applets from external and potentially malicious

sources, most web browsers limit file access, and impose additional restrictions on applets.

Stand-alone applications have no such restrictions, and a full range of functionality is

provided for in the way of pre-written Java classes. Stand-alone applications can run as a console

application (writing text to the screen or terminal window), or they can have a graphical user-

interface, by opening a new window or dialog box.

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The important thing required for writing stand-alone Java applications is a java

compiler/interpreter. While there are commercial offerings available, such as Visual J++ and

Borland JBuilder, a freely available SDK is available from Sun. It contains a compiler,

interpreter, debugger. Your browser may not support display of this image.

As a platform-independent environment, Java can be a bit slower than native code.

However, smart compilers, well-tuned interpreters, and just-in-time byte code compilers can

bring Java's performance close to that of native code without threatening portability. The core

API is the API included in every full implementation of the Java platform. The core API gives

you the following features:

The Essentials: Objects, strings, threads, numbers, input and output, data structures,

system properties, date and time, and so on.

Networking: URLs, TCP and UDP sockets, and IP addresses.

Security: Both low-level and high-level, including electronic signatures, Public/private

key management, access control, and certificates.

Object serialization: Allows lightweight persistence and communication via RemoteMethod Invocation (RMI).

Java Database Connectivity (JDBC): Provides uniform access to a wide range of

relational databases.

3.3.2.3 Features

It is an object-oriented internet programming language.

It is a well-structured, high performance and platform-independent

It is a distributed and interpreted language.

It is simple, robust and secure.

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It is multi-threaded, dynamic and portable.

3.3.2.4 Advantages

Get started quickly

Write less code

Write better code

Develop programs faster

Avoid platform dependencies with 100% Pure Java:

Write once, run anywhere

Distribute software more easily

3.3.2.5 Object

An object is a software bundle of variables and related methods. Software objects are modeled

after real-world objects in that they, too, have state and behavior. A software object maintains its

state in variables and implements its behavior with methods.

3.3.2.6 Encapsulation

Packaging an object's variables within the protective custody of its methods is called

encapsulation. Typically, encapsulation is used to hide unimportant implementation details from

other objects

3.3.2.7 Benefits

Modularity-The source code for an object can be written and maintained independently of

the source code for other objects. Also, an object can be easily passed around the system.

Information hiding- object can maintain private information and methods that can be

changed at any time without affecting the other objects that depend on it.

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3.3.2.8 Class

A class is a prototype that defines the variables and methods common to all objects of a

certain kind. When you create an instance of a class, you create an object of that type and the

system allocates memory for the instance variables declared by the class.

3.3.2.9 Interface

An interface in the Java programming language is an abstract type that is used to specify

an interface (in the generic sense of the term) that classes must implement. Interfaces are

declared using the interface keyword, and may only contain method signatures and constant

declarations (variable declarations that are declared to be both static and final). An interface may

never contain method definitions.

As interfaces are implicitly abstract, they cannot be directly instantiated except when

instantiated by a class that implements the said interface. The class must implement all of the

methods described in the interface, or be an abstract class. Object references in Java may be

specified to be of an interface type; in which case, they must either be null, or be bound to an

object that implements the interface.

One benefit of using interfaces is that they simulate multiple inheritance. All classes in

Java (other than java.lang.Object, the root class of the Java type system) must have exactly one

base class; multiple inheritance of classes is not allowed. Furthermore, a Java class may

implement, and an interface may extend any number of interfaces; however an interface may not

implement an interface.

3.3.2.10 Method overriding

Method Overriding, in object oriented programming, is a language feature that allows a

subclass to provide a specific implementation of a method that is already provided by one of its

super classes. The implementation in the subclass overrides (replaces) the implementation in the

super class.

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A subclass can give its own definition of methods which also happen to have the same

signature as the method in its super class. This means that the subclass's method has the same

name and parameter list as the super classs overridden method. Constraints on the similarity of

return type vary from language to language, as some languages support covariance on return

types. Method overriding is an important feature that facilitates polymorphism in the design of

object-oriented programs.

Some languages allow the programmer to prevent a method from being overridden, or

disallow method overriding in certain core classes. This may or may not involve an inability to

subclass from a given class. In many cases, abstract classes are designed i.e. classes that exist

only in order to have specialized subclasses derived from them. Such abstract classes have

methods that do not perform any useful operations and are meant to be overridden by specific

implementations in the subclasses. Thus, the abstract super class defines a common interface

which all the subclasses inherit.

3.3.2.11 Method overloading

It is a feature found in various programming languages such as Ada, C#, C++, D and Java

that allows the creation of several methods with the same name which differ from each other in

terms of the type of the input and the type of the output of the function. For example, doTask ()

and doTask (object O) are overloaded methods. To call the latter, an object must be passed as a

parameter, whereas the former does not require a parameter, and is called with an empty

parameter field. A common error would be to assign a default value to the object in the second

method, which would result in an ambiguous call error, as the compiler wouldn't know which of

the two methods to use. Another example would be a Print (object O) method. In this case one

might like the method to be different when printing, for example, text or pictures. The two

different methods may be overloaded as Print(text object T); Print(image_object P). If we write

the overloaded print methods for all objects our program will "print", we never have to worryabout the type of the object, and the correct function call again, the call is always:

Print(something).

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Method overloading is usually associated with statically-typed programming languages

which enforce type checking in function calls. When overloading a method, you are really just

making a number of different methods that happen to have the same name. It is resolved at

compile time which of these methods are used

3.3.2.12 AWT

The Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) is Java's original platform-independent

windowing, graphics, and user-interface widget toolkit. The AWT is now part of the Java

Foundation Classes (JFC) the standard API for providing a graphical user interface (GUI) for

a Java program.AWT is also the GUI toolkit for a number of Java ME profiles.

As AWT is a bridge to the underlying native user interface, its implementation on a new

operating system may involve a lot of work, especially for the set of AWT GUI widgets, which

require the development from scratch of native peers for each of the AWT widgets.

Since the opening of Java, a project called Caciocavallo has been created. It aims to

provide a Java API based on the Open JDK to ease AWT implementation on new systems. The

project has successfully experimented the implementation of AWT widgets using Java2D

Java Server Page:

Java Server Pages (JSP) is a technology that lets you mix regular, static HTML with

dynamically-generated HTML. Many Web pages that are built by CGI programs are mostly

static, with the dynamic part limited to a few small locations. But most CGI variations, including

servlets, make you generate the entire page via your program, even though most of it is always

the same. JSP lets you create the two parts separately. Here's an example:

Welcome to Our Store

Welcome to Our Store

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Welcome,

To access your account settings, click

here.

Regular HTML for all the rest of the on-line store's Web page.

Advantages of JSP:

Active Server Pages (ASP) is a similar technology from Microsoft. The advantages of

JSP are twofold. First, the dynamic part is written in Java, not Visual Basic or other MS-specific

language, so it is more powerful and easier to use. Second, it is portable to other operating

systems and non-Microsoft Web servers.

Pure Servlets ,JSP doesn't give you anything that you couldn't in principle do with a

servlet. But it is more convenient to write (and to modify!) regular HTML than to have a zillion

println statements that generate the HTML. Plus, by separating the look from the content you can

put different people on different tasks: your Web page design experts can build the HTML,

leaving places for your servlet programmers to insert the dynamic content.

SSI is a widely-supported technology for including externally-defined pieces into a static

Web page. JSP is better because it lets you use servlets instead of a separate program to generate

that dynamic part. Besides, SSI is really only intended for simple inclusions, not for "real"

programs that use form data, make database connections, and the like.

JavaScript can generate HTML dynamically on the client. This is a useful capability, but

only handles situations where the dynamic information is based on the client's environment.

With the exception of cookies, HTTP and form submission data is not available to JavaScript.

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And, since it runs on the client, JavaScript can't access server-side resources like databases,

catalogs, pricing information, and the like.

Regular HTML, of course, cannot contain dynamic information. JSP is so easy and

convenient that it is quite feasible to augment HTML pages that only benefit marginally by the

insertion of small amounts of dynamic data. Previously, the cost of using dynamic data would

preclude its use in all but the most valuable instances.

Java Servlets:

Servlets are Java technology's answer to CGI programming. They are programs that run

on a Web server and build Web pages. Building Web pages on the fly is useful (and commonly

done) for a number of reasons:

The Web page is based on data submitted by the user. For example the results pages from

search engines are generated this way, and programs that process orders for e-commerce sites do

this as well.

The data changes frequently. For example, a weather-report or news headlines page

might build the page dynamically, perhaps returning a previously built page if it is still up to

date.

The Web page uses information from corporate databases or other such sources. For

example, you would use this for making a Web page at an on-line store that lists current prices

and number of items in stock.

Advantage of Servlets Over "Traditional" CGI?

Java servlets are more efficient, easier to use, more powerful, more portable, and cheaper

than traditional CGI and than many alternative CGI-like technologies. (More importantly, servlet

developers get paid more than Perl programmers :-).

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Efficient. With traditional CGI, a new process is started for each HTTP request. If the

CGI program does a relatively fast operation, the overhead of starting the process can dominate

the execution time. With servlets, the Java Virtual Machine stays up, and each request is handled

by a lightweight Java thread, not a heavyweight operating system process. Similarly, in

traditional CGI, if there are N simultaneous request to the same CGI program, then the code for

the CGI program is loaded into memory N times. With servlets, however, there are N threads but

only a single copy of the servlet class. Servlets also have more alternatives than do regular CGI

programs for optimizations such as caching previous computations, keeping database

connections open, and the like.

Convenient. Hey, you already know Java. Why learn Perl too? Besides the convenience

of being able to use a familiar language, servlets have an extensive infrastructure for

automatically parsing and decoding HTML form data, reading and setting HTTP headers,

handling cookies, tracking sessions, and many other such utilities.

Powerful. Java servlets let you easily do several things that are difficult or impossible

with regular CGI. For one thing, servlets can talk directly to the Web server (regular CGI

programs can't). This simplifies operations that need to look up images and other data stored in

standard places. Servlets can also share data among each other, making useful things like

database connection pools easy to implement. They can also maintain information from request

to request, simplifying things like session tracking and caching of previous computations.

Portable. Servlets are written in Java and follow a well-standardized API. Consequently,

servlets written for, say I-Planet Enterprise Server can run virtually unchanged on Apache,

Microsoft IIS, or WebStar. Servlets are supported directly or via a plugin on almost every major

Web server.

Inexpensive. There are a number of free or very inexpensive Web servers available that

are good for "personal" use or low-volume Web sites. However, with the major exception of

Apache, which is free, most commercial-quality Web servers are relatively expensive.

Nevertheless, once you have a Web server, no matter the cost of that server, adding servlet

support to it (if it doesn't come preconfigured to support servlets) is generally free or cheap.

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Servlet:

A servlet is a Java programming languageclassused to extend the capabilities

ofservers that host applications access via a response programming. Although servlets can

respond to any type of request, they are commonly used to extend the applications hosted

by Web servers. Thus, it can be thought of as a Java Applet that runs on aserverinstead of

abrowser.[1]

A Servlet is a Java class inJava EE that conforms to the Java Servlet API, a protocol by

which a Java class may respond to requests. They are not tied to a specific client-server protocol,

but are most often used with the HTTPprotocol. Therefore, the word "Servlet" is often used in

the meaning of "HTTP Servlet". Thus, a software developermay use a servlet to adddynamic

contentto a Web serverusing the Java platform. The generated content is commonlyHTML, butmay be other data such as XML. Servlets are theJava counterpart to non-Java dynamic Web

content technologies such asCGI andASP.NET. Servlets can maintain state in session variables

across many server transactions by using HTTP cookies, orURL rewriting.

To deploy and run a Servlet, aWeb containermust be used. A Web container (also

known as a Servlet container) is essentially the component of a Web server that interacts with the

servlets. The Web container is responsible for managing the lifecycle of servlets, mapping a

URL to a particular servlet and ensuring that the URL requester has the correct access rights.

The servlet API, contained in the Java package hierarchyjavax.servlet, defines the expected

interactions of the Web containerand a servlet.[2]

A Servlet is an object that receives a request and generates a response based on that

request. The basic servlet package defines Java objects to represent servlet requests and

responses, as well as objects to reflect the servlet's configuration parameters and execution

environment. The packagejavax.servlet.httpdefines HTTP-specific subclasses of the generic

servlet elements, including session management objects that track multiple requests and

responses between the Web server and a client. Servlets may be packaged in a WAR file as

aWeb application.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_programming_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_programming)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_programming)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Applethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Servlet#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_EEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_EEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_developerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_web_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_web_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_web_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(software_platform)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(software_platform)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Server_Pageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Server_Pageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Session_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL_rewritinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_containerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_containerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_packagehttp://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/servlet/package-summary.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_containerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Servlet#cite_note-r1-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Servlet#cite_note-r1-1http://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/servlet/Servlet.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_(computer_science)http://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/servlet/http/package-summary.htmlhttp://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/servlet/http/package-summary.htmlhttp://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/servlet/http/package-summary.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAR_(Sun_file_format)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_programming)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Applethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Server_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_browserhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Servlet#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_EEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_developerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_web_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_web_pagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_platformhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XMLhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_(software_platform)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Server_Pageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Session_(computer_science)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_cookiehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/URL_rewritinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_containerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_packagehttp://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/servlet/package-summary.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_containerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Servlet#cite_note-r1-1http://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/servlet/Servlet.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_(computer_science)http://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/servlet/http/package-summary.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAR_(Sun_file_format)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_applicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_programming_language

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Servlets can be generated automatically from JavaServer Pages (JSP) by the JavaServer

Pages compiler. The difference between Servlets and JSP is that Servlets typically embed HTML

inside Java code, while JSPs embed Java code in HTML. While the direct usage of Servlets to

generate HTML (as shown in the example below) has become rare, the higher level MVC web

framework in Java EE (JSF) still explicitly uses the Servlet technology for the low level

request/response handling via the FacesServlet. A somewhat older usage is to use servlets in

conjunction with JSPs in a pattern called "Model 2", which is a flavor of the model-view-

controllerpattern. A servlet is a Java component that can be plugged into a Java-enabled web

server to provide custom services. These services can include:

New features

Runtime changes to content

Runtime changes to presentation

New standard protocols (such as FTP)

New custom protocols

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaServer_Pageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaServer_Pages_compilerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaServer_Pages_compilerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Server_Faceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-view-controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-view-controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaServer_Pageshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaServer_Pages_compilerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JavaServer_Pages_compilerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Server_Faceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-view-controllerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-view-controller

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Life cycle of a servlet

During initialization stage of the Servlet life cycle, the web container initializes the

servlet instance by calling the init() method. The container passes an object implementing

theServletConfig interface via theinit() method. This configuration object allows theservlet to access name-value initialization parameters from the web application.

After initialization, the servlet can service client requests. Each request is serviced in its

own separate thread. The Web container calls the service () method of the servlet for

every request. The service () method determines the kind of request being made and

dispatches it to an appropriate method to handle the request. The developer of the servlet

must provide an implementation for these methods. If a request for a method that is not

implemented by the servlet is made, the method of the parent class is called, typically

resulting in an error being returned to the requester.

Finally, the Web container calls the destroy () method that takes the servlet out of service.

The destroy () method, like init (), is called only once in the lifecycle of a servlet.

Three methods are central to the life cycle of a servlet. These are init(), service(),

and destroy(). They are implemented by every servlet and are invoked at specific times by the

server. Let us consider a typical user scenario to understand when these methods are called.

1. Assume that a user enters a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) to a web browser.

The browser then generates an HTTP request for this URL.

This request is then sent to the appropriate server.

2. The HTTP request is received by the web server.

The server maps this request to a particular servlet.

The servlet is dynamically retrieved and loaded into the address space of the

server.

http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/1.3/api/javax/servlet/ServletConfig.htmlhttp://docs.oracle.com/javaee/1.3/api/javax/servlet/Servlet.html#init(javax.servlet.ServletConfig)http://docs.oracle.com/javaee/1.3/api/javax/servlet/Servlet.html#init(javax.servlet.ServletConfig)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_request#Request_messagehttp://docs.oracle.com/javaee/1.3/api/javax/servlet/ServletConfig.htmlhttp://docs.oracle.com/javaee/1.3/api/javax/servlet/Servlet.html#init(javax.servlet.ServletConfig)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_request#Request_message

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3. The server invokes the init () method of the servlet.

This method is invoked only when the servlet is first loaded into memory.

It is possible to pass initialization parameters to the servlet so it may configure

itself.

4. The server invokes the service () method of the servlet.

This method is called to process the HTTP request.

You will see that it is possible for the servlet to read data that has been provided

in the HTTP request.

It may also formulate an HTTP response for the client.

5. The servlet remains in the servers address space and is available to process any

other HTTP requests received from clients.

The service () method is called for each HTTP request.

6. The server may, at some point, decide to unload the servlet from its memory.

The algorithms by which this determination is made are specific to each server.

7. The server calls the destroy () method to relinquish any resources such as file

handles that are allocated for the servlet; important data may be saved to a persistent

store.

8. The memory allocated for the servlet and its objects can then be garbage

collected.

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3.3.4 MYSQL 5.1

MySQL is the world's most used relational database management system (RDBMS) thatruns as a server providing multi-user access to a number of databases. The SQL phrase stands for

Structured Query Language.

The MySQL development project has made its source code available under the terms of

the GNU General Public License, as well as under a variety of proprietary agreements. MySQL

was owned and sponsored by a single for-profit firm, the Swedish company MySQL AB, now

owned by Oracle Corporation.

Free-software-open source projects that require a full-featured database management

system often use MySQL. For commercial use, several paid editions are available, and offer

additional functionality. Applications which use MySQL databases include: TYPO3, Joomla,

WordPress, phpBB, Drupal and other software built on the LAMP software stack. MySQL is

also used in many high-profile, large-scale World Wide Web products, including Wikipedia.

Uses

MySQL is a popular choice of database for use in web applications, and is a central

component of the widely used LAMP open source web application software stackLAMP is an

acronym for "Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python". MySQL is an open source database

management system and is used in some of the most frequently visited websites on the Internet.

Platforms And Interfaces

MySQL works on many different system platforms, including AIX, BSDi, FreeBSD, HP-

UX, eComStation, i5/OS, IRIX, Linux, Mac OS X, Microsoft Windows, NetBSD, NovellNetWare, OpenBSD, OpenSolaris, OS/2 Warp, QNX, Solaris, Symbian, SunOS, SCO

OpenServer, SCO UnixWare, Sanos and Tru64. A port of MySQL to OpenVMS also exists.

Many programming languages with language-specific APIs include libraries for

accessing MySQL databases. These include MySQL Connector/Net for integration with

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Microsoft's Visual Studio (languages such as C# and VB are most commonly used) and the

JDBC driver for Java. In addition, an ODBC interface called MyODBC allows additional

programming languages that support the ODBC interface to communicate with a MySQL

database, such as ASP or ColdFusion. The HTSQL - URL-based query method also ships with a

MySQL adapter, allowing direct interaction between a MySQL database and any web client via

structured URLs.

Deployment

MySQL can be built and installed manually from source code, but this can be tedious so

it is more commonly installed from a binary package unless special customizations are required.

On most Linux distributions the package management system can download and install MySQL

with minimal effort, though further configuration is often required to adjust security andoptimization settings.

Though MySQL began as a low-end alternative to more powerful proprietary databases,

it has gradually evolved to support higher-scale needs as well. It is still most commonly used in

small to medium scale single-server deployments, either as a component in a LAMP-based web

application or as a standalone database server. Much of MySQL's appeal originates in its relative

simplicity and ease of use, which is enabled by an ecosystem of open source tools such as

phpMyAdmin. In the medium range, MySQL can be scaled by deploying it on more powerfulhardware, such as a multi-processor server with gigabytes of memory.

There are however limits to how far performance can scale on a single server, so on

larger scales, multi-server MySQL deployments are required to provide improved performance

and reliability. A typical high-end configuration can include a powerful master database which

handles data write operations and is replicated to multiple slaves that handle all read operations.

The master server synchronizes continually with its slaves so in the event of failure a slave can

be promoted to become the new master, minimizing downtime. Further improvements in

performance can be achieved by caching the results from database queries in memory using

memcached, or breaking down a database into smaller chunks called shards which can be spread

across a number of distributed server clusters.

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Cloud-Based deployment

Main article: Cloud database

Another deployment option is running MySQL on cloud computing platforms such as

Amazon EC2. There are two common deployment models for MySQL on the cloud:

Virtual Machine Image - cloud users can upload a machine image of their own with

MySQL installed, or use a ready-made machine image with an optimized installation of MySQL

on it, such as the one provided by Amazon EC2.

MySQL as a Service - some cloud platforms offer MySQL "as a service". In this

configuration, application owners do not have to install and maintain the MySQL database on

their own. Instead, the database service provider takes responsibility for installing and

maintaining the database, and application owners pay according to their usage.[26] Two notable

cloud-based MySQL services are the Amazon Relational Database Service, and the Xeround

Cloud Database, which runs on EC2, Rackspace and Heroku.

A third option is managed MySQL hosting on the cloud, where the database is not

offered as a service, but the cloud provider hosts the database and manages it on the application

owner's behalf. As of 2011, of the major cloud providers, only Rackspace offers managed

hosting for MySQL databases.

Features

A broad subset of ANSI SQL 99, as well as extensions

Cross-platform support

Stored procedures

Triggers

Cursors

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Updatable Views

Information schema

Strict mode[further explanation needed]

X/Open XA distributed transaction processing (DTP) support; two phase commit

as part of this, using Oracle's InnoDB engine

Independent storage engines (MyISAM for read speed, InnoDB for transactions

and referential integrity, MySQL Archive for storing historical data in little space)

Transactions with the InnoDB, and Cluster storage engines; savepoints with

InnoDB

SSL support

Query caching

Sub-SELECTs (i.e. nested SELECTs)

Replication support (i.e. Master-Master Replication & Master-Slave Replication)

with one master per slave, many slaves per master, no automatic support formultiple masters per slave.

Full-text indexing and searching using MyISAM engine

Embedded database library

Partial Unicode support (UTF-8 and UCS-2 encoded strings are limited to the

BMP)

ACID compliance when using transaction capable storage engines (InnoDB and

Cluster)

Partititoned tables with pruning of partitions in optimiser

Shared-nothing clustering through MySQL Cluster

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Hot backup (via mysqlhotcopy) under certain conditions

.

CHAPTER 4

SYSTEM DESIGN

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4.1 Modules Design

4.1.1 Authentication:

Authentication module contains user name and password. If already login means, they

must enter the username and password for encountered the process of car marketing. New user

means create the new account for enter that process of car product.

4.1.2 Supply Chain Process

Sales:

Sale stage generates the reporting sale data mart that covers the studied period.

Inventory:

Inventory stage generates the reporting inventory data mart. The inventory data is a

snapshot of the inventory stock on the cutoff date.

Orders:

Order stage generates the reporting order data mart. The order data is a snapshot of the

dealer orders on the cutoff date.

Production Plan:

Production Plan data source is a list of models quantities that are planned to be

produced for a specific period.

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4.1.3 Manufacturing information

It Contains car configurations/packages/options codes and description. CarConfig is

used to store Build and Price configurations made on DCX web-sites. TOPs dimension used to

map all car configurations under production. This dimension is used to map vehicles Franchise/

Year/ Model/ Package/ Option to their "Codes/Descriptions/Option Types/Default Options.

Geographic dimension is used to map ZipCode to Zone/Business Center/ State. Dealer

dimension id used to map DCX dealers.

4.1.4 Customers trends information

Websites:

Managers are interested especially in integrated data spanning DCXs relationship with

its customers and prospects regardless of whether the systems are online or offline. Having a data

warehouse that combines online and offline behavioral data for decision-making purposes is a

strategic tool which business users can leverage to improve sales demand forecasting, improve

model/trim level mix planning, adjust body model/trim level mix with inventory data, and reduce

days on lot.

DCX wants to help the inventory managers to move vehicles faster. In order to do this it

needs to identify which vehicles stay long in stock as well as which vehicles move faster. DCX

also wants to make early indication on which vehicle configurations are likely to sell well during

new vehicles launching. These analyzes are related because they all require gathering data,

scrubbing it, storing it, mapping it and finally aggregating it for the purpose of research and

analysis.

Web Activities:

Web Activity data source is used to track all user web hits/requests on DCX websites

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4.2 Data Model

4.2.1 Entity relationship diagram:

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4.2.2 Data Dictionary:

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4.3 Process model:

4,3.1 Context Analysis Diagram:

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4.3.3 Architecture Diagram

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4.3.3 Data Flow Diagram

Level 0:

Level 1:

Level 2:

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CHAPTER-V

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

Software Development Life Cycle in systems engineering and software

engineering, is the process of creating or altering systems, and the models and methodologies

that people use to develop these systems. In software engineering, the SDLC concept underpins

many kinds of software development methodologies. These methodologies form the framework

for planning and controlling the creation of software development process.

5.1 PHASES OF SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

The normal phases of a development project are planning, analysis, design,

development, testing, implementation, and enhancement. Different methodologies may call these

phases by different names, but they are always present. Each phase has its own products, which

may be documents, code, or test results. In DCOII system V-model software development life

cycle is followed, which is diagrammatically represented as follows.

5.1.1. PHASE I-PLANNING

Planning is to generate a high-level view of the intended project and determine the

goals of the project. DCOII project plan depends on the V shaped modeling of verification phase

starts at left of V shape, coding starts at the bottom and validation phase starts right of the V-

model.

5.1.2. PHASE II-ANALYSIS

The goal of systems analysis is to determine where the problem is in an attempt to

fix the system. This step involves breaking down the system in different pieces and drawing

diagram to analyze the situation. Analyze project goals, break down functions that need to be

created, and attempt to engage users so that definite requirements can be defined.

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5.1.3. PHASE III-DESIGN

Systems design is the phase where system engineers analyze and understand the business

of the proposed system by studying the user requirements document. DCOII system design is

developed by the webmaster based on the user requirements documents. They figure out

possibilities and techniques by which the user requirements can be implemented. Software

specification document which serves as a blueprint for the development phase is generated. This

document contains the general system organization, menu structures, data structures etc., some

samples screens are created.

5.1.4. PHASE IV-DEVELOPMENT

Modular and subsystem programming code will be accomplished during this stage. Unit

testing and module testing are done in this stage by the CDOII develops. Development stage is

inter mingled with the next in that individual modules will need testing before integration to the

man project. Goals & targets, of DCOII system is achieved by establishing schedules during

project development.

Chapter vi

TESTING

6.1 SOFTWARE TESTING :

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CHAPTER-VII

SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION

7.1. INTRODUCTION

It is the process of bringing developed system into operational use. if the

implementation phase is not carefully planned and controlled, it can be lead to many critical

problems. Thus proper implementation is essential to provide a reliable system to meet

managerial requirements.

Implementation is one of the most important tasks in project. Implementation is the

phase, in which one has to be cautions, because all the efforts undertaken during the project will

be fruitful only if the tool is properly implemented according to the plans made.

The implementation phase is less creative than system design. It is primarily concerned

with user training; site preparation and file-sites, the test of the network along with the system

are also included under implementation.

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Depending on the nature of the system extensive user training maybe required

programming is itself a design works. The initial parameters of the management information

system should be modified as a result of programming efforts. Programming provides a real test

for the assumption made by the analyst.

Implementation is used here to mean the process of converting a new or revised system

into an operation one. Here the new system is implemented to an operational use. Maintenance is

far more than fixing mistakes. The maintenance can be defined using four activities that are

undertaken after a program is released for use.

The second activities that contribute to a definition of maintenance occurs because of

the rapid change that encountered in every aspect of computing. Adaptive maintenance as

activity that modifies software to properly interface with a changing environment is both

necessary and common place.

The third activity that may be applied to definition of maintenance occurs when software

package is successful. As the software is used new recommendations for new capabilities,

modifications to existing function and general enhancements are received from the user, to

satisfy this request perceptive maintenance is used.

The fourth maintenance activity occurs when software is changed to improve future

maintainability or reliability, or to provide a better basic for future enhancements. This is often

called preventive maintenance, which is characterized by reverse engineering and re-engineering

technique.

7.2. IMPLEMENTATION

The system has been tested in the location of the developer. But it is not possible

to find all errors here. It may be that even after through testing the user will find errors. In such a

case the user when reports the errors it is possible to correct those errors as that coding has been

documents and it is possible to find out the location where the error is occurring and the reason

for error can be analyzed and corrected. This developed system supports for corrective

maintenance.

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As this software can be run with the requirements given above and it does not

involve any particular hardware as such and it can be run with the rapid development that is

being encountered in the computer industry. If there is a need to include any new modules then it

has been externally and then includes to it with the exits architecture. But up to now the system

holds all the possible reports generation tools, which a team needs. Later on it correspondence

with this limitation may upgrade the system.

Chapter : viii

PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATION

8.1 MERIT OF THE SYSTEM:

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Chapter: ix

APPENDICES

9.1SAMPLE SCREENS:

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Chapter : x

REFERENCES