1

5:45- 6:00 AM6:00- 7:00 AM6:00- 7:45 AM6:00- 6:30 AM6:30- 7:00 AM7:00- 8:00 AM7:00° 8:00 AM7:45- 8:00 AM8:00- 9:00 AM8:00- 8:30 AM8:00- 9:30 AM8:30- 9:00 AM9:00-10:00 AM9:00- 9:30 AM9:30-10:00 AM9:30-10:00 AM

10:00-10:30 AM10:00-10:30 AM10:00-10:30 AM10:30-11:00 AM10:30-11:30 AM10:30-11:00 AM11:00-!1:25 AM11:25-11:30 AM11:00=11:30 AM! 1:30-11:45 AM11:45-12:00 N11:30-12:00 N11:30o12:00 N12:00-12:05 PM12:00-12:30 PM12:00-12:30 PM12:30- 2:00 PM12:05 12:30 PM12.30-12:30- 1:00 PM1.00- 1:30 PM

1:00- ~. ~30 PM1:30- 2:00 PM1 30- 2:00 PM2:00- 4:00 PM2:00- 2:25 PM2:25- 2:30 PM2:00- 3:30 PM3:30- 4:30 PM2:30- 3:00 PM3:00- 3:30 PM3:30- 4:00 PM4:00- 4’30 PM4:00- 5:30 PM4.30 5:00 PM4:30- 5:30 PM5:00- 5:30 PM

RON FORTNERChannel 5 News

Mon.-Sat.6:00 P.M.

DAYTI M E

WLAC-TV SPECIAL FOR AUGUST

Farm News -- Mot~. thru Fri.Summer Semeste~ -- SundayCountry Junction - Man, thru Fri.Summer Semester -- Saturday (c)Carl Tipton - SaturdayEddie Hi~i Variety Show - SaturdayTom & Jerry!Underdog - SundayMorn. News: Weather-Man, thru FriCaptain Kangaroo -- Man. thru Fd.Frankenstein -- Saturday (c/Heaven’s Jubilee -- SundayHerculoids - SaturdayMike Douglas Show - Man. thru Fri.Shazzan -- SaturdaySpace Ghosts - SaturdayLook Up and Live - SundayAndy of Mayberry--Mon. thru Fri.Moby Dick - Mighty Mightor - Sat.Camera Three -- SundayDick Van Dyke - Man. thru Fri.Superman/Aquoman - SaturdayFaith for Today - SundayLave of Life -- Man. thru FrlJoe Benti CBS News -- Man. thru Fri.Pattern For Living -- SundaysSearch for Tomorrow -- Man. thru Fri.The Guiding Light - Man. thru Fri.Popeye -- SaturdayFace the Nation -- SundayWorld at Noon - Man. thru fri.Lane Ranger -- Saturday (c)Challenge of Space - SundayHollywood Spectacular - SundaySinging Convention - Man. thru Fri.As The World Turns - Man. thru Fri.Road Runner - SaturdayLove Is a Many Splendored Thing --

Man. thru Frl. (c)Jonny Quest - SaturdayOpportunity Line -- ScsturdayHouse Party -- Man. thru Fri. (c]Nafiona~ Soccer League -- SundayTo leU the Truth ~ Man. thru Fri. ~c)D. Edwards CBS News - Man. thou Fri.Adventure Action Movie - SaturdayD~ktari - SaturdayThe Edge of Night -- Man. thru Fri. (c)The Secret Storm - M~n, thru Fri.Gilligan’s JsJand ~ Man. thru FrLTennessee Tuxedo - SundayBig Shaw ~ Man. thru FrLAmateur Hour Sunday ~c]The Prisoner - S~turday ~c]21st Century -. Sunday

NFL Pre-Season Schedule

DATE: DAY TIME TEAMS8/11/68 Sun., 2:00 PM Philo. vs. Detroit STAN HITCHCOCK8/19/68 Mort., 8:30 PM Green Bay vs. Chicago8/24/68 Sat., 8:30 PM Green Bay vs. Dallas SHOW9/!/68 Sun., 8:00 PM Minn. vs. St. Louis Tuesdays9/7/68 Sat., 8:30 PM Bait. vs. Dallas 7:00 P.M.

EVENINGSUN. MON. TUES. WED. THURS. FRI. SAT.

CBS CBS CBSEvening Evening EveningNews (c) News (c) News (c)

W. Cronklte W. CronkitE W. Cronklte

Channel5News

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Channel 5 Channel 5 Channel 5 Channel 5 Channel 5Lassie News News News News News

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6:30

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TheSummerSmothersBrothers

Hour8:30

9

Gunsmoke(c)

DeathValley Days

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Stan (c)Hitchcock

Show

Lucy BeverlyShow Hillbillies

(c) Interna- (c)tlonal

ShowtimeAndy (�) GreenGriffith Acres

(c) (c)

Family Good He &Affair Morning She

(c) World (c) (c)

Mission9:30 ~mposs~b~e 1 Hr.

Dramas

CBS CBSEvening EveningNews (c) News (c)

W. Cronkite W. Cronklte

Cimarron The Wild,Strip Wild

(c) West(c)

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Thursday MovieNight of theMovie Week(Most in (c)color)

0 Channel5 Channel5 Channel5 Channel5News News News News

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:30 Sports sports Sports Sports___

DamCBS DeLuiseNews Show

Broadcasts (�)

Channel 5 Channel 5News News

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Perry PerryMason Mason

MILLION MILLION$ $

MOVIES MOVIES

1 PerryMason

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Sign MILLIONo~f $

12MOV,ES

MILLION Films$ of the

MOVIES 50’s

RogerMuddNews

Channel 5News

WeatherSports

AmericanCollege

Show (c~,

It’sRacingTime

My 3Sons

Hogan’sHeroes

Ic)

PettlcootJ u n(~tl o n

MarshatDiJl0n

Channel 5News

WeatherSports

WLAC-TV ChannelTENNESSEE

Manni~

Filmsof the50!~

IT’S HAPPENING NOW!

HOME BUILDERS MIRACLELUMBER

un[:,,~ CO. tNC.

.,mm m m m mm m mm mm m m mmmm m,,.

FIRST CLASS mPermit No 7, I

Hendersonville,!Tenn. m

: JONES LUMBER~0.,,~. ’ ,~UILT ON YOUR LOT, ,.o.,ox~ , , ,; HeN~eeSONVtLLe, TeNNeSSee 3~0~ ;Payments Less Than Rent ..o,~~~~ :.o-S;om.

mrevert L~s Than Mobile Home) I "

; ] 76 ~ODELS TO CHOOSE FRO~H~ Brokerage Fee Pleose send me {omplete ;nform=t;on on

N0 Long InvestigationI

Jones Homes, with no obligotion,m

m~ou,,,:~,~,~ Rural route or street address........................... I.o~::~,~o~ mPost O~ce ............................. State ........ mCOMPLETE FINANCIN~I Your commu~ ty ....

IMaiIBu~nessReplyCouponNowl I If you would lik on

!Fill in coupon-envelope, to~, seal ~~ yo , checl h ~e I(tape or p~ste) and mail...~ ~ I own a lot

I~ Postage Necessary

or call collecl824-~S~4 ~ TM-868j~ Her~d~rsonville, Tennessee

~ k

¯ Over 20~ E~ions

COMPLETE FINANCING Your community .................... Phone ........

like a Jones Home Representative to call on

you, check here [] and attach directions.

[] ~ can get a lot[] Please send floor plan c~nd prices on all Jones Homes

AUGUST ~968

M A G A Z !Official Publication of the

TENNESSEE ELECTRICCOOPERATIVE ASSOCIATION

Executive. editorial ann advertising officas:71 0 Seence Lane P.O~ Box 7232

Nashwlle Tenn.3721 0J. C. Hundley, Executive Mcsnaqer

CONTENTS

To The Point .................... ,~Lodge of South Pittsburg ...........6Foods-Facts-Fashions .............. 8Indoor Comfort Galore ...........10Your Co-op Section ..............12Uncle John’s ................... 14Timely Topics ................... 15 ~/A Good Year ................... 16Volunteer Views ................ 17Electric Car .................... 18Readers Always Write ............ 20

STAFFJohn E. Stanford ............Harry Stone ...........

POSTMASTER: In using Form 3579 please g~ve our keynumber and mail to The Tennessee Magazine, Box 7232.Nashville, Tenn. 3721 0.

THE TENNESSEE MAGAZINE s published rnonm~v o~a~ educational and informational service to member~of rural etectrlc cooperatives in Tennessee ona =n behaffof the welfare of their prograrr Second aas~ ooslc~gepaid at Memphis~ Tennessee. Published monthly, at 378|Lamar Avenue Memphis. Tennessee 381 8 Subscrietio~price: 75¢ per yeal for memoers anc~ $1.00 oer veerfor non-members.

~rinted and mailed by Sheo~ Rustin, ]no. Atlanta

ON THE COVER

Sailing, as these folks are doing on O~Hickory Lake near Nashville, is thesecond best way to keep cool in August.The best way is to enjoy an ar con-ditioned home.

TENNESSEE

Co-op Members!Remarkable, New

HOSPITAL-SURGICAL PlanPays Money Back

for Each YearYou Stay_ Well!

Guaranteed 8% CASH AWARDeach year you do not use your policy benefits.

Nov,,. ; new kind of health insurance gives theEXTRZ~. CASH protection you need for covered sick-ness or off the job accident. You get liberal ben-efits to help pay hospital rooms (up to $40 a dayfor 365 day maximum) . . . surgeon’s fees (up to$600 according to the fee schedule in the policy)... drugs, dressings, x-rays, ambulance, and othermisceiI~neous hospital and first aid expenses . . .plus generous maternity benefits.

This new plan (Policy HS-500) is available exclu-sively from Union Bankers Insurance Company. Itis Guaranteed Renewable--the insurance companycannot cancel no matter how much you collect orwhat your future health condition becomes . . . aslong as you continue to pay premiums on time.

With this unique Money-Back Plan you get the vitalprotection you need to help meet today’s higher-than-ever medical costs. If you stay well and don’t

need to use the valuable benefits provided by thepolicy, you get a guaranteed 8% REFUND IN CASHat the end of the policy year.

ENROLLMENT PERIOD OPEN...SO PLEASE ACT NOW!

Benefits are payable on existing health conditionsafter six months. And, you do not have to be inperfect health to qualify for this plan.

The Union Bankers Money-Back .Plan HS-500 is is-sued on an individual or family basis--up to age 65.

Send for complete facts including low rates. En-rollment period is open so please act now. Lookover the details in your own home, and decide foryourself if you want the one policy that guaranteesyou money back eac___.~h year if you stay well! Noobligation.

Name

Address

City

FREE INFORMATION COUPON

UNION BANKERS INSURANCE COMPANYP.O. BOX 8685 ¯ Nashville, Tenn. 37211

Gentlemen:

Please see that I receive FREE INFORMATION, including lowrates on your new Money-Back Hospital-Surgical Plan HS-500.I understand there is no obligation.

State Z~p

A Tennessee Town D~dn’t O~u~ta Li~e Up ~o ~sNarners, B~ ~odge Man~f~c~urMg Co. Ha, s MoreTh~n Don~ Hs P~r~ fn Being ¯ . .

The Pittsburg ofSouth Pittsburg

By John Stanford

Employee Wade Young recharges an electric furnace by electrical remote controlfrom behind protective shield. Pig iron is heated to 2,800-degrees before beingpoured into sand molds.

South Pittsburgh, Tennessee(population: just over 4,000 per-sons) didn’t become "The Pitts~burg of the South" that itsfounders, and namers, hoped itmight be after rich deposits ofiron ore were found nearby anda furnace set up almost a centuryago. But that isn’t the fault ofthe local Lodge ManufacturingCompany, one of the five or sixlargest manufacturers of cast ironcooking utensils in the UnitedStates. It has been a highly im-portant South Pittsburg fixturefor 72 years--and is still goi~gstrong.

Although 72 years is an above-average length of time for anyone company to engage in themanufacture of a particular lineof products in our modern-dayworld, man’s use of iron to servehis needs goes back k~to history

some four to five thousand years.So important has this versatileand reliable metal been to hu-manity that one 1,100-yearperiod of history (1,000 B.C. to100 A.D.) continues to be knownas The Iron Age.

In the Middle Ages, kings listediron pots and pans as treasures.Cast iron stoves were used inAlsace as early as 1490 but itwas not until 1 800 that cookstoves became popular.

Since the Mayflower days herein America, the American house-wife has used and liked cast ironcooking utensils, Among the mostprecious possessions the firstsettlers brought with them werethe iron pots a~d ~%piders" sovitally important to the healthand well-being of thv pioneerfamily. These utensils karl stoodthe test of thne in the "old

daughter. As ~.n~and t.hcir laTin]lies farmpd ou~ tothe n~rth, wes~ and ~,ut~ o~ J~eirorigina! landings ,>n ~h, ~.’astcoast, they Look their cus~ ironcooking utensils with them thusperpetuating the continuing be-~efs of millions of people todaythat cast iron is the fNest, cook-~g metal ever known.

Millions of people in this Won-der Age~which includes metalsas well as drugs, electronics antspace travel still prefer thisancient and humble metal aboveal! others for cooking?

As one of a half~ozen orleading manufacturers of castiron products, the Lodge Manu-facturing Company provides a~least part of an emphatic answerof "YES" to this question

Lodge, a family-owned firmin its third generation o~ ownur-ship and management, manufac-tures ~ excess of 250 d~geren"items made of cast iron. It>volume ranges from a rclath-,,handful for some items ~p200,000 units for its best sellur.a 10-~ch skillet. The companywill approach one million unitsof all kinds each year. S~ce itonly one of six leading companiesmanufacturing cast iron producland allowing for a m~est outputof smaller man~ac~urers of sire>lar products, it is more thanaccurate to state tha~ millionsof people still prefer cast iron

Pouring molten iron into skillet moldsis Hubert Reynolds. Although companymanufactures more than 250 different:,iems, most are varying si~es o{ skillets,griddies. Dutch over:s, ;r’~,ers and o~herCook’vVOr@.

[,,:~dffe Manufacturing

j~,-,,t~ Lod~e~ assis~;ed hy hisbr, :r. Wi!liam j. L~Jge. Thisb~ :,~’~ was then known as theBk;<:~ti>(:k Foundry and was lo-ca1¢< on the north end of SouthF:,t¢~: .~ near the iron furnacemezt ned earlier. This foundry,inc:u<:ln~ its many wooden pat-ter~s, burned ~ 1909. A newp]a~-f v, as built and incorporatedon H:~’t 8th Street in ]g]0. This]at(~r plant, with additions ofspa<:< and new equlpment~ nowcont.~ins 80,000 square feet, hires900 ,;:~-p]oyees and has salesex(<- -. d $2-ml]~on annually.

T},< manufacture of Lodge’squa]:<[.~ products revolves ]arze]yaro< :-.2 heat, sand, know-how and,of c{;: ;’~.e, pig ~on.

E>~. ~ne wide range of cast ironpro:. ,: :.s manufactured by Lodge,i~ ~,’ )d be difficult to detail allof t ..~ arious processes and pro-ted. -~ used. Basically, however,thi~ ’~ :r!y simplified pattern isfol] ,-.. in mak~g most Lodge

1.~ ]d? and!or cores are madeof :: special ~rade of sand con-tal ring 14-18% clay to which isadd ed proper amounts of waterand adhesive materials. Thissr,:-~ is tightly pressured ~top~< t e:rns from which it emergesa- :,:,~lds and/or cores of con-sic ~’rable substance.

2. Into and around these moldsant cores is poured moltenit, m, which has been heatedt,) 2:.800-degrees either incuj-~,~as or electric furnaces.

3. After the iron has solidified

and around tee molds andcores, the sand which com-prised them is broken looseand removed, leavingtherough cast iron product,.

4. First step in the smoothingprocess is a "wheelabrator"which bombards the cast ironproducts with steel shots aboutthe size of coarse sand. Someof the product lines, especiallythe lower-priced ones, areready for packaging and ship-:nent at this. point.

5. Three more steps await themore highly finished lines:grinding of any remainingrough edges, however small;tumble polishing; and a specialwax coating.

With the exception of severalcupolas used to heat the raw ironto molten status, the Lodge opera-tion is all electric including twoelectric furnaces. Power is fur-nished by Sequaehee Valley Elec-tric Co-op. Lodge is the co-op’ssecond largest user. But the re-lationship between the co-op andLodge goes a bit further thanthat of supplier-member.

Going back almost three de-cades, R. L. Lodge, one of thesecond of the three generationswhich have owned and managedthe Lodge Manufacturing Com-pany, was one of the founders andthe first President of SequacheeValley Electric Co-op.

Today, three of his nephewsare the principals of the Lodgeorganization: President C. R.Kellermann, Vice President andSales Manager Francis Keller-mann, and Vice President for Pro-duction W. L. Kellermann. And theleadership of Lodge companycon-

tinues to help in the leadership ofthe co-op as W. L. Kellermann,sem, es; as he has for a numberof years, on the Board of Trusteesof Sequachee Valley Electric Co-op.

True, South Pittsburg, Tennes-see didn’t become the Pittsburgof the South. But it wouldn’t betoo far wrong to say that theLodge Manufacturing Company isthe Pittsburgh of South Pittsburg,Tennessee, and that’s goodenough for the local people whoenjoy the economic benefits ofhaving Lodge ManufacturingCompany in their midst, and forthe untold number of good cooksover the nation who enjoy usingthe fine cast iron eookware madeby Lodge Manufacturing Com-pany in Tennessee.

Remainder of sand mold is removedfrom skillet at this stop on productionline. Skillets, and all other products,go from this point of production to a"wheelabrator" where they are bom-barded with fine steel shots for furthersmoothing.

Skille! ~crr, es off pouring line still encased in its compressed sand mold. Cast ironskille~ re~ch this point every few seconds. Part of sand mold is removed here,

After "wheelabrator" processing,skillets and other products which areto receive additional finishings gothrough this grinding process, at whichCarl Dykes is shown taking off any re-maining rough edges. Final steps aretumble pollshing and waxing.

Restoration of Homes Builtin the 19th Century

By Libba MorrisHome Economist

Chickasaw Electric Co-op

Mrs. Melvin Acuff stands beside thedouble mantel in the dining room.

Mrs. Ronald Woods stands beside anantique piece of furniture in her livingroom.

You don’t have to travel too farinto the Deep South tofind beauti-ful old homes that have been re-stored. Three homes have beenselected for this article. The fami-lies who restored these homes cer-tainly had to view what the homecould look like. This takes a lotof will power and stamina andafter the job gets started, theremight have beenmoreheadaches,especially in trying to preservethe old. By this we meanmantels,stair casings and rafts, hardware,trim on doors, the original col-umns and on and on. Each homehas a history all its own.

The Melvin Acuff home wasformerly know~ as the Wilson Bur-nette farm. Mr. Burnette servedwith the Bedford Forest Calvary,14th Tennessee Regiment in theCivil War. He was rated as aFirst Lieutenant at only 29 yearsof age. A family of 9 lived in thishome most of the time until thechildren began to marry. Thehome was heired to one of thechildren and one of the most sig-nificant facts about the home is ithas only been sold three times.This home was built after the CivilWar, sometime after 1864. Thehome is at least 100 years old.The brick was made by hand r~otfar from the home.

Living relatives are scatteredfrom Texas to Tennessee. Thenearest doctor was about five orsix miles. The family made the tripto Somerville, the county seat,twice a year; once in the Springand once in the Fall. Mrs. BessieWard, a grandchild of Wilson Bur-nette, related most of this informa-tion to this writer. She mentionedvisiting an aunt in the New Bethelcommunity, which is now about a15 minute drive from the home.But long ago, when they made thetrio by surrey, the trip seemed likeitwas ~plum off the map."

As far as communications areconcerned, messengers onhorse-back could get the word aroundrather quickly with a boy headedin one direction and another inthe opposite direction.

Mr. and Mrs. Acuff remodeledthis home to an all-electric home.Although there are 12 foot ceil-ings in the home, the heat pumpgives efficient heating and cooling,There was no plan for theyworkedthings out as they went along.The original walls were 13 inchesthick. Most of the walls, floorsand woodwork were torn out ~ ndreplaced with new material. Win-dows, doors, and shutters were ofsuch size and shape that they hadto be special made. There are 12

The Woods’ three children, left to right:Everett, Rhondo, and Clyde on the stairsleading out of the entry.

The Jovety home of Mr. ond Mrs=RonaJdWoods.

’Lucerne’--Home of Dr. c~nd .~rs. ffvinMouldin.

NESSEE t~AGAZtNE

hug~: ~’(~.~ms in the home; plenty ofroo~:~ f<~r their three daughters andtheb ha~band.s and six grandchil-dre’.:~ ~o visit.

;’b. Acuff is in the sawmillingbush-:~ss and he made all thepan~.ling for the Study, Kitchen,and Family Room. Four differentwoods are used in the FamilyRoo,m~ catalpa, locust, birch andmaplc..

Remodeling was done by JuneMoss, contractor, Buff Electric,and Creak Plumbing.

It would be well worth yourwhile if you are ever in this vi-cinity, to go by and see this homewhicl~ has been named the Mel-Lu Farm.

Tkree miles East of Stanton,stm~_ds a stately, two story, whitebrick ~_,ome belonging to Mr. andMrs. 2qonald Woods. This homewas c~riginally owned by Mrs.Woods" great grandfather, RobertCaldwe!l. The home was builteithe~ before or right after theCivi~ War. The owner is not posi-tive ~,; 5on the home was built butshe does know their home is wellover I00 years old. Only onefamily has lived here, outside theimmediate family. It has alwaysbeen in the Caldwell name untilit was sold to the Fords. TheWoods just happen to be anothergeneration of the original owner.

Mr. Caldwell was a farmer andhe and his wife raised nine chil-dren, not any of their own. Thestory is told of Mr. Caldwell rid-ing on horseback to Arkansas toget a baby. He returned with ababy in his arms and the babywas his nephew whom they adopt-ed. Its parents were believed tohave died during the C~vil War.This nephew carried the familyname.

Quite differently from eooldngelectrically today, they usedwoodfor cooking and heating. Tele-phone came into being in thiscommunity before electricity.There was no running water untilthe Woods took on the job of re-modeling. There was one dropfixture, gare bulb, in each room,no receptacles, no wall switchesand no 220 service.

As the remodeling began to takeplace in 1961, everything was ingood s?tape. They preserved theorigb~ai floors, stair rail, wood-Work, d (~ors and mantels. The stairrail and r-,aantel are walnut finish-ed. Storm doors and windows andshutters were special made. Thewalls were insulated properly and

’UGUST, ~968

finished with sheetrock. Whitebrick was added to the clapboardexterior walls. A complete, newelectric service with adequate out-let~ and wall switches provides thefamily with modern conveniences.Attractive fixtures replaced barebulbs.

Aluminum columns replaced thewood columns. Mayes-Howard,contractor, Covington; and Wil-liams Brothers in Brownsville areresponsible for the remodeling andelectric service.

Mrs. Woods remarked if shehadto do all over again, she believesshe would try it. Mr. and Mrs.Woods have three children: Clyde,Rhonda, and Everett.

"Lucerne" was built in the1850’s by Peter Mosby. This homeis located approximately fourmiles north of Somerville, Tenn-essee. Wooden pegs, square nails,wide board flooring and handmadebrick are original with the home.There were two brick kilns on the

estate and the bricks for the homewere made in these kilns.

Mr. and Mrs. L. F. Catron mov-ed to "Lueerne" in 1904 to as-sume the farming responsibilitiesfor his cousin, Peter Mosby. Later,after the death of Mr. Mosby, theCatrons purehased the home andsttrroundin~ farm acreage. Thiswas "Home" for the Catrons andthe wonderful family of 6children.At the settlement of the estatefollowing the death of Mrs. Catron,the home and 105 acres werepur-chased by Mrs. Elise CatronMauldin, a daughter, and herhus-band, Dr. Irvin Mauldin." Thiscouple spent about two years inrestoring the interior and exteriorof the home as close as possibleto its original appearance. Re-storing and repairing requiredmuch more time and is much moreexpensive than new work. Theonly modernizing is in the kitchenand bathrooms. Panelingwas add-ed to the walls of the all-electric

(Continued on Page 21)

Before restoration and remodeling of the Acuff home, and After.

INDOOR COMFORT ALL WIN I’ER

Mr. Tilghman discusses the proper location for a register with little Miss Mary LouReid, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Hughes Reid. Route 3, Trenton. Tennessee.

By Floyd Roberts, Electrification AdvisorGibson County Electric Membership Corp.

A recent story appearing in oneof the leading magazines hascreated a tremendous responsefrom home owners from all partsof the nation.

This story was brought to ourattention by Mr. E. C. (Froggie)Tilghman of Tilghman ElectricCompany, Trenton, Tennessee, ashort time ago.

The story was written by Mr.John W. Norris, president of Len-nox Industries, Inc. and deals pri-marily with central forced air heat-ing systems. However, since mostof our central systems today con-sist of combined forced airheatingand cooling, there is no reasonwhythese same facts cannot be as-sociated with cooling as well asheating.

Since the primary interest ofeveryone having a forced airheat-ing and cooling system is comfortand economy, it is the opinion ofthose in the heating and coolingindustry that this story by Mr.Norris will be beneficial.

The Contents of His Story

:’Through howling snowstorms,below-zero cold, or frigid rain andsleet, awarm-air-heated home canbe completely comfortable. Floorswill be warm and draftless, and allrooms will heat evenly.

However, I would be the first toadmit that not all warm-air-heat-ed houses today are comfortable.And since 95 percent of the newhomes buil~ last year were heatedin this way, we may be speakingfor a considerable number ofhomes. But all houses--new or ex-isting-could be quite comfortableif the air-moving system were ad-justed for continuous blower oper-ation. In the trade, we call itC.A.C., or continuous air circula-tion, a definition your heating con-tractor will recognize.

Most warm-air-heated homesare now adjusted for intermittentblower operation, and this is simp-ly not right. When the furnaceblower stops, all the air-treatingfunctions stop. Cold air builds upon the floor in layers. Warm airrises to the ceiling. One room willcool faster than another, and tem-perature imbalance develops fromroom to room. Then, when theblower starts, there is a blast ofhot air from the registers, and thelayer of cold air across the floorbegins to move. People in the roomfeel drafts first, and then warmth,because a warm-air system re-sponds very quickly.

One naturally asks why it hastaken the warm-air industry solong to realize the importance ofconstant blower operation with

their systems, it is quite surpris~ing that an industry oI such sizehas been so slow to awakenprinciple and the rules governinginstallations rules that makeso sim~le and economical tothe furnace blower constantly.

What’s needed is more educa-tion. A homeowner tends to thinkof a forced-warm-air furnace asonly a heating system. He isclined to think that the heatingsystem in operating when mr isblowing from the registers. If thisdischarging air does not feel warmto him. he assumes something iswrong and frequently calls his fur.nace man and complains that hissystem is blowing cold air. andthere must be something wrongwith it.

Discharging air should fee]In a correctly adjusted warm,q-mrsystem, the heating source will beon for onlyvery short and tk’equentcycles about three minutes at atime: then off: then back onagam.But the blower must run constam-ly.

This means that most of the timethe air coming from the supplyregisters will feel chilly if you holdyour hand right over the opening.While this air might be at roomtemperature, it will feel chillycause the velocity of the air streamevaporates moisture from the smface of your body, producing acooling effect, exactly like ~hat ofan electric fan.

Therefore, the correctly install~ed and correctly adjusted warm-air system will be discharging airthat feels a little chilly mostofthetime. When a homeowner comoplains that his heating system isblowing cold air, the installer

With minor wiring and proper typeconfroJ, your system c~n be ~witchto continuous fan very e~sib/.

TENNESSEE M,

should have explained previouslythe advantages of a C.A.C. sys-tem B~t this educational job takestime It takes less time for thefurl~ace installer to readjust theeon~>.~ls so that the blower oper-ates o~aty when there is substantialheat in the furnace. Butinthepro-cess. !~e thoroughly spoils the po-ten~iaI indoor comfort possiblewith C.A.C.

Because air discharging fromthe supply openings will usuallybe a~ room temperature, the open-ings ~ registers) should be locatedso that the air stream will notstrike a room occupant directly.This, of eourse, means care in thelocation of these registers and inthe selection of the type of reg-ister ~sed.

Bes~ location for the warm-airregis’,.er is in the floor around theperir~.÷ter of the house, under thelarges:: window areas. Preferably,these- floor openings should besev,::: to nine inches in from theouts~d÷ wall, so that windowdrap~..~: can be closed without in-terfering with the air flow.

By ~sing a diffusing type of floorregister, a fan-shape spread ofupward-moving air furnishes acurtain of comfort over the outsidewall or window surface. This dis-charging air stream also inductssome recirculation within the in-ner portions of the room, whichkeeps f!oors b e autifully warm, eeil-ings cool, and an even tempera-¯ ture from floor to ceiling. Butwhere houses do not have base-ments the usual location for theregister is in the ceiling or highon the sidewall. The most exper-ieneed and most dedicated warm-air-h~ating installers select a sup-ply register of a diffusing type thatwill regulate the velocity of the dis-charging air so that it will notcause drafts.

In a correctly adjusted warm-air system, the blower will runmore slowly and quietly than usualin systems set for the commonintermittent type of operation.Your fu_rnaee will be quieter andyour house infinitely more com-fortable.

It is comparatively simple for acontract, or to adjust an existingwarm-air system so the blower canrun constantly. He might even ad-Vise t~e addition of some aeeousti-cal ins’diation inside the return-airsystem to make the air flow sti!lquieter. These changes are simpleand q~ite inexpensive. Buttheydorequire the services of an experi-enced contractor.

With the blower r(~rming ait thetime, the air is continuously clean-ed as it passes througk~ tl~e thlLer.Rooms on the south, with largeglass exposure, tend to overhea~because of the solar gain througt~windows. With the blower runnin~without interruption, this exces~temperature is drained out of sun-ny rooms and used to warm thebalance of the house. The bloweris like a giant air mixer main-raining even temperaturesthroughout.

Frequently people worry about,the cost of electricity for running ablower all the time. It is true thatthis type operation adds to yourelectric-power bill. However, forevery dollar of added cost for elec-tricity, you will save between twoand three dollars in the fuel youuse for heating. The reason is

understandabie:[f t},e blower never st~~ps, heat

is ,::arrived away fr,’~m you.r fur-nace the instan~ the heater turnson. Rooms are kept at the righttemperature, with shorter heatertimes. Ceilings are kept muchcooler, and there is less heat lossfrom them. Floors, of course, arekept warmer in the process.

I hear homeowners claim thatthey reduce their fuel bill from20 to 30 percent merely by oper-ating the blower continuously, andthey get abundant additionalbenefits.

With a good dueled air systemin your home, you are set to addsuch delightful accessories as cen-tral cooling, electronic air dean-ing, power humidification, and newdevices for air freshening and dee-

(Continued on Page 20)

Dr. E. C. Barker, Route 1, Trenton, Tennessee, has faith in the economy of hiselectric central forced air heating and cooling system as evidenced by the expan-sion of his residence which will include an additional unit.

Mr. Tilghman points to a self-cleaning electronic filter that can be added to a con-tinuous blower system along with a powe~ humidifier and new devices for airfreshening and deodorization.

AUGUs!, ~ 96811

now’s YourHousepower?

\!

If your lights dim when the furnace kicks on, orif a fuse blows when you plug in the iron, chancesare your electrical wiring is overloaded, and yourhome has inadequate Housepower for today’s mod-ern, electric living.

Consult your electrical contractor immediatelyfor outmoded wiring is not only a costly nmsance--it’s dangerous.

One thing you shouldn’t do is call in a self-styled expert, for improper and inadequate wiringcan be expensive.

Before the contractor arrives, there are twothings you can do to help him provide the right kindof wiring for both the present and the future.

Make a list of outlets and switches you think areneeded. Don’t neglect outside outlets and lighting.They can add to the safety, convenience and pleasureof your home.

Decide what appliances you may purchase in thefuture and where you probably will put them. Thiswill help the electrician determine the size of wires,number and kind of circuits, and whether added ca-pacity is needed. This planning ahead saves money byproviding flexibility that reduces the need for fre-quent and costly changes.

The basic requirements of a well planned wiringsystem are safety, convenience, adequacy, flexibilityand efficiency. Keep these factors in mind if you arerevamping your house wiring.

Also be sure to plan enough lighting. It savestime, eyesight and wear and tear on the disposition.The minimum lighting load recommended for thehome is three watt~ to the square foot. More lightingis needed for reading or working.

The location of outlets is vitally important. Theyshould not be more than 12 feet apart and no point

along the floorline should be more than six feet froman outlet. You’ll need more outlets in some areas thanin others. This is true in any room where a numberof electric devices are used. Let’s say that the masterbedroom has twin beds with electric blanketsand that the night table between these accommodatesan electric clock, a table lamp and a small radio:There must be receptacles for five appliances. There-fore, there should be three duplex outlets along theheadboard wall.

In the kitchen, laundry and workshop, thereshould be individual 240-volt circuits for each majorappliance, such as a range, clothes dryer, water heat,er and large air conditioner. There also should be 20-ampere 120-volt circuits in each of these areas withoutlets for appliances such as a washer, ironer, dish-washer and disposer, refrigerator, freezer and heater.

A further word about switches: To save stepsand avoid the hazards of falls in hallways, on stepsor over toys in dark rooms, be sure to have three-wayand four-way switches to permit the control of light~from two or more locations. If you cannot turn a lighton when you enter a dark area, or cannot turn oneoff when you leave a lighted area, your house is"underswitched." You will find that silent mercuryswitches last longer and are worth the extra cost.

Each circuit has a protective device located inthe panel box. It can have either fuses or circuit:::breakers. The purpose is to break the circuit inof an overload and prevent the overheating of wires.Be sure that your electrician labels each circuit onthe panel door so that you can identify the circuit iftrouble develops.

Finally, replacing fuses with coins or larger fusesmost certainly doesn’t solve the problem of ....¯loaded wiring.

A/NE W-FA SHION]

IDEA

FOR BETTER¯ j LIVING WITH

~ RURALELECTRIC

~ P 0 WER

AN ELECTRIC WATER SYSTEM BRINGSWATER WHERE IT’S NEEDED MOST!

The typical rural family formerly carried over 70 tons of water andwalked 70 miles a year between the pump and the house. Those wet tripsare no longer necessary because an electric water pump does the joblRunning water contributes so much to your family’s health and comfort.Makes household chores easier because water is as close as thenearest tap.An electric water system can help you earn more, too. Research provesthat animals and poultry produce more when there is adequate wateralways available. Running water will also help up-grade your dairy soyou’ll get more for every hundredweight.Consider an electric water system as a sound investment. An investmentin your family’s health and a good investment so you’ll earn more.

Tennessee’s Rural Electric Cooperatives

AUGUST ~968 13

Although loan funds availablethrough the Rural ElectrificationAdministration may fall far shortof the projected needs of ruralelectric co-ops in 1968 and, unlessconsiderably increased, the yearsbeyond, the year 1967 was gen-erally considered a good one interms of over-all progress.

During 1967, 155,000 ruralfamilies received first-time elec-tric service as the result of loansmade by REA. This brings to5,843,000 the number of ruralfamilies and business establish-ments in 46 states, Puerto Ricoand the Virgin Islands which arenow receiving service throughREA-financed electric systems.REA loans also provide, in ad-dition to making possible newservices, the heavying up of linesto provide better services to ex-isting members.

Rural residential consumersserved by these systems used,nationally, an average of 545kilowatt hours of electricity permonth in fiscal year 1967. Resi-dential members served by elec-tric co-ops in Tennessee used 982kilowatt hours per month.

Nationally, residential con-sumers paid an average of $11.23for their 545 KWH. Members ofTennessee electric co-ops paid anaverage of $8.94 for their 982KWH average monthly use, or11.5% less for 80% more power.

On January 1, 1968 there wasa total of 1,101 REA electricborrowers--988 cooperatives, 55public power districts, 33 otherpublic bodies and 25 power com-panies. There are 22 electricops serving Tennesseans.

Nationally, the cost of power torural electric members was 2.06cents per kilowatt hour. In Tenn-essee that figure was barely overnine-tenths of one cent (.91 cents)per kilowatt hour.

Net sales throughout the na-tion’s co-ops reached 52.8-billionkilowatt hours. Sales by TVA tothe 50 rural electric co-ops inthe Tennessee Valley area was10-billion KWH.

The 74 electric borrowers gen-erating power in 1967 produced14.2-billion kilowatt hours, an in-crease of 22.5Y0 over the previousyear. Excluding sales betweenborrowers, REA-financed systemspurchased an estimated 44.7-billion kwh, topping 1966 by 4.4%.

The 74 borrowers generatingpower had a capacity of 3,701,126kilowatts at the end of 1967,representing slightly more thanlyo of the Nation’s installed ca-pacity. They generate 24.1% andpurchase 75.9% of the power theydistribute.

Electric borrowers achieved anestimated net worth of more than$1.4-billion by the end of 1967,or 27% of total assets. This repre-sented an increase of almost 1%more ownership over the previousyear.

During 1967, REA approvedloans in the amount of $258-million, bringing to slightly morethan $6.4-billion the cumulativetotal of electric loans approvedby REA since 1935. Of this ap-proved amount, some $5.5-billionhad been advanced for invest-ment by borrowers in their localelectric facilities by the end of1967.

About 67.5% of the 1967 loans

were made to finance system im-provements and new distributionfacilities, 32.4% were made tofinance generation and trans-mission facilities and .1% weremade for consumer facilities.

Electric borrowers paid morethan $241-million in principal andinterest on their REA loans dur-ing 1967, bringing to more than$2.8.-billion the cumulativeamount paid by year’s end. Thisamount includes almost $1.6-billion repaid on principal as due,more than $300-million as princi-pal paid ahead of schedule, andinterest payments in excess of$900-million.The loans made by REA in

1967 brought to almost 65-million the total number of ruralconsumers (families and businessestablishments) being served orscheduled to be served by REA-financed systems. The nationalaverage density for these systemsis about 3.6 consumers per mileof line. The average of Tennesseeis 7 families and businesses, oralmost twice the national av-erage.

The year 1967 ended with98.4% of the nation’s farms, ruraland small town residences reoceiving central station electricservice. Tennessee’s average isalmost identically the same.1935, the national figure stood at10.9%. In Tennessee that figurewas an even more dismal

The REA-financed rural electri-fication program has been a greatone, and 1967 was no exception-With adequate loan funds theyears ahead can be, and must beif ever-growing rural needs are tobe met, even greater ones.

!NNESSEE

Volunteer Views

The job of rural electrification may be com-i~lete, as some detractors of the program havebeen trying to tell the American public for~,:ears. But until recently it wouldn’t have done~:mch good to tell this to the more than half-~fllion persons in rural America who received~Lrst-time electric service during the fiscal year~,:kich ended June 30. Those half-million peoplecomprise the 155,000 families which receivedelectricity in their homes for the first timeduring the past year.

And it wouldn’t do much good to give this~’the rural electrification job is done" misin-formation to hundreds of thousands of other:ural families in America who, electricallyspeaking, are still living in the 1890’s. Manyof these people may never have electric ser-vice during their lifetimes.

Why?Because they live in "protected" areasserved by private power companies which, inmany cases, have power lines only a mile orso away.

And why won’t the private power companiesserve these people who want electricity? They~v[iI--if the unserved people are willing andable to pay through the nose for it ... apractice which the power interests have longe~ercised and which did much to force theorganization of rural electric co-ops in the firstplace.

One of mm~y such examples may be gleanedfrom the state of Wisconsin, where percentageof rural electrification in areas served by ruralelectric co-ops is among the highest in thenation. But private power companies also~erve certain rural areas of Wisconsin, and~herein lies the problem.

Before anyone thinks we are talking aboutanother state "behind its back," we shouldp~int out the chief spokesman against this~trageous situation is Wisconsin’s distin-gcished U.S. Senator, Gaylord Nelson.

Senator Nelson has pointed out to his Senate~oileagues and others, for example, that h~

one Wisconsin county there’s a group of ninefamilies without electricity. The local powercompany would gladly serve these ninefamilies, providing they pay anywhere from$500 to $5,000 to extend a line from the mainl~ne a mile or so away.

One family wrote the Senator that theyhave tried to get electric service since 1954.They have mail delivery, school buses, tele-phones,black-topped roads--but no electricity.

In still another Wisconsin county, SenatorNelson states, a group of 16 families has beentrying to get electric service. The privatepower company wants to charge $8,000 to runa distribution line to their cluster of homes.Nelson pointed out that if these families wereliving within an area served by a rural electriccooperative, it would cost them only $5 (mem-bership) to get electricity.

Continued Nelson, "Like many pioneeringprograms designed to benefit the public, therural electrification program faces the risk ofbecoming the victim of its own success. Manypeople who fought the program from the out-set now say that it has been a very successfulprogram but we do not need it any more sinceit has done such a great job of bringing electricpower to our countryside. I state again thatthe job is not complete. The rural electrifica-tion program must be continued and improvedif Wisconsin and other states in our nation areto make maximum use of our existing andpotential resources."

Running electric lines to 98% of our ruralhomes and business establishments, which wehave done, is only the beginning of a muchlarger job--that of making available an everincreasing amount of power on a reliable andeconomical basis and from a source of supplythat is both sound and stable.

To these objectives our electric co-ops arecommitted. In obtaining these objectives theymust succeed.

AUGUr1 !968

The Fight for¯ the

This aJl-electric car brought smiles to thefaces of Sens. Edmund S. Muskie, left, ofMaine, and Warren G. Magnuson ofWashington. Both men have been in,heforefront of the fight against air poJlu-tion.

If you’re the Mnd of personwho enjoys a good fight onthe sideof the underdog, you might wantto join the struggle for a practicalelectric ear.

But don’t expect fast or easysuccess. The skeptics andoutrightopponents far outnumber thesmall band of inventors, manufac-turers, and electric officials whosee a bright future for a car pow-ered by batteries.

Even proponents of the electriccar shy away from any sugges-tion tha$ it will replace the inter-na] combustion engine, and thereasons are pretty obvious. Thegasoline car is not simply ameansof transportation, it is a way oflife. The material prosperity of thenation heavily depends on carmanufacturing and the industriesrelated to it, principally steel, oiland chemicals. Each year millionsof dollars are spent in advertisingto make sure things stay the waythey are.

Until very recently, almost no-body criticized the automobile.Then along came airpollution andRalph Nader, and peoplebegantorealize that we might be slowlypoisoned by the air we breathe--contaminated in large part by the-waste products of roughly I00~rdtlio~ gasoline a~d diesel-power-ed vebJd es~if we were:it amongthe 50,000 Americans kflied morequictdy each year in automobileaccidents.

Without those rea~iz, ations, t,he

Phil Sawicki

electric car would still be where itwas in the 1930’s--in the ash-heapof history.

ONCE MORE PREVALENT

During the first two decades ofthe 20th Century, the electric carwas far more prevalent than itsgasoline-powered cousin. It wasquiet, it was reliable, .and it didn’tscare horses.

In the words of one matronlylady in New York City, "My dec-tric is a friend of which I stand inconstant need for little morningspins in the park, for calling, forshopping, for matinees, for dinnerand theatres. It never fails me."

But then, as now, the electriccar had some technical defectsthat the internal combustion en-gine would overcome. You couldn’tgo more than about 20 miles with-out needing to have the batteriesrecharged, the weight load waslimited, and you slowed down dras-trically going uphill. A bad omenoccurred in 1916, when one man-ufacturer introduced the WoodDual Power, wi~h both an internalcombustion engine and a battery-powered electric motor.

By the 1920s, thanks chiefly toHenry Ford’s cheap and reliablecars and the continuing discoveryofoil dsposits, the electric carwason the defensive. By the followingdecade, electric cars were builtonly to meet special orders.

It took another quarter centuryfor interest to revive in the dec-tric car, a 25-year period duringwhich more and more Americansbecame concerned about pollutionin the air. Much of that pollutionwas obvious. It could be seen com-ing from industrial smokestacks,from municipal incinerators, fromapartment buildings. But the con-certed attack on these evidentsources of pollution did not purlS*the air, particularly in big citieslike Los Angeles and New York.P]nMly. scientists discovered that

the millions of cars and ~rucks onAmerica’s highways were releas-ing millions of tons of variouschemicals into the air. In 1966,for instance, according to theS. Deparvment of Health. Educa-tion and Welfare, the total airpollution was 142 million ~ons. Ofthat, an estimated 86 million runscame from automobiles and oth ervehicles, in the form of carbonmonoxide, nitrogen oyddes, andgaseous hydrocarbons.

Naturally enough, Congre,-.’s,state legislatures, public healthofficials and others concernedabout the problem have directedtheir chief efforts a~ solving thispollution at its sources: the gaso-line tank. the motor, and thehaust pipe of the standard car.

But this concern has also madeit respectable to talk and dreamabout the advantages of the bat~tery-powered vehicle.

This talk has become so respect-able, in fact, that even Detroit’sbig automakers have shown someinterest in developing electric carsof their own. Realistically, how-ever, it seems likely ~o be manyyears before Ford or General M~mrs or Chrysler will beginto man-ufaeture their version of an dec°tric ear for mass consumption.These companies have all theirchips--and they are profitablechips--on the gasoline engine.They insist, that, given a "rea-sonable" amounv of time, they canreduce the contaminants fromtheir engines ~o "acceptable"levels.

The attitude of the industryw~summed up in a statement earlythis year by Edward N. Cole. presi-dent of General Motors. Sai~ Cole:"With our current technology wehave found no way to satisfy thebasic transportation requirementof the average mo~,orist ~dth theelectric vehicle.’"

Further. the au~omakers corrt.end that no one reedty k~~-ows

whether the American publiC--

;SEE

conditioned to tile present com-bustie’,~ engine and all the hooplathat s~rrounds it--would buy thedec~Ac eaz on a grand sere.

T>e ~eeent reports on the pro>poets ~or the electric ear woodsee>~ to have rei~oreed the in-dustry in its reluctance to pressforward in the invention of aketabie electric ear for Ml-timefa~y use.

O>e of these is a February,19~7. report prepared by theea~ of Power of the Feder~ PowerCo~>:~ssion for the Senate Com-merce Com~ttee. The other is anOct~,ber, 1967, repo~preparedbythe-Panel on Eleet~e~ly Pow-ered Ve~eles" for members of thePro ~:. dent’ s Cabinet and theme> <,f the Atomic Energy Com-misshen and the ~C.

WL:.te the ~C report wo~d ap-pear :,o have been written by anopth:’f.st and the sped~ panel’srepe:’v by a pessi~st, their gen-era :onciusions are similar.T>~: FPC said: "Satisfactory

tee}~>~>~ogy for sho~ ~stanee elee-trh ~,_~2 powered vehicles is avai>able ;oday. ~Ie eleet~e aut~mob~ es are still ~o li~tedin eap-abilhtv and would be p~eed toohigh for common use, short di~tance vehicles using the best innew e] eet~e storage batteries, m~tars, controllers and chargerseo~0 become praetie~ inthe near~ture. As research on ~1 elee-t~c vel~de components continuesand the ~leage range e~ands,it may become eeono~e~ly fea~ible t:o introduce an eve>increas-ing va~ety of short ~stanee dee-t~c vehicles. These wo~d includeeom~uter ears, delivery vans,sehoo! buses, commuter buses,se~ice t~eks and possibly tax>cabs."

The aanel s~d: "The state oftechnology does not permit theeurr~nt development of an econ-omicMly feasible electric ear ex-cept %r speeiM-pu~ose, limite&range use."

Meanwhile, a handM of batterym~ers and independent manu-facturc:-s have been striving toShow that these reports are b~hind :he times. One of them ist~be~ R. Aronson, president ofElect:% Fuel Prop~sion Inc., ofFern0 ~ e,Aronson d~ms that ~s firm,

usina a 30 kilowatt leadmoba]~batt~r,~, has powered a m~ifiedRenau~v (originally designed, ofeou~e, %r a gasoline en~ne) atspeed~ o~ up to 70 m~es an hour

w%h a range of between 70 arid120 miles between recbargings.Now, Aronson says, his firm isdesigNng an electric ear from theground up that will go as fast as100 nNes an hour and have arange of 300 miles between r~charNngs.

The nation’s two largest manu-facturers of electNeM appliancesand equipment, Westinghouse andGeneral Electric, have bothbrought forth electric ears, butneither has ahnouneed plans forlarg~seNe production.

GE, in introducing anmeritS" vehicle with a top speedof 55 ~les an hour and a rangeof 100 to 120 miles, emphasizedthat it had "no plans for man-ufaetufing or marketing electricautomob~es."

Westinghouse has manufactur-ed for s~e a few of its vehicles,cMled the Marketeer I." it has atop speed of 25 ~les an hourand a range of 50 miles. Thep~ceis about $2,500. Recently, how-ever, the company announced itwas suspending production of thevehicle until the FederN govern-ment issues safety requirementsfor ~1 elect~c cars.

ELECTRIC CAR ADVOCATES

The electric car has anumberofchampions on Capitol Hill. Theyhave individually Or with severalco-sponsors introduced a varietyof bills to authorize Federal re-search programs to be undertaken

Sen. Magnuson tests a battery-poweredscooter on a Washington, D.C. street.These three-whee!ed items are oftenused around industrial insta!lations andfactories.

by three major gover;~ment de~partme~ts-- Ft a nsportat.ion:HeaJth. Educat%n and Welfares;and Housing and Ur~an Develop-menL

Two of the iea~ng advocatesare Senators Warren (~. Ma.gnnsonof Washington and Edmund Musk-ie of Maine. Both are deeply in-terested in transportation andpollution problems, both are influ-enti~, and neither comes from astate known for producing cars,steel, or oil.

Both have introduced le~slationthat woMd have the governmentprobe more deeply into methodsof transportation that woMd pol-lute the atmosphere less than theinternM combustion en~ne. Thisle~slation has not gotten very far,however, and more than one Cap-itol Hill obse~er has suggestedthat the simple reason is that theautomotive industry is the road-block to such legislation.

In the opiNon of RNph Nader,the safety crusader, the industry~has such a vested interest in theexisting technolo~ oftheinternNeombutsion en~ne that nothingbeyond glacier-like movementscan be expected of its manag~

And eolumNst James J. ~-pat~ek s~d that "the last tNngthey (the automobile, petroleumand ehemie~ industNes) want tosee right now is-a feder~ly spon-sored program of research anddevelopment in the field of elee-

(Continued on Page 20)

Sen. Muskie ,*,as obviously pleased byhis ride on this battery-powered motor-cyc!e. The battery ~fseff can be seen iustbelow his right knee.

AUGUc-T. i968 9

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TENNESSEE

refrigerator-freezers

MORE FEET TO THE INCH.Enjoy extra space inside in the same width as your present refrigerator.

21.4 cu. ft. of food storage...only 33" wide.Available with automatic icemaker.Rolls out on wheels.Adjustable cantilever shelves.Butter spread control.Convertible meat conditioner.Covered butter and cheese bins.New P.V.C. door liners.

24 cu. ft. of food storage...less than 36" wide.

This model offers the same featuresas the model above.

The 314.6 pound freezer never needsdefrosting. Keeps the contents free

from frost, too.

Louisville. Kentucky 40225

... first with the features women want most.

AUGUS"r,, ~96,8 23

NE.WI From Mutual of Omaha for readers of The Tennessee Ma

Three II way protectionthat cover---- yo---u and OUT of the hos

PLUS UP TO

$500.00for doctor calls

Doctor Calls-Pays up to $500.00 on ascheduled basis for doctor calls at theoffice, in the hospital, or at home. In-cludes liberal surgical schedule. Paysboth doctor calls and surgical benefitsfor the same sickness or accident! Doc-tor call benefits are payable up to thedate of the operation...thereafterSurgical benefits are payable. Coversthe whole family!

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Mutudl

Life Insurance Affiliate: United of Omaha

Home Office: Omaha, Nebraska

NOW PAYS YOU UP TO

$1,000.00a month

for regular living expenses

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Mutual of OmahaOmaha, Nebraska 68131

[] Please send facts [] Also send FREE in-about "Three-way" formation about fine,protection plans that are modern low-cost life in-available in my state, to- surance programs avail-gerber with my copy of able to my family fromfree book United of Omaha.

Oept. 908

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about new "Extra Secu-rity" hospital incomeplans now available in mystate.

A ddres~

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