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Transcript of Day2 Pres4 AIM AK MultipleApplications Example 2019€¦ · $ssolfdwlrqv ri $,0 wr 503 dqg...
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Applications of AIM to RMP and ReclamationEffectiveness Monitoring
Open File Report #169
Developing Quantifiable Management Objectives from Reference Conditions for Wadeable Streams in the Eastern Interior Field Office
Matt Varner, Colin Brady, Jason Post, Nicole Cappuccio and Scott Miller
BLM –
AIMApplication Reporting Unit Policy
National inventories National public lands /States FLPMA (201a); PRIA (1901b1 and 1903a)
Resource Management Plan effectiveness
RMP Area (often Field Office) or subsets (e.g., sage grouse habitat in FO)
FLPMA; Land Use Planning Handbook; IM 2016-139; RMP’s + amendments
Species of management concern
Watershed or groups of watersheds
Biological opinions, RMP amendments, ESA
Land Health Assessments Grazing Allotment, Watershed, Group of Allotments, Herd Management Areas
43 CFR 4180, Land Health Handbook, State water quality standards
Treatment effectiveness (e.g., restoration or reclamation)
Individual or groups of treatments
Depends on treatment type (e.g., 43 CFR 3809.420)
BLM multi-scale assessment & monitoring needsBLM
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IM
Local-scale monitoring
$
Landscape-scale
monitoring $
• Different monitoring needs often viewed as competing for finite resources – creating either or type decision
BLM multi-scale assessment & monitoring needs
Grazing permit renewal
Restoration / reclamation effectiveness
RMP effectiveness
Range-wide habitat conditions
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AIM
Talk objectives
• Provide examples of how AIM principles applied to address multiple data needs across spatial scales
• Complementary nature of monitoring activities & efficiencies to be gained by coordinating monitoring
• Highlight flexibility in application of the AIM principles
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AIM
Eastern Interior Field Office (EIFO)
Aquatic context:• 6.7 million acres
• > 17,000 km streams
• Steese NCA, White Mtns NRA
• > 1,000 km of Wild and Scenic Rivers
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Eastern Interior Field Office (EIFO)
Aquatic management priorities:• Placer mining• Climate change• Substance harvest• Anadromous fishes• Preserve scenic, scientific and
cultural values
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Monitoring need: RMP effectiveness
• Refine RMP objectives and benchmarks for streams and rivers
• Establish quantitative baseline conditions from which change can be assessed (i.e., trend)
• Assess RMP effectiveness
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Analysis of the mngt. situation
Desired future
conditions
Monitor plan effectiveness
Plan adjustments
Applying AIMdata to planning
Planning: IM 2016-139RMP effectiveness will be determined by the status and trend
of terrestrial and aquatic resources following the AIM strategy
RMP policy driverBLM
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IMDevelop a consistent approach for assessing placer mine reclamation effectiveness
• Develop benchmarks for assessing the success of reclamation actions
• Use monitoring results to adaptively manage reclamation efforts
• Improve stakeholder understanding of conditions needed for functioning aquatic systems
Monitoring need: Reclamation effectiveness
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BLM –
AIMPlacer mining and stream reclamation
• 43 CFR 3809: prevent UUD when developing mineral resources on public lands; rehabilitation of fisheries habitat
following reclamation
• 1989 Fortymile EIS ROD: “…disturbed areas are to be restored to a stable condition in order to provide for the
recovery of fish and wildlife habitat…”
Reclamation policy drivers
BLM –
AIM
1872 mining law• All citizens 18 years or older
have the right to locate a mining claim (lode or placer) on public lands open to mineral entry
• 100s of active placer mining claims on AK BLM land
Alaska Placer MiningBLM
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IM
Alaska Placer MiningMining of alluvial deposits by open pit or other surface
excavation procedures (panning, gold dredge, track excavator)
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Alaska Placer Mining
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AIM
• Reclamation effectiveness
EIFO summary of monitoring needs
Reach-scale monitoring objectives
Field office-scale monitoring objectives
Application of AIM
principles to meet
multiple objectives
• Establish baseline conditions• Refine RMP objectives• Assess condition and trend
related to RMP objectives
BLM –
AIM
Study design – how were sites selected?
• RMP design: Probability-based sample designo Wadeable, perennial streams
and riverso n = 40
• Reclamation effectiveness: Targeted site selectiono Reclaimed streamso n = 10 (to date)
Green: random RMP sample ptsRed: placer mining reclamation pts
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Study design – what was measured?
ChemicalpH
ConductivityTurbidity
PhysicalTemperature
Pool depth and lengthSubstrate particle sizes
Bank angle/stabilityFloodplain connectivity
LWDLongitudinal profile
Surveyed cross-sections
BiologicalMacroinvertebrates
Vegetative complexity
Riparian alterationFish composition 20 x
BFW
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Linking AIM indicators to management objectives
Stream function Stream function indicator
AIM methods/indicator
3 – Geomorphology: transport of sediment and wood to create diverse bed forms and dynamic equilibrium
Sediment transport competency
Slope, hydraulic radius, bed particle sizes
LWD LWD
Bed form diversity Pool frequency, longitudinal profile
Riparian vegetation Riparian veg. type, cover and complexity; bank stability and cover
Study design – what was measured?BLM
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IM
Using AIM data to develop benchmarks for measuring success
Steps:1. Sampled random sites
throughout EIFO to characterize natural environmental variability
2. Screen sites to determine best available condition (i.e., reference)a) Road densityb) Mining claimsc) Trailsd) 303(d) listingse) Etc.
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Reference
BLM –
AIMSteps:
1. Sampled random sites throughout EIFO to characterize natural environmental variability
2. Screen sites to determine which best available condition (i.e., reference)
3. Used the range of variability among reference sites to establish degrees of departure
Using AIM data to develop benchmarks for measuring success
Moderate (5th – 25th percentile)
Minimal (> 25th percentile)
Major departurefrom reference
(< 5th percentile)
Reference
BLM –
AIMSteps:
1. Sampled random sites throughout EIFO to characterize natural environmental variability
2. Screen sites to determine which best available condition (i.e., reference)
3. Used the range of variability among reference sites to establish degrees of departure
Using AIM data to develop benchmarks for measuring success
Minimal departure (> 25th percentile)
Major departure from reference (< 5th percentile)
BLM –
AIM
Reference
Using AIM data to develop benchmarks for measuring success
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Stream bank instability<5 - 10%, depending on stream type, for 90% of
stream km with 90% confidence
Revision of RMP objectivesOriginal RMP objectives developed based on science in the
lower 48, because of scarce AK data, were unrealistic for some indicators given physiographic conditions
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AIM
Example revised RMP benchmarks
Revision of RMP objectivesBLM
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IM
Applications of monitoring data and benchmarks
• Establish quantitative baseline conditions from which change can be assessed (i.e., trend) -completed
• Refine RMP objectives and benchmarks - completed
• Assess RMP effectiveness –sampling to be repeated in 2024
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What is the effectiveness of reclamation?
Moderate
Minimal
Major departurefrom reference
Should an operator’s bond be released and permission granted to develop other claims?
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AIM
What is the effectiveness of reclamation?
Moderate
Minimal
Majordeparturefrom reference
Should an operator’s bond be released and permission granted to develop other claims?
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AIM
What is the effectiveness of reclamation?
Significant alterations to instream habitat, water quality and riparian conditions persist up to 20 years post-reclamation
Major
Moderate
Minimal
Reclaimed n = 14Reference n = 39
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AIM
Demonstration Project: Jack Wade Creek
Adaptive management – used monitoring results, and those of past studies, to show that common approaches to placer mining reclamation not effective. Working to develop and implement
new approaches.
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Demonstration Project: Jack Wade CreekBLM
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IM
Natural channel design reclamation techniques resulted in a more stable channel with better habitat in < 4 yrs.
Pre-reclamation 2 yrs. Post-reclamation
Demonstration Project: Jack Wade Creek
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Conclusions
• Many monitoring objectives not mutually exclusive, but rather complementary – data can be used across scales
• Efficiencies can be gained by approaching FO monitoring needs comprehensively, across programso Benefits of standardized indicators and methodso Standardized methods + appropriate survey designs =
collect once and use multiple times
• Application of AIM principles is flexible and driven by management and monitoring objectiveso High flexibility: survey design, addition of
supplemental indicatorso Low flexibility: changing of core methods, electronic
data collection and management
Project contacts:
Matt Varner ([email protected])
Scott Miller([email protected])