Day Lecture 2 Notes Date Sedimentary Rocks
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Day Lecture 2 Notes Date
Sedimentary Rocks - rocks that are the result of the processes of weathering and erosion. - account for 75% of the rocks exposed at Earth's surface
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Sedimentary rock comes from fragments of other rocks that have been weathered, eroded, deposited, compacted, and cemented
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- can be formed from metamorphic, igneous or other sedimentary rocks
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- account for 75% of the rocks exposed at Earth's surface
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Three types of sedimentary rocks
1. Clastic Sedimentary Rock - sedimentary rocks that have been formed from the fragments - clastic comes from the Greek word klastos which means "broken”.
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- Conglomerate rocks are made of large rock pieces that have been cemented together.
* When looking at this rock type, you can easily see the parts that it has been made of.
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- Sandstone rocks are made of fine sand grains
* sand has been cemented together. Rubbing the surface of sandstone rocks may result in small grains of sand being rubbed off of the rock.
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-Shale is made up of very fine grains of clay
*The texture of shale is very smooth to the touch and can be broken with your hands
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2. Nonclastic Sedimentary Rock
- is sedimentary rocks resulting from chemical deposits.
- can be rock that formed when water evaporated and left behind minerals.
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- Halite or Rock Salt is a rock that forms as water evaporates leaving the crystals to form a solid
*Stalagmites and Stalactites form as mineral rich water runs off or runs onto them
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3. Organic Sedimentary Rocks - formed from the life processes of living organisms or the remains of the organisms.
- Limestone that is formed from the shells of clams and other organisms is organic
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- Coal is made from plants that died in swampsmillions of years ago.
* Coal therefore is another example of organic rocks.
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