David&Lalman,&OklahomaState&University& June16,2016 · David&Lalman,&OklahomaState&University&...
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David Lalman, Oklahoma State University June 16, 2016
BIF 2016 General Session II 1
David Lalman, Damona Doye, Megan Rolf, Mike Brown, Corbit Bayliff, Miles Redden, Adam McGee, Courtney Spencer
What we do and opportuni/es for 2036
Produce cattle with tremendous capacity for post-‐weaning growth and carcass weight
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Finished caHle weights increasing at rate of 9.4 lb per year Carcass weights increasing at rate of 5.7 lb per year
Livestock MarkeQng InformaQon Center, 2016
Produce cattle with tremendous capacity for marbling
David Lalman, Oklahoma State University June 16, 2016
BIF 2016 General Session II 2
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Livestock MarkeQng InformaQon Center, 2016
Cutability has declined marginally
Yield Grade 1995 2015
1 12.6 6.7
2 45.3 33.8
3 34.2 46.7
4 7.1 11.1
5 0.8 1.8
Livestock MarkeQng InformaQon Center, 2016
! Kansas: Kansas Farm Management Association (KFMA) Kevin Herbel
! North Dakota: Cow Herd Appraisal Performance Software (CHAPS) Dr. Kris Ringwall
! New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas: Standardized Performance Analysis (SPA) Dr. Stan Bevers
! Upper Midwest (FINBIN), Center for Farm Financial Management, University of Minnesota
David Lalman, Oklahoma State University June 16, 2016
BIF 2016 General Session II 3
y = 5.25x + 44.5 y = 5.0x + 57.2
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Calf Price Cost per
Standardized Performance Analysis, Dr. Stan Bevers, Texas A&M
Pendell et al., 2015 (KFMA data) ! 79 operaQons with data from 2010 through 2014 ! High profit 1/3 averaged $415 more net return per cow compared to low profit 1/3
! 32.2% difference due to gross income ▪ Weaning weight ▪ Weaning rate ▪ Calf price ▪ Cull cow income
! 67.8% difference due to reduced cost
Pendell et al., 2015 (KFMA data) ! 1 lb of added weaning weight = $0.86 added cost per cow
! If weaning rate = 86%, average cost per lb of added weaning weight = $1.00
! 234 weekly sale reports (2010 – 2014) from Oklahoma NaQonal Stockyards for 550 to 650 lb calves indicated average value of added weight = $85.90 ± 33.20
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SPA KFMA* CHAPS FINBIN
Item Upper Midwest
(FINBIN) Southern Plains
(SPA) Average
Pregnancy 96.1 90.5 95.6
Pregnancy loss 2.2 3.0 2.6
Calf death loss 6.0 4.1 5.1
Weaning rate 87.9 83.4 85.7
*Five-‐year average from 2009 through 2013
David Lalman, Oklahoma State University June 16, 2016
BIF 2016 General Session II 4
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SPA KFMA CHAPS FINBIN
*Angus = adjusted weights for bull calves
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SPA KFMA CHAPS Angus* FINBIN Linear (Angus*)
*Angus = adjusted weights for bull calves
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Wea
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Weigh
t (lb)
Southwest Minnesota
David Lalman, Oklahoma State University June 16, 2016
BIF 2016 General Session II 5
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0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75
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Hay production/use per cow is increasing at the rate of 66 lb per year
Photo Courtesy of Oklahoma State University
Diet Fed, lb (DM) / d
Kcal NEm·∙ (kg BW0.75)-‐1
·∙ hd -‐1·∙ d -‐1 % NRC
17.6 118 67
21.8 138 82
26.0 154 96
29.3 172 107
31.7 187 112
P < 0.006 Y = 0.019x – 2.85
Energy required for maternal maintenance plus milk
David Lalman, Oklahoma State University June 16, 2016
BIF 2016 General Session II 6
P < 0.002 Y = 6.7x + 137
Milk producQon at maternal maintenance (10.5 kg)
+1.1 lb/d (DM) cow feed = 1 lb/d additional milk yield
P < 0.02 Y = 0.28x + 119
+27 lb/d (DM) cow feed = 1 lb/d addi/onal calf gain
! Commercial cow/calf segment has contributed immensely to dramaQc improvement in post-‐weaning performance
! In the meanQme, there is no evidence that commercial cow efficiency has improved in a “sell at weaning” context
! More data is needed to determine if geneQc capacity for weaning weight is limited by the environment on commercial operaQons (do indexes need to be adjusted?)
! More milk is not the answer ! Over the next 20 years, the commercial cow/calf segment should shio focus more toward minimizing cost rather than increasing producQon ! Forage uQlizaQon efficiency ! Improvement in ferQlity (especially in the South) ! Reduced calf death loss (especially in the North)
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DMI E
PD
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DMI E
PD
David Lalman, Oklahoma State University June 16, 2016
BIF 2016 General Session II 7
Brown et al., 2005
Increasing risk/frequency of cases where: a) forage resources limit the
expression of geneQc potenQal for milk
b) producQon costs have increased
because the “environment” has been arQficially modified to fit the cows
The Sustained Cow Fertility (SCF) results, reported in percentage units, are oriented such that larger breeding values reflect sires whose daughters calve annually for more years.