POSSIBLE IPTF/K2 SYNERGIES

David R. Ciardi NExScI/IPAC/Caltech2014 August 29

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Comparison: K2 & iPTFKepler/K2 iPTF

Telescope 1m Schmidt 1m Schmidt

Field of View 10o x 10o (100 sq. degrees) 3.5o x 2.3o (7.26 sq. degrees)

Postage stamps Full frames

Pixel Scale 4”/pixel 1.01”/pixel

Observing Cadence

30 minutes for most targets1 minute for ~10% targets

60 seconds integration time but flexible. Sampling flexible but typical experiments have been 90 seconds to 5-days sampling

Field Duration

~70 – 80 days Flexible but generally any one field is available for months depending on declination.

Data availability

Pixel data available a few months after end of campaign

Data available in real time

Orientation Aligned with ecliptic Aligned in equatorial coordinates8/28/2014

318-20 iPTF Pointings

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9 K2 Fields

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PTF Coverage

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Fields With DataField

Observed by Kepler

R.A. Dec. PTF g

PTF r

Dates Observed by PTF

Kepler 2009 - 2014 19:22:40.00 +44:30:00.0 119 50 3/16/11-9/27/12

K2 0 2014 Apr 30 06:33:11.14 +21:35:16.4 17 16 3/28/10-3/26/14

K2 1 2014 Jul 22 11:35:45.51 +01:25:02.3 0 22 5/24/13-3/8/14

K2 2 2014 Oct 14 16:24:30.34 -22:26:50.3 0 2 2/26/10-2/26/10

K2 3 2015 Jan 05 22:26:39.68 -11:05:48.0 0 21 6/26/09-8/28/10

K2 4 2015 Mar 29 03:56:18.22 +18:39:38.1 0 47 8/24/10-2/18/14

K2 5 2015 Jun 20 08:40:37.84 +16:49:46.6 0 69 1/18/09-5/19/14

K2 6 2015 Sep 11 14:01:11.20 -13:16:02.8 0 0 null

K2 7 2015 Dec 03 19:34:16.22 -22:38:23.4 0 19 7/27/11-6/16/13

K2 8 2016 Feb 24 01:04:43.18 +05:11:52.2 0 38 7/8/10-11/2/12

K2 9 2016 May 17 18:23:35.72 -24:12:12.8 0 23 7/3/14-8/15/14

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Fields of InterestField Galactic

Longitude

Galactic Latitude

Notes

Kepler 76 13 Original Kepler FieldK2 0 191 6 Low latitude, anti-centerK2 1 264 58 North Galactic CapK2 2 354 18 Near Galactic Center, rho Oph, U. ScoK2 3 51 -52 South Galactic CapK2 4 172 -25 Pleiades, HyadesK2 5 209 32 M44, M67K2 6 327 46 North Galactic CapK2 7 16 -20 Near Galactic CenterK2 8 129 -57 South Galactic Cap

K2 9 8 -5Galactic Center, Baades Window –

mlens!!All fields at low ecliptic latitude (< 1 degree from ecliptic) – good for solar system!8/28/2014

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K2 Points Behind the Earth

Campaigns start a maximum of 52 days before each date and end no later than 30 days after each date.

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Limited Overlap with PTF Ground Observations

Northern Fields easier to do Most southernly fields (declination ~ -25o)

just barely get above airmass of 2 (Fields 2, 7, 9)

Fields 3 and 6 climb above 2 airmass but not for long (declination ~ -12o)

Amount of time fields are available for simultaneous observations depends upon field but is typically 10 - 30 days at the beginning of a campaign

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K2 Field 2 (declination ~ -22)

Started 22 Aug Because of low

declination, never gets above 2 airmass during the K2 observation window

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Starts early/mid-February

Because of higher declination available with PTF for first 30-40 days depending on exact field start with Kepler

K2 Field 4 (declination ~ +18)

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But All Fields Accessible to PTF

Winter fields most accessible – but they precede the K2 observations.

Otherwise, fields are available about 6 – 7 months after K2 campaign

Good timing for enabling of follow-up

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Identifying Targets for Observing with K2

Hard to do preparatory observations because of time cycle of proposals

Targets for Fields 4 and 5 due now (late September)

Fields 6 and 7 First observable Feb/Mar 2015 Proposals due end of Feb 2015

Fields 8 and 9 First Observable

Field 8: Jun/Jul 2015 Field 9: Apr/May 2015

Proposals due end of July 2015 But Field 9 is special

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Field 9 – mlensing Baades Window

Points ahead of the Earth

Field available from ground throughout the campaign

mlens events observed from Earth and Kepler yields parallaxes

5 sq deg. dedicated to mlens; 15% to other GO targets

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What Does PTF Offer?

Wide-field multi-band photometry High cadence time series photometry Seeing-limited resolution

Pre or Post SED characterization Pre or Post or Simultaneous time series

data complementary to K2 Photometric Deblending of K2 targets

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Clusters

K2 observing about 10 clusters

Need supporting observations to determine Need wide-field of view Deep observations to get to

end of the main sequence Cluster membership (color-

magnitude diagram) Deblending (higher

resolution imaging)

Pleiades Hyades M44 M67 …

To Name a Few

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Moving Objects

K2 Fields are all in the ecliptic! NEOs and asteroids move too much

between discovery, K2 proposal process, and start of K2 observations

Slow moving objects discovered by PTF may stay in field long enough to be remain in K2 Field (e.g., Trojans, KBOs, trans-Neputunian objects)

Colors and rotation periods8/28/2014

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PTF Strengths Quicker time cadence than K2 Multiband, wide-field photometry: deeper and

better resolution than K2 All K2 fields observable with PTF Only northern fields have realistic chance of

simultaneous PTF/K2 observing Except for Field 9 which is the mlensing field

PTF may be good for identification of variable objects worthy of K2 following – if PTF observes the field soon enough (older data?)

PTF is probably better at following up K2 targets discovered to be interesting

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