David H. Bromwich 1,2 and Keith M. Hines 1 1 Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar Research Center

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Arctic IPY (2007-2009): Arctic System Reanalysis. David H. Bromwich 1,2 and Keith M. Hines 1 1 Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar Research Center The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio, USA 2 Atmospheric Sciences Program Department of Geography The Ohio State University - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of David H. Bromwich 1,2 and Keith M. Hines 1 1 Polar Meteorology Group Byrd Polar Research Center

  • The storm of 19 October 2004 as depicted by the NCEP/NCAR global reanalysis. Contours represent isobars of sea level pressure at increments of 3 hPa. [from visualization package of NOAA Climate Diagnostics Center] The Figure shows an intense storm depicted in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis for 19 October 2004. The storm led to flooding of Nome, Alaska, and has a central pressure of 949 hPa in the reanalysis. The actual central pressure deduced by the National Weather Service was as low as 941 hPa. The Need for Improved Atmospheric Reanalyses

  • Arctic System Reanalysis (ASR)an NSF-Funded IPY ProjectRapid climate change is occurring in the Arctic. An integrated picture of coupled atmosphere/land surface/ ocean interactions is needed on synoptic and climatic time scales.

    2. Global reanalyses encounter many problems at high latitudes. The ASR would use the best available description for Arctic processes and would enhance the existing database of Arctic observations. The ASR will be produced at improved temporal resolution and much higher spatial resolution.

    3. The ASR would provide fields for which direct observation are sparse or problematic (precipitation, radiation, cloud, ...) at higher resolution than from existing reanalyses.4. The system-oriented approach provides community focus including the atmosphere, land surface and sea ice communities.5. The ASR will provide a convenient synthesis of Arctic field programs and integrate Pacific region observations.

  • ASR OutlineA physically-consistent integration of Arctic and other Northern Hemisphere dataCurrent Participants:Ohio State University - Byrd Polar Research Center (BPRC) - and Ohio Supercomputer Center (OSC)National Center Atmospheric Research (NCAR)Universities of Colorado, Illinois, and Alaska-Fairbanks High resolution in space (
  • ASR Numerical Model: Polar WRFWeather Research and Forecasting ModelSHEBA 1997/8 GridJanuary 1998 ResultsPolar Optimization at theByrd Polar Research Center:Fractional sea iceSea ice albedoMorrison microphysics (2-moment)Noah LSM modificationsHeat transfer through snow and ice

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    PWRF 2.3 SHEBA

    Barrow, Alaska Observations

    PWRF 2.3 Barrow, Alaska

    SHEBA Observations

    January 1998

    Pressure (hPa)

    Pressure at SHEBA Camp and Barrow January 1998

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    -37.41-36.1133-21.98-36.03259-37.7419

    -36.9933-35.8733-21.37-36.2485-37.92819

    -37.34-36.05-21.13-36.0414-37.3367

    -37.7633-36.19-20.64-35.87129-36.9637

    -37.6867-36.3433-19.94-36.0979-37.0425

    -37.8567-36.5767-19.65-36.39771-37.13989

    -38.3267-37.0433-20.15-36.23351-37.00211

    -38.77-37.0333-21.3-36.3167-37.222

    -38.6433-37.0067-21.28-36.5934-37.4664

    -36.1633-35.2767-21.04-36.77921-37.6431

    -33.85-33.6567-20.37-37.02631-37.7718

    -33.5-33.2567-21.64-36.536-37.3266

    -33.5967-33.2933-25.56-36.5555-37.4016

    -34.0133-33.3733-27.95-36.4734-37.3942

    -34.8433-34.0567-27.93-36.6151-37.5323

    -35.1733-34.27-28.71-35.424-36.4053

    -35.5733-34.4-27.43-35.7524-36.73979

    -35.4967-34.5767-26.08-35.7863-36.7202

    -35.71-34.8567-24.9-35.7513-36.78259

    -35.6233-34.67-24.78-35.91769-36.953

    -35.5833-34.6067-24.97-35.8903-36.9859

    -35.61-34.5833-25.07-35.92371-37.0598

    -35.1067-33.9733-24.2-36.00999-37.2229

    -35.7067-34.2333-23.79-36.3248-37.33

    -35.47-34.2333-23.45-36.5463-37.61459

    -34.43-33.1733-23.15-36.261-37.3243

    -33.6033-32.74-23.29-36.22679-37.2601

    -34.28-32.7667-23.74-36.5175-37.448

    -34.3167-32.87-24.05-36.81129-37.6445

    -34.475-32.905-24.95-36.9398-37.7236

    -35.595-34.165-27.46-37.2784-37.9702

    -35.565-34.19-28.58-37.61211-38.3763

    23.12523.125-27.6-37.7679-38.4617

    23.2523.25-27.31-37.8289-38.4886

    -34.7967-34.23-27.27-37.60091-38.2585

    -35.1467-34.29-27.48-37.258-38.02409

    -35.3367-34.7133-27.68-36.83929-37.6636

    -35.79-35.1433-27.54-36.2776-37.1747

    -35.6-35.34-27.17-35.57249-36.4928

    -36.1767-35.7667-27.16-35.2397-36.38809

    -36.3733-36.0133-27.31-35.0016-35.85069

    -36.2833-35.9267-27.43-34.0233-34.7979

    -36.08-35.8433-27.63-33.5237-34.5228

    -35.6267-35.18-28.42-33.16319-34.3846

    -34.28-33.7167-29.19-32.7632-33.8172

    -33.7867-32.8333-29.18-31.658-32.9218

    -32.7867-32.1367-29.11-30.85989-32.14349

    -32.51-32.0067-29.23-28.6954-28.85229

    -31.8567-31.4867-29.02-27.3365-27.5752

    -32.1733-31.7667-28.85-26.19119-26.46609

    -31.75-31.24-29.49-24.7702-25.19569

    -31.47-31.0667-29.86-23.4561-24.0611

    -30.0233-29.6533-30.22-22.1886-22.92039

    -28.1967-28.1633-30.62-21.35269-22.1422

    -26.02-26.4133-30.85-20.66299-21.4877

    -24.16-24.7567-30.45-22.246-22.7565

    -22.85-23.5133-30.53-21.38-21.981

    -22.3333-22.8267-30.73-20.3438-21.0475

    -22.2333-22.95-30.04-19.2932-20.0842

    -22.5-23.2733-29.71-18.37689-19.3766

    -22.2433-22.9-28.97-18.78149-20.03889

    -21.98-22.59-28.93-18.89169-19.97459

    -22.17-22.7533-28.82-18.62289-19.59419

    -22.0767-22.6467-28.99-20.02809-20.32829

    -21.8233-22.2633-29.05-18.81129-19.23219

    -21.5933-21.8133-29.1-18.3035-18.7627

    -21.09-21.1533-29.62-17.9117-18.36839

    -20.4033-20.53-29.43-17.79539-18.25549

    -19.6933-19.9467-29.46-18.02541-18.4399

    -19.1-19.36-29.38-17.7316-18.1572

    -18.66-18.85-27.72-17.09531-17.5699

    -18.35-18.5367-26.33-20.3214-20.3481

    -18.45-18.6633-25.4-19.24159-19.4453

    -18.19-18.4733-24.07-19.1385-19.33611

    -19.8467-20.38-22.87-19.51379-19.6467

    -21.4533-22.0967-21.82-19.3815-19.54199

    -22.3233-22.9567-21.18-19.18311-19.37599

    -21.6033-22.4-23.26-19.1225-19.3821

    -20.32-21.0033-23.35-19.1554-19.37689

    -19.67-20.0633-24.2-20.0538-20.0304

    -19.0933-19.41-24.91-20.0695-20.05009

    -18.8067-19.2533-23.32-20.4084-20.37

    -19.22-19.67-22.72-21.1765-21.0448

    -19.5-19.9167-23.74-23.21919-23.0822

    -19.8533-20.0533-24.45-26.70399-27.0291

    -19.66-19.85-24.61-28.3217-28.74271

    -20.0167-19.96-24.65-29.2218-29.5974

    -20.37-20.21-24.16-31.4539-31.72209

    -21.875-20.855-23.49-31.6534-31.9146

    30.2530.25-23.04-31.73109-32.05251

    30.37530.375-22.83-31.1394-30.9973

    30.530.5-22.73-29.51689-29.1629

    30.62530.625-21.81-29.6985-30.1149

    30.7530.75-21.76-28.7677-28.4104

    30.87530.875-22.96-26.9698-26.4389

    3131-23.32-25.99409-25.6944

    31.12531.125-22.57

    31.2531.25-22.45

    31.37531.375-22.63

    31.531.5-22.8

    31.62531.625-22.97

    31.7531.75-23.38

    31.87531.875-24.04

    3232-25.17

    32.12532.125-26.31

    32.2532.25-27.92

    32.37532.375-29.52

    32.532.5-30.74

    32.62532.625-31.17

    32.7532.75-31.46

    32.87532.875-31.73

    -31.52

    -31.4

    -31.16

    -31.52

    -31.85

    -32.3

    -32.59

    -32.42

    -32.94

    -32.17

    -32.16

    -32.09

    -31.46

    -30.98

    -30.55

    -30.44

    -31.3

    -31.43

    -31.53

    -31.73

    -32.13

    -31.92

    -31.85

    12.9583

    13

    -31.89

    -31.34

    -30.41

    -30.45

    -30.78

    -31.03

    -30.96

    -30.8

    -30.64

    -29.86

    -29.42

    -29.45

    -30.1

    -30.75

    -31.67

    -31.53

    -32.18

    -32.62

    -32.95

    -33.37

    -33.63

    -33.94

    -34.29

    -34.3

    -34.31

    -34.4

    -34.33

    -34.32

    -34.5

    -34.51

    -34.47

    -34.35

    -34.27

    -34.07

    -34.17

    -34.34

    -34.33

    -34.46

    -34.49

    -34.59

    -34.59

    -34

    -33.96

    -33.82

    -33.77

    -33.47

    -32.89

    15

    -32.75

    -32.64

    -33.07

    -33.35

    -33.66

    -34.15

    -34.67

    -35.02

    -35.31

    -35.59

    -35.84

    -35.95

    -36.06

    -36.13

    -36.28

    -36.43

    -36.62

    -37.03

    -36.94

    -37.28

    -37.18

    -37.43

    -37.31

    -36.98

    -36.39

    -36.03

    -36.13

    -36.06

    -36.32

    -36.22

    -35.78

    -35.41

    -35.79

    -36.17

    -36.34

    -36.55

    -36.59

    -36.84

    -36.71

    -36.87

    -37.03

    -36.91

    -36.76

    -36.72

    -36.96

    -37.19

    -37.05

    -36.91

    -36.76

    -36.41

    -36.19

    -36.18

    -36.17

    -36.39

    -36.43

    -36.32

    -36.4

    -36.28

    -36.08

    -35.85

    -35.73

    -35.7

    -35.92

    -35.84

    -35.87

    -35.81

    -35.53

    -35.62

    -35.62

    -35.9

    -36.22

    -36.03

    -35.96

    -36.24

    -36.09

    -36.54

    -36.37

    -35.99

    -35.74

    -35.74

    -36.1

    -36.5

    -36.72

    -36.15

    -35.95

    -36.09

    -35.49

    -35.14

    -35.23

    -35.71

    18.7917

    -35.77

    -35.28

    -34.97

    -34.94

    -34.91

    -35.05

    -35.08

    -35.22

    -34.96

    -35.03

    -35.06

    -34.9

    -35.08

    -34.99

    -34.84

    -34.81

    -34.97

    -34.57

    -34.95

    -35.17

    -35.28

    -35.04

    -34.92

    -35.12

    -35.61

    -35.3

    -35.56

    -35.44

    -35.42

    -35.14

    -35.34

    -35.76

    -35.4

    -35.74

    -34.42

    -34.07

    -34.02

    -33.28

    -33.26

    -33.26

    -33.07

    -32.86

    -32.8

    -33.34

    -33.09

    -32.73

    -32.88

    20.7917

    20.8333

    20.875

    20.9167

    20.9583

    21

    -33.98

    -34.13

    -34

    -34.01

    -34.06

    -34.04

    -34.28

    -34.31

    -34.4

    -34.3

    -34.01

    -34.1

    -34.34

    -34.19

    -34.08

    -33.99

    -33.83

    -33.89

    -33.75

    -33.38

    -33.23

    -33.26

    -33.21

    -33.14

    -33.04

    -32.94

    -32.79

    -32.65

    -32.2

    -32.36

    -32.44

    -31.95

    -32.48

    -32.18

    -31.78

    -32.13

    -32.17

    -32.3

    -32.05

    -31.62

    -31.62

    -31.8

    22.7917

    22.8333

    -32.22

    -32.36

    -32.24

    -32.69

    23.0417

    23.0833

    23.125

    23.1667

    23.2083

    23.25

    23.2917

    -33.91

    -33.54

    -33.46

    -33.78

    -33.62

    -33.81

    -34.14

    -34.35

    -34.5

    -34.71

    -34.76

    -34.86

    -34.97

    -35.09

    -35.22

    -35.39

    -35.59

    -35.58

    -35.64

    -35.79

    -35.83

    -35.77

    -35.69

    -35.62

    -35.67

    -35.64

    -35.54

    -35.41

    -34.99

    -34.31

    -33.74

    -33.53

    -33.1

    -32.92

    -32.4

    -32.37

    -32.16

    -31.82

    -31.64

    -31.61

    -31.7

    -32

    -31.19

    -31.19

    -31.52

    -31.61

    -31.54

    -31.58

    -31.53

    -31.01

    -30.51

    -31.1

    -31.05

    -30.55

    -29.98

    -29.59

    -29

    -28.59

    -28.21

    -27.41

    -26.91

    -26.49

    -25.73

    -25.35

    -24.74

    -24.17

    -23.84

    -23.46

    -23.24

    -22.92

    -22.73

    -22.81

    -22.79

    -22.94

    -23.16

    -23.26

    -23.27

    -23.33

    -23.06

    -22.86

    -22.83

    -22.72

    -22.6

    -22.48

    -22.66

    -22.82

    -22.81

    -22.8

    -22.65

    -22.58

    -22.45

    -22.27

    -22.09

    -21.92

    -21.82

    -21.63

    -21.37

    -21.12

    -20.86

    -20.65

    -20.52

    -20.33

    -20.13

    -19.91

    -19.75

    -19.51

    -19.35

    -19.17

    -19

    -18.89

    -18.63

    -18.43

    -18.55

    -18.65

    -18.79

    -18.71

    -18.53

    -18.29

    -18.24

    -18.99

    -19.58

    -20.54

    -21.21

    -21.53

    -22.32

    -22.65

    -22.77

    -23.18

    -23.1

    -22.98

    -22.56

    -21.9

    -21.39

    -21.11

    -20.79

    -20.38

    -20.04

    -19.91

    -19.76

    -19.41

    -19.18

    -19.12

    -19.27

    -19.49

    -19.57

    -19.8

    -19.78

    -19.89

    -19.98

    -20.03

    -20.14

    -20.1

    -19.95

    -19.93

    -19.84

    -19.76

    -19.72

    -19.9

    -20.04

    -20.09

    -20.12

    -20.23

    -20.53

    -20.82

    30.1667

    30.2083

    30.25

    30.2917

    30.3333

    30.375

    30.4167

    30.4583

    30.5

    30.5417

    30.5833

    30.625

    30.6667

    30.7083

    30.75

    30.7917

    30.8333

    30.875

    30.9167

    30.9583

    31

    31.0417

    31.0833

    31.125

    31.1667

    31.2083

    31.25

    31.2917

    31.3333

    31.375

    31.4167

    31.4583

    31.5

    31.5417

    31.5833

    31.625

    31.6667

    31.7083

    31.75

    31.7917

    31.8333

    31.875

    31.9167

    31.9583

    32

    32.0417

    Observed Surface Temperature

    Observed 2.5 m Temperature

    Observed 10 m

    PWRF 2.3 2.0 m Temperature

    PWRF 2.3 Skin Temperature

    Observed at Barrow

    PWRF 2.3 at Barrow

    January 1998

    Temperature (C)

    Temperature at SHEBA Camp January 1998

    Chart3

    02.60315174.99935

    0.1252.7498183.68439

    0.252.57711185.08555

    0.3752.81351245.44404

    0.52.8309142.65285

    0.6253.0064101.93307

    0.753.47067111.43401

    0.8753.7482862.03024

    14.33036103.86085

    1.1254.54802166.13177

    1.255.37559307.00131

    1.3755.87739173.92882

    1.55.7624483.30642

    1.6254.9881972.62776

    1.755.0335283.81388

    1.8755.42679176.67981

    26.16163206.76015

    2.1256.38646186.23231

    6.486.08807177.88302

    7.02676.23791179.08704

    7.61676.22019197.96055

    8.02335.59098226.93738

    7.37335.64907196.73681

    7.866.11634187.2092

    8.25.19235254.96043

    7.845.8496131.81741

    7.38335.6761191.89266

    7.83336.36446151.64338

    6.61335.76699184.89875

    6.54675.7214144.25394

    7.51335.23966124.69748

    7.934.8364

    6.54333.79293

    6.973.65371

    6.722.25688

    6.53332.66738

    6.13671.89221

    5.640.65384

    7.06331.00627

    7.63331.54994

    7.73671.06917

    5.91331.92122

    4.43331.82446

    3.612.18291

    3.79671.71262

    3.40671.75365

    2.46331.46663

    2.39670.79179

    2.52332.20468

    2.22332.44363

    2.522.13783

    2.48671.85167

    1.31672.01618

    1.422.40698

    1.612.15596

    1.441.66762

    1.88672.00624

    1.7751.65203

    1.67331.20595

    2.492.13435

    3.361.50243

    2.632.26206

    1.87672.09455

    3.58332.10723

    3.24330.81507

    2.50331.25907

    1.6551.23304

    1.851.45339

    2.50671.59963

    2.78672.41068

    1.37672.60757

    0.34332.62772

    0.894.34912

    2.57674.88759

    3.50675.41803

    5.16675.30011

    4.965.70473

    5.136.37117

    5.33336.77263

    6.06676.66771

    5.94676.05287

    6.99675.17224

    6.71334.6691

    4.784.57636

    4.3053.97329

    3.99333.75233

    3.423.64804

    6.993.10477

    6.96332.8844

    5.92.76958

    5.022.64484

    4.18332.88104

    3.63.25612

    3.80333.65899

    2.54.25428

    2.10674.44334

    2.94.94937

    2.44335.02568

    2.79334.76568

    3.39674.10796

    4.76334.6313

    4.87674.06143

    4.78674.01458

    5.014.70237

    5.153.62731

    5.733.75891

    5.30673.13077

    5.55333.0267

    5.32333.50044

    4.59673.22955

    3.983.08447

    3.433.36734

    3.80672.85199

    3.182.90032

    3.213.05609

    3.29673.28068

    3.11333.32647

    2.93673.709

    3.13.86027

    3.2553.9493

    3.574.58978

    3.70334.33175

    3.57334.98797

    3.78675.22814

    3.18676.00469

    3.50335.97689

    3.646.9424

    4.32336.70679

    4.95335.46919

    5.41675.81605

    5.476.07318

    5.625.23134

    5.53675.32138

    5.96335.40593

    5.675.07053

    6.094.37384

    5.06673.54361

    5.33333.54522

    5.15673.22616

    5.233.59644

    5.22333.53274

    5.22673.61845

    4.84673.76727

    4.35333.79274

    3.67672.86981

    3.60673.25252

    3.86673.10511

    3.23672.89386

    3.55673.03597

    3.393.23475

    3.252.67242

    3.2953.26975

    3.592.77428

    3.71673.09158

    3.84673.15088

    3.573.28488

    2.81673.35815

    2.783.43597

    2.923.97629

    3.86334.46694

    2.93674.30314

    2.784.27218

    3.733.91843

    4.26333.59636

    3.47673.54873

    3.673.24612

    3.55333.39718

    4.23673.54923

    4.264.14589

    21.1253.91257

    21.254.54451

    4.274.1896

    4.00674.18425

    3.884.22021

    3.0954.23076

    3.224.08225

    2.834.07907

    22.1253.77736

    22.254.17871

    22.3754.25222

    22.54.10325

    22.6254.3621

    22.754.69963

    22.8755.10354

    235.53626

    23.1255.70524

    23.256.27995

    2.816.41489

    3.13336.39808

    3.7956.64816

    23.756.85743

    23.8756.76476

    5.886.73027

    5.80336.84468

    6.346.96443

    6.247.28633

    6.30337.52278

    6.79677.97596

    6.95338.37403

    7.13338.6779

    7.079.64096

    25.12510.02736

    25.2510.54128

    25.37511.31964

    25.511.89964

    25.62511.44444

    25.7511.58539

    25.87511.98633

    14.189.86869

    26.12510.05038

    26.259.94964

    26.3759.08371

    14.257.55644

    13.61675.66898

    13.63334.7835

    13.33674.38394

    12.19339.32966

    10.899.83725

    9.2510.17896

    8.703310.43915

    8.5611.2303

    9.063311.51018

    9.606711.711

    10.056711.83934

    10.91338.2766

    10.77338.5185

    10.62677.46778

    11.896.36954

    11.465.56542

    11.48334.23828

    11.42332.28464

    11.10672.62704

    9.54672.69257

    9.41673.38377

    9.16335.03427

    9.14676.16008

    8.52676.42639

    5.73675.62365

    4.26675.78892

    1.98675.66301

    2.67333.97404

    4.494.22045

    30.254.08972

    30.3754.7327

    30.55.28023

    30.6255.39514

    30.756.69024

    30.8757.81284

    317.89354

    31.125

    31.25

    31.375

    31.5

    31.625

    31.75

    31.875

    32

    32.125

    32.25

    32.375

    32.5

    32.625

    32.75

    32.875

    SHEBA Observations

    PWRF 2.3

    Barrow, Alaska Observations

    PWRF 2.3 at Barrow

    January 1998

    Wind Speed (m/s)

    10 m Wind Speed At Sheba Camp January 1998

    Chart4

    082.02236258.05704

    0.12582.31643281.14496

    0.2574.76158301.31894

    0.37570.40141318.00507

    0.569.49816321.45679

    0.62563.02588313.43536

    0.7554.62504314.51865

    0.87548.99517300.83539

    125.70335300.05927

    1.1257.86555284.46048

    1.25357.21957283.91583

    1.375339.08957288.18317

    1.5311.10913298.51752

    1.625290.05389293.19281

    1.75275.05603291.31467

    1.875261.09106290.38245

    2270.01068285.15961

    2.125276.94235286.15387

    280277.74347282.5531

    279.3333275.77756279.09656

    289.6667274.41431280.42288

    301.3333272.35974280.04404

    292.3333262.46652276.76419

    295.6667265.85956269.64502

    302272.24219270.53848

    298.6667265.51221264.80701

    297.3333265.21967264.55795

    300.3333267.6015265.67706

    303.6667266.44147263.05038

    286266.16986262.29666

    283.3333267.39029265.65884

    285.3333267.07806263.82999

    302.6667271.13879270.74112

    308.6667268.33676269.17563

    304.6667274.18097270.11145

    301.3333278.62985261.9527

    292.6667281.60727302.44785

    287.6667288.8829333.40076

    281.6667302.3089296.14841

    283.6667310.6315924.20936

    297.3333333.4267380.0847

    305.66679.26479109.07567

    30857.93062126.75265

    307.333351.66821130.69319

    31485.8901145.81897

    226.666770.27316131.88564

    53.666773.30415159.45131

    71.666783.42215263.71875

    99.666723.21318287.00632

    133.333310.08223303.57388

    14820.62541315.02942

    160.333311.71456295.15442

    188349.86908297.68433

    255.3333339.03955331.84109

    279.6667354.3776216.07455

    29029.62834339.62479

    311.666754.36572351.02356

    312.560.3710636.17273

    304.666745.382736.20801

    278.333362.0772736.39451

    280.6667106.2550234.955

    241.333392.8311213.06364

    52.333385.9191619.59027

    7186.8323723.54631

    77.333368.67274351.05988

    73.666772.7070210.26165

    6663.9291338.70097

    4468.6251246.39798

    50.333355.3761640.84111

    54.333353.4313451.24786

    17.333355.2508850.54645

    176.333353.866250.30248

    12044.8663747.69457

    10146.1448645.71428

    97.333340.7313348.33015

    112.666741.7860448.23054

    10852.0988747.26857

    97.666755.7658844.49767

    93.333355.7006845.59699

    8858.3708646.89088

    9468.9826845.02193

    76.666774.755244.21552

    7376.7028946.19618

    7376.2798541.30607

    6476.7612744.48423

    61.333380.6950842.53888

    6580.4542342.65351

    72.581.8162644.02995

    76.333373.6600326.71335

    8374.4611720.82693

    9373.8169712.34119

    89.666768.56223349.38528

    84.666763.26112346.97757

    57.666758.59676348.26526

    3753.77479358.68619

    3942.72409357.28635

    39.530.196842.35031

    32.333326.846682.61818

    298.333330.993036.28709

    237.666730.29932.28827

    15.333329.06869358.57901

    23.333327.264750.23586

    16.666726.57049357.22659

    425.36676355.93588

    35828.470893.12145

    9.333329.461986.1044

    625.8478617.08969

    1819.0172358.87738

    16.333318.5300916.57156

    1233.1609326.96423

    21.666740.2220227.58276

    1130.0920643.07194

    7.333340.0231953.67796

    11.666736.6309553.95868

    1552.7877762.8903

    33.666756.5672661.79818

    35.333370.2134655.13444

    48.666763.5545954.08328

    62.333361.9510351.96733

    68.557.0176244.91879

    8854.7669347.36141

    82.333354.2417151.8055

    8656.3950440.24115

    9956.5741240.89164

    9852.844138.33338

    90.333355.8534931.72577

    83.555.7476736.18549

    7856.3299641.76086

    6960.6779641.30823

    65.666758.3088736.78392

    62.666757.5724938.60051

    6558.312533.31723

    68.666756.0386730.63015

    73.333354.5591430.34601

    69.666752.885532.76099

    6653.4958528.22268

    49.333353.0068217.53329

    48.666750.882474.06444

    51.333351.92857346.98471

    49.666752.79795351.34613

    5348.87724347.73761

    46.666748.46655347.50092

    44.666748.120853.09909

    38.333347.2349414.03449

    2757.4676410.33443

    121.333354.3791815.87143

    4.333354.4450921.09647

    230.666760.5057624.59379

    350.666761.098820.47192

    178.333358.8644218.21736

    35758.0344412.65392

    350.559.413872.08432

    4.666758.0094221.38136

    8.333356.900176.91816

    8.666756.585954.76413

    1455.025928.63048

    1352.720515.06212

    11.666752.519524.84593

    1654.8528630.18565

    20.666752.7841536.07906

    15.666759.0597640.59097

    2060.3830139.43472

    34.666759.1495740.92132

    49.333358.649836.00836

    4562.1336741.60734

    44.333362.2797838.00322

    44.333357.7525937.70612

    49.666757.8864141.25946

    4560.5033452.68767

    21.12561.3276451.84814

    21.2561.1810844.94931

    5461.6129252.82947

    5662.0023852.34155

    5162.2639251.70689

    5360.8921949.88548

    5661.1609454.43993

    5359.5360447.67546

    22.12556.5336344.13705

    22.2552.8475639.11345

    22.37554.0843838.37742

    22.552.5681337.45544

    22.62549.7878437.28729

    22.7547.4092441.01773

    22.87546.0490542.33512

    2343.7181642.85224

    23.12537.8422242.59933

    23.2536.9891543.74296

    27.333340.9218245.6249

    3538.0096547.17318

    3439.8697546.69299

    23.7537.7924746.13765

    23.87539.5763844.63905

    53.535.7428643.62585

    51.666739.1109339.23197

    5542.4857541.40357

    54.666746.1110843.75169

    53.666749.1179247.72263

    52.333350.6247547.31024

    54.666750.1580148.92808

    54.666754.3057150.72516

    5161.9656853.60602

    25.12566.2567157.3658

    25.2563.9041960.90476

    25.37570.7917560.39054

    25.582.8098965.84116

    25.62598.1204473.70226

    25.75103.9965777.42097

    25.875130.3422780.36455

    7189.0721387.25466

    26.125180.4732291.61014

    26.25146.5874594.55361

    26.375192.27617101.98606

    98202.16467118.83549

    99.6667272.31979125.33395

    103.6667316.55731121.28873

    109118.53564106.85593

    113.3333122.87654104.72638

    115.3333122.99926107.46474

    117.6667122.31717109.58303

    115.3333120.19561108.14388

    118119.91416107.22526

    117.3333121.07841108.74986

    118120.82275110.2307

    121.6667121.71185111.51543

    12625.93412108.99914

    125.33337.72561110.49603

    123.666717.28823108.23347

    124.3333358.65665108.61807

    122.6667354.1539104.04101

    123352.71344100.93724

    126.3333352.2271468.7183

    131.3333347.7940121.62184

    127.6667335.040717.64091

    128.6667339.53571341.62762

    128.3333341.3027329.75516

    127.6667349.8978328.78201

    131351.88882325.45038

    126.6667354.10428326.60828

    123350.09738329.79721

    82.6667350.85806336.08374

    128.33330.97593331.35635

    341.519.09113339.73166

    30.2529.31578351.79462

    30.37532.977546.46034

    30.538.4710722.53958

    30.62540.9060226.06729

    30.7538.1153928.85032

    30.87543.8552932.99848

    3140.1599842.26144

    31.125

    31.25

    31.375

    31.5

    31.625

    31.75

    31.875

    32

    32.125

    32.25

    32.375

    32.5

    32.625

    32.75

    32.875

    SHEBA Observations

    WRF 2.2

    PWRF 2.3

    January 1998

    Wind Direction (degrees)

    Wind Direction at SHEBA Camp January 1998

    Chart5

    00.129985

    0.1250.1124698

    0.250.1183666

    0.3750.1151144

    0.50.092895

    0.6250.0816896

    0.750.0757794

    0.8750.0728363

    0.080.0801566

    0.080.08704

    0.080.1310354

    0.08530.2092021

    0.0860.2399296

    1.6250.1835431

    1.750.1337615

    1.8750.1242401

    20.1605337

    2.1250.1721032

    0.160.1763775

    0.18070.1741581

    0.20530.1742189

    0.19530.1601817

    0.1920.1485202

    0.2140.1409611

    0.2250.1617185

    0.26930.1604424

    0.35270.1667126

    0.40.169221

    0.40870.1669361

    0.3720.1630477

    0.36870.1611181

    0.4060.1572375

    0.40730.1924825

    0.40.1773029

    0.4220.1591524

    0.43870.1545132

    0.4360.1515703

    0.47930.1556682

    0.5660.1505798

    0.57930.1504883

    0.48730.2076291

    0.45070.1995792

    0.47930.195046

    0.38930.1871538

    0.29930.1916344

    0.27030.1960722

    0.24770.2005663

    0.26270.2090746

    0.25370.2463195

    0.25930.2962884

    0.28830.3759754

    0.28470.4106059

    0.23230.426254

    0.2360.4299356

    0.2610.3741862

    0.22230.3365943

    0.21170.4237391

    0.220.3624369

    0.32670.307385

    0.50830.234233

    0.59830.2018405

    0.54430.1848377

    0.56830.172277

    0.34170.1691752

    0.24830.3301708

    0.380.3605616

    0.39670.3756899

    0.450.3765155

    0.43830.3842527

    0.3050.3777136

    0.3050.3514973

    0.2820.3239778

    0.290.2810486

    0.27830.2905864

    0.25330.2981852

    0.260.3155134

    0.23830.3341908

    0.21830.359907

    0.2250.3511716

    0.25330.2977928

    0.260.2938055

    0.24830.2348509

    0.2650.2154466

    0.380.2034128

    0.52330.1936297

    0.43330.1775537

    0.4350.1710815

    0.41830.1685157

    0.4250.1733694

    0.4750.172821

    0.50170.1722493

    0.47170.1709092

    0.470.1816123

    0.41830.1835223

    0.2850.1795372

    0.20170.1765582

    0.1950.1609565

    0.190.1618947

    0.160.1608083

    0.170.1538572

    0.19830.1557566

    0.21330.1516032

    0.19330.1469372

    0.18670.1520771

    0.1850.1553048

    0.21330.1540377

    0.20670.1524834

    0.220.1477978

    0.24170.1549957

    0.19830.153007

    0.17330.1417047

    0.15330.1364571

    0.14330.1414158

    0.140.1348429

    0.13670.1300815

    0.14170.1270559

    0.140.1247555

    0.13670.1223678

    0.1350.1197656

    0.140.1185144

    0.160.1276368

    0.14830.1242752

    0.13330.1219696

    0.1250.1191999

    0.11830.1271712

    0.11670.1291035

    0.10830.1380297

    0.10330.1499866

    0.110.1201497

    0.120.1213386

    0.12170.1338415

    0.1250.1314796

    0.11670.1231534

    0.110.1235077

    0.110.1290926

    0.110.1230348

    0.110.125809

    0.120.13157

    0.11670.1537541

    0.11670.1654695

    0.12170.1460928

    0.12170.135125

    0.12330.1364367

    0.12170.1330939

    0.11170.1378669

    0.10830.1363292

    0.1150.130435

    0.10670.1329149

    0.11330.1346572

    0.12170.139248

    0.120.1499284

    0.12330.1504761

    0.120.1405571

    0.12170.1394781

    0.1250.1362685

    0.12170.1347472

    0.12170.1336928

    0.120.1285366

    0.1150.1216601

    0.110.1231716

    0.10830.1232826

    0.11170.1193325

    0.1350.1171978

    0.15870.1137169

    0.16530.121538

    0.16530.1210192

    0.1640.1230737

    0.1520.1211858

    0.150.1376166

    0.14870.1333076

    0.1440.1314228

    0.140.1330973

    0.1420.1306723

    0.1420.1325302

    0.14330.132656

    0.1540.1312259

    0.14870.1251852

    0.14930.1231468

    0.16730.1256401

    0.17530.126306

    0.17530.1222443

    0.1720.1179033

    0.1730.1146791

    0.1510.1090117

    0.15050.1052783

    23.1250.1023981

    23.250.1014056

    0.150.1032442

    0.150.1089153

    0.14170.1149077

    0.1350.1236114

    0.13170.133362

    0.130.1403465

    0.12170.1412138

    0.12670.1534248

    0.12670.163731

    0.13670.1746854

    0.160.178759

    0.17670.1972574

    0.18670.212109

    0.190.2513993

    0.20.2931751

    0.1950.3212224

    0.20670.3720585

    0.21170.4336852

    0.24330.4997181

    0.2850.5444307

    0.33830.5795987

    0.40170.4912589

    0.45330.5373597

    0.4850.6017256

    0.480.6741482

    0.46830.7599525

    0.48670.7752019

    0.50.7768667

    0.49330.7687013

    0.49670.6097869

    0.5150.6864094

    0.53670.7220356

    0.570.7549579

    0.60330.7635435

    0.640.744208

    0.6750.7619141

    0.70670.8054786

    0.72670.5743281

    0.720.6529008

    0.73170.6699142

    0.61330.6443238

    0.520.6554585

    0.47670.6747631

    0.50330.6939163

    0.56830.6932892

    0.62670.6220245

    0.66670.622328

    0.67170.5934194

    0.6450.5435685

    0.630.4435525

    0.62670.3246514

    0.640.278831

    0.640.251619

    0.62830.1983141

    0.5950.1942372

    30.250.1919106

    30.3750.1927343

    30.50.2132142

    30.6250.2267039

    30.750.2394891

    30.8750.2846101

    310.3260075

    31.125

    31.25

    31.375

    31.5

    31.625

    31.75

    31.875

    32

    Observations at 2.5 m

    PWRF 2.3 at 2.0 m

    January 1998

    Specific Humidity (g/kg)

    Specific Humidity at SHEBA Camp January 1998

    Chart6

    00-0.04389-8.85629-18.9594111

    0.1250.125-0.09299-11.08233-21.45541.041671.041671.04167

    0.250.25-0.08762-4.57454-11.022581.083331.083331.08333

    0.3750.375-0.10487-11.17379-21.129491.1251.1251.125

    0.50.5-0.09163-9.66867-18.229211.166671.166671.16667

    0.6250.625-0.09248-9.90884-16.868631.208331.208331.20833

    0.750.75-0.17527-12.29382-18.241921.251.251.25

    0.8750.875-0.19829-13.73584-17.960711.291671.291671.29167

    11-0.21539-15.43466-19.94581.333331.333331.33333

    1.1251.125-0.23354-15.9306-18.842451.3751.3751.375

    1.251.250.083436.4076211.177791.416671.416671.41667

    1.3751.3750.23389-2.13944-7.809041.458331.458331.45833

    1.51.5-0.55409-21.25282-20.411711.51.51.5

    1.6251.625-1.08833-32.55337-41.160161.541671.541671.54167

    1.751.75-0.85149-29.55943-30.970551.583331.583331.58333

    1.8751.875-0.67768-26.01486-29.557131.6251.6251.625

    22-0.27715-6.386252.139591.666671.666671.66667

    2.1252.1250.142953.012982.535251.708331.708331.70833

    -0.9-16.10.157641.4041.753151.751.751.75

    -0.7333-12.16670.08381-4.687522.650471.791671.791671.79167

    -0.8333-12.23330.29808-4.77901-1.47931.833331.833331.83333

    -0.3667-6.2-0.8212-29.2457-23.825891.8751.8751.875

    -0.2-1.4333-0.71962-24.89185-22.719981.916671.916671.91667

    0.633313.3333-0.59943-20.66207-19.141311.958331.958331.95833

    1.4524.9-0.42763-16.74898-17.05659222

    0.46678.5-0.44276-16.07843-14.847012.041672.041672.04167

    0.86679.8-0.42216-14.13695-15.443592.083332.083332.08333

    1.212.1667-0.51576-15.47152-14.73022.1252.1252.125

    1.133310.7333-0.69675-17.69591-13.247072.166672.166672.16667

    0.53335.9667-0.68112-16.24818-11.443922.208332.208332.20833

    1.312.8667-0.67996-12.89122-4.963372.252.252.25

    1.266712.3-0.64306-12.11448-14.84167-17.8-18.1-16.1

    0.76677.7667-0.091298.34576-3.51516-15.7-12.9-9.6

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    -6.6-4.5-2.1

    -4.9-5-2.9

    -5.6-5.5-3.9

    -4.3-4.7-3.2

    -5.7-6.1-3.8

    -7.4-5.9-3.8

    -6.6-6.6-4.6

    -4.4-6-5.2

    -5.9-6.5-4.8

    -2.9-4.4-4.8

    -3.8-6.2-4.7

    -5.1-6.5-5.6

    -4.8-5.6-4

    -2-4.4-4.4

    -2.4-4.9-4.9

    -4.1-5.9-6.2

    -4.3-8.5-7.8

    -1.5-4.9-6.6

    -1.6-5.9-9.4

    -5.2-9.5-8.4

    14.916714.916714.9167

    14.958314.958314.9583

    151515

    -4.5-9.4-9.3

    -3-10.5-11.7

    -3.9-12.3-11.1

    -2.5-10.1-10.6

    -2.1-9.6-10

    -5.4-10.1-8.8

    -2.5-8.9-6.9

    -4.7-9.7-7.1

    -7.3-8.8-7.7

    -7.8-7.9-7.3

    -4.8-6.4-6.1

    -4.5-5.1-4.4

    -5.9-5.9-4.9

    -6.3-6.7-6.2

    -8.8-7.3-6.7

    -7-6.9-8

    -6.2-5.8-5.8

    -7.515.7515.75

    -6.9-9.2-6.3

    -9.6-8-4.5

    -8.1-9.1-6.7

    -7.4-9.2-5.9

    -10.1-9.1-6.2

    -13.9-11.1-8.6

    -14.5-11.7-9.4

    -15-13.2-11.8

    -15-12.4-10.7

    -17.2-14.1-12.4

    -12.7-10.5-8.2

    -13.9-12-9.1

    -18.6-12.5-9.8

    -15.6-10.5-8.6

    -15-9.8-8

    -15.5-10.2-8.5

    -14.4-9.4-7.7

    -11.9-9.7-7.9

    -13.9-9.3-7.6

    -14.5-8.8-7

    -11.4-6.3-3.9

    -11.8-7.9-5.7

    -11.9-8.9-6.8

    -11.7-9.6-7.3

    -14.2-11.2-9.9

    -16.9-11-9.3

    -15.716.87516.875

    16.916716.916716.9167

    -15.4-11.4-10.7

    -18.7-11.6-11.7

    -18.2-9.9-9

    -17.6-10.2-9.1

    -18-9.7-8.1

    -16.8-11-9.4

    -14.6-11.1-10.3

    -17.1-10.7-9.9

    -19.1-12.1-11.1

    -15.2-11.7-10.5

    -17.9-12.2-10.7

    -23.6-12.1-10.3

    -17.4-13.2-12.3

    -16.5-12.9-11.8

    -15-12.7-12

    -18.2-12.6-11.7

    -14-11-9.9

    -15.4-10.3-9.5

    -12.8-10.4-9.3

    -15-10.7-9.4

    -17-9.9-8.6

    -13.9-10.3-9.2

    -12.4-10.2-8.3

    -12.2-10-7

    -12.2-9.9-7.5

    -5.4-7-6.6

    -8.4-9.9-8.2

    -5.4-6.7-4.4

    -12.3-10-6.3

    -7.3-8.3-4.1

    -14.3-9.4-6

    -10.2-9.9-7.2

    -9-9-7.4

    -6.1-7.6-5.3

    -2.1-6.1-3.2

    -4.6-7.6-2.4

    -9.3-5.7-3.6

    -14.4-7.5-5.6

    -13.2-7.1-5.4

    -8.7-5.2-3.6

    -13.8-6.2-6.6

    -14.4-7.7-6.6

    -10.5-5.8-4.8

    18.7518.7518.75

    18.791718.791718.7917

    -8.4-5.1-3.5

    -13.2-7.4-5.3

    18.916718.916718.9167

    -6.4-8.7-7.1

    -8.4-12.5-6.7

    -4.8-8.4-7.4

    -11.8-12.2-8.4

    -9.1-8.9-6.7

    -5.4-9.8-8.1

    -8.7-11.2-8.1

    -11-10.8-7.3

    -6.1-9.3-6.4

    -7.4-8.9-6.8

    -9.9-11.1-7.4

    -4.7-8.2-10.3

    -5.8-4.5-8.5

    -4.8-4.6-8.7

    -7.3-6.6-8.9

    -4.6-5.1-8.6

    -7.3-4.9-6.7

    -8.1-4.9-7.2

    -5.7-5.7-7.3

    19.7519.7519.75

    19.791719.791719.7917

    -4.8-9.5-9

    -7.9-13.5-10.1

    -11-13.1-8

    -6-10.9-10.9

    -6.6-4.1-8.2

    -5.1-3.8-9.2

    -13.2-7-9.8

    -8.2-4-7.9

    -5.4-4.2-9.2

    -12.3-7.6-8.9

    -12.4-6.7-6

    -12.7-7.5-6.8

    -10.7-4.9-4

    -6.9-0.90.3

    -11.8-3.9-2.3

    -7.3-3.1-1.8

    -8.3-3.7-2.4

    -8.9-3.5-2.3

    -7.3-2-0.9

    -10.6-4.2-3.3

    -12.6-4.9-3.7

    -11.6-4.2-3.3

    -12-6.9-5.9

    -12.320.7917-6.4

    -16.220.8333-7.7

    -15.720.875-7.6

    -13.920.9167-6.9

    -17.420.9583-8.9

    212121

    21.041721.041721.0417

    21.083321.083321.0833

    -19.721.12521.125

    -18.821.166721.1667

    -18.121.208321.2083

    -16.921.2521.25

    -14.321.291721.2917

    -1621.333321.3333

    -19.121.37521.375

    -19.4-10-8.8

    -20.2-11-10

    -16-8.3-8.7

    -15.7-8.8-7.8

    -17.5-9.6-8.4

    -17.3-8.9-8.6

    -14.2-8.5-9.2

    -7.5-4.8-7.8

    -13.1-8-7.6

    21.791721.791721.7917

    -16.2-8.5-9.3

    -14.2-7.3-7.7

    -9.5-4.3-7.3

    -9.9-5.2-8.7

    222222

    22.041722.041722.0417

    22.083322.083322.0833

    22.12522.12522.125

    22.166722.166722.1667

    22.208322.208322.2083

    22.2522.2522.25

    22.291722.291722.2917

    22.333322.333322.3333

    22.37522.37522.375

    22.416722.416722.4167

    22.458322.458322.4583

    22.522.522.5

    22.541722.541722.5417

    22.583322.583322.5833

    22.62522.62522.625

    22.666722.666722.6667

    22.708322.708322.7083

    22.7522.7522.75

    22.791722.791722.7917

    22.833322.833322.8333

    22.87522.87522.875

    22.916722.916722.9167

    22.958322.958322.9583

    232323

    23.041723.041723.0417

    23.083323.083323.0833

    23.12523.12523.125

    23.166723.166723.1667

    23.208323.208323.2083

    23.2523.2523.25

    23.291723.291723.2917

    -8.2-3.4-2.4

    -9-3.6-3.5

    -14.2-6.1-5.7

    -13.3-5.2-5

    -13.3-4.7-5.6

    -14.6-7.8-8.1

    -14.7-6.9-5.8

    -14.4-6.9-5.6

    23.666723.666723.6667

    23.708323.708323.7083

    23.7523.7523.75

    23.791723.791723.7917

    23.833323.833323.8333

    23.87523.87523.875

    23.916723.916723.9167

    -14.923.958323.9583

    -23.3-9.2-6.8

    -23.5-7.8-5

    -22.1-7.5-4.5

    -19.4-8.4-5.6

    -21.5-7.8-4.9

    -21.7-7.9-4.9

    -30.1-8.7-5.8

    -27.4-8.3-5.3

    -24.7-7.2-4.2

    -27.3-6.8-3.7

    -21.7-6.3-3

    -23.5-8.9-5.9

    -25.8-8.6-5.3

    -29.3-11.6-8.6

    -28.7-11.7-8.7

    -39.8-12.2-9.4

    -25.7-11-8.1

    -31.8-14-11.4

    -36.1-17.2-15

    -31.7-18.8-17.7

    -32.3-12-9

    -34.5-12.8-9.7

    -32.7-15-12.4

    -29.6-14.2-11.3

    252525

    25.041725.041725.0417

    25.083325.083325.0833

    25.12525.12525.125

    25.166725.166725.1667

    25.208325.208325.2083

    25.2525.2525.25

    25.291725.291725.2917

    25.333325.333325.3333

    25.37525.37525.375

    25.416725.416725.4167

    25.458325.458325.4583

    25.525.525.5

    25.541725.541725.5417

    25.583325.583325.5833

    25.62525.62525.625

    25.666725.666725.6667

    25.708325.708325.7083

    25.7525.7525.75

    25.791725.791725.7917

    25.833325.833325.8333

    25.87525.87525.875

    25.916725.916725.9167

    25.958325.958325.9583

    262626

    0.49.913.2

    26.083326.083326.0833

    26.12526.12526.125

    26.166726.166726.1667

    26.208326.208326.2083

    26.2526.2526.25

    26.291726.291726.2917

    26.333326.333326.3333

    26.37526.37526.375

    26.416726.416726.4167

    26.458326.458326.4583

    26.526.526.5

    15.519.623.7

    11.313.216.5

    11.114.517.8

    1212.916.2

    1112.215.4

    10.313.116.4

    8.511.614.5

    9.812.815.9

    710.312.9

    8.511.414.2

    10.611.914.4

    7.41012.4

    4.510.312.6

    59.612.1

    2.56.38.5

    0.74.56.6

    -2.92.24.3

    -3.11.63.5

    -41.43.3

    -5.3-0.61.2

    -5.5-1.40.5

    -6.4-1.30.4

    -5.2-1.20.4

    -3.51.73.8

    -4.8-0.31.3

    -4.535

    -41.73.5

    -5.824.1

    -7.10.52.6

    -5.32.14.1

    -45.27.2

    -2.55.17.2

    -5.80.92.7

    -7-1.50.2

    -0.101.8

    6.22.13.7

    9.83.35

    7.91.73.3

    10.93.14.7

    7.22.54.1

    12.42.53.7

    10.43.14.5

    15.27.18.8

    25.21011.7

    34.610.912.5

    24.510.211.8

    26.610.912.5

    18.510.612.4

    23.916.318

    24.216.418.3

    15.610.212.2

    11.99.911.8

    1511.813.7

    23.420.422

    18.115.317.3

    1615.417.2

    19.315.717.2

    18.39.210.7

    125.26.4

    9.667.4

    10.36.58

    9.65.87.2

    6.75.26.6

    5.32.33.4

    7.36.47.9

    6.967.5

    4.56.98.7

    3.878.5

    5.86.88.2

    6.25.97.3

    8.47.38.7

    6.66.68

    5.33.64.6

    2.734

    0.61.12

    -1.40.11

    -2-0.20.7

    -1.11.12

    -0.61.21.9

    -1.1-1.4-1.2

    -0.5-0.5-0.2

    -0.7-0.40

    -0.9-1.4-1.2

    -1.4-0.30.4

    -3.3-2.8-2.3

    -6.6-6.8-6.9

    -8.8-12-12.5

    30.166730.166730.1667

    30.208330.208330.2083

    30.2530.2530.25

    30.291730.291730.2917

    30.333330.333330.3333

    30.37530.37530.375

    30.416730.416730.4167

    30.458330.458330.4583

    30.530.530.5

    30.541730.541730.5417

    30.583330.583330.5833

    30.62530.62530.625

    30.666730.666730.6667

    30.708330.708330.7083

    30.7530.7530.75

    30.791730.791730.7917

    30.833330.833330.8333

    30.87530.87530.875

    30.916730.916730.9167

    30.958330.958330.9583

    313131

    31.041731.041731.0417

    31.083331.083331.0833

    31.12531.12531.125

    31.166731.166731.1667

    31.208331.208331.2083

    31.2531.2531.25

    31.291731.291731.2917

    31.333331.333331.3333

    31.37531.37531.375

    31.416731.416731.4167

    31.458331.458331.4583

    31.531.531.5

    31.541731.541731.5417

    31.583331.583331.5833

    31.62531.62531.625

    31.666731.666731.6667

    31.708331.708331.7083

    31.7531.7531.75

    31.791731.791731.7917

    31.833331.833331.8333

    31.87531.87531.875

    31.916731.916731.9167

    31.958331.958331.9583

    323232

    32.041732.041732.0417

    Observed Latent Heat Flux

    Observed Sensible Heat Flux

    WRF 2.2 Latent

    WRF 2.2 Sensible

    PWRF 2.3 Sensible

    Observed Eddy Correlation

    Observed Tower 10 m

    Observed Tower 2.5 m

    January 1998

    Flux (W/m**2)

    Sensible Heat Flux at SHEBA Camp

    Chart7

    00136.87891167.30045

    0.1250.125122.7855162.95251

    0.250.25148.4294168.51048

    0.3750.375125.5382163.87517

    0.50.5118.4032159.97446

    0.6250.625115.8575158.38016

    0.750.75115.4311158.60645

    0.8750.875115.2299158.29214

    165.2123.9121.2511160.8786

    162.9667124.6128.005162.93097

    164.5124.9203.0246179.68784

    164.9667125.5209.6516190.57076

    164.7124.7198.8226192.18578

    1.6251.625139.9073177.96907

    1.751.75135.5831172.29108

    1.8751.875133.0627170.90393

    22199.2701184.19276

    2.1252.125205.368186.61748

    181.1136.5205.6588187.40762

    185.9143.0333204.987187.13525

    190.0333153199.04539186.81482

    190.0667148.9155.9239179.40468

    190.2667161.8667151.2596177.30122

    196.4188.1667154.36659177.08829

    200.05206.5157.6095180.46428

    202.6189.3161.5887181.11287

    212.3333214.3162.7368181.86201

    217.1217.7333166.0672182.90013

    217.7667211166.5363182.55524

    213.3195.5333167.8264182.37137

    214.5667209.9175.1068182.66351

    217.4333215.0667157.62379179.94414

    216.7333203.1181.59911187.93294

    216.9208.3333159.6209182.87935

    218.4667211.3667157.2076179.30293

    218.0333200.4333155.9971179.15434

    216.5667193.1333149.68291176.30101

    221.2216.2139.9437171.71152

    228.2333225.5333139.037171.76135

    230.5667227.7140.81129173.02065

    225.1667218.8149.19189181.71213

    221.9212.0667146.297181.72882

    221.7333205.6146.03391181.14169

    210.8175.2333145.20551180.79138

    200.5161.4667146.13721180.29773

    195.5333160.9667147.16409180.88678

    191.7667159.8333146.9758180.34186

    189.6667158.4667145.62849178.59622

    188.7333159.5333170.4872189.04636

    187.6333160.7233.291205.81442

    188.1333163.2243.2514213.03461

    188.7667163.4667226.9593210.5423

    188.1667161.9231.56329212.76282

    187.8162.4667202.9496205.41197

    187.3160.5333162.6272192.04289

    187.5161.9333193.4825198.16959

    191.6333175.7230.2581212.33444

    195.5667185.7216.4968205.98238

    213.2230.2333204.5027200.7039

    226.6333240.0333145.51109183.05836

    232.6667240.2667140.3024179.03377

    215.9207.6667140.1911179.26653

    229.3333229.5139.49229177.97327

    201.9667175.1142.2442178.28168

    197.5667177.9667221.0323209.13405

    217.3216.2333224.7114211.60571

    218.1333214.8333221.8868211.80138

    222.1667219.4220.3618211.62515

    221.0333216.7667221.8577212.30779

    204.7667189.9197.68021206.01207

    209.2667203.2183.0789201.11226

    191172.8333180.87289199.737

    202.6191.1209.94659203.63637

    203.1667189.3667210.5697204.56621

    201.2667187.5333205.0522204.62239

    203.7193.9667186.5298202.72153

    199.2333181.4667210.32381206.72432

    196.4333177.4197.92281207.00606

    199.4191.2667193.65919205.91295

    202188.9667161.78641198.19069

    200.7333178.7200.6721202.45078

    197.5169.6333155.604191.31555

    203.1333190.3667152.89661188.88361

    216.7333216.9149.957187.22292

    227.9231.4667146.0175185.29048

    215.6667189.4143.18111183.11342

    219.2333211.1140.4507181.80272

    221.5333221.2138.56821180.56078

    221.9333218.6667135.84219180.45432

    223.8212.8135.3568179.81929

    222.7333202.1667135.9735179.42484

    219.6667199.2139.8938180.82771

    220.3201.9667142.9312182.40944

    220.2333209.0333141.4109182.71143

    204.3163.4333136.05209182.04791

    193.5154.3134.6958181.66228

    191.8667157.5667133.75841179.44109

    190.3333155.6134.72079179.74298

    184.8333148.6667135.1532179.40468

    186.3150.6135.14751178.08582

    191.9333163.7333135.70621178.57703

    192.6667156.2333135.2912177.74057

    189.0667143.0667134.1685176.93388

    188.3147.2333134.6387177.66554

    188.4147.1135.9989177.79709

    191.3333149.2333136.48039177.80518

    190.1145.3667136.4129176.61292

    193.7333163.1135.73175.74249

    199.6182.5136.14841177.20573

    192154.4333134.4751175.86877

    187.2667146.8667132.7569174.46332

    183.1667143.8131.1299174.04507

    181.8143.9129.2821172.94006

    180.7144.0333130.4366172.86128

    179.8143.4333130.9328172.84166

    180.0333145.4129.93719172.54617

    179.7145.9333130.61172.35652

    179144.8333131.64931172.57982

    177.6143.1129.4832171.8712

    178.4667148.8130.76961172.08499

    183.6157.55129.74181173.24048

    178.2139126.1154172.09869

    176.6333139.1667125.0634172.20201

    176.1137.9667122.8006171.48759

    174.9667137.2333125.8106173.63522

    173.9135.3667124.828173.63316

    172.2667132.2667127.831175.71313

    171.4333130.9129.3947177.51945

    172.5667130.6667121.4546171.23804

    174.5132.2122.2841171.64365

    175131.6333124.6252173.77454

    176.5132.9333123.502172.84024

    174.6130.2124.0085171.76512

    174.3667130.3333124.1657171.95023

    173.3127.9125.8049172.71671

    173.1333127.9667128.089171.62704

    172.5129.2667133.1078172.11389

    174.8333130136.66859173.20085

    174.1127.6139.8089174.78462

    173.8667126.8138.8154176.43684

    174.8667129.0333133.6987173.80537

    175.7131.6667135.0638173.41913

    175.9667132.7138.18449174.14281

    175.3667131138.8714174.08423

    173.0667133.4333136.5145172.61958

    172.8333134.1134.67239173.00624

    173.6333135.1133.3396171.94527

    172.5136.7132.4938171.06253

    174.3137.2131.5528171.2697

    176.1138.2667132.5546172.18683

    176.35138.95134.0872172.05026

    176.2333138.5333132.6227173.03468

    173.9333135.4667127.3004170.55441

    174.3136.3333125.5921170.65996

    175.5333137.7333124.4724170.12041

    174.5136.8667130.5005171.83798

    173.2333135.2667134.95129172.92775

    173.4667135.9333135.8278172.69711

    172.9333135.6333135.81911172.41232

    171.5667132.0667134.4445172.81529

    170.2333131.1667131.6729172.17253

    170.6333131.4333130.8033171.46027

    178.1333149.8131.5715170.94664

    185.2160.6333134.43671170.57326

    186.2333159.6333137.5508171.86743

    185.8333153.0333137.8476171.6489

    184.5333146.7333136.3773171.67046

    181.9138.7134.5267171.26854

    180.9136.1134.70171174.56889

    179.7135.5333133.65401173.58441

    179.9135.6333131.5993173.64198

    179.2667135.5131.3441173.45876

    179.5136.2667130.2578172.95909

    179.6333138.5667128.8255172.86276

    179.6140.6127.7082172.64648

    181.1142.3667126.2119172.16991

    179.2667139.7667127.7118171.8575

    180.1147.9126.7734171.0294

    183.2333150.0667126.9413171.87415

    185.7667150.9667127.7147172.06134

    183.6333142.2667129.2514171.51379

    183.4667140.9128.5462170.94257

    183140.8127.8754170.71301

    179.6141.6127.1227169.99892

    179.7141.35120.7961168.82779

    23.12523.125121.8405168.58228

    23.2523.25121.5957168.50497

    182.0667148.5333123.5417169.16689

    180.9333140.5333122.3026169.84314

    180.3136.1122.5073170.8871

    178.9132.7667123.4666172.31067

    179.4667132.5667128.3409174.31097

    177.7333130.4667123.1704174.61966

    177.1128.7333136.5045176.21042

    177.3667128.7333146.8197179.35832

    177.9667130.5333140.0674180.18779

    179.3667131.9132.1958180.60555

    183.4667135.4667140.59351182.32838

    185135.8333138.48241185.07222

    188.0667136.5667142.4556187.4823

    188.9667141.9333207.05341197.93486

    191.1150.3667212.7043202.10626

    190.0333144.3667219.7655205.7821

    191.3667142.2333222.052210.05391

    192.2667144.7333220.71449213.925

    197.0333159.5333223.5172217.87056

    203.1177.0333225.8136220.59344

    210.6201.1667228.0013222.9032

    217.1667218.4333222.77879218.44193

    221.7667221.8667224.6091221.16064

    223.5667224.3227.27071224.46684

    223.9222.9333232.5258227.91731

    222.9667221.7233.19009230.47707

    223.9222.6333225.1982228.08054

    224.8223.8667232.1806228.31239

    224.1221.6333239.6423229.68765

    224.4333225232.53709227.03923

    225.3333223.4236.22279231.00214

    226.1217.8333237.4521232.71535

    227.9333219.0333239.4487234.16153

    230.4667225.1333238.549234.57683

    233.1333229238.1442233.89877

    235.3667234.4667239.672234.93887

    237234.4667242.15511237.11075

    238.1232.2333234.5323226.96809

    237.7667232.6333234.715230.22763

    238.8236.5667235.3476230.62424

    232.6333227.9235.0428229.49744

    226.8333224.5667235.12131229.87686

    223.6333215.5333236.0602230.47929

    226.3667231.6667236.1075230.45714

    231.0333237.2235.91991230.47603

    233.3333232.4230.534228.11119

    235.5333235230.3775228.04019

    236.6333236.9667229.5554226.88948

    235.0667235.7229.6692224.47644

    234.0667235.2213.3221217.30763

    232.7333230.3333164.88519203.90993

    233.4667231.1667148.8566198.29021

    232.1667232.4333145.0072195.53111

    230.9333235.0667134.7184188.79694

    225.4216.05134.76511188.19554

    30.2530.25134.2753187.76558

    30.37530.375159.3501191.0743

    30.530.5184.289196.93015

    30.62530.625150.6732193.87459

    30.7530.75195.3806199.37083

    30.87530.875225.21539205.87285

    3131217.0181208.36914

    31.12531.125

    31.2531.25

    31.37531.375

    31.531.5

    31.62531.625

    31.7531.75

    31.87531.875

    3232

    Observed LW up

    Observed LW down

    PWRF 2.3 LW down

    PWRF 2.3 LW up

    January 1998

    Flux (W/m**2)

    Longwave Radiation at SHEBA Camp

    Chart14

    23.7416213.95506

    31.2829820.92334

    20.3575711.80511

    32.1290519.4659

    35.6841725.50521

    38.6799527.76776

    37.4600426.98942

    37.005227.13779

    29.479421.80371

    27.0131718.30236

    8.17202-7.91705

    -10.82108-22.82365

    -8.3784-23.62602

    6.29722-1.32792

    15.364587.90749

    18.6002210.39729

    8.16186-8.87276

    0.09425-11.77098

    -0.89022-11.99297

    1.61869-10.67479

    -1.31235-9.34217

    11.347632.35658

    13.785355.87836

    14.840136.4336

    15.918738.5682

    15.74327.66677

    12.441356.63525

    11.114365.22109

    13.059675.90373

    13.312936.34094

    13.002166.06472

    14.5670510.3014

    4.372056.31995

    -1.7805813.7796

    -2.7961118.85798

    14.6711418.77102

    21.4594522.78324

    31.5118329.34787

    34.0200528.58619

    34.6600826.00424

    35.6295229.11939

    36.1764328.33454

    37.1122728.45572

    37.8069828.26271

    37.6893828.33089

    37.4257726.75662

    37.9677526.97915

    38.1770129.01716

    26.1322811.71436

    -2.05732-11.71733

    -13.25972-20.45813

    -10.54212-15.94488

    -10.75041-17.91116

    -7.85316-6.9257

    13.8067912.13699

    18.012183.18487

    -10.40556-17.44532

    2.45927-8.1606

    5.79294-0.40061

    8.8221524.99977

    30.6316630.36754

    39.3724229.23239

    40.3200930.46005

    40.7799929.25241

    5.5986-3.22243

    3.92152-6.03611

    4.334-5.72204

    5.05779-4.93131

    5.99955-5.30201

    13.248493.81018

    22.8596310.5458

    30.3778912.40927

    11.732381.89344

    12.569721.0323

    13.647921.35277

    17.27484.35859

    11.87784-0.83781

    12.7464-0.8048

    16.014781.06656

    21.2142312.1434

    1.780933.40297

    1.5920619.17301

    2.6211822.33446

    8.5184524.2887

    21.6170826.61845

    31.1457229.25101

    40.9925830.53912

    43.6209331.71427

    40.7179434.10606

    41.4635734.23958

    42.5422634.02834

    39.7343431.15479

    36.8716528.16599

    35.5246427.2227

    36.4764527.73345

    37.7251227.83965

    30.4020725.77436

    29.3272224.95007

    29.6476825.11944

    30.7657826.76477

    30.735725.61554

    31.657726.61863

    33.0622327.46325

    32.7974325.93007

    31.6233726.23984

    31.6781825.78593

    32.761527.20256

    35.042928.057

    33.6588625.37681

    35.8741127.03093

    37.519428.79341

    37.667328.96322

    38.4508631.24264

    38.666430.79368

    38.4704230.2824

    37.7611730.2214

    37.6511430.00766

    36.4958129.1845

    36.3007229.84272

    36.1696229.15876

    35.1463525.8566

    34.8374527.37046

    34.8222126.82936

    35.08927.59716

    32.4984423.91732

    30.0191923.71596

    25.2391920.35724

    24.0683817.57505

    31.9628124.39651

    30.2587323.47817

    27.8393419.95437

    28.5408721.30948

    29.1628922.82902

    29.0442822.3476

    28.7426420.99712

    29.0776122.67671

    26.9087323.38392

    25.2078621.39858

    25.7657118.75978

    20.3104616.16737

    25.8732420.079

    27.9375520.64371

    27.8607119.3677

    28.9522419.35921

    31.0613523.78294

    32.7538922.95354

    32.6964824.22062

    35.4136925.24219

    34.8154624.55997

    33.5596322.80609

    34.2456622.77248

    32.8846521.07268

    35.4015427.42581

    36.8496426.78992

    37.4564827.20246

    33.8197124.09594

    31.5562322.10615

    31.5063922.24979

    31.4544422.47004

    30.7264121.62734

    27.5443621.62724

    28.9889922.53535

    29.3341323.12833

    29.0099923.46973

    27.6621121.22674

    28.8021721.53163

    29.8833521.23762

    30.7314121.71791

    26.5699420.48287

    29.2031121.80073

    30.39321.46643

    29.8595621.53679

    31.725622.14748

    32.8055522.16764

    33.5801322.25099

    32.7674922.85855

    29.1749324.55746

    31.5694625.52546

    31.8442223.85026

    31.4391523.29069

    32.6870323.89611

    34.3088524.5238

    35.7962824.61627

    36.8483725.45017

    36.4534327.37908

    36.851627.46308

    36.5994127.0609

    35.4613925.63205

    34.523524.23931

    33.7733522.44403

    31.7716720.02232

    28.0841116.88702

    25.1265915.37642

    25.3523412.98733

    20.764988.37851

    17.388527.44121

    16.052417.11906

    13.243184.85634

    12.45281.19596

    11.55186-1.82671

    3.70289-11.88408

    -1.88581-16.84546

    -7.04551-20.89442

    -13.88975-25.56591

    -17.87905-29.44191

    -22.88234-33.23355

    -24.9045-35.34893

    -25.74609-36.81348

    -14.85789-19.12224

    -19.60938-21.73872

    -23.23103-24.98245

    -20.11635-28.31404

    -11.34682-30.32944

    -10.9591-26.10325

    -12.03873-25.3445

    -15.79963-26.05771

    -8.14631-11.21319

    -9.91635-15.60082

    -9.55803-17.00304

    -9.85035-18.05268

    -9.93841-17.79389

    -8.92656-16.20308

    -6.16235-16.79119

    -5.72337-18.7428

    -1.21593-1.5251

    -2.34815-5.48362

    -2.42116-5.70683

    -2.97112-4.04914

    -2.10216-4.32352

    -0.04846-4.85259

    1.88795-4.56954

    5.07948-4.3606

    8.049612.5229

    9.22712.61009

    10.745064.05292

    12.611217.04673

    16.4380916.11478

    32.351333.21915

    43.5024439.93127

    48.3813642.42894

    56.5858350.96253

    56.1636250.14668

    55.7090549.14906

    54.677942.79296

    53.111933.26903

    49.0650136.65402

    34.6066227.92307

    38.145118.38807

    27.1987314.72552

    WRF 2.2

    PWRF 2.3

    January 1998

    Flux (W/m**2)

    Ground Heat Flux at SHEBA Camp

    Chart8

    0-0.04389-0.1508111

    0.125-0.09299-0.138571.041671.041671.04167

    0.25-0.08762-0.125791.083331.083331.08333

    0.375-0.10487-0.148571.1251.1251.125

    0.5-0.09163-0.115081.166671.166671.16667

    0.625-0.09248-0.113911.208331.208331.20833

    0.75-0.17527-0.165481.251.251.25

    0.875-0.19829-0.186191.291671.291671.29167

    1-0.21539-0.213411.333331.333331.33333

    1.125-0.23354-0.26191.3751.3751.375

    1.250.083430.246141.416671.416671.41667

    1.3750.23389-0.057961.458331.458331.45833

    1.5-0.55409-0.501511.51.51.5

    1.625-1.08833-0.972821.541671.541671.54167

    1.75-0.85149-0.495841.583331.583331.58333

    1.875-0.67768-0.453731.6251.6251.625

    2-0.277150.112131.666671.666671.66667

    2.1250.142950.349511.708331.708331.70833

    -0.90.157640.406091.751.751.75

    -0.73330.083810.44331.791671.791671.79167

    -0.83330.298080.40641.833331.833331.83333

    -0.3667-0.8212-0.386441.8751.8751.875

    -0.2-0.71962-0.435131.916671.916671.91667

    0.6333-0.59943-0.19661.958331.958331.95833

    1.45-0.42763-0.34283222

    0.4667-0.44276-0.195262.041672.041672.04167

    0.8667-0.42216-0.249352.083332.083332.08333

    1.2-0.51576-0.143272.1252.1252.125

    1.1333-0.69675-0.1352.166672.166672.16667

    0.5333-0.68112-0.047322.208332.208332.20833

    1.3-0.679960.02772.252.252.25

    1.2667-0.64306-0.25155-0.1-0.8-0.9

    0.7667-0.09129-0.07536-0.1-0.7-0.5

    1.16670.48319-0.28347-0.1-0.8-0.7

    1.06670.23323-0.17314-0.2-1-1

    0.2667-0.20364-0.20743-0.2-0.9-0.9

    -0.2667-0.2865-0.11244-0.2-0.9-0.9

    0.2-0.32739-0.05652-0.1-0.6-0.7

    0.7333-0.3396-0.06633-0.2-0.4-0.3

    1.8-0.25946-0.10251-0.1-0.7-0.6

    2.2333-0.13699-0.10771-0.1-0.3-0.2

    1.4-0.14437-0.19188-0.1-0.4-0.5

    0.3-0.14732-0.17316-0.1-0.2-0.1

    -0.5667-0.13897-0.195120-0.10

    -0.6667-0.14149-0.1605900.60.5

    -0.7-0.14737-0.167920.10.70.8

    -0.4333-0.14554-0.146250.20.70.6

    -0.5333-0.14878-0.084720.61.41.6

    -0.5-0.08248-0.246420.61.51.3

    -0.30.345720.596733.041673.041673.04167

    -0.46671.011890.6792300.50.4

    -0.46670.08225-0.021610.10.70.7

    -0.13330.04796-0.108820.10.40.3

    -0.1-0.04292-0.3610500.40.6

    -0.1333-0.39309-0.923670.10.70.6

    -0.1-0.59887-0.8004111.31.4

    -0.13330.00093-0.076251.11.21.4

    -0.1-0.31315-0.429410.80.81

    0.6333-0.12395-0.047931.10.91.2

    0.4667-0.04197-0.340640.91.31.4

    0.6333-0.18005-0.171020.60.91.1

    -0.5-0.25438-0.203470.30.70.9

    0.1333-0.17836-0.173360.10.60.8

    -0.9-0.13544-0.1659100.50.6

    -0.23330.421130.4523600.30.2

    0.60.602980.51480.30.70.8

    0.30.64620.231180.81.51.7

    0.30.560920.23561.11.11.4

    0.30.617220.2776710.70.6

    0.06670.242040.040331.81.81.8

    0.4-0.13591-0.3703911.41.4

    0-0.22188-0.461740.20.70.7

    -0.06671.076261.3761440.80.8

    -0.11.287171.555980.30.70.8

    0.06671.310061.200084.083331.51.6

    0.50.519610.258994.1250.91.1

    0.03330.375750.108534.166670.60.8

    0.0667-0.42267-0.281674.208330.81

    0.5667-0.86798-0.534234.251.11.1

    0.3333-1.16107-1.123570.50.91.1

    -0.26670.828340.043980.10.70.9

    -0.66670.95393-0.723034.3750.20.3

    0.23330.97061-0.63287-0.5-0.6-0.4

    0.70.69454-0.60297-0.3-0.3-0.1

    0.70.2482-0.53501-0.2-0.5-0.3

    -0.8667-0.07078-0.45405-0.3-0.6-0.4

    -2.1-0.28921-0.45599-0.5-0.1-0.1

    1.95-0.30482-0.359324.6250.30.3

    1.7-0.24253-0.269784.666670.50.4

    0.6333-0.19215-0.209764.708330.10.3

    -0.5-0.09928-0.139364.750.40.4

    -0.7333-0.12239-0.190244.791671.11.5

    -0.4667-0.31011-0.367864.833331.61.8

    0.7-0.48992-0.496414.8751.11.7

    -0.2-0.66268-0.559874.916671.31.9

    -0.0333-0.58129-0.56654.958332.12.2

    -0.1-0.53981-0.5379751.92.5

    -0.1-0.59255-0.527455.041671.72

    -0.1333-0.59505-0.533885.083331.61.9

    -0.2333-0.53823-0.442025.1251.21.4

    -0.2-0.58804-0.485835.166670.80.9

    -0.4667-0.58661-0.413715.208330.80.9

    -0.5667-0.53284-0.398855.2500.2

    -0.4-0.57755-0.493055.29167-0.4-0.2

    -0.4-0.44328-0.384815.33333-0.7-0.5

    -0.8-0.47286-0.40625.375-0.7-0.5

    -0.7333-0.41772-0.301455.41667-0.8-0.7

    -0.5333-0.34566-0.256915.45833-0.9-0.7

    0.0667-0.47888-0.375135.5-1-0.6

    -0.1667-0.36922-0.293235.54167-0.9-0.7

    -0.2-0.31628-0.25585.58333-0.8-0.7

    -0.2-0.34486-0.295315.625-0.6-0.6

    -0.1667-0.15623-0.192745.66667-0.6-0.8

    -0.1667-0.19023-0.206795.70833-0.5-0.7

    -0.1667-0.21142-0.222615.75-0.2-0.3

    -0.2333-0.24415-0.267145.79167-0.1-0.3

    -0.2-0.27173-0.287495.83333-0.1-0.2

    -0.2333-0.31152-0.289395.875-0.2-0.6

    -0.3-0.35988-0.328315.91667-0.4-0.8

    -0.35-0.35841-0.274265.95833-0.3-0.6

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