Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and...
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Transcript of Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and...
![Page 1: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video
File Wrapper.
NDIIPPPreserving Digital Public
Television
JTS 2007Toronto
![Page 2: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Universal Preservation Format
• Self describing storage– Must know the coding of the file.– Must know the coding of the essence
within the file.
![Page 3: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Universal Preservation Format
• Wrapper contains both essence and metadata– Must know the location of the essence
and metadata within the file.
![Page 4: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Open Source Codecs
• Report on File Formats and Packages– http://www.ptvdigitalarchive.org
• VLAN– http://www.videolan.org/
• FFMPEG– http://ffmpeg.sourceforge.net/index.php
![Page 5: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Source Code Links
• http://www.free-codecs.com/• http://www.avsmedia.com/downloads/
codecs.aspx• http://forum.doom9.org/• http://sourceforge.net/projects/libdv/• http://www.openquicktime.org/
– http://www.free-codecs.com/download/QuickTime_Alternative.htm
• http://dirac.sourceforge.net/• http://www.avid.com/forms/DNxHDinfo.asp
![Page 6: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF Background & MXF - AS/PBS
Thomas EdwardsPBS
![Page 7: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF – What is It?
• Material eXchange Format• Influenced by the “EBU/SMPTE Joint
Task Force for Harmonised Standards for the Exchange of Television Programmes as bit streams”
• A “wrapper format” that ties together essence and metadata elements into a coherent whole
![Page 8: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
What can you do with MXF?
• Store simple completed works with metadata
• Store files in a streamable format• Wrap up a playlist/EDL and essence
with synchronization information• Wrap a wide variety of compression
formats
![Page 9: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
KLV Coding (SMPTE 336M)
– K= Key: a unique identifier– L= Length: how long is the field
Encoded with ASN.1 BER, so can be as big as needed
– < 0x80 is actual length (0-127 decimal)– 0x8Y implies next Y bytes contain actual length– Example: 0x82.10.00, length is 0x1000 = 4096
decimal
– V= Value: what is the value of the field
![Page 10: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
KLV Using SMPTE MDD
06.0E.2B.34.01.01.01.02.01.05.08.00.00.00.00.00
SMPTE Designator SMPTE Item
14 47 6F 6E 65 20 57 …
Length
“Colonial House”(in ISO-7 bit code)
Value
“Version Title”
UL – SMPTE Universal Label
(16 bytes)
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Simple Versus Complex
• MXF files can be very simple– “Just wrap up my essence”– E-VTRs, Video Servers
• MXF files can be very complex– EDL’s, alternate packages– Self-referential clips– Software implementations
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Simple MXF File
• Partitions– Logical division of a file for easier parsing
• Header– Has metadata about whole file
• Body– Contains essence
• Footer– Terminates file & can have updated metadata
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Metadata in MXF• Structural Metadata
– Capability of a file & how it is constructed
• Descriptive Metadata– Editorial aspects of the file– Several “schemes” available, such as DMS-1
• Dark Metadata– Metadata unknown by some applications
• Static Metadata– Doesn’t change over entire output– e.g. Show title, producer, etc.
• Time-Dependent Metadata– Timeline or Event– e.g. “This part was shot by Bob”
![Page 14: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF Object Model
• Packages– A logical grouping of metadata sets
• Material Package– Represents output timeline– Owns Tracks
• File Package– Represents actual essence in the file
![Page 15: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Physical vs Logicalphysical - how the bytes are stored (essence container)
logical - what the bytes are intended to represent (packages)
PartitionPack
SoundElementK L fil
lK L
Hdr.
set
PictureElementK L
Hdr.
set
K L
Hdr.
set
K L
Hdr.
set
K L K L K L
Stored Picture Track
Stored Sound TrackFile Package
“played” PictureTrack“played” SoundTrack
Material Package
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF Object Model cont.
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
“Frame Wrapped”
“Clip Wrapped”
KLV Wrapping of Essence
![Page 18: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF Standards• SMPTE 377M MXF File Format
Specification • Essence Containers:
– SMPTE 385M SDTI-CP – SMPTE 381M MPEG (including long-GOP) – SMPTE 382M AES3 and Broadcast Wave Audio – SMPTE 383M DV 25/50 – SMPTE 386M D-10 (IMX 50 Mbps I-frame
MPEG2) – SMPTE 387M D-11 (HDCAM)
• Descriptive Metadata – SMPTE 380M MXF Descriptive Metadata
Scheme - 1 (DMS-1)
![Page 19: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Why Bother?
• MXF is a good way to wrap up video essence into files
• MXF is a good way to link rich metadata to video essence
• MXF has support from many vendors for interoperation (but this is a work-in-progress)
• MXF and file transfer may provide significant benefits for an IT-oriented workflow
![Page 20: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
PBS File Delivery Project(NGIS)
• Distribute long-form, broadcast-quality video as files
• To 180 independent public television organizations
• Five major video server vendors, and some smaller vendors
![Page 21: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
NGIS in Operation
Cloud
LBand
Station Equipment
NGIS Equipment
PBS
VPN
Demod Reception/Deletion/Server
4 TB
Request Automation
TrafficServerConfirmation
ArrivalNotice
TransferCommand
Monitor &Resend
OfferSchedule
FTP / CIFS
Translation(if needed)
![Page 22: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF Format Woes
• MXF can wrap many different types of audio and video essence
• There are a number of ways that variable size edit unit essence can be indexed
• MXF has ten different “Operational Patterns” (OPs)
• MXF can carry a wide range of descriptive metadata schemes
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF – AS/PBS
• An MXF Application Specification for PBS• Base Requirements:
– Single file per program distribution mechanism.
– Direct play back (or import) into MXF compatible servers
– Otherwise easy to translate into non-MXF compatible servers
![Page 24: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
AS-PBS Development
• Began in 2004 based on “AS-CNN”
• Five key server vendors to public television initially involved
• Expanded to include other server and translation vendors
• Iterative process w. teleconferences and email distribution
• SD targeted first
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF/AS-PBS Essence
• Video essence type:– MPEG-2 4:2:0
• Video bitrate:– 8 Mbps
• Audio essence type:– Uncompressed, 16-bit PCM audio in BWF
• VBI (CC/XDS):– SMPTE 334M ANC carried in SMPTE 436M for
MXF
![Page 26: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF/AS-PBSMXF Features
• OP1a
• Partitions no longer than 30 minutes
• Index Table segments in partition after the Essence they index
![Page 27: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF/AS-PBS Future
• To be defined:– HD Version– Archive version
![Page 28: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
MXF/AS-PBS
• Short “Golden Files” available
• Actual full-length program example to be distributed shortly (MPEG pre-charge issue being worked out)
• AS-PBS specification is available to those who want to see it, email:
![Page 29: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Library of Congress Stake
Carl Fleischhauer
National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation
Program
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Video Reformatting at the National Audio-Visual Conservation Center
![Page 31: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
![Page 32: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
From SMPTE 390M
![Page 33: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
![Page 34: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Concern for born-digital content
![Page 35: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
![Page 37: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Born digital examples(not moving image)
GIS
Still imageMark Yankus
Web harvest
![Page 38: Dave MacCarn WGBH Thomas Edwards PBS Carl Fleischhauer Library of Congress An Overview of MXF and the Search for the Video File Wrapper. NDIIPP Preserving.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022081520/56649d0a5503460f949dc113/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
http://www.ptvdigitalarchive.org/
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Preservation FormattingWorking Scorecard
• Interoperability very important• From-the-hip scorecards for
– Wrapper– Essence– Profiles/Application Specs– Metadata
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Wrapper Scorecard
• No-wrapper vs. with-wrapper• Proprietary vs. open specification• Sizing up ISO/IEC 15444-3
Motion JPEG 2000
• AAF/MXF is attractive
• How settled in the community? Moderately
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Picture Essence Scorecard
• MPEG (ITU-T) family– MPEG-2 (H.262)– MPEG-4 (H.263 but mostly H.264)– All I-frame possible (preservation value)
• JPEG 2000 family– Frame image encoding– Possible wrapper– Less adoption in still photography than some wish
• How settled in the community? Not bad, no need for one size to fit all
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Profile/App Spec Scorecard
• Important part of MPEG family from an early day– Several ISO/IEC profiles and levels– SMPTE added one for 4:2:2 @ high level
• MXF is complex– Will benefit from application specification– Good example from PBS discussed today
• JPEG 2000 family– Digital Cinema Initiative has established two profiles– LC has one for its newspaper scanning project
• How settled in the community? In the early stages
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Metadata Scorecard
• Metadata for management, support long-term preservation
• Technical characteristics– SMPTE RP-210 data dictionary (“parametrics”)– Public Broadcasting PB Core (“instantiation”)
• Preservation support– Includes preceding– Library community PREMIS project, e.g., fixity– Specifications, source code for readers/transformers
• How settled in the community? Not very
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Dave MacCarnWGBH
Thomas EdwardsPBS
Carl FleischhauerLibrary of Congress
Preserving DigitalPublic Television
http://www.ptvdigitalarchive.org/