BENEVOLENT IAS ACADEMY, COIMBATORE (DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS)

BENEVOLENT IAS ACADEMY

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Dated 16.12.2019

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IN NEWS Increase Lok Sabha seats to 1,000, says Pranab Mukherjee

EXAM POINT OF VIEW: GS Prelim & GS Mains II - Indian Polity – Parliament

Former President Pranab Mukherjee on Monday drew attention to the late Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee as a consensus builder, noting that the Indian electorate may have given strong majorities to different parties since 1952 but over 50% of them have never voted for one party. he said the last time the strength of the Lok Sabha was revised was in 1977, which, he noted, was based on the 1971 census that put the total population at 55 crore. “The population since then has more than doubled, and there is a ‘strong case’ to remove the freeze in the delimitation exercise. It should be ideally increased to 1,000,” he added.

Dear UPSC aspirants, upon considering the same the following points are essential to discuss

1) What is the duty of the Lok Sabha? 2) What about Lok Sabha seats and reservation in the commencement of constitution? 3) How many times it was revised and when? 4) Why the population census important? 5) How does the Indian election system work?

Point No. 1

The Lok Sabha also performs some electoral functions. The elected members of the Lok Sabha take part in the election of the President. Members of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha together elect the Vice-President of India.

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Point No. 2

The Lok Sabha or House of the People is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by adult universal suffrage and a first-past-the-post system to represent their respective constituencies, and they hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the President on the advice of the council of ministers. The house meets in the Lok Sabha Chambers of the Sansad Bhavan in New Delhi.

The maximum strength of the House allotted by the Constitution of India is 552. Currently, the house has 545 seats which is made up by the election of up to 543 elected members and at a maximum, 2 nominated members of the Anglo-Indian Community by the President of India. A total of 131 seats (24.03%) are reserved for representatives of Scheduled Castes (84) and Scheduled Tribes (47). The quorum for the House is 10% of the total membership. The Lok Sabha, unless sooner dissolved, continues to operate for five years from the date appointed for its first meeting. However, while a proclamation of emergency is in operation, this period may be extended by Parliament by law.

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Point No. 3

Delimitation commissions have been set up four times in the past — 1952, 1963, 1973 and 2002 — under Delimitation Commission Acts of 1952, 1962, 1972 and 2002. Up until 1976, after every Indian Census the seats of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and Vidhan Sabha were re-distributed respectively throughout the country so as to have equal population representation from every seat. The apportionment was done thrice in 1951, 1961 and 1971. However, during The Emergency, through Forty-second Amendment the government froze the total Parliamentary and Assembly seats in each state till 2001 Census

Even though the boundaries of constituencies were altered in 2001 to equate population among the parliamentary and assembly seats; the number of Lok Sabha seats that each state has remained unaltered since 1971 census and may only be changed after 2026 as the constitution was again amended (84th amendment to Indian Constitution) in 2002 to continue the freeze on total number of seats in each state till 2026. This was mainly done as states which had implemented family planning widely like Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Punjab would stand to lose many parliamentary seats representation and states with poor family planning programs and higher fertility rates like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Rajasthan would adversely gain many of the seats transferred from better performing states.

Point No. 4

Population census helps in the determining the number of people who can pay taxes which helps to estimate the amount of revenue that can be obtained from the sector. Forecasting the possible economic needs. Population census helps to forecast the country's economic needs, for example, electricity, housing, food, etc

Point No. 5

Candidates who win the Lok Sabha elections are called 'Member of Parliament' and hold their seats for five years or until the body is dissolved by the President on the advice of the council of ministers. Elections take place once in 5 years to elect 545 members for the Lok Sabha (Lower house).

BENEVOLENT IAS ACADEMY, COIMBATORE (DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS)

IN NEWS STRANDHOGG

EXAM POINT OF VIEW: GS Prelim & GS Mains III Cyber Security

The Union Home Ministry has sent an alert to all States warning them about the vulnerability of the Android operating system to a bug called ‘StrandHogg.’

StrandHogg allows real-time malware applications to pose as genuine applications and access user data of all kind.

About Indian Cybercrime Coordination Centre (I4C) scheme

The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) has rolled out a scheme ‘Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C)’ which is a 7-Pronged Scheme to combat cyber-crime in the country, in a coordinated and effective manner.

Components of The I4C Scheme o National Cybercrime Threat Analytics Unit (TAU) o National Cybercrime Reporting o Platform for Joint Cybercrime Investigation Team o National Cybercrime Forensic Laboratory (NCFL) Ecosystem o National Cybercrime Training Centre (NCTC) o Cybercrime Ecosystem Management Unit o National Cyber Research and Innovation Centre

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TNPSC|SSC|RRB|BANK

Vijay Diwas is celebrated on 16 December

The day aims to commemorate the victory of India over Pakistan in 1971. The day also a remembrance of the brave soldiers of India and Mukti Joddhas who sacrificed their lives for a noble cause.

Celebrations and events: ♦ To mark the day, a wreath-laying ceremony was held at Vijay Smarak at Fort William the Head Quarters of Eastern Command in Kolkata, West Bengal. ♦ A 3-day event was organized in Kolkata from 14-16 December. ♦ A delegation of Mukti Joddhas from Bangladesh and Indian war veterans are taking part in the celebrations. ♦ Vijay Diwas is a day for Remembrance of the brave soldiers and Mukti Joddhas who sacrificed their lives for a noble cause and also a day for taking pledged to save our homeland from any possible attack of external enemies.

Ministry of Coal to establish Sustainable

Development Cell Aim: The aim of the cell is to promote environmentally sustainable coal mining in India. It will also address environmental concerns during the decommissioning or closure of mines.

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Lahore – Wagah shuttle train service resumed after 22 years

The shuttle train service between Lahore and Wagah railway station resumed its operation on 15 December after a gap of 22 years. The service was inaugurated by Pakistan Railways Minister Sheikh Rashid. The train service was operated till 1997. It was closed due to certain operational and security.

Pakistan aims to start or revive the connection of Lahore metropolitan city with its suburbs through rail routes. Lahore-Wagah is the first step taken by the Pakistan government. The shuttle train is expected to be followed by another train from Lahore to Raiwind within the next 15 days. Shuttle train service: ♦ The service will provide a hassle-free commute to hundreds of visitors who intend to witness the flag hoisting and lowering ceremony at Wagah or visiting Jallo Park. ♦ The train completes three round trips daily ♦ It provides the travelling facility to over 1,000 passengers in three trips. The fare for a trip has been fixed at Pakistani Rupee (PKR) 30.

CBDT extended the date for advanced tax payment till Dec’ 31

The Central Board of Direct Taxation (CBDT) extended the deadline to make advance tax payments for the northeastern states in view of the protests against the amended Citizenship Act till 31 December 2019. Earlier, the deadline for the third installment of the Advance Tax for the financial year 2019-20 was set by 15 December. The advance tax payments, under the direct taxes category, are made four times in a financial year. Central Board of Direct Taxation (CBDT): CBDT was formed in 1860. It is headquartered in New Delhi. The government agency undertakes the direct tax collection of the government. It enforces various direct tax laws, including the Income-tax Act, 1961, to collect revenue for the government.

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