DATA MANAGEMENT:DATA MANAGEMENT:ATTRIBUTE COMPONENTATTRIBUTE COMPONENT

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DATABASE CONCEPTSDATABASE CONCEPTS

• collection of logical and implicit data• designed, built and populated with data for a

certain purpose• represents certain aspects• database model is used to describe it’s

structural concept.– data type, relationship and dependency

between data• a data management language to define the

data characteristics and the data structure and to manipulate the data

• instants are data in database at a certain period of time

LICENSE

D_APPR J_LICENSE PERIOD P_APPOVALNO_LICENSE NRIC

HAWKERS

NRIC OWNER NAME DOB ADDRESS GENDER

STALLS

SALES NRIC OWNER ADDRESS

SHOP OWNERS

NRIC OWNER NAME DOB ADDRESS GENDER

Schema model of Data Relationship

LAND PARCEL

LOT_NO VALUATION_PRICE TAX_RATE OWNERSHIP OWNER NAME

4479

194

2001

350

50,000

700,000

950,000

25

200

5,500

7,000

25

freehold

lease

lease

freehold

Farid

Sulaiman

Sharifah

Sulaiman

Database Instants

Structured Query Language (SQL)Structured Query Language (SQL)

• a non-procedural language• user specifies what must be done, but not how

it is to be done• uses algebra operations to perform queries• SQL has become the catalyst in the

development of client/server and distributed databases

• Basic forms of SQL:SELECT <attribute list>FROM <relationship list>WHERE <conditions>

LICENSE

T YEAR LICENSE PERIOD APPROVALLICENSE_NO NRIC_HAWKER

423193701311

4805637554743060004393776519

1983199219901987

makananmakanansurat khabarsurat khabar

2002005050

AliSamadSamadAli

STORE

CATEGORY NRIC HAWKER ADDRESS

buah-buahansurat khabar

makananmakanan

4805637600043939541975547430

Jln Tembaga Kuning, Sri SkudaiJln Ronggeng, Skudai BaruJln Tembaga Merah, Sri SkudaiJln Timah, Sri Putri

HAWKER

NRIC HAWKER NAME DOB ADDRESS GENDER

788901260001392671900

RazaliAminahHassan

08.11.6504.04.4827.03.47

45 Jln Timah 2, Sri Putri2 Jln Timah 18 Sri Putri14 Jln Emas 2, Sri Skudai

lelakiperempuanlelaki

Database Instants

Obtain license number and IC no. of licensee

SELECT LICENSE_NO, NRIC_LICENSEEFROM LICENSEE

WHERE LICENSE = “MAKANAN”

select tuple from relationship LICENSEEthat fulfills the condition on attribute LICENSE_NO andNRIC_LICENSEE

SQL QUERY: EXAMPLE 1 SQL QUERY: EXAMPLE 1

SQL QUERY: EXAMPLE 2 – Lab SQL QUERY: EXAMPLE 2 – Lab Exercise 2 – Waqf project Exercise 2 – Waqf project

BENEFITS OF DATABASEBENEFITS OF DATABASE

• connector between program and data

• redundancy control

• data sharing

• data security