Data Communication Basic Networking

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DATA COMMUNICATION

AND BASIC NETWORKINGSheryl May C. Jagonia


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Learning Objective

Define Data Communication

Define the term Bandwidth

Define the term Attenuation

Define the term Protocol

Identify the different types of Data

ransmission ChannelsIdentify Basic Components of a Data

Communication !ystem


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Learning Objective "cont#d$%

& Identify he different types of Conducted

'edia

&Identify different (inds of )adiated 'edia

& Identify * types of Communication

'edium

& Identify different types of ProcessingConfigurations

& Define +etwor(


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Learning Objective "cont#d$%

& Define +etwor(ing

& Define +etwor( Interface Card "+IC%

& Identify different +etwor( Classifications& Identify * most important Characteristics

of a +etwor(

& Define and differentiate ,ireless and'obile +etwor(

& Discuss -enerations of Cellular +etwor(s


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DATA COMMUNICATIONDEFINITION

opic .


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,hat is DataCommunication/


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elecommunication

Data Co!ni"ation is the

electronic transfer of data from

one location to another$

012 03collaboration of ,eb04 "www$webe1$com%
http://www.webex.com/http://www.webex.com/


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DEFINING TERMS

opic *


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,hat is a

Bandwidth/


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,hat is

Attenuation/


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,hat is a Protocol/


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ypes o a a ransm ss onChannel

Broa'(an'6 multiple pieces ofdata are sent simultaneously to increase

the transmission rateNarro)(an'6 a voice3grade

transmission channel capable of

transmitting a ma1 of 789::: bps


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BASIC COM$ONENTS OF ADATA COMMUNICATION

opic 5


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as c omponen s o a a aCommunication !ystem

!ender and )eceiver Devices

+etwor( Devices

Communication medium

"channel%


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.% !ender and )eceiver Devices

Personal computer

!mart phones

'obile phones

PDA

'p5 player

-ame consoles


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*% +etwor( Devices

'odem

)outers;ub

!witch


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'odem

Mo'e3is a device

that converts adigital signal to

an analog

signal and vice

versa


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)outers

Ro!ter*3enable

computers tocommunicate and they

can pass information

between two networ(s


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!witch

S)it"he*3can send and

receive information atthe same time9 so they

can send information

faster than hubs can$

3switches weremuch more e1pensive


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Digital !ubscriber Line "D!L%

Digital !ubscriber Line "D!L%

Asymmetric Digital !ubscriber

Line "AD!L %6download speed ishigher than upload speed$

!ymmetric Digital !ubscriber

Line "!D!L%6 download speed ise=ual to upload speed$


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5% Communication 'edia

Also (nown as Channels

Connect senders and receivers

devices

* ypes2

oConducted 'edia 6 wired or guided

o)adiated 'edia 3 wireless


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T#$ES OF CONDUCTEDMEDIA

opic >


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wisted3Pair Cable

Consists of two

copper lines twisted

around each other

Can be shielded andunshielded

?sed in telephone

networ( and

communication within

buildings


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Coa1ial Cable

hic( cable

?sed in data and

voice transmissions

?sed mainly for longdistance telephone

transmissions and

local are networ(s


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@iber Optic Cable

?ses glass tubes as the

core and a glass called

cladding to form a light

path through wirecables

;as higher capacity9

smaller sie9 lighter

weight9 highest security

;as highest bandwidth


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)adiated 'edia

?se antenna for transmitting data

through air and water

012Broadcast )adio

errestrial 'icrowave

!atellite


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T#$ES OF COMMUNICATIONMEDIUM

opic 8

ypes of Communication


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ypes of Communication

'edium

Point3to3Point !ystem

'ultipoint !ystem


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T#$ES OF $ROCESSINGCONFIGURATIONS

opic


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Centralied Processing

Processing is done at one central computer$

A',antage2 01ercise tight control onsystem operations and applications

Di*a',antage2 Lac( of responsivenessto user#s needs


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Decentralied Processing

0ach user9 department or division has itsown computer for performing processing

tas($

A',antage2 'ore responsive to usersthan centralied processing

Di*a',antage2 Lac( of coordinationamong organiational unit9 high cost9

duplication of efforts


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Distributed Processing

'aintains centralied control and decentraliedoperations$

A',antage2 'ore responsive to users9 morereliable9 fault tolerant9 reduce cost "sharing

resources%

Di*a',antage2 Dependence on communicationtechnology9 incompatibility between

e=uipmentEs9 challenging networ( management


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,hat is a +etwor(/


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+etwor(

A net)or-can be defined as two or more computersconnected together in such a way that they can

share resources$

A resource may be2

A file

A folder

A printer

A dis( driveOr just about anything else that e1ists on a

computer


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,hat is +etwor(ing/


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+etwor(ing

Net)or-ingis the term that

describes the processes involved in

designing9 implementing9upgrading9 managing and

otherwise wor(ing with networ(s

and networ( technologies$


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Advantages of +etwor(ing

Connectivity and Communication

Data !haring

;ardware !haring

Internet Access

Internet Access !haring

Data !ecurity and 'anagement

Performance 0nhancement and Balancing

0ntertainment


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Disadvantage of +etwor(ing

+etwor( ;ardware9 !oftware and !etup

Costs

;ardware and !oftware 'anagement and

Administration Costs

?ndesirable !haring

Illegal or ?ndesirable BehaviorData !ecurity Concerns


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+etwor( Interface Card "+IC%

Net)or- intera"e "ar' /NIC06 +IC is a circuit board that

fits in one of the

computer#s internale1pansion slots$ It contains

circuitry that handles

sending9 receiving9 and

error chec(ing oftransmitted data$

Basic Co1onent* of a


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Basic Co1onent*of a+etwor(

Ser,er6 !erver computer is a core component of the networ(9

providing a lin( to the resources necessary to performany tas(

Client6 Client computers normally re=uest and receive

information over the networ( client. Client computersalsodepends primarily on the central server forprocessing activities

Cir"!it6 Circuit is composed of cables9 ports and other devices

that connects the !erver computer and Clientcomputers$


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Fey Points

wo of the most important

characteristics of a networ( are

the2Si2e

Sha1e$


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+etwor( Classification

& Local Area +etwor( "LA+%

& 'etropolitan Area +etwor( "'A+%

& ,ide Area +etwor( ",A+%

& ,orldwide Interoperability for

'icrowave Access ",i'a1%


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Local Area +etwor(


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Local Area +etwor(

A *egent is a portion of a LA+

in which all nodes are directlyconnected$


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'etropolitan Area +etwor(


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,ide Area +etwor(


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,i'a1


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WIRE&ESS AND MOBI&ENETWORK

opic G


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Differentiate a,ireless +etwor( and

a 'obile +etwor(

Ad t f ,+ d '+


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Advantages of ,+ and '+

'obility

@le1ibility

0ase of Installation

Low Cost

Di d t f ,+ d '+


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Disadvantages of ,+ and '+

Limited throughput

Limited )ange

In3Building Penetration Problems

Hulnerability of @re=uency +oise

!ecurity


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!I'ILA)II0!

Both ,LA+s and ,,A+s enablecomputing devices to communicate

with other devices or networ(s at any

time and from any location$

Both ,LA+s and ,,A+s rely on the

)@ spectrum as the communicationmedium but they differ in areas


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W&AN 3 WWAN DIFFERENCES


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Coverage

W&AN* WWAN*

About .:: meters 'uch wider areacapable of regional9nationwide9 or

international range


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!peed

W&AN* WWAN*

,ith the G:*$..bwireless standard orup to 7>'bps and

.::'bps

Depending on thetechnology9 couldvary from ..7Fbps

to .>'bps


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Data !ecurity

W&AN* WWAN*

?sually lower than,,A+s

?sually higher than,LA+s

'obile +etwor(s hree3part


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'obile +etwor(s hree partArchitecture

Ba*e Station

3!end and receive

transmissions to and from

subscribers



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Mo(ile Tele1hone S)it"hing

Oi"e /MTSO0

3ransfer calls between

national or global phone networ(sand base stations



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S!(*"ri(er

3Connect to base stations

by using mobile communication

devices


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GENERATIONS OF CE&&U&ARNETWORKS

opic J


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.-


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.-

Analog transmission

with limited

bandwidth


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* 7-


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*$7-

Added pac(et3switchingtechnology9 which

transmits data pac(ets

over radio signals

different from the phone

system#s circuit3

switching technology9

which transmits data asa continuous stream of

bits

5-


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5-

!upports

transmission of

high3=uality

multimedia data9including data9

voice9 and videos

>-


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>-

Providesbroadband9 large3

capacity9 high3

speed datatransmission and

high =uality

interactivemultimedia

services

Data Communication Basic Networking

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