Dams & Reservoirs servefora BetterWorld
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Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management 1 Dams for a better world Austrian Committee on Dams Dams & Reservoirs serve for a Better World Gerald Zenz Graz University of Technology Chair of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management ICOLD - Vice President – Europe; ATCOLD - President
Transcript of Dams & Reservoirs servefora BetterWorld
Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
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Dams for a better worldAustrian Committee on Dams
Dams & Reservoirsserve for a
Better WorldGerald Zenz
Graz University of TechnologyChair of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management
ICOLD - Vice President – Europe; ATCOLD - President
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Content of Presentation
Necessity of Dams – Contribution to Prosperity– Irrigation; Water supply– Energy Production– Flood Mitigation
Development - Austrian National Committee on Large Dams- Academic Education – Hydraulic Engineering
Role of ICOLD – Dam Safety Declaration- National and Technical Committee‘s Contribution
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Pic.:
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- Hydropower- Flood Mitigation / Irrigation- Reservoirs – Snow Production- Navigation - Recreation- Improving flow conditions during
dry conditions
Role of Dams
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Climate Change - World Energy Demand1971 to 2014 (in Mtoe ~ 11,6 TWh )
Source: IEA, https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/KeyWorld2016.pdf
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CO2 Emission – [t/GWh] electricity [g/kWh]
Source: Hydro Quebec; CHINCOLD – J. Jia 280
267
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16
5
6
5.1
3.3
205
170
18
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3
3
2.5
1.6
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
Hydropower with reservior
Hydropower Run of river
Windpower
Nuclear
Biomass Plantations
Solar Photovoltaic
Coal in conventional plant
Coal in CO2 capture/storage
Energy Payback Ratio low estimationhigh estimation
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Electricity Map – Europe – CO2 emissions [g/kWh]
§ TrafficCar 0,30kWh /km–500g CO2 /kWh–150g CO2 /km
§ Diesel car–100g CO2 /km
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Electricity Production / Consumption, GermanyJan 2017
High VolatilityFlexibility
Storage CapacityPumped Hydro Plants
Growing Energy Demand
Sustainable Hydro - Renewable - PV – Wind - Hydro
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High Head Pumped Storage Schemes
Capacity Total Hydro – 14 120 MWHigh Head Power Plants / Pumping – 9400 MW / 5200MW
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Kaprun – Limberg / Mooserboden
Hydro PowerFlood ProtectionDrinking WaterIrrigation
Safety ConceptStructuralMonitoringOperation
Risk AssessmentStructural SafetyRisk Management Education
Pic.:
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Flood Protection with Reservoirs
Essential Contribution toflood protection andretention
Run-of-River Plants
Reservoir Power Plants
Run Off – Retention andRetention Reservoirs
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Pumped Storage Scheme – Limberg II
Power Cavern - 2 x 240 MWHeadrace Tunnel - Øi 6.20 m, Lg. 4kmInclined Shaft - Øi 4.80 m, Lg. 0.6 kmDesign Flow – QA=144m3/s
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13Hydro Power Potential – 15TWh – app. 42TWh existing
Source: PÖYRY - VEÖ Wasserkraftpotentialstudie Österreichhttp://www.energiestrategie.at/images/stories/pdf/36_veo_08_wasserkraftpotenzial.pdf
Total of developed potential [GWh]
Reduced technical - economic residual potential [GWh]
68%
24%
4% 4%Hydropower
Thermal: Fossilfuels andderivativesThermal: Biofuels
Electricity – Share (2015)
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Smart Cities - Smart Hydropower – Mur-Graz – River Hydro Power
Electricity from RenewableSources
Hydrology– Oecological flow
Fish Migration– Up- and downward
Morphology– Continuity
Flood protection
RecreationGreen City
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Dam Safety – Large DamsHistorical Development in Austria
Pic.: H.Czerny
§ 1916 a flood mitigation reservoir embankment dam failed during heavy rainfallcaused a lot of victims and economic losses
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Dam Safety – Large DamsHistorical Development in Austria
Pic.: H.Czerny
§ 1916 a flood mitigation reservoir embankment dam failed during heavy rainfallcaused a lot of victims and economic losses
§ 1918 “Austrian Dam Commission” (ADC) was foundedto avoid such disasters in the future
§ This commission is a panel of experts in all fields of Dam Engineering. Must be consulted by authorities in cases of new dam projects.
§ Dam Height > 15m or reservoir capacity > 500.000m3.
• 1928 – Founding - International Commission on Large Dams -ICOLD
• 1931 – First General Assembly Meeting of ICOLD –
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State of the Art Guidelines – Dams are different from other Civil Structures
Austrian Dam Commission elaborate specific guidelines
Guidelinestability evaluation concrete dams
Guidelinestability evaluation embankment dams
Guidelineflood estimation safe flood control
Guidelinecontrol centerssupervisingremote controlling
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Structure - Safe Dams
ATCOLD / Dam Safety Expert Seminar / Melbinger
Number of large dams in Austria§ 85 dams - energy (to 200m)§ 42 dams - snowmaking (to 40m) § 23 dams - flood mitigation
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Flood Events – Mitigation Measures
Development of Strategies to optimize flood risk management in Styria
Wasserwirtschaft, Ressourcen und NachhaltigkeitAmt der steiermärkischen Landesregierung
Quelle Abb.:NEWSAT, http://www.news.at/a/bilder-oesterreich-hochwasser-244897 (Stand 23.06.2014)
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Areas with Potential Significant Flood Risk
Intermediate Flood Risk Assessment - 2011 (acc. Article 5, EU HWRL)
55 APSFR (Areas with potential significant flood risk)
Length: ~ 525 km
Quelle Abb.: Vorläufige Bewertung des Hochwasserrisikos 2011, www.bmlfuw.gv.at (Stand 06.05.2014)
Min. HQ30-ProtectionExistingpartly existingnot existing
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1990: 24 RHB - Retention app. 4,4 Mio m3
1999: 70 RHB - Retention app. 9,0 Mio m3
2015: 114 RHB - Retention app. 15,0 Mio m3Presentation: P.Paar / R.Hornich
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Research - EFFORS – Enhanced Flood Forecasting
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Graz University of Technology
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International Aspect - World Wide ~ 60000 Large Dams
Single PurposeDams ~ 30000
50% Irrigation20% Hydro Power
Source: ICOLD https://www.icold-cigb.org/GB/world_register/general_synthesis.asp
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ICOLD Technical Committees
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Create Network – encourage attandance to ICOLD meetingsProvide opportunity for knowledge transfer to next generation
Provide platform for Young Engineers to exchangeInspire Young Engineers to be active in National Committees
Pic.: ICOLD
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Dams for a better worldAustrian Committee on Dams
2018
Guido MAZZA
2021
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Dam SafetyVP Michel Lino
2017-2019 : a bad seriesFeb 2017 : Oroville (USA)May 2018 : Ituango (Colombia)
May 2018 : Patel (Kenya)
June 2018 : Xe Namnoy (Laos)
Aug 2018 : Swar Shaum (Myamar)
Jan 2019 : Brunadinho (Brazil)
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Research and Future Needs
Design Criteria – Regulations – ICOLD BulletinsSurveillance – Maintenance – Renewal Licence – Long term performance
Selection of Dam TypeCFRD – Fill dam with concrete surface sealingRCC – Gravity dam with continuous concrete placementNew MaterialsOptimization of Geometry – Digitalization – Numerical Models
Interaction – Water – Structure – Flexibility - StrengthNumerical Methods play a significant role – ICOLD Benchmarks
Organizations National Committee‘s on Large DamsICOLD – International Commission on Large DamsKnowledge Transfer
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Picture: Alpine
o be
ware of
ultiple benefits &
ustainable effects
