Damona Doye Dave Shideler Larry D. Sanders 8 May 2012 OSU CENTRA Presentation
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Trends in Oklahoma Agriculture & Rural Demographics:Communicating with New Ag Producers: How to Reach Them, How to Teach Them
OK Chapter of Soil and Water Conservation SocietyDamona DoyeDave Shideler
Larry D. Sanders8 May 2012 OSU CENTRA Presentation
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21992 1997 2002 2007
0100002000030000400005000060000700008000090000
100000Number of Farms in Oklahoma, 1992 to 2007
Year
Num
ber o
f Far
ms
1992 1997 2002 20070
2000000400000060000008000000
1000000012000000140000001600000018000000
Total Cropland vs Harvested Cropland, Ok-lahoma, 1992 to 2007
Total Cropland
Harvested Cropland
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Less $9,999
$10,000 to $49,9999
$50000 to $99,999
$100,000 to $499,999
$500,000 or more
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
Farms by Value of Sales,Oklahoma 1992 to 2007
1992
1997
2002
2007
Value of Sales ($)
Num
ber o
f Far
ms
1 to 50 50 to 179
180 to 499
500 to 999
1000 to 1999
2000 or more
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
Size of Oklahoma Farms in Acres, 1992 to 2007
1992
1997
2002
2007
Number of Acres per Farm
Num
ber o
f Far
ms
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1992 1997 2002 20070
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
Ownership of Farms, Oklahoma, 1992 to 2007
FullPartTenants
Year
Num
ber o
f far
ms
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35,00010,500
11,000950 550
1 - 49 Head
50 - 99 Head
100 - 499 Head
500 - 999 Head
1000 + Head
Source: NASS, 2007
OK Farms and Ranches with Cattle by Size of Operation (Number)
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Full owner Part Owner Tenant0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
Ownership of Farms Operated by Women, Oklahoma, 2002 to 2007
20022007
Num
ber o
f Far
ms
Less than $2500
$2500 to $4999
$5000 to $9999
$10000 to
$24999
$25000 to
$49999
$50000 or more
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Economic Class of Farms Operated by Women, Oklahoma, 2002 to 2007
20022007
Ecoomic Class in $
Num
ber o
f Far
ms
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7Less than 50 50 to 179 180 to 499 500 or more
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino Origin Principal Operators
Size of Oklahoma Farms (acres)
20022007
Acres
Num
ber o
f Far
mrs
Less than
$2500
$2500 to
$4999
$5000 to
$9999
$10000 to
$24999
$25000 to
$49999
$50000 or more
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Economic Class of Oklahoma Farms by Race
American Indian or Alaska Native
Asian
Black or African American
Value of farm
Num
ber o
f far
ms
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Beginning farmers: about one-fifth of all farms; some established farms operated jointly by beginning farmers, 2009
Beginning farmers and ranchers account for 10% of production.30% had no production in 2009, compared to 23% of established farms.Slide courtesy of M. Ahearn, ERS, USDA, 20612
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Share of farms in a county that are beginning farms
Source: 2007 Census of Agriculture.; Slide courtesy of M. Ahearn, ERS, USDA, 20612
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Sources of land ownership for beginning and established farms
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Personal characteristics of Beginning Farmers
• Most principal operators of beginning farms are white (90%, compared to 93% for established farms), nonHispanic (94%, compared to 98%) and male (83%, compared to 90%).
• One-third are age 55 or older, compared to 70% of established operators
• Two-thirds of beginning farmers have a major occupation other than farming, compared to 37% of established operators
Source: 2009 USDA ARMS.
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Beginning Farmers and Type of ProductionGrains and oilseeds
Specialty crops
Other crops
Cattle
Dairy
Hogs and pigs
Poultry and eggs
Sheeps and goats
Other animals
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%
before 1998
1998-2002
2003-2007
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Beginning Farmer and Involvement in Community Agriculture
Operator Started
2003-2007 1998-2002Prior to
1998
% with direct sales 7% 8% 6%
% of total direct sales 10% 14% 76%
% with organic sales 1% 1% 1%
% of total organic sales 12% 15% 73%
% with recreational
services income 1% 1% 1%
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Oklahoma Farm Land Prices agecon.okstate.edu/oklandvalues
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Change in number of farms with 100 acres or fewer1992-2007
1 84 72 31 98
62
18
158
5
64
27
79
37
48
105
70
11
8
66
45
63
192
40
68
117
105
299
360
168
20
132
106
422316
463426
458
436248
276
454205
1 to 100
101 to 199
200 to 399
> 400 83
72
112414
428
560
609
158244145
248
117108
49
264100143
156104
199366 378 374
135
279
162307363
218267
310 265
124
170
259
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Percentage Cropland Acres Changed – 1992 to 2007
% of change -91.3 - -30.6
-30.5 - -20.6
-20.5 - -11.6
-11.5 - -0.9
1.0 - 18
422Payne
453Lincoln
458Cleve.
426Ok.
436McC.
454Pott.
609Creek
560Rogers
428LeFl.
414McCur.
400+: Indicates counties with change in number of
farms with 100 or fewer acres,
1992-2007
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Conclusions• Who are beginning producers?
– 2/3 under age 55– Buying land from nonrelatives– Little interest in local
marketing/organic farming– Likely small-scale livestock
producers– Continue full time nonfarm
employment• Where are they coming from?
– Both native OK and other states (Texas, California, Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, Florida, Colorado, Georgia, Arizona, Illinois)
• What are their backgrounds?– Farm background as children– Nonfarm background completely
new to agriculture– Some are refugees from
economic meltdown – Some are refugees from urban
lifestyles– Some are mid-career
professionals who want to return to farms
– Some are “Mother Earth News” fans seeking a simpler life
– Some are transitioning to retirement & semi-retirement
• What are their needs?– Funds– Education