Dam Safety Insts.inhydro

7/28/2019 Dam Safety Insts.inhydro

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DAM SAFETYINSTRUMENTATION IN HYDRO



CRACK & J OINT METERS



J OINT METER

Application

Jointmeter is designed for use acrossconstruction joint such as those between

adjacent blocks in a concrete dam. It is normally embedded across the joint to

monitor the expansion or contraction of the

joint. The use of internal universal joint allows for a

degree of shearing motion.



(A )J OINT METER



( B ) STRAND METER



STRAND METER

APPLICATION :-

Strandmeter is designed to measure strains intendons and steel cable.

Two clamps at each end of the strandmeter

hold it firmly on to the cable . Various size clamps are available



CRACK & J OINT METER

APPLICATION:-

Crackmeter is intended to measure movementacross surface crack and joints.

It is installed by grouting ,or bonding two

threaded anchors (with ball joint) on oppositesides of the crack and than attaching the endsof the gage to the anchors.



(C ) CRACK &J OINT METER



MINIATURE CRACK METER

APPLICATION:-

Miniature crackmeter intended to measuredisplacements across surface crack and

joints.

It has been specially designed for applications

where access is limited where monitoringinstrumentation is to be as unobtrusive aspossible.



(D ) MINIATURE CRACK METER



CONVERGENCE METER

APPLICATION:-

CONVERGENCE METER IS USED TO MONITORCLSURES IN UNDERGROUND EXCAVATION ,

TUNNELS , ETC.

IT IS COMPRISED OF A SPRING TENSIONED TRANSDUCER, TURNBUCKLE, CONNECTING ROD (STAINLESS STEEL,FIBERGLASS OR GRAPHITE) ROD

CLAMP, AND A PAIR OF STAINLESS STEEL EYEBOLTS.

TRANSDUCER LENGTH:- 360 TO 1260 MM



(E ) CONVERGENCE METER



LONG RANG DISPLACEMENTMETER

APPLICATION:-

Is ideally suited for the measurement of largedisplacements associated with landslides.

Can also be used for monitoring themovement of boulder, snow etc, on unstableslopes.



(F) LONG RANG DISPLACEMENTMETER



SOIL STRAINMETER WITHFLANGED ENDS

APPLICATION:-

Is designed to measure longitudinal deformation in

dam and embankments.

It can also be grouted or held in place by hydraulicanchors to measure deformations in boreholes (

over the gage length ).

Gage length from 0.5 to 100 meters .



(G) SOIL STRAINMETER WITHFLANGED ENDS



DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCER

APPLICATION:-

Is provides remote readout capabilityfor borehole

extensometers. They are particularly useful where other types of

vibrating wire sensors are used and / or forinstallations where long runs are required.

Can also be installed between conjunction with therequisite length connecting rod, to provide apermanent, in place incremental extensometer.



(H ) DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCER



EXTENSOMETERS



Flexible rod extensometer

Application:-

Flexible extensometer uses continuous-specified lengths of fiberglass rods (in sideprotective tubing), cut to a requirement.

The extensometer is lightweight, making iteasier to handle for installation .

Maximum length :- 100 meters.



(A) FLEXIBLE RODEXTENSOMETER



RETRIEVABLE EXTENSOMETER

APPLICATION:-

Is desingned to measure deformations in boreholes

in rock, concrete, and other construction materials.

The can be used in pile load test studies, plate

jacking tests and virtually any application where ahole can be drilled or a pipe can be cast in to thestructure being studied.



(B) RETRIEVABLEEXTENSOMETER



DIFFERENT TYPE OF ANCHORS

APPLICATION:-

A) Borros type hydraulic anchor:- For use in soft

soils and clays, especially in augered boreholes.

B) Groutable anchor:- The preferred anchor for use

in downward-directed boreholes. The preassembledextensometer is installed in the borehole and is thenfilled with cement grout.



Cont.

C) Hydraulic anchor:- For use in roughboreholes in rock and soft ground,especiallyif dilations and contractions of the borehole

are anticipated .

D) Snap-ring anchor :- For use in hard or

competent rock where smooth uniformboreholes can be drilled. The simplicity of thedesign allows for quick and easy installation.



(C) DIFFERENT TYPES OFANCHORS



HEAVE/SETTLEMENT POINTS

APPLICATION:-

Is to measure vertical movements in

foundation soils during and subsequent toconstruction.

The heave/settlement point consists of a three – prong anchor, ¼ inch standard inner pipe,and a 1inch standard outer pipe.



(D) HEAVE/SETTLEMENT POINTS



TYPES OF MEASUREMENTS

A) Digital depth micrometer:- Readout of borehole extensometers is made on a digitalcounter after manual adjustment of the

thimble.

B) Dail indicator :- Used for quick and easy

readout of borehole extensometers. Accuracyis 0.01 mm, standard range is 50 mm.



Cont.

C) Linear potentiometer:- Utilizes a sturdy 6.5 mmdiameter rod which protrudes from both ends as theactuating shaft.This also use for mechanical check

on the readings.

D) VW Displacement Transducer:- Is providesremote readout for extensometers.They areparticularly useful where other types of VW sensorsare used and where long cable runs are required.



(E) TYPES OF MEASUREMENTS



TAPE EXTENSOMETER

APPLICATION:-

Is designed to measure small changes in the distancebetween opposite walls or between the roof and floor of

excavations, tunnels, or mine openings.

It can also used to monitor deformation in structures andsupports and to measure movements of unstable slopes.

Readout is provided electronically via a front panel LCD.



(F) TAPE EXTENSOMETER



MAGNETIC EXTENSOMETER

APPLICATION:-

Is designed to measure settlement or heave of softground under the influence of loading or unloading

due to the construction of embankments ,fills,buildings, foundations, and structures.

A probe is lowered inside a telescoping guide tube to

detect and measure the position of magneticanchors located around the guide tube at variousdepths along the borehole or with in the fill.



(G) MAGNETIC EXTENSOMETER



INCLINOMETERS



INCLINOMETER PROBE

APPLICATION:-

Is used in conjunction with inclinometer casing for the measurement of lateral earth movements which might occur in unstable slopes, landslides, dam and roadway embankments, and landfills.

They are also used to measure deflections in the walls of excavation,shafts, tunnels, and in caissons , piles and sheet piling.

The probe consists of a waterproof stainless steel housing containing twoforce-balanced servo-accelerometers with an output of five volts at 30

degree.



INCLINOMETER PROBE



SPIRAL INDICATOR

APPLICATION:-

Is uses a flex-gate magnetometer to measure anyspiraling of inclinometer casing.

The 6005 is lowered into the casing on the end of standard inclinometer cable connected to the GK-603 inclinometer readout box.

The instrument provides a direct reading of thecasing grooves at any point along the casing.



(A) SPIRAL INDICATOR



HORIZONTAL INCLINOMETER

APPLICATION:-

Horizontal inclinometer is measures differential

settlement along the length of the casing.

Standard range ;- + - 53 DEGREE.

Casing size I.D 61 TO 89 MM. Temperature range :- 0 degree to + 50 degree.

( )



(B) HORIZONTALINCLINOMETER PROBE



INCLINOMETER DATA



BOREHOLE PRESSURE CELLSMEASUREMENTS



BOREHOLE PRESSURE CELL

APPLICATION:-

Is used to measure rock stress changes and isdesigned to the grouted inside a borehole.

The BPC is manufactured from two steel platesweled together around their periphery.

The plates are deformed into a” dog bone’ configuration so that they can be expanded easilywithout damage to the welds.



Cont.

Hydraulic oil fills the space between the twoplates and high-pressure stainless steel tubeconnects the plates to a stainless steelpressure gage and/ or a pressure transducer.

Size of borehole:- 57mm.



A. BOREHOLE PRESSURE CELL

VIBRATING WIRE BOREHOLE



VIBRATING WIRE BOREHOLESTRESSMETERS

APPLICATION:-

Are designed to measure stress changes in rock and

can be installed in boreholes up to 100 feet deep.

The stressmeter consists of a high strength steel

proving ring wedged tightly across one diameterinside a borehole and a vibrating wire tensionedacross the other diameter inside the stressmeter.



Cont.

Changes in rock stress cause a relatedchange in the resonant frequency of vibrationof the tensioned wire providing output whichis read by the readout box.

B VIBRATING WIRE BOREHOLE



B. VIBRATING WIRE BOREHOLESTRESSMETER

VIBRATING WIRE BIAXIAL



VIBRATING WIRE BIAXIALSTRESSMETER

APPLICATION:-

Is designed to measure compressive stress changes in rock,salt, concrete or ice.

Three or six vibrating wire sensors oriented at 60 degreeinternals allow the principal stress changes to be measuredin the plane perpendicular to the stressmeter axis.

The stressmeter consists of a high strength steel cylinderwhich is grouted in to a BX 60mm size borehole.

C VIBRATING WIRE BIAXIAL



C. VIBRATING WIRE BIAXIALSTRESSMETER

VIBRATING WIRE SISC



VIBRATING WIRE SISCBOREHOLE STRESSMETER

APPLICATION:-

The SISC is pre-loaded by wedging it into a largesize diamond drill hole using an integral screw

mechanism or hydraulic piston and can be set tomeasure both tensile and/ or compression stresschanges.

It has been used successfully in 152 mm diameterovercoring holes to measure Aggregate/AlkaliReactions in concrete dams.

C VIBRATING WIRE SISC



C. VIBRATING WIRE SISCBOREHOLE STRESSMETER



CONCRETE STRESSMETER

APPLICATION:-

The vibrating wire load cell measures the

load imposed on the inner concrete cylinderby stresses in the surrounding concrete.

This load , when divided by the crosssectional area of the inner cylinder, gives thestress in the surrounding concrete.



D. CONCRETE STRESSMETER

BOREHOLE DEFORMATION



BOREHOLE DEFORMATION

GAGE

APPLICATION:-

Used to measure in situ rock stresses using

the overcoring technique in rock that iscompetent and elastic.

It is also useful for determining the inherentstability of pit slopes, foundation excavations,mine pillars and abutments.

E BOREHOLE DEFORMATION



E. BOREHOLE DEFORMATIONGAGE



SETTLEMENT SYSTEM



SETTLEMENT SYSTEM

APPLICATION:-

Is designed for the remote measurement of surface orsubsurface settlement in fills, surchanges, dams,

embankments, etc.

A borehole is drilled which allows a pressure transducer tobe anchored to solid ground below the area of settlement.

A fluid filled tube extends upward connecting the transducerto a reservoir which is located in the moving strata or fill.



Cont.

The measurement of fluid press indicates theelevation difference between the sensor and thereservoir.

This design eliminates the need for long liquid filledtubes.

Standard Ranges :- 7,17,35 meters.

Temperature Ranges :- _20 degree to + 80 degree.

Length × diameter :- 305×60 mm (reservoir), 191×35 mm (sensor)



A .SETTLEMENT SYSTEM.

PRESSURE TRANSDUCER



ATTACHED TO A SETTLEMENT

PLATE APPLICATION:-

The settlement plate located in the settling ground.

The sensor is connecting , via two fluid filled tubes extendinglaterally, to a reservoir located on firm ground away from thearea of anticipated movement.

Fluid pressure within the tubes is sensed by the transducerwhich provides a measure of the elevation difference betweenthe sensor and the reservoir.

The tubes are flush-able.



Cont.

Standard Ranges:- 7, 17 meter.

Temperature Ranges :- -20 degree to +80degree.

Length× diameter :- 152× 51 mm(reservoir), 191× 35 mm (sensor)

B. PRESSURE TRANSDUCER



ATTACHED TO A SETTLEMENT

PLATE



SETTLEMENT PROFILER

APPLICATION:-

Consists of a pressure transducer inside a torpedo which isconnected by a long liquid filled tube to a liquid reservoir.

The torpedo is pulled through a pipe buried in a fill,surcharge, embankment, etc.

The transducer gives a measure of the elevation profile of the

pipe relative to the reservoir located on stable ground.

The liquid tube is stored on a reel.



C. SETTLEMENT PROFILER

HIGH SENSITIVITY



HIGH SENSITIVITYSETTLEMENT SYSTEM

APPLICATION:-

Consists of a series of vessels containing liquid levelsensors interconnected by a liquid filled tube.

A reference vessel is positioned at a stable benchmark location with additional vessels positioned atdifferent location at approximately the sameelevation.

The differential settlement or heave between anyvessel and the reference vessel results in anapparent rise or fall of the liquid level in that vessel.

D HIGH SENSITIVITY



D. HIGH SENSITIVITYSETTLEMENT SYSTEM

PRECISION SETTLEMENT



PRECISION SETTLEMENTMONITORING SYSTEM

APPLICATION:-

System was designed to measure differentialsettlements with a very high degree of accuracy and resolution, making it suitablefor applications of a highly critical naturewhere the expected settlement are small.

E PRECISION SETTLEMENT



E. PRECISION SETTLEMENTMONITORING SYSTEM



STRAIN GAGE

MEASUREMENT



STRAIN GAGE



B. FIBER OPTIC STARIN GAGE

C DYNAMIC STARIN



C. DYNAMIC STARIN TRANSDUCER

S G G



D. STRAIN GAGE

E MODIFIED STRAIN GAGE



E. MODIFIED STRAIN GAGE

F STRAIN GAGES



F. STRAIN GAGES

G HIGH TEMPERATURE



G. HIGH TEMPERATUREEMBEDMENT STRAIN GAGE

H REBAR STRAINMETER



H. REBAR STRAINMETER

I. FIBER OPTIC REBAR



I. FIBER OPTIC REBAR

STRAINMETER



EARTH PRESSURE CELLS

A EARTH PRESSURE CELL



A. EARTH PRESSURE CELL

B ANOTHER PRESSURE CELL



B. ANOTHER PRESSURE CELL

C J ACKOUT PRESSURE CELL



C. J ACKOUT PRESSURE CELL

D. J ACKOUT PRESSURE CELL



D. J ACKOUT PRESSURE CELLHYDRAULIC

E INTERGRAL PIEZOMETER



E. INTERGRAL PIEZOMETER

F. NATM STYLE SHOTCRETE



STRESS CELLS

G LOAD CELL



G. LOAD CELL

H. VIBRATING WIRE STRAIN



GAGE

I. VIBRATING WIRE



TRANSDUCER



DATALOGGERS

A. SINGLE CHANNEL



DATALOGGER

B. MULTI CHANNEL



DATALOGGER

C 16 CHANNEL DATA LOGGER



C. 16 CHANNEL DATA LOGGER

D DATA COLLECTION



D. DATA COLLECTION

E MEASUREMENT & CONTROL



E. MEASUREMENT & CONTROL

F. INTERFACE TO READ



VIBRATING WIRE SENSOR

G MULTIPLEXER



G. MULTIPLEXER

H DATA ACQUISITION



H. DATA ACQUISITION

I DATA STORAGE



I . DATA STORAGE

J . VIBRATING WIRE TO ANALOG



CONVERTER



TUNNEL MONITORING

INSTRUMENTATION

HYDRO TUNNEL



HYDRO TUNNEL



INSTALLATION OF PROBES



INSTALLATION OF PROBES.

1. SINGLE CHANNEL DATA



LOGGERS

2STANDARD PIEZOMETER



2 STANDARD PIEZOMETER.

3A ROD EXTENSOMETER



3A. ROD EXTENSOMETER.

3B .FLEXIBLE ROD



EXTENSOMETER.

3C EXTENSOMETER HEAD



3C. EXTENSOMETER HEAD.

4 LOAD CELLS



4. LOAD CELLS.

5. NATM STYLE SHOTCRETES SS C S



STRESS CELLS.

6. HIGH TEMPERATUREEMBEDMENT STRAIN GAGES



EMBEDMENT STRAIN GAGES.

7. INSTRUMENTED ROCKBOLTS



7. INSTRUMENTED ROCKBOLTS

8. VIBRATING WIRE TILTMETER.



8. VIBRATING WIRE TILTMETER.

9. CRACK METER.



9. CRACK METER.

10. DATA LOGGER.



10. DATA LOGGER.

11. VIBRATING WIRE IN PLACEINCLINOMETER



INCLINOMETER

12. TAPE EXTENSOMETER



12. TAPE EXTENSOMETER

13. CONGERGENCE METERS.



13. CONGERGENCE METERS.



INSTRUMENTATION USED IN A

CONCRETE DAM MONITORINGAPPLICAYION.



S O O O S

1. VIBRATING WIRE IN PLACEINCLINOMETER



INCLINOMETER

2. MULTI-POINT RODEXTENSOMETER



EXTENSOMETER.

3. PENDULUM SYSTEM.



4. DATA LOGGER



5. STANDARD PIEZOMETER.



6. LOAD CELLS.



7. VIBRATING WIRE TILTMETER



8. CRACK METERS



9. EMBEDMENT J OINT METER.



10. VIBRATING WIRETEMPRRATURE SENSOR



TEMPRRATURE SENSOR.

11. CONCRETE EMBEDMENTSTRAIN GAGES



STRAIN GAGES

12. EARTH PRESSURE CELLS.



INSTRUMENTATION USED IN

AN EARTH DAM MONITORINGAPPLICATION.



INSTALLATION OF PROBS



1.SOIL STARIN METERS



2. SETTLEMENT SENSORS



3. HEAVY DUTY PIEZOMETER



4. TEMPERATURE GAGES



5. EARTH PRESSURE CELLS.



6. PIEZOMETER



7. IN PLACE INCLINOMETER



8. INCLINOMETER PROBES



9. PORTABLE READOUT BOXES



10. MULTIPLEXER



11. MULTI CHANNELDATALOGGER



DATALOGGER

12. SEAPAGE MONITOR



INSTRUMENTATION USED IN

AN EXCAVATIONMONITURING APPLICATION.



INSTALLATION OF PROBS.



1. SINGLE-CHANNEL DATALOGGERS



LOGGERS

2.PIEZOMETER



4. LOAD CELLS.



5. STRAIN GAGE



6. EXTENSOMETER



7. TILTMETER



8. CRACKMETERS.



9. MULTI CHANNEL DATALOGGERS



10. PORTABLE INCLINOMETER



11. J ACKOUT PRESSURE CELLHYDRAULIC



12. SISTER BARS



INSTRUMENTATIONUSED IN AN PILESMONITORINGAPPLICATION.



1. DISPLACEMENT TRANSDUCER



2. LOAD CELLS.



3. MULTI CHANNEL DATALOGGERS.



4. STRAIN GAGE



5. RETRIEVABLEEXTENSOMETER



7. SISTER BARS



8. TELLTALES.



WIRE LESS COMMUNICATION



INSTALLATION TECHNIQUES OF WIRELESS TRANSMITTERS ON SITE INHYDRO POWER PLANT.

INSTALLATION OF SENSOR



WIRELESS COMMUNICATION



Scheduled & random Satellite Transmission from the field to your

desktop



desktop.

FEATURES



Integrating Sutron”s Xpert & SAT link in to existing Vibrating wire

systemusingSutronsystemsoftware.



system using Sutron system software.

Net work of Individule Monitoringsites reporting to goes polling station.



APPLICATIONS



Tsunami Detection & Warning Tidal and Port Systems

Stream Gauging

Reservoir Monitoring

Stand-Alone Precipitation Stations (see photo)

Hydro-Met Stations

Agricultural Weather Stations

Synoptic & Climatic Weather Stations

Ground Water Monitoring

INCLINOMETER



GROUND LEVEL MEASUREMENT



IMMERSION TYPE LEVEL TRANSMITTER



VIBRATING WIRE PIEZOMETER



CRACK & J OINT METER



MECHANICAL BORE WIREEXTENSOMETER



WATER LEVEL METER.

Dam Safety Insts.inhydro

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Transcript of Dam Safety Insts.inhydro