Dalton’s Law of Partial PressuresDalton’s Law of Partial Pressures

The pressure of a gas is equal to the sum of all of its components.

Ptotal = Pgas#1 + Pgas#2

+ Pgas#3 +….

[http://www.space.gc.ca/asc/img/neemo_daltons_law.gi]f

All in kPa

Boyle’s LawBoyle’s Law

When temperature is constant, pressure and volume are inversely related.

P1V1 = P2V2

http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/476/488316/Instructor_Resources/Chapter_11/FG11_13.JPG

Click Here for a Demo

http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/602/616516/Media_Assets/Chapter09/Text_Images/FG09_06.JPG

Boyle’s LawBoyle’s Law

If a weather balloon has a volume of 15.0 L at a pressure of 1.20 atm, and the pressure drops to 0.750 atm, what is the new volume?

(15.0 L) (1.20 atm) = (0.750 atm) V2

V2 = 24.0 L

Charles’s LawCharles’s Law

When pressure is constant, the temperature and volume are directly related.

http://wps.prenhall.com/wps/media/objects/602/616516/Media_Assets/Chapter09/Text_Images/FG09_07.JPG2

2

1

1

TV

TV

Click Here for a Demo

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Charles’s LawCharles’s Law

If a car tire has a volume of 2.50 L at 15.0 ºC and is heated to 65.0 ºC, what will be the new volume?

K 338

V

K 288

L 2.50 2

L 2.93V2

Combined Gas LawCombined Gas Law

Useful connection between Boyle’s & Charles’s Laws…

2

22

1

11

T

VP

T

VP

Combined Gas LawCombined Gas Law

Example: (Charles’s Law) T1 = 273 K, V1 = 1.00 L, T2 = 373 K Pressure is held constant so just

remove it from the equation….

2

22

1

11

T

VP

T

VP V2 = 1.37 L

Combined Gas LawCombined Gas Law

Example: (Boyle’s Law) P1 = 1.00 atm, V1 = 1.00 L, V2 = 3.00 L Temperature is held constant so just

remove it from the equation….

2

22

1

11

T

VP

T

VP P2 = 0.333 atm