Dairy Cattle Improvement Project (TCP/NEP/3105D): Preliminary Results, Lesson Learnt and Problems...
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![Page 1: Dairy Cattle Improvement Project (TCP/NEP/3105D): Preliminary Results, Lesson Learnt and Problems Encountered BS Shrestha, DMU SP Neopane, NPC NP Shrestha,](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022013118/56649ebd5503460f94bc7672/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Dairy Cattle Improvement Project (TCP/NEP/3105D): Preliminary
Results, Lesson Learnt and Problems Encountered
BS Shrestha, DMU
SP Neopane, NPC
NP Shrestha, NC
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Presentation- outline
Background DCIP – Introduction and Current Status Some Preliminary Results Lesson Learnt Problems Encountered Way forward
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Background
•7 Million cattle population•7 Native breeds
•one extinct•few endangered
•More than 70% HH involvement
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Background…Cattle Improvement initiatives
Potential of indigenous cattle (lactation)-poor-other function important (draft, manure, religious)
Breed replacement, cross breeding, or upgrading – the option of choice for improvement
Introduction of some European cattle breed in Rana regimes – 150 yrs ago
Importation of Red Sindhi, Sahiwal, Jersey, HF, Brown Swiss Importation of frozen semen and AI AI with warm semen Frozen semen production and utilization in country
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10%
90%
Crossbred/upgraded Local
Proportion of indigenous and improved cattle
Despite of all•No sustainable dairy animal genetic improvement program in the country•Non existence of PPRS and unknown bull (merit) used for semen collection &NS
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DCIP- Introduction
Joint Project of NARC and DLS supported by FAO Implemented Since July 2008 with the main objective of
sustainable genetic improvement of dairy cattle in the country through:
– Initiation of PPRS and Identification of potential bull mothers and production of bulls for AI and NS
– Capacity enhancement of trainers/extension workers through training on Feeding and management
– Supporting herd book establishment for Jersey and HF– Identifying suitable breed/s for different eco-zones and mgmt
system – Developing strategies that will help private sector to undertake
PPRS for sustainability and AI privatization
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DCIP- Implementation
Steering committee chaired by DG, DLS Project management committee (NPC, NPCC, NC) ICBG- Technical support for database management and
analysis ICFM-Technical Support for capacity enhancement of trainers
in feeding and management NC- Project Implementation Support and coordination with
FAOR/Nepal Programme Officer, FAOR- project facilitation NLBC- semen and LN handling and distribution DMU- data management, analysis and information flow District supervisor and Technicians Recorders and farmers Overall coordination and technical support- LTO
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Major Activities/ Accomplishment
Inception Workshop, July 2008
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TOT and Initiation of PPRS
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PPRS……
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Recorders’ and Technicians’ Training
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Database management system development
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Training on Animal Breeding and Genetics and PPRS data analysis
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Milk Sample Analysis Facility Establishment
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TOT on Dairy Cattle Feeding and Management
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Farmers’ Training and Meet AI of PPRS herd cows with imported semen Preliminary data analysis Initiation of planned mating of selected
potential bull mothers with proven sire semen
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Procurement of Necessary Materials
Frozen semen 5000+5000 doses from New Zealand (HF and Jersey)
Lacto scans Computers and printer LN Container, referees Tags and tagging machine Weighing machine and tapes Milk sampler, preservatives, sampling bottle
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Current Status of DCIP
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District Coverage under DCIP
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0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
807 808 809 810 811 812 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909
YYMM
No
oh
Her
ds
Cum. Herd
Expansion of PPRS- herd coverage
604
4
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106
1 1
56
2
87
59
6
43
57
127
42
17
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Chi
twan
Dol
akha
Gor
kha
Ilam
Jhap
aKa
ski
Kath
man
duLa
litpu
rM
oran
gN
awal
para
siR
upan
dehi
Suns
ari
Tana
hun
No of herds
District-wise herds under PPRS
604
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671
47117 129
7
593634
192
508460
917
253167
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000C
hitw
anD
olak
haG
orkh
a
Ilam
Jhap
aK
aski
Kat
hman
duLa
litpu
rM
oran
gN
awal
para
siR
upan
dehi
Sun
sari
Tan
ahun
Base Animals
Base Animals
Base Animals under PPRS
4600+
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0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
807 808 809 810 811 812 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909
YYMM
No
of
Mil
k r
ec
ord
s
Milk Records
Expansion of PPRS- No of Milking Animals
2000+
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Some Preliminary Results and Implications
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Results….
Average herd size : 8 (2-117) Average milking animals/ herd : 4-5 (1-74)
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Production performance
Daily milk production (N1800)
Mean Yield- 9.07±3.97 l
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Milk fat content
Milk Fat content ( %)
Mean- 4.43±1.47
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Milk Protein content
Milk protein content (%)
Mean - 3.3±0.49
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Conductivity
Conductivity
Mean- 6.6±0.85
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Results of calculation of part lactation
Milk Yield Fat% Protein% Solid kg
100 days (n=377)
1164.8± 4 21.9
4.13±0.81 3.36±0.47 87.15± 32.31
180 days (n=242)
1925.1± 692.5
4.31±0.74 3.36±0.19 147.13± 52.62
300 days (n=79)
2793.1± 1048.4
4.48±0.77 3.37±0.18 215.76± 74.33
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Breeding value estimation
Fixed factors considered Herd Age as regressor variable Breed* Year of calving* Season of calving* Parity* Feeding and management ??
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Estimated Breeding Values (100 days V solids) 100 Day Part LactationParameter n Milk Yield Fat % Protein % Conductivity Valuable SolidsMean 377 1164.78 4.13 3.36 6.50 87.15St. Deviation 421.89 0.81 0.23 0.47 32.31
1 03659 353007019 2009-02-14 1805.55 4.05 3.35 133.61 49 01 01 1 14.3Timilsina Livestock Farm
2 03897 350701024 2008-12-10 2012.40 4.28 3.74 161.39 26 01 01 1 12.7 Purna Bhusal
3 03751 353007019 2008-11-29 1534.35 4.62 3.64 126.74 32 01 01 1 12.6 Timilsina Livestock Farm
4 03577 351406031 2009-03-13 1328.05 5.26 3.57 117.27 38 01 01 1 9.4 Bhim Prasad Poudel
5 03554 351406028 2009-01-29 1182.40 6.08 3.77 116.47 37 01 01 1 9.1 Bhoj Raj Tiwari
6 03663 353007019 2009-02-16 1442.65 4.03 3.44 107.77 61 01 01 1 6.3 Timilsina Livestok Farm
7 03576 351406031 2008-12-25 1412.85 4.02 3.43 105.26 36 01 01 1 5.8 Bhim Prasad Poudel
8 03597 351406033 2009-04-15 1373.60 4.30 3.38 105.49 39 01 01 1 5.8 Tanka Nath Timilsina
9 03786 351406002 2008-12-09 1310.25 5.55 3.62 120.15 59 01 01 1 4.5 Chuda Mani Pokharel
District: Chitwan ID ID_Herd Date-calv Milk Fat% Prot% vSolid age sireBr damBr ID_Br EBV Farmers’ Name
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New born calves under PPRS
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Lesson Learnt
All stakeholders convinced on importance of DCIP Should have been initiated long back- However, late better than never Sustainability- Government support- Programme built on in NARC and
DLS from current FY Commitment from stakeholders essential – for long term breeding
project Inadequate project duration for this kind of work Sincerity of recorders and farmers cooperation - essential Strong and functional linkage between Research and Extension for
achieving DCIP goal- an absolute necessity Exist potential within the country for improvement Immediate benefit for farmers- vaccination, drenching for their support
?? Genetic improvement- track opened- gravelling, black topping
essential- ensure for not washing away in monsoon- some sort of support necessary
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Problem Encountered
At Farmers’ level Animal exit from herd and frequent movement Why s/he and why not me (herd size) Fate of male calvesRelated to Recordings and Recorders Small and scattered herd size Production situation – early morning milking Remuneration against hardship Recorder leaving jobRelated to Data management Timely flow of records (both way) Incomplete format from recorders Mismatching herds and animal identifications Date conversion inconvenience
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Problem…..
Lab and semen handling Some unbelievable analysis report Lacto scan maintenance (instances- breakdown of machine) Off time work for semen handler at district (with no remuneration) Inadequate facility to handle semen properly (12 sire lines)AI Technician Level Conflict of interest among technicians Reading bull identification number in straw Unforeseen Frequent strike and road blockade FMD outbreaks- Farmers’ superstition Unlucky incidence– more male calves born from DCIP- faith of farmers
toward DCIP
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Some adjustment suggested
Initial feedback to the farmers’ from Lab via recorders (particularly for conductivity) to enable farmers to take immediate correction measures as the current flow of information is lengthy (farmers- district lab- DMU- district-farmer)
Decentralization of data recording Cooperatives involvement in PPRS
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The way forward
Data quality improvement Breed establishment and Genetic Improvement
– Holstein Derivatives-Nepalese Holstein– Jersey Derivatives-Nepalese Jersey
Saving potential male calves- Evaluation of future bulls (growth, conformity,
reproductive disease free status, chromosomal aberration)
Extensive AI in non descript breed External support
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