DadaArt Movement

"Dada is a state of mind... Dada is artistic free thinking... Dada gives itself to nothing...

." So is Dada defined by André Breton.

The beginnings of Dada

• The artists and writers of the time were dismayed by the stupidity and horror of WWI.

• The conflict was new in history because of its terrifying new weaponry.

• On average almost 900 Frenchmen and 1,300 Germans died every day between 1914-1918.

• All told ten million people were killed.

MYP Global Context

• FAIRNESS AND DEVELOPMENT–What are the consequences of our common

humanity?• Security and freedom, freedom of expression• Justice, peace, and conflict management.

• KEY CONCEPT – CHANGE – The Dada artists and writers wanted

change.

Vocabulary will will be defining

• Dada• Security• Peace• Collage

• Photomontage• “Sound” poetry –

Onomatopoeia• Frottage

Key Objective

• You will learn and understand how artists use their art to protest what they do not think is fair in their world.

• You will create a cover for your sketchbook using the methods the Dada artists used.

You need to be able to answer:

• What was the Dada movement? • Who were some of the Dada artists and what

they did to protest?• How can you use the techniques of others to

create?• How does a protest make others think about

what they are doing?

You will be graded uponCriterion A: Knowledge and Understanding

– Do you have a thorough understanding of the topic being studied. (Vocabulary and short answers)

Criterion B: Application – • Proficiency of your finished piece.Criterion C: Reflection and evaluation • response to what you learned and the quality of your

product.Criterion D: Artistic Awareness and Personal Engagement • Did you actively participate, show initiative, enthusiasm, nd

commitment?

Citizenship during unit

• Are you following the classroom and school rules of SRR?

Dadaism (1916-1923)

• Randomly open a dictionary, point to any word, and call that an art movement.

• That is what a group of artists did when they were trying to determine a name for their group.

• DADA – Hobby horse.

Originated in Switzerland

• Spread to other parts of the world – Berlin, Cologne, Paris, Netherlands, United States.

• Dada’s chosen weapon was art, but it was art like the world had never seen.

• Spread to art, writing, poetry, theater, music, and other art forms.

Boundaries were pushed

• Dada championed spontaneity, absurdity, and free will.

• They ridiculed the artists we have all come to love: Leonardo da Vinci, Paul Cezanne, etc.

Many creative forms developed

• Dada did not constitute an actual artistic style, but the group favored collaboration, spontaneity, and chance.

• Many Dadaists worked in collage, photomontage (fragments of photographs with the written word), found-object construction, rather than painting and sculpture.

• With time, out of the chaos, grew an interest in the dream world.

Some of the artists of the Dada movement

• Hugo Ball• Hans (Jean Arp)• Marcel Duchamp• Man Ray• Francis Picabia• George Grosz• Max Ernst• Kurt Schwitters

Hugo Ball(1886 – 1927)

• Co-founder of the Dada movement.• He composed “sound” poems.

Jean (Hans) Arp(1886 – 1966)

• Born in Strasbourg, France• He showed work to artists such as Gauguin, Matisse, and

Picasso.• By the time he was 25 he was an artist and poet of

distinction.• He used collage and free form as his point of interest in his

work.• While in Zurich he joined the Dada movement.• 1925 joined the surrealists and spent most of his time

creating artworks done by methods of chance rather than based on the subconscious.

Jean (Hans) Arp

• Started drawing at a young age but got tired of drawing realistic things. To get relief he started to write poetry.

• Went to Strasbourg School of Applied arts to read poetry.

• On a visit to Paris in 1904 he came in contact with Modern art and he loved it and got involved with it again.

Jean Arp

Unreasonable Order

Hans (Jean) Arp

Collaged with Squares Arranged by Laws Accordingto Chance

Collage Artists

• With collage the artists could use items such as advertisements, newspapers, etc. to represent their ideas.

• Sometimes the Dada collage is not a collage at all, because it did not involve cutting and gluing.

• One artist would cut out print material, and paint over most of it, and leave a few sections out.

Marcel Duchamp(1887 – 1968)

• A French artist, Marcel had a significant impact on Dada and the Surrealist movements through his witty, humorous, and bold approach to art.

• He refused to accept the norm. He was interested in art that stimulated one’s mind.

• He examined “anti-art”, and challenged the definition of art.

Marcel Duchamp

The Fountain

Marcel Duchamp

• He went further still.. He would buy common manufactured items, and simply proclaim them to be “readymade” artworks.

• He thought art should be about ideas rather than beautiful objects.

Man Ray(1890 – 1976)

• An American artist who was the founder of the Dada group in New York.

• He boldly explored chance, surprise, and risk through art, writing, painting, photography, and mixed-media assemblages.

• His work contained hidden puns and messages.

The rope dancer accompanies herself with her shadows

Max Ernst (1891 - 1976)

• German artist.• In the 1920’s he experimented with the

automatist technique producing a series of drawings called Natural History.

• These paintings are created by rubbing paper with graphite over different surfaces.

• He called this technique “frottage.”

Frottage – adds texture

L’evade’

Francis Picabia(1879 – 1953)

• Born in Paris, France• Associated with Cubism, Abstract art, Dada,

and Surrealism.

Francis Picabia

Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven(1874 – 1927)

• Born in Germany• She was a Dadaist artist and poet who worked

for several years in Greenwich Village, New York.

Elsa von Freytag-Loringhoven

Berlin Dadaist Hannah Höch

• Indian Dancer, 1930

Hoch

• Became famous for her photomontage techniques.

• Da-Dandy, 1919

Hoch – Cut with the Kitchen Knife Dada ….

Hoch – German Girl, 1930

• Fusion of male and female

Photomontage

• The Dada artists who used this technique had a goal, and that was to take back the control of the media.

Far reaching effects

• Dada wanted people to wake up and look critically at the world around them.

• Its preoccupation with the bizarre, irrational, and fantastic was the beginning of the Surrealism movement.

• The reliance of the accident were later employed by the Abstract Expressionists.

Now we will create a piece of art using some of the Dada methods.

• We will review the concepts and vocabulary before you have the test.