CYBORG

•Also known as a cybernetic organism, a Cyborg is a being with both biological and artificial parts.•The artificial part may be electronic, mechanical or robotic.•Real (as opposed to fictional) cyborgs are more frequently people who use cybernetic technology to repair or overcome the physical and mental constraints of their bodies.

CYBORG

About the term ‘Cyborg’

The term was coined in 1960 when Manfred Clynes and Nathan Kline used it in an article about the advantages of self-regulating human-machine systems in outer space.D. S. Halacy's Cyborg: Evolution of the Superman in 1965 featured an introduction which spoke of a "new frontier" that was "not merely space, but more profoundly the relationship between 'inner space' to 'outer space' -a bridge...between mind and matter.“According to some definitions of the term, the metaphysical and physical attachments humanity has with even the most basic technologies have already made them cyborgs. In a typical example, a human fitted with a heart pacemaker or an insulin pump might be considered a cyborg, since these mechanical parts enhance the body's "natural" mechanisms through synthetic feedback mechanisms.

There are two types of cyborgs.• Restorative Technologies:- It restores lost funtions,

organs and limbs.• Enhanced Cyborgs:- It follows the principle of optimal

performance i.e. maximising output and minimising input.

Retina implants is another form of cyborgization which helps to restore the vision of the people suffering from vision loss.

Examples of Cyborg In the Medical Field

THE "CYBORG SOLDIER" OFTEN REFERS TO A SOLDIER WHOSE WEAPON AND SURVIVAL SYSTEMS ARE INTEGRATED INTO THE SELF, CREATING A HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE. MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS' RESEARCH HAS RECENTLY FOCUSED ON THE UTILIZATION OF CYBORG ANIMALS FOR INTER-SPECIESRELATIONSHIPS FOR THE PURPOSES OF A SUPPOSED A TACTICAL ADVANTAGE.

Examples of Cyborgs In Military

EXAMPLES OF CYBORG INSECTS

The insect cyborgs are part of a program called HI-MEMS (Hybrid Insect Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems), a DARPA program initiated by Program Manager Dr. Amit Lal. The ultimate goal of the HI-MEMS program is to provide insect cyborgs that can demonstrate controlled flight; the insects would be used in a variety of military and homeland security applications. A driving voltage of 5 volts causes the tobacco hornworm blade’s muscles (two pairs) to move for flight and maneuvering.

DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency) creating a neural implant to enable engineers to remotely manipulate a shark's brain signals. This would eventually allow them to control the animal's movements and possibly decode their perceptions. Given that sharks have senses that humans don't have (like the ability to sense electromagnetic fields), it could open up some interesting uses.If they can succeed in these experiments, it might be possible to control a free-swimming shark; it could be trained to track enemy ships or submarines, or to detect underwater mines or cables.

The concept of the cyborg is often associated with science fiction. However, many artists have tried to create public awareness of cybernetic organisms; these can range from paintings to installations. Some artists who create such works are Neil Harbisson, Isa Gordon, Motohiko Odani, Nick Lampert, Patricia Piccinini, Jenifer Gonzalez, Simbiotica and Oron Catts, Iñigo Manglano-Ovalle, Steve Mann, Orlan and Stelarc.

EXAMPLES OF CYBORG IN ART

ADVANTAGES OF CYBORG

It enables a physically challenged person to live a normal life by giving a part of the body back to him.

It also improves the quality of life.Diseases could be analyzed and cured in terms of

the neural impulse signals.

It would be implemented in almost all fields where human interaction is needed.

Disadvantages of cyborg

• To implant a cyborg into a human body the doctors need a lot of training.

• Besides this many of the cyborg are very expensive and have psychological problems.

• There is also a lot of risk of rejection or infection.

• During operation the patient suffers a lot of pain.

CONCLUSION The use of such technology will upgrade humans,

turning them into cyborgs, presents a much moredifficult problem. Who gets an implant and whodoesn’t? Who controls their use? Indeed shouldhumans be allowed to upgrade their capabilitiesand become ‘super humans’? Humans now have

the potential to control another aspect of their own destiny. It will be interesting to see how quickly and

easily this will be brought about.

Thank youPRESENTED

BY-

PARTH.KKESHAV. K

JAIADITYA .S. PARIHARADITYA.KADITYA.N