CURRICULUM VITAE - speed.unimas.myspeed.unimas.my/dashboard/SETARA/UploadedIntAwards/1.pdf ·...

Prof Dr Kopli b Bujang / FRST / UNIMAS. 2017 1

Curriculum Vitae

A. PERSONAL DETAILS

1. NAME AND IMPORTANT DATES Name PROFESSOR DR. KOPLI B. BUJANG

Designation Senior Professor in Biotechnology Position Deputy Vice Chancellor (Research & Innovation) Areas of Specialisation Bioprocess Technology and Waste Management Date of Birth August 23rd, 1959 Appointment as lecturer at UNIMAS April 1st, 1993 Date of Confirmation as lecturer April 1st, 1994 Date of Appointment as Assoc. Prof December 9th, 1998 Date of Appointment as Professor March 1st, 2007 Date of Appointment as Deputy Vice Chancellor (R&I)

March 13th, 2014

Websites / URL www.unimas.my https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kopli_Bujang http://unimas.academia.edu/KOPLIBUJANG http://livedna.org/60.319

Copyright (LY2016000131)

Jan 27th, 2016: Production of Sugar from Sago Starch

2. EDUCATION AND ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS Year Degree / Discipline / University Title of Thesis

1984 BSc (2nd Upper) in Microbiology University of Malaya Malaysia

Anaerobic Digestion of Raw and Treated Imperata cylindrica in the Production of Methane Gas

1986 MSc in Microbiology University College of Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom

The Cellulase System of Clostridium thermocellum with Special Reference to an Endoglucanase Component

1992 PhD in Biotechnology Wye College, University of London, United Kingdom

Evaluation of the Composting Process for the Treatment and Disposal of Cattle Slurry


3. PREVIOUS ACADEMIC AND OTHER RELEVANT APPOINTMENTS

July 16th, 1984 Accepted as tutor at UPM Sarawak Campus, Semenggok August, 1984 BSc (II Upper) in Microbiology, University of Malaya, Malaysia November, 1986 MSc in Microbiology, University College of Swansea, Wales, United Kingdom Jan. 21st, 1987 Appointed lecturer at UPM Sarawak Campus, Bintulu December, 1992 PhD in Biotechnology, Wye College, University of London, United Kingdom April 1st, 1994 Appointed lecturer at UNIMAS April 1st, 1997 Appointed Coordinator of Resource Biotechnology Program, FRST Dec 9th, 1998 Awarded Associate Professor at FRST April 1st, 1999 Appointed Head of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology Group, FRST Nov. 1st, 2001 Appointed Director of Centre for Technology Transfer & Consultancy May 1st, 2005 Appointed Dean of Centre for Graduate Studies March 1st, 2007 Awarded Professor (VK7) at FRST June 18th, 2007 Jan 1st, 2011 March 13th, 2014 January 16th, 2017

Appointed National Plan Strategic Advisor for the field of Biotechnology Awarded Professor (VK6) at FRST Appointed as DVC (R&I) Awarded Professor (VK5) at FRST

B. TEACHING-LEARNING ACTIVITIES

1. COURSES TAUGHT List of courses taught/coordinated over the past 25 years:

• Biochemistry • Bioprocess Technology

• Microbiology • Industrial Microbiology and Biochemistry

• Food Technology • Environmental Biotechnology

• Application of Biotechnology I • Application of Biotechnology II

Current teaching loads include 3 credits for the 1st semester (STB3053 Bioprocess Technology) and 2 credits for the 2nd semester (STB3022 Environmental Biotechnology).

2. SUPERVISION OF STUDENTS (Appendix 1) Supervision of Final Year Students’ projects started from the first batch of final year students in 1996, primarily on treatment of sago waste solids and sago starch fermentation. Preliminary research projects include high density cell cultures, effects of pH, temperature and additives (polypeptone, Ca+, yeast extract) in the production of lactic acid and natural rubber serum powder (NRSP). Other research areas include hydrolysis of cellulosic wastes for lab-scale production and purifications of ethanol. Supervision of graduate research projects (MSc) started in 1997 on fermentation of sago starch utilising our own culture, isolated and identified earlier from a sago mill in Mukah. Research in the hydrolysis of sago starch into glucose gained recognition and award from the Tsukuba Sago Fund in 2011 since the process takes only 4-5 hrs with 98-105% recovery. This has progressed into fermentation of the glucose into ethanol and later L-lactic acid. Currently the focus is on sugars, either glucose from sago starch and sago hampas, cellobiose from sago fronds, nipah sugar – studies on preservation of the juice followed by purification and subsequent crystallization of the typically brown nipah sugar syrup.


3. EXTERNAL EXAMINER OF POSTGRADUATE THESES

a. MASTER OF SCIENCE

i. Yusri Atan (1995). Productio then Compost from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB). Fac. of Biological Sciences. UKM Bangi.

ii. Loo Shu Feng (1998). Fac. of Science and Technol. UKM Bangi.

iii. Muhannad Illayan Saleem Massadeh (1999). Biodegradation of Sugarcane Bagasse by Aspergillus terreus SUK-1 in Solid Substrate and Submerged Culture Fermentation. Fac. of Science and Technol. UKM Bangi.

iv. Hasnah bt Haron (2001). Production of High-Fructose Glucose Syrup from Sweet Potato (‘Ubi Gendut’) Starch and Its Application in the Enzymatic Systhesis of Fatty Acid Sugars. Fac. of Science and Technol. UKM Bangi.

v. Liew Shiau Tsuey (2004). Production of Solvent (Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol) in Batch and Continuous Fermentation by Clostridium saccharobutylicum DSM 13864 Using Gelatinised Sago Starch as Substrate. School of Graduate Studies, UPM Serdang.

vi. Lee Chee Keong (2005). Development of an Enzymatic De-Inking System of Laser Printed Waste Papers. Insitute of Graduate Studies, USM Pulau Pinang.

vii. Wong Kok Mun (2005). Bioconversion of Solids from Palm Oil Mill Effluent to Sugars Using Cellulase Enzymes from Indigenous Fungi. School of Graduate Studies, UPM Serdang.

viii. Lew Kok Cheong (2006). Development of Fermentation Techniques for High Cell Density Cultivation of Bacillus subtilis. UKM Bangi.

ix. Mohd Fazli Farida Asras (2009). Screening and Isolation of Cellulolytic and Mannan-Degradingh Enzymes Producers for Solid-State Fermentation of Palm Kernel Cake. Sekolah Pengajian Siswazah. Universiti Putra Malaysia.

x. Mohd Huzairi b Mohd Zainuddin (2009). Production and Utilisation of Sugars (Glucose) from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Through Phase Separation System. Sekolah Pengajian Siswazah. Universiti Putra Malaysia.

xi. Mohd Zulkhairi Mohd Yusoff (2010). Production of Biohydrogen from POME Using 50L Bioreactor. Sekolah Pengajian Siswazah. Universiti Putra Malaysia.

xii. Ahmad Muhaimin Roslan (2010). Effective Pretreatment of Rice Straw for the Production of Cellulase and Cellulosic Bioethanol. Sekolah Pengajian Siswazah. Universiti Putra Malaysia.

xiii. Rosliza bt Shamsuddin (2011). Production of N, P. & K Humates from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Sludge. Universiti Putra Malaysia.

xiv. Regis Bernard a/l Santhanasamy (2012). Utilisation of Selected Agricultural Wastes for Reducing Ammonia Volatilization from Urea.

xv. Mohd Azwan b Jenol (2014). Biohydrogen Production from Sago Biomass by Clostridium butyricum A1. Universiti Putra Malaysia.

xvi. Nur Syuhana bt Muda (2015). Utilization Of Oil Palm Trunk Sap For Bioethanol Production Through Natural And Yeast Fermentation

B. DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

i. Prabhakara Rao (2005). Assessing Water Pollution from Different Types of Sago Industries and the Potential for Agricultural Uses. Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

ii. Vinesh Thiruchelvam (2006). Waste Management Technology Transfer to Malaysia. Universiti Tun Abdul Razak.


iii. Suhaidah bt Ibrahim (2007). Development of Microbial Inocula for Domestic Waste Degradation and the Use of Decomposed Materials as Poultry Feed. Pusat Pengajian Sains Hayat. USM Malaysia.

iv. P.V. Hemalatha (2008). Studies on Adsorption of Heavy Metals Cr (VI) and Ni (II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions. Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

v. Madhusmita Mishra (2008). Bioremedial Studies Using Microbes from East Calcutta Wetland. School of Biotechnology. West Bengal Univ. of Technology. Kolkatta, India.

vi. M. Sumanth Kumar (2009). Remote Sensing & GIS-Based Study on Groundwater Quality of South Eastern Parts of Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation and Its Adjoining Parts in Mahabubnagar District. Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

vii. Poonam Nasipuri (2011). Isolation And Characterization Of Efficient Sulfate Reducing Bacterial Consortia From Different Environmental Sites. West Bengal University of Technology. Kolkata, India.

viii. Suguna Rani Kunduri (2011). Evaluation of Biodegradation of Plastics and Polythenes in Various Soils. Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.

ix. Emran Isaa Said Khamaiseh (2013). Biobutanol Production by Clostridium acetobutylicum NCIMB 13357 Using Date Fruit. Fakulti Sains & Teknologi. UKM. Malaysia.

x. Ibrahim Nimer Mahmoud El-Shawabkeh (2014). Biotransformation of Cyclohexone to Cyclohexanol by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4. UKM. Malaysia.

xi. Najeeb Kaid Nasser Al-Shorgani (2015). Biobutanol Production by a Novel Strain of Clostridium acetobutylicum YM1. UKM. Malaysia.

C. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

1. RESEARCH ACTIVITIES (Appendix 2) I graduated with a PhD in Solid Waste Management from Wye College, University of London in 1992, well ahead of the time before waste recycling and composting was an option in the local waste management system. Since the current research field was not very attractive at that moment, I underwent 4 years of self-retooling into fermentation technology. I was selected and sponsored by UNESCO to undergo 2-month training in Germany under the ITP-10 program in 1996 at Braunschweigh. This was followed by 2-month training under the supervision of Prof Ayaaki Ishizaki at Kyushu University, Japan in 1997, sponsored by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS). Research grants for projects performed within the past 16 years were obtained from various sources namely; Unimas Short Term Grants (RM156,170), New Energy Development Organisation (NEDO, ¥10 million), 2 IRPA Grants (RM277,000) and Tun Openg Chair (UNIMAS RM44,600 & RM50,000). I have attended and invited as speakers to numerous conferences, both local and international, mostly on production of ethanol, lactic acid and modifications of sago starch. The lactic acid research won a Gold Medal at the Geneva Convention in 2006. The methodology for ‘Production of Sugar from Sago Starch’ was registered as a Copyright (LY2016000131) on 27 Jan 2016. Previous development includes construction and development of a pilot-scale (1,000L/day) bio-ethanol pilot-plant in Kuching, Sarawak using sago starch and biomass as the raw materials. The project, which is fully funded by the Techno-Fund grant from MOSTI (RM11.6 million), was developed under a joint venture between UNIMAS with NECFER (New Century Fermentation Technologies, Fukuoka, Japan) and AGS Sdn Bhd, Kuching. Current interests are production of sugars from sago starch and sago hampas (fibre), and cellobiose from sago frond. Raw or brown sago starch sugar has been shown to contain four types of flavonoids with anticancer and antioxidant activities. Sago frond sugar has probiotic effects suitable as health food and as growth enhancer for production of L-Lactic Acid.


2. PUBLICATION OF RESEARCH PAPERS (Appendix 3) More than 140 papers have been published either as research papers, reviews, presented in local and international journals, seminars or as invited lectures (local and abroad). Research papers cover the general areas of modification of sago starch into sugars and its subsequent fermentation in the production of ethanol and/or L-lactic acid, modification of the fermentation procedures to increase product recovery, improvements on the purification process and storage properties of L-lactic acid and ethanol. Recently the focus has been shifted to production of bioethanol from sago fibres following treatments and modifications of this fibre, together with production of single-cell protein using Spirulina sp. and lipid for biodiesel using petro-algae on filtered and modified sago effluent.

3. FLAGSHIP ARTICLES

Areas of Coverage

No. of Papers

Flagship Articles

Methods in Hydrolysis of Sago Starch

6 K.B. Bujang; Adeni, D. S. A. and Jolhiri, P. (2000). Effects of Starch Concentrations and pH on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sago Starch. ICBiotech. Osaka Univ. Japan (14): 32-35.

Lactate Fermentation and Purification

20 K.B. Bujang (2004). Current Developments in the Production and Purification of L-Lactic Acid from Sago Starch. Sustainable Development of Biotechnology in the Tropics. ICBiotec. Osaka Univ. Japan. (17): 38-42.

Ethanol Fermentation

9

K.B. Bujang; Adeni, D.S.A. and lshizaki, A. (2000). Effects of pH on Production of Ethanol from Hydrolysed Sago Starch Utilising Zymomonas mobilis. ICBiotech. Osaka Univ. Japan (14): 20-26.

Prospects of the Sago Industries

12 K.B. Bujang (2001). Economics and Waste Management of Sago Processing. ICBiotech. Osaka Univ. Japan. (15): 186-190.

Treatment and Utilisation of Sago Effluent

22 W.A. Rashid; H. Musa; W.S. King and K.B. Bujang (2010). The Potential of Extended Aeration System for Sago Effluent Treatment. American Journal of Applied Sciences 7(5): 616-619.

Organic waste treatment

9 K.B. Bujang and J.M. Lopez-Real (1993). On-Farm Composting in the U.K. Biocycle: J. Waste Management. 34(8): 72-73.

Products from Sago Starch

6 Adeni, D.S.A.; Bujang, K.B.; Hassan, M.A. and Abd-Aziz, S. (2013). Recovery of Glucose from Residual Starch of Sago Hampas for Bioethanol Production. Journal of Biomed. Research International. Vol. 2013. Article ID 935852. Bujang, K.B. (2015). Production, Purification and Health Benefits of Sago Sugar. Invited Speaker. 12th International Sago Symposium. Rikkyo University. Tokyo, Japan. 15-17th Sept., 2015. (submitted full paper for Indexed Proc. For 2016

4. INVITED LECTURES / SPEAKER

a) K.B. Bujang (2004). Development of Sago Research in Malaysia: With Special Reference to UNIMAS. Invited Lecture at Department of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki Campus, Fukuoka (September 8th, 2004).

b) K.B. Bujang (2004). Development of Sago Research in Malaysia: With Special Reference to UNIMAS. Invited Lecture at Suntori Lecture Hall, Osaka University, Suita Campus, Osaka, Japan (September 9th, 2004).


c) Bujang, K.B. (2010). Production and Processing of Sago. Invited Speaker. The International Seminar on Sago and Spices for Food Security. Ambon. Rep. Indonesia. 28-29th July, 2010.

d) Bujang, K.B. (2010). Development of Sago as A Food and Fuel Alternative. Invited Speaker. My1Bio Symposium. Berjaya Hotel, Kuala Lumpur. MOSTI. 30-31st October, 2010.

e) Bujang, K.B. (2011). Potential of Sago for Commercial Production of Sugars. Invited Speaker. The 10th International Sago Symposium. Dept. of Agronomy & Horticulture. Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor. Rep. Indonesia. 28-30th October, 2011.

f) Bujang, K.B. (2011). Microbial Conversion of Sago Sugars into Lactic Acid. Invited Speaker. International Congress of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology 2011. Malaysian Society for Microbiology. Penang, Malaysia. 8-11th December, 2011 (submission of paper only).

g) Bujang, K.B. (2012). A Holistic Approach to Maximize Productivities of The Sago Industry. Plenary Speaker. Proc. 2nd ASEAN Sago Symposium. Co-organized by UNIMAS, CRAUN, IPB & FAO. 29-30th October 2012. Page: 25-27.

h) Bujang, K.B. (2014). Sago: A Food and Fuel Alternative. Invited Speaker. Bio-Borneo 2014: Sustaining the Bio-economy Community. Organized by MOSTI, BiotechCorp, SBC and UNIMAS. 5-7 May 2014. Kuching.

i) Bujang, K.B. (2015). Production, Purification and Health Benefits of Sago Sugar. Invited Speaker. 12th International Sago Symposium. Rikkyo University. Tokyo, Japan. 15-17th Sept., 2015.

j) Bujang, K.B. (2016). Sago: A Future Food Commodity from ASEAN. Invited Speaker: 5th Starchworld Asia. Sofitel Hotel. Sukhumvit. Bangkok. 25-27th January, 2016.

5. MEMBERSHIP OF PROFESSIONAL BODIES a. Malaysian Society for Microbiology (Life Membership, since 1987). b. Alumni of University of London (Alumnus Code 899478625), United Kingdom (since 1993). c. Chartered Biologist of the Institute of Biology: CBiol MIBiol (Membership No. 004003098), United

Kingdom (since 1997). d. Representative of Malaysia for the International Organisation for Biotechnology and Bioengineering

(IOBB, Australia) for the Asia South Region (since 2004). e. Executive Board Member for the Asian Federation of Biotechnology (AFOB, since Oct 2010) f. Member of the Advisory Committee for National Strategic Discipline, Malaysia : Biotechnology g. Member of the Evaluation Committee for MOSTI Techno-Fund Projects, Malaysia h. Member of the Evaluation Committee for Applied Sciences in the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme,

Malaysia i. Associate Editor for Journal of Agro-Biotechnology, Universiti Darul Iman, Terengganu, Malaysia j. Editor/Reviewer of scientific papers for Science Alert (http://scialert.com) k. Editorial Board of Journal of Applied Sciences l. Editorial Board of Research Journal of Environmental Sciences m. Editorial Board of Journal of Environmental Sciences & Technology n. Editorial Board of Journal of Biotechnology o. Editorial Board of Asian Journal of Biotechnology p. Reviewer for the Brazillian Journal of Microbiology


6. PUBLICATION OF ACADEMIC TEXTBOOKS Principles of Fermentation Technology. Co-author with Assoc Prof Dr Raja Shuib Hassan (Univ. Malaya).

Both books are still undergoing extensive modifications and editing upon submission to the University Publication Centre, UiTM, Shah Alam. The main comment was on the use of author’s own/original photographs on fermentation processes.

7. CONSULTATION ACTIVITIES a) Composting of Cattle Slurry as an Alternative to Current Animal Waste Management. Report to the Wye

College Dairy Unit, Wye College, University of London, Wye, Kent. United Kingdom. October, 1992. b) Processing of Shell MDS Biosludge by Composting with Sawdust, for Safe Disposal and Possible Use in

Soil Reclamation. Report to Shell Middle Distillate Synthesis (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd., Tanjong Kidurong, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak. 1994.

c) Processing of Green Wastes (Grass Cutting and Tree Clipping) by Forced-Aerated with Temperature Feedback System and Windrowing for Volume Reduction and the Production of Soil Conditioner. Report To Dewan Bandaraya Kuching Utara, Kuching, Sarawak. 1995.

d) Processing of Digested Sewage Sludge, Amended with Woodshaving by Forced Aeration with Temperature Feedback System in the Production of Soil Conditioner. Report To Dewan Bandaraya Kuching Utara, Kuching. Sarawak. 1995.

e) Large-Scale Processing of Shell-MDS Biosludge in the Production of Soil Conditioner. Shell-MDS Bintulu Sarawak (ended January 2005).

f) Improvement of the CMS Agrotech Sdn Bhd Composting Technology for Production of Biofertilizer. CMS Agrotech Sdn Bhd. (L18403 F07 00 CMS AGROTECH), from January 2011.

D. CONTRIBUTION TO THE MANAGEMENT

a) Secretary for the 18th Malaysian Microbiology Symposium, jointly organised by UNIMAS and Malaysian

Society for Microbiology, Crowne Plaza Riverside Hotel, Kuching. August 22-23rd, 1995. b) Secretary for the Group 1 Sago Workshop jointly organised by UNIMAS and JSPS, Crowne Plaza Riverside

Hotel, Kuching. March 16th, 1998. c) Secretary for the JSPS Regional Workshop for the Development of the Sago Industries, jointly organised

by UNIMAS and JSPS, Crowne Plaza Riverside Hotel, Kuching. August 21-22nd, 2000. d) Chairman for the Systematic Waste Management Workshop, jointly organised by UNIMAS, IOBB

Australia and University of London, Crowne Plaza Riverside Hotel, Kuching. September 15-18th, 2002. e) Chairman for the 1st ASEAN Sago Symposium, jointly organised by UNIMAS, NECFER, UNMUL, IPB &

NUCLEAR Malaysia. 29-30th, Oct., 2009. f) Advisor to the 2nd ASEAN Sago Symposium, jointly organised by UNIMAS, CRAUN, IPB & FAO Thailand.

Malaysia. 29-30th, Oct., 2012. g) Chairman of i-FoRST, informative magazine of the Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, UNIMAS,

since 2013. h) Chairman of the Special Committee of the Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, UNIMAS, since

20134for the improvement of Guidelines in Writing Project Proposal, Final Year Project Report and Scientific Communication course.


E. AWARDS

a. Sago Award for Young Researcher from JSPS, 2001. Awarded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) during the 7th International Sago Symposium held at Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea on June 27th, 2001. b. Pingat Perkhidmatan Bakti (Perak), Sarawak State Government, 2005 Awarded in conjunction with the 84th birthday of TYT Negeri Sarawak on September 10th, 2005. c. Pingat Perkhidmatan Setia, Sarawak State Government, 2006 Awarded by State Government of Sarawak, on 6th June 2006. d. Gold Medal for Exhibition of Inventions, Geneva 2006. 34th International Exhibition of Inventions of Geneva, Switzerland. April 5th - 9th, 2006. e. Silver Medal, BioMalaysia Symposium 2008. Production of Ethanol from Sago Utilising the Ishizaki Process. K.L. Convention Centre. Oct 6th-9th, 2008 f. Anugerah Ma’al Hijrah Pencapaian Gemilang 2008. Ma’al Hijrah 2008 Award for the category of ‘Excellent Achievement in Research and Development’. 29th December 2008. g. Anugerah Perkhidmatan Setia 2009. h. Gold Medal at Seoul International Invention Festival, 2014. Sugar from Sago Hampas. i. Anugerah Johan Bintang Kenyalang 2016.

F. ACADEMIC REFEREES / ASSESSORS

a. National Referees: Prof. Dr. Mohamed Ismail Abdul Karim Department of Biotechnology Engineering Faculty of Engineering International Islamic University Jalan Gombak 53100 KUALA LUMPUR

Telephone : 03-61964573 Handphone : 012-313-8119 Email : [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Saberi bin Othman Jabatan Biologi Fakulti Sains dan Matematik Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris 35900 Tanjong Malim PERAK DARUL RIDZUAN

Telephone : 05-4506472 Handphone : 019-303-4913 Email : [email protected]


b. International Referees: Prof. Dr. Horst W.Doelle, DSc, DSc. Chairman, International Organisation for Biotechnology and Bioengineering (IOBB) Forest Place Retirement Village P43/356 Blunder Rd, DURACK 4007 Australia.

Email : [email protected] : [email protected]

Prof. Emeritus Dr. Ayaaki Ishizaki President, New Century Fermentation Research Ltd. Room 101, F-Bic, 1-1, Hyakunen Koen, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka-ken, Japan Tel/Fax:0942-37-2245

Email: [email protected]

SUPERVISION OF STUDENTS APPENDIX 1

A. FINAL YEAR PROJECTS: BSc

1. Biotransformation of Sago Waste by a Commercially Prepared and Stress-Adapted Microorganisms 2. Biotransformation of Sago Waste Solid by a Thermophillic Fungal Isolate 3. Biotransformation of Sago Waste Solid by a Mesophillic Fungal Isolate 4. Identification of Pollutants from a Solid Waste Dumping Site 5. Enzymatic Treatment for the Liquifaction of Sago Starch 6. Microbiology of Pepper Stalk Waste Degradation 7. Physical and Chemical Treatments for the Enhancement of Sago Hampas Fermentation 8. Production of Soil Conditioner from Pepper Stalk Waste 9. Growth and Nutrient Analysis of Pepper Stalk Waste Processed by the Forced Aeration Method 10. Production of Amylase, Cellulase and Sugars from Fresh Sago Pith Using Koji Inoculum 11. Production of Amylase, Cellulase and Sugars from Sago Pith Waste Using Koji Inoculum 12. Effects of Inoculum and Sugar Concentration on Alcohol Production from Hydrolysed Sago Starch 13. Effects of pH Lactate Fermentation on Hydrolysed Sago Starch Utilising Lactococcus lactis IO-1 14. Effects of temperature on production of lactate from hydrolysed sago starch utilising Lactococcus

lactis IO-1 15. Effects of pH on ethanol production from fermentation of hydrolysed sago starch by Zymomonas

mobilis 16. Effects of temperature on production of ethanol from hydrolysed sago starch utilising Zymomonas

mobilis 17. Production of Natural Rubber Serum (NRS) from natural rubber 18. Effects of NRSP and pH on glucose utilisation of Zymomonas mobilis 19. Effects of pH on reducing sugar production from hydrolysed sago starch using Bacillus

amyloliquefaciens 20. Effects of NRSP and temperature on glucose utilisation of Zymomonas mobilis 21. Effects of temperature on reducing sugar production from hydrolysed sago starch using Bacillus

amyloliquefaciens 22. Effects of NRSP and temperature on glucose utilisation by Lactococcus lactis 23. Effects of NRSP and pH on glucose utilisation by Lactococcus lactis 24. Purification of ethanol from Zymomonas mobilis 25. Purification of lactate from Lactococcus lactis 26. Production of NRSC from natural rubber 27. Effects of NRSC on lactate production Lactococcus lactis

mailto:[email protected]


28. Effects of pH on ethanol production from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 29. Effects of NRSC on ethanol production from Zymomonas mobilis 30. Effects of Agitation and Aeration on Degradation of Sago Effluent 31. Effects of pH on lactic acid production in a batch fermentation system 32. Effects of harvesting and feeding volumes on lactate concentration in a fed-batch fermentation

system. 33. Effects of selected microbial amendments on the treatment of filtered sago effluent 34. Effects of Sample Volume and Weight of Activated Carbon in the Filtration of Lactic Acid 35. Effects of Polypeptone In Lactic Acid Fermentation Utilising Lactococcus lactis. 36. Effects of High Density Fermentation on Lactic Acid Production from Sago Starch. 37. Effects of Natural Rubber Serum Powder (NRSP) on Biomass and Lactic Acid Production from

Hydrolysed Sago Starch (HSS) 38. Prospects of Large-Scale Culture of Yeast in Modified Sago Effluent. 39. Systematic Treatment of Sago Effluent Utilising the Sequencing Batch Reactor 40. Systematic Treatment of Sago Effluent Based on the Completely Mixed Activated Sludge System. 41. Effects of Eluent pH on the Purification and Recovery of L(+)-Lactic Acid Using Powdered Activated

Charcoal 42. Direct L-lactic Acid Production by Enterococcus faecium No.78 on Different Carbon Sources 43. Effects of pH adjustment on activity of NRSP (Natural Rubber Serum Powder) on Production of L-lactic

Acid 44. Effects of Storage on Activity of NRSP (Natural Rubber Serum Powder) on Production of L-lactic Acid 45. Effects of Flowrates on the Purification and Recovery of L(+)-Lactic Acid Using Powdered Activated

Charcoal 46. Direct L-lactic Acid Production by Enterococcus durans No.79 Using Sago Starch 47. Effects of Inoculation Volume and Culture Enrichment on Growth of Spirulina platencis in Sago Effluent 48. Effects of Light Source and Culture Enrichment on Growth of Spirulina platencis in Sago Effluent 49. Analyses of Microbial Growth on Locally Produced Ragi for Tape Fermentation 50. Production of Glucose on Tape Fermentation from Different Starch Sources 51. Effects of Temperature and Time on Production of Glucose in Tape Fermentation 52. Ethanol Fermentation from Yeast on Sago Milk 53. Effects of Yeast Extract & Biomass on Production of Bacteriocin 54. Hydrolysis of Sago Hampas for Production of Fermentable Sugars 55. Effects of CO2 Concentrations on Algal Growth 56. Ethanol fermentation of sago pith 57. Development of Methods for Production of Sugars from Cassava 58. Use of Mieki as an Alternative to Yeast Extract in Ethanol Fermentation 59. Production of Fermentable Sugars from Cassava Hampas 60. Effects of Lighting on Flow Culture of Scenedesmus in MSE 61. Effects of Lighting on Flow Culture of Spirulina in MSE 62. Effects of Lighting on Static Culture of Spirulina in MSE 63. Effects of CO2 on Flow Culture of Scenedesmus in MSE 64. Effects of CO2 on Flow Culture of Spirulina in MSE 65. Effects of CO2 on Static Culture of Spirulina in MSE 66. Use of Poly-Glutamate (PGA) for Flocculation of Spirulina grown in MSE 67. Use of Poly-Glutamate (PGA) for Flocculation of Scenesdemus grown in MSE 68. Effects of CO2 input during the different growth phases of Spirulina 69. Effects of CO2 input during the different growth phases of Scenedesmus 70. Flow Culture of Scenedesmus in MSE 71. Flow Culture of Spirulina in FSE 72. Static Culture of Spirulina in Water 73. Static Culture of Scenedesmus in Water


74. Flow Culture of Spirulina in MSE 75. Static Culture of Scenedesmus in MSE 76. Flow Culture of Scenedesmus in FSE 77. Static Culture of Spirulina in FSE 78. Static Culture of Spirulina in MSE 79. Static Culture of Scenedesmus in FSE 80. Controlled Batch Culture of Scenedesmus 81. Controlled Fed-Batch Culture of Scenedesmus 82. Uncontrolled Batch Culture of Scenedesmus 83. Uncontrolled Fed-Batch Culture of Scenedesmus 84. Culture of Scenedesmus in Clear Plastic Bottles 85. Production & Crystallization of Tapioca Sugars 86. Production of Lactic Acid from Tapioca Sugars 87. Production of Ethanol from Tapioca Sugars Batch Lactic acid production in hydrolyzed sago starch

using an alkaliphile Lactic acid bacterium. 88. Lactic acid production using a new isolated strain of Enterococcus faecalis in hydrolyzed sago starch

using repeated batch fermentation (co-supervisor) 89. Batch Ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae under very high gravity conditions in

hydrolyzed sago starch (co-supervisor) 90. Ethanol fermentation by a co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and an amylolytic strain in

hydrolyzed sago starch (co-supervisor) 91. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation for ethanol production using Saccharomyces

cerevisiae. 92. Batch Ethanol production in hydrolyzed sago starch using alkaliphile yeast strain (co-supervisor) 93. Repeated batch fermentation for ethanol production at high temperature using Candida tropicalis (co-

supervisor) 94. Direct Fermentation of Sugar Cane Syrup to Ethanol 95. Development of Purification and Crystallization of Yam Sugar 96. Development of Purification and Crystallization of Sweet Potato Sugar 97. Development of Purification and Crystallization of Potato Sugar 98. Comparison Between Wet and Dry Extraction of Starch from Fresh Sago Pith 99. Effects of NaNO3 in Static Culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus 100. Effects of K2HPO4 on Static Culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus 101. Effects of NaHCO3 on Static Culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus 102. Static Culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus in Modified Water 103. Effects of NaHCO3 on Flow Culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus 104. Effects of K2HPO4 on Flow Culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus 105. Effects of NaNO3 in Flow Culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus 106. Production of Sugar from Banana Stem Fibre 107. Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Oil Palm Leaves for Production of Sugars 108. Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sago Fronds & Leaves for Production of Sugars 109. Development of Hydrolysed Sago Hampas to Produce Fish Feed 110. Effects of Surface Area in Oven Drying of Raw Sago Sugars 111. Effects of Volume in Oven Drying of Raw Sago Sugars 112. Effects of Amount of PAC on Purification of Raw Sago Sugars 113. Effects of Volume on Purification of Raw Sago Sugars 114. Effects of Enzymes Concentration on Hydrolysis of Sago Starch 115. Effects of Starch Concentration on Hydrolysis of Sago Starch 116. Production of Sago Sugar from Sago Milk 117. Analyses of Sago Sugar in Sago Effluent 118. Effects of Treatments on PAC in Purification of Brown Sago Sugar


119. Effects of Sugar Concentrations During Purification on PAC 120. Characterisation of Nipah Sugar 121. Effects of Cellobiose Supplement on Culture of Lactococcus lactis IO-1

B. GRADUATE STUDENTS: MSc WITH THESIS

1. Studies on Biodegradation of Sago Waste Pith by Bacteria (Co-Supervisor) – Jong Bor Chan 2. Lactate Fermentation of Sago Starch – Paulawaty Jolherry 3. Ethanol Fermentation of Sago Starch – Dyg Salwani bt Awg Adeni 4. Maximisation of Lactic Acid Production and Recovery – Suriya bt Jobli 5. Systematic Treatment of Sago Effluent by the Multipond System – Mohd Alfian b Yusop 6. Biodegradation of Crude Oils by Microorganisms Isolated from Mangrove Environments (Co-Supervisor)

– Nor Kamala bt Jalia 7. Studies of Lactic Acid Stability Under Storage – Ang Shin Ying 8. Production of Natural Rubber Serum for Large-Scale Lactic Acid Fermentations - Azila bt Adnan 9. Direct L-Lactic Acid Production from Sago Starch by Enterococcus faecium No. 78 – Rubena bt Kamaldin 10. A Study on Domestic Solid Waste Production and Management in the Bisapug Community (Rural Area)

in Kuching Sub-District - Eulogius Justin Rajang 11. Pilot-Scale Enzymatic Production and Purification of Sugars from Sago Starch (S2G) – Hafizah bt Booty 12. Development of Spirulina Culture in Modified Sago Effluent - Merlina Manggi 13. Study of Initial Starch Concentration, Inoculum Size and pH Control in Bioethanol Production for Fuel

Utilising the ‘Ishizaki Process’ – Lenny Niyong 14. Maximising Hydrolysis of Separated Sago Fibres for Pilot-Scale Ethanol Fermentation - Ugam Janggu 15. Production and Purification of Bacteriocin by Lactococcus Lactis IO-1 from Sago Starch - Sarina Niyup 16. Pulverised Natural Dye Research on Powdered Dyes for Textile Dyeing - Feroza bt Ahmad Faiz (Co-

Supervisor) 17. User-friendly Natural Dyes for Printed Textiles – Ong Wan Fen (Co-Supervisor) 18. Production of Kojic Acid by Aspergillus flavus Link 44-1 from Sago Hampas - Alvin Miai Spencer 19. Culture Developments of Petro-Algae for Maximimum Production of Biodiesel - Komathi

Balasupramaniam 20. Ethanol production at high temperature using Candida tropicalis – Nurul Faseeha bt Zulkifli (Co-

Supervisor) 21. Cleanliness of Wastewater from Sago Mill by Using Polyglutamic Acid and Tangential Flow Filtration –

Samantha Siong Ling Chee (Co-Supervisor) 22. Development on Purification and Storage Parameters of Sago Sugars - Nur Jannah bt Monib 23. Pharmaceutical Analyses of Sago Sugar - Nadia Dayana Sikem 2014 24. Cultivation of Scenedesmus dimorphus for The Production of Biodiesel – Nurfarahin Jainuddin 2015 25. Production Of Cellobiose From Sago Frond As Antimicrobial Agent - Muhammad Norhelmi Ahmad 2015 26. Optimization of sago hampas hydrolysate as a fermentable media for ethanol production using

statistical experimental design - Sharifah bt Mohammad (Co-supervisor) 2015 27. Pilot-scale culture of spirulina for production of single cell protein - Fara Izmyra binti Muzafar Shah 2015 28. Growth, Biomass Productivity & Sugar Production from the Newly Improved Petai Belalang Clones with

Reduced Mimosine Content – Hemnaarth Tanakaran (2015) 29. Production Of Bacteriocin From Sago Hampas In Continuous Mode. Maryana bt Dahari. (Co-supervisor)

2015 30. Mathematical Modelling In Growing Of Ethanologenic Microorganisms In Sago Starch Based Media.

Nurfaezzah Bt Amat Jafar. (Co-supervisor) 2015 31. Production Of Ethanol By Using High Gravity Of Sago Starch And Comparing Between CSI And ITV Strain.

Nur ‘Ain Izaty Bt Abd Hamid. (Co-supervisor) 2015 32. Production Of Lactic Acid By Comparing Lactococcus Lactis Io1 And Thermophilic Bacteria And By Using

Alternative Nitrogen Sources. Nur Fashareena Adila Bt Abdul Rahim. (Co-supervisor) 2015


C. GRADUATE STUDENTS: MSc WITHOUT THESIS 1. A Study On Domestic Solid Waste Production And Management In The Bisapug Community (Rural Area)

In Kuching Sub-District Sewage and Green Waste Composting - Eulogius Ak Justin Rajang: 2005-2006 2. Composting of Green Waste (DBKU) - Syarini binti Sajali: 2006-2007 3. Composting of Food Waste (DBKU) - Salmah binti Taip: 2006-2007 4. Composting of Green Waste and Food Waste (DBKU) - Millaa-Armilla binti Asli: 2006-2007 5. The Study Of Solid Waste Recycling Amongst Secondary Schools In Kuching City North Area (DBKU) -

Durie Austine: 2007-2008 6. A Study of Community-Based Solid Waste Production and Management at Kampung Bako, Kuching,

Sarawak (DBKU) - Rahmah Biak: 2007-2008 7. Recycling Practices Of Municipal Solid Wastes In DBKU Areas (DBKU) - Haneefa Aniza Bt Hassan: 2012-13 8. Processing Of Organic Waste From Fast Food Outlets - Vincent Lau Hui Chek: 2012-13 9. Processing Of Green Waste For Compost Production (DBKU) - Siti Nurbaidzuri Reili : 2012-13

D. GRADUATE STUDENTS: PhD

1. Sago Effluent Treatment Through Selective Microbial Enhancement from Activated Sago Sludge - Wahi

Abd Rashid (UPMKB) – (Co-Supervisor) 2. A Combined 4-Stage Wastewater Treatment System for Sago Effluent (Faculty of Engineering, UNIMAS)

– Oon Yin Yee (Co-Supervisor) 3. The Feasibility of Waste Starch from Sago Processing Industry as Feedstock for Bioethanol Production

(Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, UNIMAS) - Dyg Salwani bt Awg Adeni (Co-Supervisor). 2013

4. Production of Compost from Organic Wastes (Sago Hampas & Municipal Wastes) by Turned Windrow, Forced-Aeration and In-Vessel Composting Systems - Milla Armillaa bt Asli (Main Supervisor). 2016

RESEARCH ACTIVITIES APPENDIX 2

A. COMPLETED PROJECTS

1. A Survey of Public Attitude Towards Waste Recycling: Opportunities and Problems

Researchers: Dr Kopli b Bujang Dr Abg Riduan b Abg Awit Dr Gabriel T Noweg Amount of Fund RM13,210 Source of Fund UNIMAS Research Vot No. 75/95(44). Year Start / End 1995/1995


2. Microbial Degradation of Sago Waste by Microorganisms Researchers Dr Kasing Apun Dr Kopli b Bujang Dr Mohd Azib Salleh Dr Awg Iskandar Dzulkarnaen b P Rayari Amount of Fund RM27,960 Source of Fund UNIMAS Research Vot No. 3/94 Year Start / End 1994/96

3. Management and Utilisation of Pepper Stalk Waste Researcher Dr Kopli b Bujang Amount of Fund RM10,000 2 Final Year Projects Source of Fund Pepper Marketing Board of Sarawak. Year Start / End 1997/98 4. Production of Amylase, Cellulase and Sugars from Sago Pith Using Koji Inoculum

Researcher Dr Kopli b Bujang Amount of Fund RM10,000 2 Final Year Projects Source of Fund Pawada Food Industries Sdn Bhd Year Start / End 1998/99 5. Sago Starch Fermentation in the Production of Ethanol Researcher Dr Kopli b Bujang Amount of Fund RM20,000 Source of Fund UNIMAS Short Term Grant No. 149/99(03) Year Start / End 1999/01 6. Sago Starch Fermentation in the Production of Lactic Acid Researcher Dr Kopli b Bujang Amount of Fund RM20,000 Source of Fund UNIMAS Short Term Grant No. 165/99(19) Year Start / End 1999/01 7. Microbial Fermentation in the Production of Energy and Novel Compounds

Researchers Prof Ayaaki Ishizaki, Prof Yoshiyuki Nomura

Dr Kopli b Bujang Amount of Fund 1999/2000 : ¥3.0 million. 2000/2001 : ¥3.5 million. 2001/2002 : ¥3.6 million Total RM359,634 Source of Fund NEDO, Japan Year Start / End 1999/2002


8. Downstream Processing and Purification of Lactic Acid Researcher Dr Kopli b Bujang 1 MSc student Amount of Fund RM10,000 Source of Fund UNIMAS Short Term Grant No. 1/29/306/2002(43) Year Start / End 2002/03 9. Biodegradation of Crude Oils by Microorganisms Isolated from Mangrove Environments Researchers Dr Zani b Assim

Dr Kopli b Bujang (Co-supervisor) 1 MSc student

Amount of Fund RM20,000 Source of Fund UNIMAS Short Term Grant No. 1/47/327/2002(64) Year Start / End 2001/03 10. Systematic Treatment of Sago Effluent by the Multipond System Researcher Dr Kopli b Bujang 1 MSc student Amount of Fund RM20,000 Source of Fund UNIMAS Short Term Grant No. 305/02(42) Year Start / End 2002/04 11. Developments of Methods to Enhance Lactic Acid Stability Researchers Dyg Salwani Awg Adeni

Dr Kopli b Bujang Amount of Fund RM15,000 Source of Fund UNIMAS Short Term Grant No. 1/66/387/2003(124) Year Start / End 2003/04 12. Production of NRSP as An Alternative to Yeast Extract Researchers Dyg Salwani Awg Adeni

Dr Kopli b Bujang Amount of Fund RM10,000 Source of Fund UNIMAS Short Term Grant No. 1/66/386/2003(123) Year Start / End 2003/04


13. Developments of Fermentation Process for the Production & Storage of Lactic Acid from Sago Starch Researchers Dr Kopli b Bujang

Dyg Salwani Awg Adeni Prof Yoshiyuki Nomura (Sojo Univ., Kumamoto, Japan)

1 MSc student Amount of Fund RM115,000 Source of Fund IRPA 09 02 09 1024 EA001 Year Start / End 2004/06 14. Developments of Methods for the Systematic Treatment of Sago Effluent Researchers Dr Kopli b Bujang

Dr Zani b Assim Prof Joe M Lopez-Real (Univ. of London, United Kingdom)

1 MSc student Amount of Fund RM162,000 Source of Fund IRPA 08 02 09 1023 EA001 Year Start / End 2004/06 15. Pilot-Scale Enzymatic Production and Purification of Sugars from Sago Starch Researchers Prof Dr Kopli b Bujang

Assoc Prof Dr Law Puong Ling Assoc Prof Dr Fasihuddin Badaruddin Ahmad

Amount of Fund RM44,600.00 Source of Fund Kerusi Tun Openg (Sago Chair) UNIMAS: ORC/02/2007(02) Year Start / End October 2007/ September 2009

16. Characterisation of Genes Encoding Starch Degrading Enzymes from Bacillus

amyloliquefaciens UMAS1002 for Genetic Enhancement of Lactococcus lactis Researchers Dr. Mohd Hasnain bin Md Hussain

Dr Awg Ahmad Sallehin b Awg Hussaini Prof Dr Kopli b Bujang Pn Dyg Salwani bt Awg Adeni

Amount of Fund RM102,200.00 Source of Fund FRGS, MOSTI / FRGS/01(08)/657/2007(22) Year Start / End August 2007/ July 2009

17. Maximising Algal Culture for Production of Biofuel Researchers Prof Dr Kopli b Bujang

Assoc Prof Dr Fasihuddin Badaruddin Ahmad Assoc Prof Dr Zani Assim Dr Norhadi Ismail Dr Othman Bojo

Amount of Fund RM15,000.00 (initial amount) Source of Fund Global Bonanza, Kuala Lumpur. Year Start / End May 2008 / March 2009


18. Development of Soluble Powdered Natural Dyes for Textile Dyeing and Printing Researchers Dr. June Ngo Siok Kheng (Project Leader)

Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang Dr. Kamarul’Ain Mustapa

Amount of Fund RM 24,317.00. Source of Fund UNIMAS Special Innovation Grant : Code DI/08/2008(04) Year Start / End October 2008 / October 2010

19. Pilot-Scale High Speed Fermentation of Ethanol for Fuel from Sago Utilising the ‘Ishizaki Process’ Researchers Prof Dr Kopli b Bujang

Prof Ayaaki Ishizaki (NECFER, Japan) Amount of Fund RM11.6 million Source of Fund Techno Fund, MOSTI (TF0206-B001) Year Start / End August 2007/ April 2009 20. Improvement of the CMS Agrotech Sdn Bhd Composting Technology for Production of Biofertilizer Researchers AP Dr Awang Ahmad Sallehin Awang Husaini (Project Leader) AP Dr Zainab Ngaini, AP Dr Mohd Hasnain Md Hussain, AP Dr Hairul Azman Roslan,

Dr Siti Rubiah Zainuddin, Prof Dr Kasing Apun, AP Dr Petrus Bulan, Dr Azham Zulkharnain, Prof Ismail Ahmad dan Prof Dr Hj Kopli Bujang

Amount of Fund RM 55,000.00 Source of Fund CMS Agrotech Sdn Bhd. (L18403 F07 00 CMS AGROTECH) Year Start / End January 2011 / July 2012 21. Development of Purification and Storage Parameters for Sago Sugars Researchers Prof Dr Kopli Bujang (Project Leader) AP Dr Cirilo N. Hipolito Amount of Fund RM 50,000.00 Source of Fund Kerusi Tun Openg (Sago Chair) UNIMAS: ORC/05/2011(01) Year Start / End October 2011 /January 2013 22. Cleanliness of Wastewater from Sago Mill Using Polyglutamic Acid and Tangential Flow Filtration Researchers AP Dr Cirilo N. Hipolito (Project Leader) Prof Dr Kopli Bujang Dr Samuel Lihan Amount of Fund RM 50,000.00 Source of Fund Kerusi Tun Openg (Sago Chair) UNIMAS: ORC/05/2011(05) Year Start / End October 2011 /January 2013


23. Production of Kojic Acid by Aspergillus flavus LINK44-1 from Sago Hampas Researchers Nurashikin Suhaili (Project Leader) Prof Dr Kopli Bujang AP Dr Awang Ahmad Sallehin Awang Husaini Dyg Salwani bt Awg Adeni Amount of Fund RM 50,000.00 Source of Fund Kerusi Tun Openg (Sago Chair) UNIMAS: ORC/05/2011(05) Year Start / End October 2011 /January 2013 24. Development of Eco-Mordant from Sago Effluent for Natural Dyes Processes

Researchers Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hjh. Nazlina Shaari (Project Leader) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zainab Ngaini Assoc. Prof. Dr Khairul Aidil Azlin Abd Rahman Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang Amount of Fund RM 90,000.00 Source of Fund PRGS / 710419-07-5594 Year Start / End Sept 2011 /July 2013

25. Novel Hybrid Biotechnology System: Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) with Activated-Carbon Adsorption for Bioenergy Production and Wastewater Treatment

Researchers Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang (Project Leader) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hj. Mohamad Omar Abdullah

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Cirilo Nolasco-Hipolito Dr. Ivy Tan Ai Wei Mohamed Afizal Bin Mohamed Amin Amount of Fund RM 132,000.00 Source of Fund ERGS / STG07(01)/1006/2013(03) Year Start / End Jun 2013 / Jun 2016

26. Physiochemical and Nutritive Properties of Sago (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Sugar Researchers Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang (Project Leader) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Awg Ahmad Sallehin Awg Husaini

Dayang Salwani Awang Adeni Fazia Mohamad Sinang Amount of Fund RM 111,000.00 Source of Fund FRGS / SG01(01)/1068/2013(14) Year Start / End Dec 2013 / Dec 2015


B. ON-GOING PROJECTS 1. Formulation of a biodiesel fuel from waste oil via a local heterogeneous ostrich eggshell-based

catalyst, chemical characterization and effect of biodiesel-H2O emulsion study on a small portable diesel generator system supplemented by fuel cell

Researchers Prof. Dr. Hj. Mohamad Omar Abdullah (Project Leader) Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang

Assoc Prof Cirilo Nolasco Hipolito Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdullah Yassin Amount of Fund RM661,700 Source of Fund TRGS 2014-1 Year Start / End April 2014 / March 2017

2. Production of Cellobiose from Sago Frond as Antimicrobial Agent Researchers Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang (Project Leader) Dr. Dyg Salwani bt Awg Adeni Amount of Fund RM54,000 Source of Fund F07(ORC21)/1227/2015(08) Year Start / End March 2015 / March 2017 3. Isolation and Characterization of a Lactic Acid Bacterium and Testing Its Productivity in a Stirred

Tank Bioreactor

Researchers Assoc Prof Dr Cirilo N. Hipolito (Leader) Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang

Amount of Fund RM131,000 Source of Fund F02/FRGS/150/2016 Year Start / End April 2016 / March 2019

4. Noodle Production from Sago Starch

Researchers Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang (Project Leader) Prof. Dr. Pang Suh Cem Amount of Fund RM60,000 Source of Fund F07/TOC/1515/2016 Year Start / End Dec 2016 / Dec 2018

5. Production of Cellobiose from Sago Frond as Antimicrobial Agent and Prebiotic Media

Researchers Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang (Project Leader) Dr. Dyg Salwani bt Awg Adeni Amount of Fund RM20,000 Source of Fund F07/SpFRGS/1588/2017 Year Start / End March 2017 / March 2019


6. Recovery of Xylose via Dilute Acid Pre-Treatment of Sago Waste Lignocellulosic Materials for Xylitol Production by Candida tropicalis

Researchers Dr. Dyg Salwani bt Awg Adeni (Project Leader) Prof. Dr. Kopli Bujang Amount of Fund RM20,000 Source of Fund F07/SpGS/1552/2017 Year Start / End March 2017 / March 2019

C. APPLICATIONS: SUBMITTED

TITLE POSITION GRANT

Production and Utilisation of Cellobiose from Sago Frond as an Alternative Susbtrate for Lactic Acid Fermentation

Leader FRGS 2017-1

Very-High-Gravity Ethanol Fermentation from Sago Hampas via Fed-Batch System: A Way Forward to Meet Industrial Demand

Co-researcher Dyg Salwani

FRGS 2017-1

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS APPENDIX 3

1. K.B. Bujang and G.H. Halliwell (1988). The Cellulase System of Clostridium thermocellum with Special

Reference to an Endo-glucanase Component. Proc. 11th Malaysian Society for Microbiology Symp., 22nd –23rd August. 1988, Kuala Lumpur. pp: 33-34.

2. K.B. Bujang and J.M. Lopez-Real (1993). Composting for the Treatment of Cattle Wastes. Compost

Science and Utilization, (3): 38-40.

3. K.B. Bujang and J.M. Lopez-Real (1993). Treatments and Safe Disposal of Cattle Wastes by Composting. Sustainable Development Challenges for the Asia-Pacific Region in the 21st Century. ASAIHL Seminar. Griffith Univ., Brisbane, Australia. 6 - 8th July, 1993. pg: 20.

4. K.B. Bujang and J.M. Lopez-Real (1993). On-Farm Composting in the U.K. Biocycle: J. Waste

Management. 34(8): 72-73.

5. K.B. Bujang. (1993). Recycling of Domestic and Industrial Wastes with Special Reference to Paper Products. Proc. of 16th Malaysian Society for Microbiology Symp. 28-29th October, 1993, Langkawi, Kedah. pg. 43.

6. K.B. Bujang. (1993). Composting as an Alternative Method for the Treatment and Safe Disposal of

Sewage Sludges and Other Organic Wastes. Proc. Tropical Natural Resource Symp. 6-8th December, 1993. Kuching. pp: 133-140.

7. K.B. Bujang. (1994). Composting Industrial Biosolids. Biocycle: J. Waste Management. 35(10): 27.

8. K.B. Bujang, P. Bulan and I.M. Yussof (1994). Biotechnology of Biosludge Processing and Possible Use

of the Product in Soil Reclamation. Proc. 17th Symp of Malaysian Society for Microbiology. 29-30th October, 1994. Penang.


9. K. Apun, M.A. Salleh, K.B. Bujang; M.Y.M. Fariduddin; I.P.R. Awang and B.C. Jong (1995). Degradation of Sago Waste by Microorganisms. Proc. 18th Malaysian Society for Microbiology Symp. 23-24th August, 1995. Kuching, Sarawak. pg: 8.

10. K.B. Bujang, A. A. Riduan and G.T. Noweg (1996). A Survey of Public Attitude Towards Waste

Recycling: Opportunities and Problems. Proc. 39th WEF Conference. Education and the Environment. 6-10th August, 1996. Kuching, Sarawak. pg: 59.

11. K.B. Bujang, Q. Syed; K. Syamsu; S. Chauvatcharin and N.H. Hiep (1996). Technical Enzyme Production

in Pilot Plant Scale: Case Study for the Production of Penicillin G-Acylase from E. coli. 10th International Conference in Biotechnology: Biotechnology and Its Global Impact. 7-11 Oct., 1996. Gesellschaft fur Biotechnologische Forschung mbH. Braunschweig, Germany. pp: 1-34.

12. Awang, I.P.R. and K.B. Bujang (1996). A Plaque Assay for Screening an antiviral activity of Stichopus

variegatus. UNESCO Sub-Regional Seminar/Workshop on Marine Natural Products. 16-21st October, 1996. Kota Samarahan, Sarawak.

13. K. Apun, M.A. Salleh, B.C. Jong and K.B. Bujang (1996). Screening and Isolation of Cellullolytic and

Amylolytic Microorganisms from Sago Waste. Proc. 6th International Sago Symposium. Sago: The Future Source of Food and Feed. Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Sumatra. Rep. of Indonesia. 9-12th Dec., 1996.

14. K. Apun, K.B. Bujang, B.C. Jong and M.A. Salleh (1996). Enzymatic Activities of Locally Isolated

Bacteria on Sago Waste Residue. Proc. 6th International Sago Symposium. Sago: The Future Source of Food and Feed. Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Sumatra. Rep. of Indonesia. 9-12th Dec., 1996. pp: 127-134.

15. K.B. Bujang, K. Apun and M.A. Salleh (1996). A study in the Production and Bioconversion of Sago

Waste. Proc. 6th International Sago Symposium. Sago: The Future Source of Food and Feed. Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Sumatra. Rep. of Indonesia. 9-12th December, 1996. pp: 193-200.

16. K.B. Bujang; K. Syamsu; S. Chauvatcharin; N.H. Hiep and Q. Syed (1996). Pilot-scale purification of

Penicillin G-Acylase from E. coli. Proc. 8th National Biotechnology Seminar. 25-27th November, 1996. Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. pp: 34-37.

17. K.B. Bujang (1997). Country Report: Agricultural Waste Management in Malaysia. ICRO-UNESCO-

MIRCEN Regional Training Course, Prince of Songkhla University, Hat Yai, Thailand. 4-16th August, 1997. pg:4.

18. I.P.R. Awang; K.B. Bujang; Din, L.B.; Said, M.I. and Ismail, G. (1997). Antiviral Effects of Blumea

balsamifera Extractant on Japanese Encephalitis Virus. FRST UNIMAS 1st Research Colloquium. 29-31st August, 1997. Kubah National Park. Kuching, Sarawak.

19. K.B. Bujang (1997). Palm Oil, Rubber and Sago: Prospects and Problems of Agricultural Waste

Management in Malaysia. FRST, UNIMAS 1st Research Colloquium. 29-31st August., 1997. Kubah National Park, Kuching, Sarawak.

20. K.B. Bujang and D. Muniandy (1997). Pilot-Scale Study of Sago Hampas Biodegradation Utilizing Biolyte

1030. FRST UNIMAS 1st Research Colloquium. 29-31st August., 1997. Kubah National Park, Kuching, Sarawak.


21. K.B. Bujang (1997). Roles of Local Councils and Importance of Monetary Benefits to Increase Public Participation in Waste Recycling Programs. FRST UNIMAS 1st Research Colloquium. 29-31st August, 1997. Kubah National Park. Kuching, Sarawak.

22. Z. Assim; M.R. Asaruddin and K.B. Bujang (1997). Organic Pollutants in Ground Water from a Landfill

Site. FRST UNIMAS 1st Research Colloquium. 29-31st August, 1997. Kubah National Park. Kuching, Sarawak.

23. K.B. Bujang; K. Apun, M.A. Salleh and B.C. Jong (1997). HPLC Analysis on Products from Fermentation

of Sago Hampas Using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Effects of Agitation and Dissolved Oxygen Tension (DOT). Proc. 9th National Biotechnology Seminar. CGAT (UKM) and NBD (MOSTE). 23-26th November, 1997. Penang, Malaysia.

24. A. Ishizaki, S. Michiwaki, E. Crabbe, G. Kobayashi, K. Sonomoto, S. Yoshino, D. M. Flores and K. B.

Bujang (1997). Extractive ABE Fermentation Using Crude Palm Oil Methylester: A New Approach for Sago Waste Treatment. Annual Report of ICBiotech. Osaka Univ., Japan. 20: 237-249.

25. K.B. Bujang; Ishizaki, A. and Michiwaki, S. (1997). Effects of Corn-Steep Liquor (CSL) and Natural Rubber Serum Powder (NRSP) on ABE Fermentation of Meisellase Hydrolysed Sago Effluent Amended with Raw Sago Starch. Annual Report of ICBiotech. Osaka Univ., Japan 20: 325-331.

26. K.B. Bujang; Ishizaki, A. and Michiwaki, S. (1997). Continuous Solvent Production by Clostridium

saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 with Product Separation Utilising Hollow-Fibre Filter Membrane Filtration. Annual Report of ICBiotech. Osaka Univ., Japan. 20: 332-336.

27. K.B. Bujang; Ishizaki, A.; Michiwaki, S. and Crabbe, E. (1997). Comparison Between Crude Palm Oil

Ester and Oleyl-alcohol as the Extraction Media on Product Recovery in ABE Fermentation of Sago Effluent. Annual Report of ICBiotech. Osaka Univ., Japan. 20: 337-344.

28. K.B. Bujang; B.H. Mukhtar and W.H. Ngiu (1998). Production of Soil Conditioner from Pepper Stalk

Waste. 1st International Seminar on Pepper and Other Spices: "Opportunities and Challenges". Pepper Marketing Board, MAFI. Dept. Agriculture, Sarawak. Crowne Plaza, Kuching. 12th October. 1998.

29. K.B. Bujang and F. Sazali (1998). Identification and Enumeration Studies of Microorganisms During

Composting of Pepper Stalk Waste. 1st International Seminar on Pepper and Other Spices: "Opportunities and Challenges". Pepper Marketing Board, MAFI. Dept. Agriculture, Sarawak. Crowne Plaza, Kuching. 12th October. 1998.

30. K.B. Bujang and B.C. Jong (1998). Effects of Dissolved Oxygen Tension (DOT) During Fermentation of

Sago Hampas Using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. 8th FAOBMB Congress. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in the Era of Biotechnology. MOSTE. 22-26 Nov., 1998. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. pp: 66-67.

31. K.B. Bujang (1998). Potentials of Sago in the Food and Energy Industries. Sago Communication. Inter.

Sago Network and Tsukuba Sago Fund. Ibaraki, Japan. 9(1): 6-8.

32. A. Ishizaki; S. Michiwaki and K.B. Bujang. (1998). Extractive Acetone Butanol Fermentation Using Crude Palm Oil Methyl Ester for Sago Waste Effluent. Mini Sago Workshop. March 16th, 1998. Kuching. Sarawak. Malaysia. pp: 1-5.

33. Crabbe, E.; Nolasco-Hipolito, C.; Kobayashi, G.; Sonomoto, K.; Yoshino, S.; Ishizaki, A. and K.B. Bujang.

(1998). Hydrolysed Sago Starch as Feedstock for Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol Fermentation by Clostridium


saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 (ATCC 13564). Annual Report of ICBiotech. Osaka Univ., Japan. 21: 325-332.

34. Jolhiri, P. and K.B. Bujang. (1998). Lactate Fermentation of Sago Starch. Annual Report of ICBiotech.

Osaka Univ., Japan. 21: 454-466.

35. Adeni, D.S.A. and K.B. Bujang. (1998). Ethanol Fermentation of Sago Starch. Annual Report of ICBiotech. Osaka Univ., Japan. 21: 467-475

36. K.B. Bujang and F.B. Ahmad. (1999). Production, Properties and Utilisation of Sago Starch in Malaysia.

In: Sustainable Small-Scale Sago Starch Extraction and Utilisation: Guidelines for the Sago Industry. Kasertsart Agric. and Agro-Indust. Prod. Dev. Institute (KAPI) and FAO. August 9-11th, 1999. Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. pp:82-95.

37. K.B. Bujang (1999). Prospects of Composting. Seminar on Solid Waste Recycling. 21st Oct. 1999. MBKS,

Kuching. Sarawak.

38. K.B. Bujang; D.S.A. Adeni, and A. lshizaki. (2000). Effects of pH on Production of Ethanol from Hydrolysed Sago Starch Utilising Zymomonas mobilis. ICBiotech. Osaka Univ. Japan (14): 20-26.

39. K.B. Bujang; P. Jolhiri and A. Ishizaki. (2000). Effects of pH on Production of Lactate From Hydrolysed

Sago Starch Utilising Lactococcus lactis IO-1. ICBiotech. Osaka Univ. Japan (14): 27-31.

40. K.B. Bujang, D.S.A. Adeni and P. Jolhiri. (2000). Effects of Starch Concentrations and pH on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sago Starch. ICBiotech. Osaka Univ. Japan (14): 32-35.

41. K.B. Bujang and D.S.A. Adeni (2000). Effects of Dilution Rate and pH Control in Ethanol Fermentation

of Hydrolysed Sago Starch. SAGO 2000. The International Sago Seminar. March 22-23rd, 2000. Bogor. Indonesia. pp: 117-123.

42. K.B. Bujang and F.B. Ahmad (2000). Production and Utilization of Sago Starch In Malaysia. Sago

Communication. Inter. Sago Network and Tsukuba Sago Fund. Ibaraki, Japan. 11(1): 1-6.

43. K.B. Bujang, D.S.A. Adeni, A. Ishizaki and H.D. Zakpaa (2000). Effects of Different Dilution Rates on Production of Ethanol from Hydrolysed Sago Starch Utilising Zymomonas mobilis. JSPS Regional Activity for the Development of the Sago Industries: Sustainable Production and Optimum Utilisation of Sago Starch. August 21-22nd, 2000. Kuching, Sarawak. pp: 5-9.

44. K.B. Bujang, D.S.A. Adeni, A. Ishizaki and H.D. Zakpaa (2000). Ethanol Production from Fermentation of

Sago Starch. FRST UNIMAS 2nd Research Colloquium. November 11-13th, 2000. Hilton Batang Ai Resort, Lubok Antu, Sarawak.

45. K.B. Bujang, P. Jolhery, A. Ishizaki and H.D. Zakpaa (2000). Production of Lactic Acid from Continous

Fermentation of Hydrolysed Sago Starch Utilising Lactococcus lactis IO-1: Effects of Cell Recycling on Various Dilution Rates. FRST UNIMAS 2nd Research Colloquium. November 11-13th, 2000. Hilton Batang Ai Resort, Lubok Antu, Sarawak.


46. K.B. Bujang, D.S.A. Adeni, A. Ishizaki and H.D. Zakpaa (2000). Continous Fermentation of Hydrolysed Sago Starch in the Production of Ethanol: Effects of Dilution Rates and Cell Recyling. 23rd Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. 19-21 November 2000. Aseania Resort, Langkawi, Malaysia. pp:75-78.

47. K.B. Bujang; D.S.A. Adeni and P. Jolhery. (2001). Potentials of Sago Starch in the Energy and Lactate

Industries in Malaysia. In: Diversity and Optimum Utilization of Biological Resources in the Torrid and Subtropical Zones. Sago Inter. Symp. June 2, 2001. Fukuoka. Japan. pp: 9-12.

48. K.B. Bujang (2001). Smart Options for Sustainable Sago Processing. 24th Symposium of the Malaysian

Society for Microbiology. New Horizons in Microbiology. 9-12 Sept. 2001. Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. pg: 8

49. K.B. Bujang; P. Jolhery; D.S.A. Adeni; A. Ishizaki and H.D.H. Zakpaa. (2001). Continuous Fermentation

of Lactic Acid from Sago Starch: Effects of Dilution Rates and Cell Recycling. 24th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. New Horizons in Microbiology. 9-12 Sept. 2001. Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. pg: 60-63.

50. K.B. Bujang (2001). Fermentation of Hydrolysed Sago Starch for Microbial Conversion into Lactate and

Ethanol. Proc. International Seminar on K-Starch 2001: Increasing Utilisation and Production Quality in the Starch Industry. Oct. 16-18, 2001. Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.

51. K.B. Bujang (2001). Economics and Waste Management of Sago Processing. ICBiotech. Osaka Univ.

Japan. (15): 186-190.

52. K.B. Bujang (2002). Microbial Conversion of Tropical Biomass for Chemical Industry and Novel Biofuel Production. International Joint Research Grant Program. NEDO. Dec. 2-3rd, 2002. Ikebukuro. Japan. pp: 110-119.

53. K. Apun and K.B. Bujang (2002). Biotechnology and Its Application in Agriculture and Environment.

Students’ Science Convention 2002. 22-24th October 2002, Sibu, Sarawak.

54. K.B. Bujang and S. Jobli (2002). Effects of Glucose Feed Concentrations on Continuous Lactate Production from Sago Starch. ICBiotech. Osaka Univ. Japan. Oct. 27-30th, 2002. pp 358 – 363.

55. K.B. Bujang (2002). Current Status of Biotechnology and Lactic Acid Research in Malaysia. Asian

Federation of Lactic Acid Bacteria. Faculty of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Tokyo. Japan. Nov 28th, 2002.

56. N. K. Jalia, Z. Assim, S. Saruji and K.B. Bujang (2003). Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crude Oil

Samples from Sarawak. Analytical Chemistry: Application and Current Issues. Unimas and ANALIS (Publs.). pp: 331-341.

57. K.B. Bujang, S. Sujang and D.S.A. Adeni (2004). Effects of Calcium Carbonate in Fermentation of L-

Lactic Acid from Hydrolysed Sago Starch. ICBiotech. Osaka Univ. Japan (26): 637-643.

58. K.B. Bujang (2004). Use of Shell MDS Biosludge as Soil Conditioner. Organic Wastes: Challenges & Opportunities. Organised by EACS, Univ Malaysia Sabah and Kota Kinabalu City Hall. April 12-13th, 2004.


59. K.B. Bujang (2004). Development of Sago Research in Malaysia: With Special Reference to UNIMAS. Invited Lecture at Department of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki Campus, Fukuoka (September 8th, 2004).

60. K.B. Bujang (2004). Development of Sago Research in Malaysia: With Special Reference to UNIMAS.

Invited Lecture at Suntori Lecture Hall, Osaka University, Suita Campus, Osaka, Japan (September 9th, 2004).

61. K.B. Bujang, D.S.A. Adeni and P. Jolhiri (2004). Development of Method for Rapid Hydrolysis of Sago

Starch. EXPO MALAYSIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EXHIBITION. COSTAM. The Palace of Golden Horses, The Mines, Kuala Lumpur. 5 – 7 October, 2004.

62. K. B. Bujang and D. Muniandy (2004). Production of Soil Conditioner from Sago Hampas. EXPO

MALAYSIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EXHIBITION. COSTAM. The Palace of Golden Horses, The Mines, Kuala Lumpur. 5 – 7 October, 2004.

63. K.B. Bujang and S. Jobli (2004). Development of High Recovery System for Lactic Acid Production from

Sago Starch. EXPO MALAYSIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EXHIBITION. COSTAM. The Palace of Golden Horses, The Mines, Kuala Lumpur. 5 – 7 October, 2004.

64. K.B. Bujang, M.A. Yusop and J.M. Lopez-Real (2004). Effects of Aeration and Agitation in the Systematic Treatment of Sago Effluent. EXPO MALAYSIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EXHIBITION. COSTAM. The Palace of Golden Horses, The Mines, Kuala Lumpur. 5 – 7 October, 2004.

65. K.B. Bujang (2004). Production of Glucose and Lactic Acid from Sago Starch. Presented at the Melaka

Biogenesis Challenge. Melaka Institute for Biotechnology. 20th Oct. 2004.

66. K.B. Bujang, S.Y. Ang, D.S. Adeni and Y. Nomura (2004). Recovery of Lactic Acid from Sago Starch Using Powdered Activated Charcoal. EXPO MALAYSIAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EXHIBITION. COSTAM. The Palace of Golden Horses, The Mines, Kuala Lumpur. 5 – 7 October, 2004.

67. K.B. Bujang, T. Muari and S. Jobli (2004). Natural Rubber Serum Powder (NRSP) for Large Scale Lactic

Acid Production. Proc. 26th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. Langkawi, Kedah. November 25-28th, 2004. pg 62.

68. K.B. Bujang, S.Y. Ang and G. Kobayashi (2004). Production of L(+)-Lactic Acid from Hydrolysed Sago

Starch by Lactococcus lactis IO-1 Utilising a Cross Flow Microfiltration System for Cell Recycling. Proc. 26th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. Langkawi, Kedah. November 25-28th, 2004. pg 88.

69. K.B. Bujang (2004). Developments in the Production and Purification of Lactic Acid from Sago Starch.

JSPS-NRCT, DOST, LIPI, VCC Joint Seminar. Sustainable Development of Biotechnology in the Tropics. Bali. Indonesia. ICBiotec and LIPI. Dec 3-4th, 2004.

70. K.B. Bujang (2004). Current Developments in the Production and Purification of L-Lactic Acid from

Sago Starch. Sustainable Development of Biotechnology in the Tropics. ICBiotec. Osaka Univ. Japan. (17): 38-42.

71. K.B. Bujang, M.A. Yusop and K. Sonomoto (2005). Degradation of Sago Effluent by Aerobic Methods.

Unimas RIMC Research Paper Series (1): 45-50.


72. K.B. Bujang, S.Y. Ang and D.S. Adeni (2005). Recovery of L(+)-Lactic Acid from Sago Starch: Effects of Filtration Volume Using Powdered Activated Charcoal. Unimas RIMC Research Paper Series (1): 107-111.

73. K.B. Bujang, D.S.A Adeni and S.Y. Ang (2005). Production and Purification of L-Lactic Acid from

Fermentation of Hydrolyzed Sago Starch. Proceeding of the 27th Malaysian Microbiology Symp. Penang. 24th-27th Nov., 2005.

74. K.B. Bujang, S. Jobli and S.Y. Ang (2006). Purification of L-Lactic Acid From Sago Starch Using Powdered

Activated Charcoal. Unimas RIMC Research Paper Series.

75. K.B. Bujang and M.A. Yusop (2006). Systematic Treatment of Sago Effluent Using Fed-Batch System. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak RIMC Research Paper Series (2): 29-35.

76. Z.B. Assim, N.K. Jalia and K.B. Bujang (2006). Biodegradation of Semarang Crude Oil Using a Bacterial

Consortium Enriched from Mangrove Sediment. Unimas RIMC Research Paper Series.

77. K.B. Bujang (2006). Production of L-Lactic Acid from Sago Starch (Production d' Acide Lactique-L à partir de la fécule de Sagou). 34th International Exhibition of Inventions of Geneva. Geneva. Switzerland. April 5th - 9th, 2006. (Gold Medal).

78. K.B. Bujang and M. A. Yusop (2006). Maximising Degradation of Filtered Sago Effluent Using Microbial Amendment. Conference On Natural Resources In The Tropics: Development and Commercialisation of Tropical Natural Resources. Kuching, Sarawak. 6 – 8 June 2006.

79. K.B. Bujang, S. Sujang and D.S.A. Adeni (2006). Enhancing L-Lactic Acid Production from Sago Starch

Using Calcium Carbonate. Conference On Natural Resources In The Tropics: Development and Commercialisation of Tropical Natural Resources. Kuching, Sarawak. 6 – 8 June 2006.

80. Ang, S.Y.; K.B. Bujang and D.S.A. Adeni (2006). Purification of Lactic Acid from Hydrolyzed Sago Starch

Fermentation by Powdered Activated Carbon (PAC): Adsorption Isotherm and Kinetic Studies. 31st Annual Conf of the Malaysian Soc. for Biochem & Mol Biol. 17th August 2006. Putrajaya, Selangor.

81. Adnan, A. and K.B. Bujang (2006). Optimization of Natural Rubber Serum (NRS) Production and

Preliminary Test on Effects of Natural Rubber Serum (NRS) on Lactococcus lactis IO-1 Biomass Concentrations in Batch Fermentation. 28th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology: Harnessing Microbes for the Advancement of Biotechnology. Renaissance Hotel, Melaka. 24-27th Nov., 2006.

82. Kamal, R.M. and K.B. Bujang (2006). Production of L-Lactic Acid Using Sago Starch by Enterococcus

faecium No. 78. 28th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology: Harnessing Microbes for the Advancement of Biotechnology. Renaissance Hotel, Melaka. 24-27th Nov., 2006.

83. K.B. Bujang and Law, P.L. (2006). Pilot-scale Production of Sugars from Sago Starch. BioMalaysia 2006.

Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre. 6-8 Dec., 2006.

84. K.B. Bujang, D.S.A., Adeni; A., Ishizaki and H. D. Zakpaa (2006). Continuous Ethanol Fermentation on a Hollow Fiber Filter Module (HFM). CRAUN Sago Research Journal.

85. K.B. Bujang (2007). Further Research on Sago: Towards Industrial-Scale Starch Fermentation Plant.

Corporate Agriculture Directory 2007. Ministry of Agric. & Agro-Based Industry, Malaysia. TM Info Media Sdn Bhd. Pp: 88-89.


86. K.B. Bujang and R.M. Kamal. (2007). Development of L-Lactic Acid Production by Enterococcus faecium

No. 78 by Direct Fermentation from Sago Starch. UNIMAS RIMC Res. Paper Series.

87. K.B. Bujang (2008). Production of Biofuel from Biomass. BioMalaysia 2008 Symp. Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre. Oct 6th-9th, 2008.

88. K.B. Bujang and A. Ishizaki (2008). Production of Ethanol from Sago Utilising the Ishizaki Process.

BioMalaysia 2008 Symp. Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre. Oct 6th-9th, 2008 (Silver medal).

89. H. Booty and K.B. Bujang (2008). Production and Purification of Sugars from Various Starch Sources. 10th Symposium of the Malaysian Society of Applied Biology. 6-8th November 2008. Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.

90. L. Niyong and K.B. Bujang (2008). Use of Mieki in Large-Scale Production of Ethanol for Fuel from Sago

Starch. 10th Symposium of the Malaysian Society of Applied Biology. 6-8th November 2008. Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.

91. M. Manggi and K.B. Bujang (2008). Maximising Growth of Spirulina platensis as Organic Health

Supplement in Modified Sago Effluent. 10th Symposium of the Malaysian Society of Applied Biology. 6-8th November 2008. Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.

92. R.M. Kamal and K.B. Bujang (2008). Production of L-lactic Acid on Hydrolyzed Sago Starch by

Enterococcus faecium No. 78. 10th Symposium of the Malaysian Society of Applied Biology. 6-8th November 2008. Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.

93. U. Janggu and K.B. Bujang (2008). Development of Cellulose Treatments Procedures for Production of

Fermentable Sugars from Sago Hampas for Ethanol Fermentation. 10th Symposium of the Malaysian Society of Applied Biology. 6-8th November 2008. Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.

94. K.B. Bujang (2008). Potentials of Bioenergy from the Sago Industries in Malaysia. EOLSS - Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems. UNESCO - IOBB, Brisbane, Australia.

95. Carvajal-Zarrabal, O.; Nolasco-Hipólito, C.; Bujang, K.B. and Ishizaki, A. (2009). Production of Nisin Z

Using Lactococcus lactis IO-1 from Hydrolyzed Sago Starch. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology. Vol. 36, Issue 3 (March 2009), page: 409-415. Springer Berlin/Heidelberg.

96. U. Janggu and K.B. Bujang (2009). Pre-treatments of Sago Fiber for Ethanol Fermentation. MyIPO Expo

- National Intelectual Property Day Expo. 23-26 April 2009. KL Convention Centre, K.L.

97. K.B. Bujang (2009). Are We Biofueled for the Future?. Corporate Agriculture Directory 2009/10. Ministry of Agric. & Agro-Based Industry, Malaysia. TM Info Media Sdn Bhd. Pp: 30-32.

98. H.B. Booty and K.B. Bujang (2009). Maximising Production of Sugars from Enzymatic Hydrolysis of

Various Starch Sources, Compared to Sago Starch. Proceedings of the 1st ASEAN Sago Symposium. Organised by UNIMAS, collaborated with NUKLEAR (Malaysia), NECFER (Japan), Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda (Indonesia) and Institut Pertanian Bogor (Indonesia). Riverside Majestic Hotel, Kuching. 29-30th October, 2009. Pg: 70-73.

99. D.S.A. Adeni; U. Janggu; S. Abd-Aziz; K.B. Bujang and P. L. Yee (2009). Glucose Recovery from Sago

Hampas for Ethanol Fermentation. 1st ASEAN Sago Symposium. Organised by UNIMAS, collaborated


with NUKLEAR (Malaysia), NECFER (Japan), Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda (Indonesia) and Institut Pertanian Bogor (Indonesia). Riverside Majestic Hotel, Kuching. 29-30th October, 2009. Pg:54-57.

100. U. Janggu and K.B. Bujang (2009). Maximizing Sugar Production from Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Sago

Fiber for Ethanol Fermentation. Proceedings of the 1st ASEAN Sago Symposium. Organised by UNIMAS, collaborated with NUKLEAR (Malaysia), NECFER (Japan), Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda (Indonesia) and Institut Pertanian Bogor (Indonesia). Riverside Majestic Hotel, Kuching. 29-30th October, 2009. Pg: 30-33.

101. L. Niyong and K.B. Bujang (2009). Effects of Different Nitrogen Sources on Continuous Ethanol

Fermentation of Hydrolysed Sago Starch. Proceedings of the 1st ASEAN Sago Symposium. Organised by UNIMAS, collaborated with NUKLEAR (Malaysia), NECFER (Japan), Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda (Indonesia) and Institut Pertanian Bogor (Indonesia). Riverside Majestic Hotel, Kuching. 29-30th October, 2009. Pg: 113-115.

102. M. Manggi and K.B. Bujang (2009). Flow-Culture System for Mass-Production of Spirulina platensis

Cultivated in Modified Sago Effluent. Proceedings of the 1st ASEAN Sago Symposium. Organised by UNIMAS, collaborated with NUKLEAR (Malaysia), NECFER (Japan), Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda (Indonesia) and Institut Pertanian Bogor (Indonesia). Riverside Majestic Hotel, Kuching. 29-30th October, 2009. Pg: 116-118.

103. U. Janggu, Adeni, D.S. and K.B. Bujang (2009). Micro-Structural Changes of Sago Fiber from

Pretreatment and Enzymatic Hydrolysis for Liberation of Sugars. Proceedings of the 1st ASEAN Sago Symposium. Organised by UNIMAS, collaborated with NUKLEAR (Malaysia), NECFER (Japan), Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda (Indonesia) and Institut Pertanian Bogor (Indonesia). Riverside Majestic Hotel, Kuching. 29-30th October, 2009. Pg: 110-112.

104. D.S.A. Adeni, S. Abd-Aziz, K.B. Bujang and M.A. Hassan (2010). Bioconversion of Sago Residue into

Value Added Products. African J. of Biotechnol. Vol. 9 (14): 2016-2021.

105. W.A. Rashid; H. Musa; W.S. King and K.B. Bujang (2010). The Potential of Extended Aeration System for Sago Effluent Treatment. American Journal of Applied Sciences 7(5): 616-619.

106. Bujang. K.B. and Manggi, M. (2010). Culture of Spirulina platensis in Modified Sago Effluent for

Production of Single-cell Protein. Creativity & Innovation Week. SIRIM. 15th-17th April, Shah Alam, Malaysia.

107. Bujang, K.B. and Ismail, N.B. (2010). Culture of Petro-alga for Production of Bio-Diesel. Creativity &

Innovation Week. SIRIM. 15th-17th April, Shah Alam, Malaysia.

108. Bujang, K.B. and U. Janggu (2010). Potentials of Sago Fiber as Feed for Large-Scale Bioethanol Process. Creativity & Innovation Week. SIRIM. 15th-17th April, Shah Alam, Malaysia.

109. Bujang, K.B. (2010). Production and Processing of Sago. Invited Speaker. The International Seminar

on Sago and Spices for Food Security. Ambon. Rep. Indonesia. 28-29th July, 2010.

110. Bujang, K.B. (2010). Development of Sago as A Food and Fuel Alternative. Invited Speaker. My1Bio Symposium. Berjaya Hotel, Kuala Lumpur. MOSTI. 30-31st October, 2010.


111. Balasupramaniam, K. and Bujang, K.B. (2011). Static Culture System for Mass Culture of Scenedesmus dimorphus in Boiled Fermentation Broth. 2nd Inter. Conf. on Biotechnology & Engineering. Organised by Kulliyyah of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia. 17-19 May 2011. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

112. Bujang, K.B. (2011). Potential of Sago for Commercial Production of Sugars. Invited Speaker. The 10th

International Sago Symposium. Dept. of Agronomy & Horticulture. Bogor Agricultural University. Bogor. Rep. Indonesia. 28-30th October, 2011.

113. Bujang, K.B. (2011). Microbial Conversion of Sago Sugars into Lactic Acid. Invited Speaker.

International Congress of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology 2011. Malaysian Society for Microbiology. Penang, Malaysia. 8-11th December, 2011.

114. C. Nolasco-Hipolito, O. Carvajal-Zarrabal, K.B. Bujang, R.M. Kamaldin, S. Lihan and Ling Teck Yee

(2011). Repeated Batch Fermentation For Lactic Acid Production by Enteroccocus faecium in Liquefied Sago Starch. International Congress of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology 2011. Malaysian Society for Microbiology. Penang, Malaysia. 8-11th December, 2011.

115. Balasupramaniam, K. and Bujang, K.B. (2011). Assessing Growth Performance of Saccharomyces

cerevisiae in Stillage from Ethanol Fermentation. 1st Postgraduate Symposium on Resource Science and Technology. Organised by Faculty Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. 20-21 December 2011, Kuching, Sarawak.

116. Balasupramaniam, K. and Bujang, K.B. (2011). Culture Development of Baker’s Yeast in Spent

Fermentation Broth for Production of Single Cell Protein. International Congress of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology 2011. Malaysian Society for Microbiology. Penang, Malaysia. 8-11th December, 2011.

117. Niyup, S.; Hipolito, C.N. and Bujang, K.B. (2011). Nisin Production by Lactococcus lactis IO-1 in Batch

Fermentation. 1st Postgraduate Symposium on Resource Science and Technology. Organised by Faculty Resource Science and Technology, University Malaysia Sarawak. 20-21 December 2011, Kuching, Sarawak.

118. Carvajal-Zarrabal, O.; Barradas-Dermitz, D.M.; Flores, Z.O.; Hayward-Jones, P.M.; Nolasco-Hipólito, C.;

Aguilar-Uscanga, G.; Miranda-Medina, A. and Bujang, K.B. (2012). Hibiscus sabdariffa L., Roselle Calyx, From Ethnobotany to Pharmacology. J. Experimental Pharmacology, 4:25-39. Dove Medical Press. Ltd.

119. Balasupramaniam, K. and Bujang, K.B. (2012). Culture of Baker’s Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae in

Spent Fermentation Broth from Ethanol Production. 4th International Conference on Biotechnology for the Wellness Industry. Organised by University Technology Mara (UTM). 20 & 21st Jun, 2012. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

120. Carvajal-Zarrabal, O.; Nolasco-Hipólito, C.; Barradas-Dermitz, D.M.; Hayward-Jones P.M.;, Robles-Olvera, V.; Aguilar-Uscanga M. G. and K. B. Bujang (2012). Treatment of Vinasse from Tequila

Production Using Polyglutamic Acid. J. of Environ. Manag. 95: 66-70.

121. Balasupramaniam, K. and Bujang, K.B. (2012). Recycling the Stillage Liquid from Bioethanol Production. Postgraduate Research Poster Competition. Organised by Centre of Postgraduate Studies, UNIMAS. January, 2012. Kuching, Sarawak.


122. Bujang, K.B.; Balasupramaniam, K. and Ismail, N. (2012). Utilising Stillage from Ethanol Fermentation of Hydrolysed Sago Starch for Yeast Cultivation. Proc. 2nd ASEAN Sago Symposium. Coorganised by UNIMAS, CRAUN, IPB & FAO. 29-30th October 2012.

123. Empading, A.M.S.; Suhaili, N.; Bujang, K.B. and Hussaini, A.A.S. (2012). Comparative Study of Kojic acid

Production from Sago Hampas using Different Strains of Aspergillus flavus via Solid State Fermentation. Proc. 2nd ASEAN Sago Symposium. Coorganised by UNIMAS, CRAUN, IPB & FAO. 29-30th October 2012.

124. Bujang, K.B.; Monib, N.J. and Nolasco-Hipolito, C. (2012). Production and Purification of Sago Sugar.

Proc. 2nd ASEAN Sago Symposium. Coorganised by UNIMAS, CRAUN, IPB & FAO. 29-30th October 2012. 125. Bujang, K.B.; Nolasco-Hipolito, C. and Niyup, S. (2012). Effects of Feeding Volume on Production of

Nisin by Fed-Batch Fermentation. Proc. 2nd ASEAN Sago Symposium. Coorganised by UNIMAS, CRAUN, IPB & FAO. 29-30th October 2012.

126. Bujang, K.B. (2012). A Holistic Approach To Maximise Productivities of The Sago Industry. Plenary Speaker. Proc. 2nd ASEAN Sago Symposium. Coorganised by UNIMAS, CRAUN, IPB & FAO. 29-30th October 2012. Page : 25-27.

127. Nolasco-Hipolito, C.; Carvajal-Zarrabal, O.; Kamaldin, R.M.; Teck-Yee, L.; Lihan, S.; Bujang, K.B. and Nitta, Y. (2012). Lactic Acid Production by Enteroccocus faecium in Liquefied Sago Starch. AMB Express, Springer. 2(53): 1-9.

128. Adeni, D.S.A.; Bujang, K.B.; Hassan, M.A. and Abd-Aziz, S. (2013). Recovery of Glucose from Residual

Starch of Sago Hampas for Bioethanol Production. Journal of Biomed. Research International. Vol. 2013. Article ID 935852.

129. Ngo, J. S. K.; Ong, W.B.; Ahmad, F.B. and Bujang, K.B. (2013). A Study of Soluble-Powdered Natural Dyes. Research Journal of Textile and Apparel, Vol. 17. No. 1. pg: 104-112. ISSN 1560-6074.

130. Nolasco-Hipolito, C.; Carvajal-Zarrabal, O; Kamaldin, R.M.; Hussaini, A.A.S, Bujang, K.B. and Lihan, S. (2013). Long-Term Repeated Batch Fermentation for Ethanol Production. XV Nat. Congr. of Biotech. & Bioeng. and 12th Inter. Symp. on Genetics of Industrial Microorganisms. June 23rd-28th, 2013. Cancun, Quintana Roo, Mexico.

131. Hussin, M.S.M.; Hussain, M.H.; Husaini, A.A.S.A.; Bujang, K.B.; Adeni, D.S.A. and Salleh, M.A. (2013). Preliminary Gene Characterization of α-Amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens UMAS 1002. Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology (2013) 3(2).

132. Bujang, K.B. (2013). Production of Sugar from Sago Palm. 2nd International Conference and Exhibition on Food Technology, Bioprocess & Cell Culture. October 28-30, 2013. Kansas City, Marriott Country Club Plaza, USA. J Food Process Technol 2013, 4:10

133. Bujang, K.B. (2014). Sago: A Food and Fuel Alternative. Invited Speaker. BioBorneo 2014: Sustaining the Bioeconomy Community. Organised by MOSTI, BiotechCorp, SBC and UNIMAS. 5-7 May 2014. Kuching.

134. Bujang, K.B. ; D.S.A. Adeni; Nolasco-Hipolito, C.; Kamaldin, R.M.; Janggu, U. (2014). Sugar from Sago Fibre. Gold Medal: Seoul International Invention Fair 2014. 28th Nov – 1st Dec, COEX, Seoul, Korea.


135. Vincent, M.; Norrezi, N.A.M.; Bujang, K.B. and Awang Adeni, D.S. (2014). The Effect of Substrate Concentration on Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Selected Food Waste for Glucose Production. Bioremediation Science & Technology Research, 2014, Vol 2, No 2, pp.1- 4.

136. Tee, P.F.; Abdullah, M.O.; Tan, I.A.W.; Nolasco-Hipolito, C. and Bujang, K.B. (2014). Review on Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) Hybrid Energy Systems for Wastewater Treatment and Bio-Energy Production. Proc. UNIMAS STEM EnCon 2014. http://rpsonline.com.sg/proceedings/9789810945879/ html/tp.html;doi: 10.3850/978-981-09-4587-9_P01.

137. Faiz, F.A.; Ngo, J.S.K and Bujang, K.B. (2014). Vitamin C After treatment for Silk Dyeing using Pulverised Plant Dyes. Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research (IJFTR) – in press.

138. Bujang, K.B.; Hipolito, C.N.; Hussaini, A.A.S.A.; Adeni, D.S.A.; F.M. Sinang & Sikem, N.D. (2014). Flavonoids from Sago Sugar. R&D Expo 2014. Organised by RIMC. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.

139. Ishizaki, A.; Nolasco-Hipolito, C.; Bujang, K.B.; Noda, H. and Sonomoto, K. (2015). New ethanol fermentation system coupled with turbidostat and chemostat controlled by effluent CO2 using Zymomonas mobilis CP-4. (submitted for publication).

140. Bujang, K.B.; Hussaini, A.A.S.A; Adeni, D.S.A, Sinang, F.M. and Sikem, N.D.S. (2015). Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Sago Sugar. R&D Expo 2015. Organised by RIMC. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.

141. Bujang, K.B.; Hussaini, A.A.S.A.; Adeni, D.S.A.; Sinang, F.M. and Sikem, D.S. (2015). Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Sago Sugar. Asian Congress on Biotechnology. Kuala Lumpur. 15-19th Nov., 2015.

142. Bujang, K.B. (2015). Production, Purification and Health Benefits of Sago Sugar. Invited Speaker. 12th International Sago Symposium. Rikkyo University. Tokyo, Japan. 15-17th Sept., 2015. (submitted full paper for Indexed Proc. For 2016).

143. Tee, P.F.; Abdullah, M.O.; Tan, I.A.W.; Abdul Rashid, N.K.; Mohamed Amin, M.A.; Nolasco-Hipolito, C.

and Bujang, K.B. (2016). Review on Hybrid Energy Systems for Wastewater Treatment and Bio-Energy Production. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews.54 (2016). 235-246.

144. Bujang, K.B. (2016). Sago: A Future Food Commodity from ASEAN. Invited Speaker. 5th Starchworld Asia. Sofitel Hotel. Sukhumvit. Bangkok. 25-27th January, 2016.

145. Faiz, F.A., Ngo, J.S.K., and Bujang, K.B. (2016). Ascorbic Acid Treatment to Improve the Lightfastness or

as a Reducing Agent on Silk Fabric Dyed with Pulverised Natural Dyes. Research Journal of Textile Apparel, Vol. 20, No.2. pp.74-86. Emerald Group Publishing Limited ISSN 1560-6074. DOI10.1108/RJTA-11-2014-0036.

146. Tee Pei Fang ; Ivy Ai Wei Tan; Mohamed Afizal Mohamed Amin; Cirilo Nolasco-Hipolito; K.B. Bujang

(2016). Title: Biofilm Formation, Electricity Generation and Pollutants Removal Efficiency of an Air-cathode, Tubular Upflow Microbial Fuel Cell with Adsorption Hybrid System under Different Temperature. Submitted to Journal of Power Sources (in press).

147. Pei-Fang Tee, Mohammad Omar Abdullah, Ivy A. W. Tan, Mohamed A. M. Amin, Cirilo Nolasco-Hipolito

and Kopli B. Bujang (2017). Bio-Energy Generation in an Affordable, Single-Chamber Microbial Fuel


Cell Integrated with Adsorption Hybrid System: Effects of Temperature and Comparison Study. J. of Environ. Technol. Vol. 38: 1-8. DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1320433

CONFERENCES AND SEMINAR APPENDIX 4

1. Composting - The Way Forward. Organised by WyeCycle. Wakefield Town Hall, Northampton, United

Kingdom. 15th September, 1992. 2. Environmental Impact Assessment Course. Organised by INTAN. Marudi and Mulu, Sarawak, Malaysia.

18-25th May, 1993. 3. Sustainable Development Challenges for the Asia Pacific Region in the 21st Century. ASAIHL Seminar,

Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia. 6-8th July, 1993. 4. 16th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. 28-29th Oct. 1993. Langkawi, Kedah,

Malaysia. 5. Malaysian Tropical Natural Resource Symp. 6 – 8th December, 1993, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 6. 17th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. 29-30th October, 1994. Penang. Malaysia. 7. 18th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. 23-24th August, 1995, Kuching, Sarawak,

Malaysia. 8. Seminar on Science and Mathematics for Malay Students. 1-2nd April, 1995. Santubong Kuching Resort,

Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 9. Modern Cell Culture and Fermentation Technology Seminar. 3rd July, 1996. Interscience Sdn. Bhd.

Subang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 10. 39th International Conference on Education and the Environment. World Education Fellowship. 6-10th

August, 1996. Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 11. 10th International Training Programme in Biotechnology (ITP). Gasselschaft fur Biotechnologishe

Forshung. Braunschweig, Germany. 26th August - 11th October, 1996. 12. Seminar on Scoping and Strategic Planning for National Biotechnology Park in Sarawak. 11-13th

November, 1996. Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 13. 8th National Biotechnology Seminar. 25-27th November, 1996. Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. 14. Workshop on Environmental Issues and Regional Needs. 16-19th June, 1997. Seameo Biotrop. Kuching.

Sarawak, Malaysia. 15. Lecture Course and Workshop on Chemistry of Natural Polymers and Health and Safety in the

Laboratory. CRAUN/LCDA and University of Birmingham, U.K., Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 8-12th July, 1997.


16. ICRO/UNESCO/MIRCEN Regional Training Course in Agro-Waste Management. Prince of Songkhla

University, Hat Yai, Thailand. 4-16th August, 1997. 17. Short Course on Fermentation Engineering: Microbiological Utilisation of Tropical Plant Resources. JSPS

Program, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. 1st –31st October, 1997. 18. 9th National Biotechnology Seminar. Positioning National R&D in Biotechnology for Global

Competitiveness. CGAT (UKM) and NBD (MOSTE). Parkroyal Resort Penang, Malaysia. 23-26th November. 1997.

19. Organiser for International JSPS Sago Workshop: Group 1: Crowne Plaza Riverside, Kuching, Sarawak,

Malaysia. March 16th – 20th, 1998. 20. 8th FAOBMB Congress. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in the Era of Biotechnology. MOSTE. Kuala

Lumpur, Malaysia. 22-26th November, 1998. 21. 21st Symposium of Malaysian Society for Microbiology. IDEAL. UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. 15-

16th December, 1998. 22. 22nd Symposium of Malaysian Society for Microbiology and JSPS, HRCT, DOST, LIPI, VCC Seminar.

Penang, Malaysia. 21-24 Nov., 1999. 23. SAGO 2000. The International Sago Seminar. IPB and JSPS. Bogor. Indonesia. 22-23 March, 2000. 24. Organiser for the JSPS Regional Workshop for the Development of the Sago Industry. Sustainable

Production and Optimum Utilisation of Sago Starch. 21-22 August, 2000. Kuching, Sarawak. 25. Bioreactor Operation, Maintenance and Troubleshooting. A 4-day hands-on course on fermentation and

downstream processing, UTM Skudai. 6-9 November 2000. 26. 23rd Symposium of Malaysian Society for Microbiology. 19-21 November 2000. Aseania Resort,

Langkawi, Malaysia. 27. Diversity and Optimum Utilization of Biological Resources in the Torrid and Subtropical Zones. Sago

Inter. Symp. June 2, 2001. Fukuoka. Japan. 28. 24th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. New Horizons in Microbiology. 9-12 Sept.

2001. Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia. 29. BioThailand 2001: From Research to Market. Nov. 7-10, 2001. Queen Sirikit Convention Center,

Bangkok, Thailand. 30. 20th Meeting of the Malaysia International Chamber of Commerce & Industry, 25th July, 2002, Kuala

Lumpur, Malaysia. 31. Systematic Waste Management. 16-18th Sept. 2002. Kuching, Sarawak. Organised by CTTC, UNIMAS,

IOBB Australia and Univ of London. 32. Internat Symp. on Tropical Natural Resources and Green Chemistry Strategy. Osaka International

Convention Centre, Japan. Oct 27-30th, 2002.


33. Asian Federation of Lactic Acid Bacteria. Fac. of Agric and Engin. University of Tokyo, City Campus, Tokyo, Japan. Nov. 28th, 2002.

34. Malaysian Science and Technology Convention (MASTEC 2003). 1-2 July 2003, Putrajaya Marriott Hotel,

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 35. Kursus dan Bengkel Manual Prosedur Kerja dan Fail Meja. Anjuran Unimas dan INTAN. 10 – 12th Sept

2003. Merdeka Palace Hotel, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 36. Natural Resources Resources, Environment and Development (NARED) 2003. 25-27 September 2003.

Hilton Hotel, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 37. Management of Intellectual Property Rights. 2003. Organised by PHIM and CTTC, Unimas. 26-27

September 2003, Merdeka Palace Hotel, Kuching, Malaysia. 38. 13th Science Conference of the Islamic Academy of Sciences (IAS). 29 Sept – 2 Oct 2003. Hilton Hotel,

Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia. 39. Organic Wastes: Challenges & Opportunities. Organised by EACS, Univ. Malaysia Sabah and KK City Hall.

April 12-13th, 2004. Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. 40. Practical Guide to New Product Development: Do It Right the First Time. April 21-22nd, 2004. INTAN.

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 41. Short Term Project: Research on Lactic Acid Production. JSPS Training Program. Kyushu University,

Japan. Sept 3-8th. 2004. 42. Short Term Project: Research on Lactic Acid Purification. JSPS Training Program. Osaka University, Japan.

Sept 9-15th, 2004. 43. Invited Lecture at Department of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki Campus, Fukuoka

(September 8th, 2004). Development of Sago Research in Malaysia: With Special Reference to UNIMAS. 44. Invited Lecture at Suntori Lecture Hall, Osaka University, Suita Campus, Osaka, Japan (September 9th,

2004). Development of Sago Research in Malaysia: With Special Reference to UNIMAS. 45. Expo Malaysian Science and Technology Exhibition. COSTAM. The Palace of Golden Horses, The Mines,

Kuala Lumpur. 5 – 7 October, 2004. 46. 26th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. Microbes: The Gateway to Biotechnology.

25-28th Nov. 2004. Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia. 47. Sustainable Development of Biotechnology in the Tropics. JSPS-NRCT, DOST, LIPI, VCC Joint Seminar. 3-4

Dec 2004. Bali, Indonesia. 48. 27th Symposium of the Malaysian Society for Microbiology. Innovation Through Microbes. 24-27th Nov.

2005. Penang, Malaysia. 49. 34th International Exhibition of Inventions of Geneva. Geneva. Switzerland. April 5th - 9th, 2006. 50. Conference On Natural Resources In The Tropics: Development and Commercialisation Of Tropical

Natural Resources. Kuching, Sarawak. 6 – 8 June 2006.


51. BioMalaysia 2006. Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre. 6-8 December 2006. 52. 3rd Annual World Biofuels Markets Congress & Exhibition. Brussels. Belgium. March 12th- 14th, 2008.

53. BioMalaysia 2008. 7-9th October, 2008, KL Convention Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

54. 10th Symposium of the Malaysian Society of Applied Biology. 6-8th November 2008. Kuching, Sarawak,

Malaysia.

55. National Intelectual Property Day Expo. 23-26 April 2009. KL Convention Centre, K.L.

56. Seminar on Liberisation of Higher Education. Leading Knowledge Excellence. Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia. Marriott Hotel, Putrajaya. 17-18th August, 2009.

57. 1st ASEAN Sago Symposium (Chairman of the Organising Committee). Co-organised with NUKLEAR Malaysia, Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda (Indonesia), Institut Pertanian Bogor (Indonesia), NECFER Kurume (Jepun). Hotel Riverside Majestic, Kuching, Sarawak. 29-30 Oktober, 2009.

58. Biotechnology Commercialisation Forum (Biocom 2009). Organised by the Malaysian Biotechnology Corporation.7-8 December, 2009. Sheraton Imperial, Kuala Lumpur.

59. Creativity & Innovation Week. SIRIM. 15th-17th April, Shah Alam, Malaysia.

60. Inivited Speaker: Production and Processing of Sago. The International Seminar on Sago and Spices for Food Security. SAILBanda. Ambon. Rep. Indonesia. 28-29th July, 2010.

61. Karnival Malaysia Inovatif (MI 2010) Zon Sarawak. Kuching Waterfront. Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation. 23-24th October, 2010.

62. Inivited Speaker: Development of Sago as a Food and Fuel Alternative. My1Bio Symposium. 30-31st October 2010. Kuala Lumpur.

63. Invited Speaker: The 10th International Sago Symposium. Sago for Food Security, Bioenergy and Industry: from Research to Market. Dept. of Agronomy & Horticulture. Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor. Rep. Indonesia. 28-30th October, 2011.

64. Invited Speaker: 2nd ASEAN Sago Symposium. Coorganised by UNIMAS, CRAUN, IPB & FAO. 29-30th October 2012.

65. Invited Speaker: BioBorneo 2014. Sustaining the Bioeconomy Community. 5-7th May 2014. UNIMAS.

66. Gold Medal: Seoul International Invention Fair 2014. 28th Nov – 1st Dec, COEX, Seoul, Korea.

67. Invited Speaker: 12th International Sago Symposium. Rikkyo University. Tokyo, Japan. 15-17th Sept., 2015.

68. Invited Speaker: 5th Starchworld Asia. Sofitel Hotel. Sukhumvit. Bangkok. 25-27th January, 2016.

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