Current Situation and Actions for nZEBin Japan · 2019-05-21 · Current Situation and Actions for...
Transcript of Current Situation and Actions for nZEBin Japan · 2019-05-21 · Current Situation and Actions for...
Current Situation and Actions for nZEB in Japan
Hideharu Niwa NIKKEN SEKKEI Research Institute, JapanChair of Committee on Guideline for Design of nZEB in SHASE*
REHVA BRUSSELS SUMMIT CONFERENCE (2017.11.14)
*The Society of Heating, Air-Conditioning and Sanitary Engineering
Gyo Onishi TAISEI CORPORATION, JapanObserver of Committee on Guideline for Design of nZEB in SHASE*
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Background of nZEB in Japan
1. NZEB (Net Zero Energy Building) has become recognized to be important for energy conservation and global warming prevention.
2. In Japan, after the East Japan Great Disaster, the need of self-sufficiency of energy has been recognized from the viewpoint of energy security.
3. Definition and Evaluation method of nZEB is not so clear that design method of nZEB is not yet established.
Discussion on Definition and Evaluation Method of NZEB in SHASE of Japan from 2012
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Continuous Committee on ZEB in SHASE of JAPAN
#1 Committee for Definition of ZEB 2012.4-2015.3・Research on worldwide trend of ZEB・Research on advanced trial for ZEB in Japan・Discussion on definition and evaluation of ZEB・Case study on definition and evaluation of ZEB ⇒Guideline for Definition and Evaluation of ZEB
#2 Committee on Feasibility of ZEB 2015.4-2017.3・Research on best practice in domestic and overseas・Feasibility study on realizing ZEB using simulation・Extraction elemental for technologies for ZEB realizing
#3 Committee on Guideline for Design of ZEB 2017.4-・Discussion on evaluation of elemental technologies for ZEB・Study on regarding definition, social value, and so on ZEB・Integration of elemental technologies for realizing ZEB ⇒Guideline for Design of ZEB, including pamphlet
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Today’s 5 Topics on nZEB
1. Design Approach for nZEB in Japan
2. Definition and Evaluation Method of nZEB
3. Research on Best Practice of nZEB
4. Guideline and Pamphlet for Design of nZEB
5. Future Tasks for Spread of nZEB in Japan
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Design Methods of Traditional Japanese Architecture
Pic.1 Traditional Japanese House “京町屋”
Design Methods for Saving Energy and Resource 1. Enjoying the Fluctuation of Indoor Environment2. Strict Load Control3. Use of Natural Energy4. Use of Natural Materials
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Fig.1 Example of Passive Design for Eco-logical Building in Japan
Shading of Sunlight Purging of Inner Heat
Natural Ventilation
Radiation Cooling
Well Water Cooling
For comfortable summer
Completed in 1995
Design Methods for Eco-logical Buildings in Japan
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Design Methods of Japanese Modern Architecture
Natural Lighting Natural Ventilation
Examples of Natural Energy Using of Modern Architecture
in 1960’s in 1980’s
A big atrium inside to encourage natural ventilation by chimney effect
Deep shelf to intake natural sunlight
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Design Methods of Sustainable Buildings in Japan
Solar collector PV
Light shelf
Atrium Meeting room
Lobby
Project room
Entrance
Cooling and Heating Trench
Wind PowerLouver
Summer, Mid-season: Natural ventilation
Winter: Heat recovery
1. Natural ventilation2. Day lighting3. Use of underground heat
4. Photovoltaic power 5. Solar heat collector6. Wind power
Passive and Active Design Methods are combined
Completed in 2002
Fig.2 Example of Passive and Active Design for Typical Sustainable Building
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Approach to net Zero Energy Building
0
200
400
600
800
0 200 400 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
Energy Consumption [MJ/a・㎡]
Gen
era
ted E
nerg
y [
MJ/
a・㎡
]
600
net Zero Energy net 200 net 400
Reference BuildingLow Energy Building
nearlyNet Zero Energy Building
Net Zero Energy
Energy Consumption
Ener
gy G
ener
atio
n
Fig.3 Approach to Net Zero Energy Building
X
y
Traditional Japanese House
Large Energy Increase
Passive and Active Approach for Energy Saving
RenewableEnergyGeneration
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LoadReduction
Optimizationof Indoor
Environment
Use ofNaturalEnergy
Optimizationof Outside
Environment
Use ofUnutilized
Energy
High EfficiencySystem
EnergyManagement
Use ofRenewable
Energy
#1 Passive Design Methodsfor Low Energy Building
#3 EnergyManagementMethod
Design Approach to Net Zero Energy Building
#2 Active Design Methodsfor Low Energy Infrastructure
Fig.5 Design Approach to Net Zero Energy Building
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PV(太陽電池)
光庭風庭
熱交換器
1.Optimization of Outside Environment1.1 Location of Building
Ventilation, Location of Building1.2 Outside Environment Planning
Green and water, Surface Material
2.Optimization Indoor Environment2.1 Thermal Environment
Temperature, Humidity, Radiation2.2 Lighting Environment
Optimization of illumination2.3 Air Quality
Outside Air Volume
4.Use of Natural Energy4.1 Natural Lighting
Top light, Light shelf, Light Duct4.2 Natural Ventilation4.3 Earth heat Using
Earth Tube, Geo-HP4.4 Solar Heat Using
Passive and Active
5.Use of Unutilized Energy5.1 Temperature Difference
Ground Water
6.High Efficiency System6.1 Lighting
LED、Natural LightingTask & Ambient Lighting
6.2 HVACHigh Efficiency Equipment
6.3 Heat SourceHigh Efficiency System
6.4 ElectricityHigh Efficiency Trans
6.5 OthersHW Supply system
6.6 ControlBlind Control Task & Ambient Control
3.Load Reduction3.1 Shading of Sunlight
Tree, Building Shape3.2 Insulation of Envelope
Window Surface, Pair GlassDouble Skin、Roof Greening
3.3 Reduction of Inner heatWaiting Power, Clouding
7.Resource and Material7.1 Resource7.2 Materials7.3 Waste
8.Use of Renewable Energy8.1 PV8.2 Wind Power8.3 Biomass
9.Energy Management9.1 BEMS9.2 LCEM9.3 Visualization
Design Methods of Net Zero Energy Building
Fig.6 Design Methods to Actualize Net Zero Energy Building
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Definition of NZEB in SHASE of Japan
Qualitative Definition
A Net Zero-Energy Building is a building
that has a high energy saving through load reduction, natural energy use and high energy efficiency
without decreasing the environmental quality both indoor and outdoor.
With the introduction of on-site renewable energies, the energy generation will be greater than or equal to the energy consumption.
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Fig.7 Approach to NZEB(Net Zero Energy Building)
Definition of NZEB in SHASE of Japan
Net Zero Energy Building
Net Zero Energy
Reference Building
Quantitative Definition
Exported Energy
Energy use
Others
・A Site boundary identifies the physical boundary (used for zero energy accounting).・G (Energy Generation)/C(Energy Consumption) balance・ D (Dlivered Energy)/ E(Exported Energy) balance・In principle, ZEB is measured through actual annual source energy.・Energy generated on-site is used for building needs; HVAC, lighting, plug load, others (ventilation, sanitary system、EV, etc.)・In the case the appliance energy is measured, it is possible to exclude appliance energy consumption from the building needs because it does not influence the building quality and also it's out of the building designer's control.
HVAC Lighting Plug load
R:Renewable Energy
G:Energy Generation
E:Exported Energy
Building
(On-site)
electricity
fuel
heat
electricity
D:Delivered Energy
C:Energy Consumption
Site boundary
heat
electricity
Demand
Supply
Building needs
Fig.8 Energy Demand and Energy Supply Balance of NZEB
Definition of NZEB in SHASE of Japan
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Net Zero EnergyBuilding is defined as G=C or D=E
Site BoundaryBuilding
E Exported Energy
D Delivered EnergyG Energy Generation
C Energy Consumption
R Renewable Energy
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Fig.9 Quantitative Definition of NZEB(Net Zero Energy Building)
Definition of NZEB in SHASE of Japan
・The weighted demand and the supply should be in principal primary energy consumption. ・If multiplied with coefficient, CO2 emissions and energy cost can be replacable by weighted supply and demand.
・Physical definition of ZEB is represented by G≈ C or D≈ E.
00
weighted demand(kWh,MJ,kg-CO2, etc.)
net Zero Energy
weig
hte
d su
pply
(kW
h,M
J,k
g-C
O2,
etc
.)
Reference Building
net Zero Energy Building
C
G
D
E
G C
D E
ZEB Definition
G≈Cor
D≈E
Net Zero EnergyBuilding is defined as G=C or E=D
Reference Building
Net Zero Energy Building
Net Zero Energy
Weighted Demand
Wei
ghte
d Su
pply
G=C
E=D
0.5
1.00.50.250.125
0
0
基準化需要量 C*Demand
net Zero Energy Building
基準
化供
給量
G*
Reference Building
ZEB
Oriented
net Plus
Energy Building
ZEB
Ready
G*:基準化需要量=評価対象建築物の生成エネルギー/レファレンスビルの消費エネルギーC*:基準化供給量=評価対象建築物の消費エネルギー/レファレンスビルの消費エネルギー
nearlyZEB
レベルⅡ
0.65
nearlyZEB
レベルⅠ
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Fig.10 NZEB(Net Zero Energy Building) Evaluation Path
C*︓normalized energy consumption
G*:normalized energy generation = energy generation of target building/ energy consumption of reference buildingC*:normalized energy consumption = energy consumption of target building/ energy consumption of reference building
ZEB Oriented Buildings
nearlyZEB
ZEBReady
PositiveZEB
Evaluation Standard of NZEBNet Zero Energy
Reference Building
G*︓
norm
aliz
ed e
nerg
yge
nera
tion
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Definition and Evaluation of nZEB METI, Japan
Fig.11 Definition of NZEB(Net Zero Energy Building) METI, Japan
METI’s ZEB Definition is based on SHASE’s ZEB definition.Therefore these are almost same.
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Overview of Best Practices of nZEB in Japan
Fig.12 External Appearance of Best Practices of NZEB in Japan
Location of 14 Best Practices in Japan10 around of Tokyo, 2 in Kansai area , 2 in other areas
#1 #2 #3 #4
#5 #6 #7 #8
#9 #10 #11 #12 #13 #14
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Mapping of Best Practices of nZEB in Japan
Fig.13 Mapping of Best Practices of nZEB in JapanClimo-Graph of Tokyo
Location of Tokyo
4 buildings have been reached to Net Zero Energy.2 buildings are ranked in Nearly ZEB, 7 are ranked in ZEB Ready and another is ZEB Oriented.
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Guideline for Design of nZEB METI, Japan
For small office
For super marketFor hospital
For large office
Guidelines for various types of building
Design Guidelines for various types of building has been prepared.
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Pamphlet “ZEB Advanced Case Collection in Japan”
Front Cover Foreword Definition and Evaluation method of ZEB
Overview of Best Practices in Japan
14 page of Details of each Best Practice
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
• Location
• Building type
• Total floor area
• Number of floors
• Completion
• Certification
Basement 3 stories Penthouse 1 story1,300m2
Yokohama city (N35.42o、E139.54o)
Office
June 2014CASBEE S rank, LEED platinum, BELS☆☆☆☆☆
ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei CorporationTarget of annual energy balance
Annual Energy consumption
AnnualEnergy
Generation
EnergyGeneration
TypicalBuilding
ZEBOffice
Energy Savings
25%
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
Sensing technologyT-Zone Saver
Daylighting technologyT-Light Cube
Organic thin film PV Facade unit
Air-conditioning technologyT-Radiant Slab
Technologies
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
Day-lighting systemWhite ceiling
Diffusion light
Overhead LightingMirror
Day-lighting System(T-Light Cube)
Day-light can be introduced to the back of room without being influenced by the sun altitude.
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei CorporationDay-lighting System(T-Light Cube)
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
Slab-embedded piping
Fuel cell Absorption chiller
Radiant cooling from the slab
Automatic-controlled personal Floor diffuser
Personal airConditioning unit
Smart Sensor
28℃
26℃
Exhaust Heat
T-radiant slab
T-Personal air
Task & ambient AC system
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
Roof Top Monocrystal PV
External Wall OrganicThin Film PV
PV installation
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
Light weightUnited wall material
4.8kg/m2 7.5kg/m2
Window frame
Organic thin-film
Aluminum panel
Organicthinfilm
CrystallinePhotovoltaic
cells
PV installation
ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
127 kWh prim/m2・yr
Predicted energy
119 kWh prim/m2・yr
Predicted energy
137 kWh prim/m2・yr
Measured energy
129 kWh prim/m2・yr
Measured energy
Solar Radiation
Dec.Nov.Oct.
0
Apr. MayJune July Aug. Sept. Jan. Feb. Mar.
Generation
Consumption
+
-
MeasuredPredicted
Results of annual energy balance- JUNE 2014~May 2015
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
0.26(129 kWh prim/m2・yr)
0 0.125 0.5 0.65 0.75 1.0(505 kWh prim/m2・yr)
G*︓
norm
aliz
ed e
nerg
yge
nera
tion
0.5
0.375
Reduction of 74%
Generation of 27%
(134
kW
h pr
im/m
2 ・yr
)0.
27
(+8 kWh prim/m2・yr)
C*︓ normalized energy consumption
- JUNE 2014~May 2015
PositiveZEB
ZEB Evaluation
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ZEB Demonstration Building by Taisei Corporation
LEED-NCPlatinum
BELS5-star rating
Minister of the Environment Award
“Building Energy-efficiencyLabeling System” in Japan
First Certificationin Japan
Certification and Achievements
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Future Interesting Tasks for SHASE of Japan
#1 Review of ZEB definition and evaluation method ⇒Evaluation method of biomass energy, green energy and natural energy. ⇒Definition of ZEC ( Zero Energy Community )
#2 Framework of social value of ZEB(including Labeling)⇒Reasonableness of return on investment or cost optimization of ZEB
#3 Design method for realizing and spreading of ZEB⇒Guideline for design of ZEB
#4 Elemental technologies for realizing and spreading of ZEB⇒Especially technologies for large building
#5 Policies and incentives for realizing and spreading of ZEB#6 Tools for realizing and spreading of ZEB#7 Roadmap for realizing of ZEB
Thanks for your attention