Current EE Work Programs

in Asia and the Pacific Region

Prasert Sinsukprasert

Ministry of Energy, Thiland

2nd Group of Experts on Global Energy Efficiency 21 Meeting

Geneva, Switzerland 18 April 2011

22 POLLUTION

TERRORISM / POLITICAL UNREST

22

AGEING SOCIETY

POPULATION URBANIZATIO

N

NATURAL DISASTERS

1World Bank Statistics

Energy use (kTOE) in Asia and the Pacific Region1

Top electricity consumers (kWh per capita)

Top electricity producers (source-wise)

• Main engines of growth in the Asian region will be China and

India

• Region is diverse, with developed economies (Japan,

Australia, Singapore, HK, NZ), developing economies

(Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Mynmar, India), and economies

in transition (China, Vietnam)

• Energy consumption in the region is set to increase – per

capita energy consumption in China and India is among the

lowest in the region

• Coal will the dominant fuel due to reserves and

infrastructure in place

• Electricity gap will be dependent on nuclear???

Concluding Remarks on Regional Energy Situations

• Oil continues to be increasingly important as societies

become more motorized

• Urban centres continue to grow in size as rural to urban

influx continues

• Water and food stresses grow as demand increases with

supply gaps becoming manifest

• Demographics become a concern in Japan (decline), China

(future decline), and India (present increases)

• Energy access and dependence on non-commercial forms of

energy continue to be poverty-related issues

• Renewables of impact are hydro and biomass

Concluding Remarks on Reional Energy Situations – (2 )

Challenges in Asia Pacific

• Regional economic development and growth

• Rapid Urbanization

• Investment in Energy Infrastructure

• Fear of Nuke

• Geopolitical risks

• Resource availability

Need foraction

Criticaluncertainties

un

cert

ain

ty

impactMacroeconomic Risks & VulnerabilitiesEnergy GeopoliticsEnergy Business EnvironmentEnergy Vision

WEC Issues Surveys 2010 – Asia

Weak signals

What is in the news recently?

Tragedy of the Japan Tsunami - Nuclear risks

Asian region not impacted that heavily by financial crisis of 2007/08

•Chinese reserves of US$ highest in the world – Chinese foreign investment in

2010 overtakes World Bank

• China world’s 3rd largest importer of agricultural, fuel & mining

commodities1

• World’s 2nd largest manufacturing exporter after EU

•India continues to grow as investment is made in IT and investment

• Power sector to account for 40% of US$500bn investment from 2007-12

• Current plan aims to add 78,700 MW additional capacity

• Over 50 nuclear reactors totalling 50,000 MW capacity in the future

Political uncertainty

•North Africa & Middle East – Egypt & Bahrain

•Thailand – Red shirts

•India – political repercussions over 2G telecom scandal

1Latest WTO statistics - http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/world_commodity_profiles09_e.pdf

© World Energy Council 2011

11 The Potential for Renewables

Recent global trends

© World Energy Council 2011

12 The Potential for Renewables

Recent global trends

• Sharp increase in PV• Steadily increasing share of

Wind, after drop in 2003• Increasing CSP profile• Impact of 2007 recession on

investment in renewables clearly seen

• Plateaued trend of biomass & hydropower

Capacity FactorsWind Geothermal Biomass PV CSP Hydropower

30% 70% 54% 14% 25.0% 41%

© World Energy Council 2011

13 The Potential for Renewables

Global investment

Highest investment in Wind, Solar, and Efficiency in 2009

Highest investment levels in 3Q 2009 across FY2009

© World Energy Council 2011

14 The Potential for Renewables

Global investment 3

3 PEW Research - http://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=tt8j-Ns4J9xxoQlFLf_vMfQ

• Chinese investment in renewable energy was almost twice that of the US in 2009.

• The US still leads in renewable energy capacity, but only by 0.9GW.• Brazilian and Chinese growth rates in renewables investment over a 5-year

period are the highest.

Common Barriers

� Subsidies on fossil fuels� Limited access to financing� Lack of management time� Lack of confidence in technologies� Limited EE personnel

� Remove Subsidies on fossil fuels� Build up confidence in EE technologies� Promote Good Energy Management� Facilitate Investment

� Soft loan� Coinvestment Fund� Subsidies� Tax Incentives

What need to be done?

EE RE Efforts around the region

� Brunei Darussalam developing EE roadmap – Plan to enact EE regulation, tax incentives, promotion and education program

� Cambodia emphasizes on national policies on rural electrification by renewable energy technologies, efforts on EE&C depend on international aids

� In Lao PDR, the Renewable Energy sector is in progress with the on-going development of the National Strategy and Policy for the Promotion of Renewable Energy onto 2025 and is planned for approval by the Government in 2010. Promote the use of Renewable Energy to about 30% of the total energy consumption, 10% of which will come from biofuels. The Master Plan for the Rural Electrification is under study.

� Malaysia showcase projects include EE&C in buildings -Low Energy Office (LEO), Green Energy Office, and energy audits of Government buildings; Malaysia Industrial EE Improvement Project; Regulations and Manuals such as Efficient Management of Electrical Regulation, awareness programs and dissemination of information. Currently, KETTHA is developing a Master Plan to accelerate the development of EE&C in the 10th Malaysia Plan and beyond.

� Myanmar great RE potentials for wind, solar, wood fuels, biogas, hydro, biofuels and geothermal resources. On EE&C, the major barriers and constraints faced by Myanmar includefinancial and institutional constraints, low electricity tariffsand lack of data collection and compilation system.

EE RE Efforts around the region

� The Philippines Currently, the total RE installed capacity is 5,489.2 MW and is expected to install additional RE capacity of 5,355 MW, bringing the total installed RE capacity to 10,835 MW in 2030. On EE&C, highlighted programs are government Energy Management Programme aimed and Philippine Energy Efficiency Project funded by ADB, energy standards and labeling.

� Singapore aims to reduce energy intensity by 20% from 2005 levels by 2020 and to reduce energy intensity by 35% from 2005 levels by 2035. Signapore’s EE&C initiatives include : design for efficiency scheme (DfE), grant for energy efficient technologies (GREET), Singapore Certified Energy Manager (SCEM), public awareness programme; Singapore International Energy Week.

EE RE Efforts around the region

� Thailand �EE Target to improve 25% of energy intensity by 2030.

EE&C activities in transportation such as: i) changing mode of transportation; change to alternative energy, iv) awareness and information. Residential programs include youths programs; standards and labeling for household appliances, promotion of high energy efficient lighting. For Industrial programs ranging from Energy Conservation Regulation; Revolving Fund, ESCO Fund, tax incentives and comprehensive training programs.

�On alternative energy development plan, the goal is to increase the share of alternative energy mix to 20% of the country’s final energy demand in 2022.

EE RE Efforts around the region

� Vietnam The EE&C programmes in Vietnam include: a) DSM Policy Framework and Pilot DSM funded by World Bank and Sida, b) Utility DSM funded by GEF and World Bank, c) Commercial EE Pilot Programme funded by GEF/World Bank, and EE&C Promotion in SMEs funded by GEF/UNDP. These programmes will enhance the competitiveness of industrial products and to reduce about 950,000 tons of GHG and energy savings of 140,000 TOE during the period of 2006-2010.

EE RE Efforts around the region

� Japan Hightlighted Programs �Eco Point Program. – promoting high EE appliances in

residential sector�Amendment of Energy Efficiency Law consisting of a)

introduction of industrial sector’s benchmarking as national regulation

�Strengthening of energy efficiency standard of TV based on Top Runner Programme

�Promote Net-Zero Energy Buildings (ZEBs). �Raising energy efficiency standards in buildings, setting

up detailed benchmarks, encouraging companies to move into energy efficient buildings

�Tax incentive and budgetary support and creating a labeling system to indicate energy efficiency level of buildings.

EE RE Efforts around the region

� Republic of Korea Higlihghting among others, the 3rd Basic Plan for NRE and Green Growth. Its goals are to achieve NRE energy deployment of 11% by 2030 and to industrialize NRE, the green growth engine. The NRE deployment policy consists of: i) research and development, ii) infrastructure building such as NRE facility certification scheme, and human resources capacity building and iii) deployment support such as subsidy and loan, loan and tax deduction, public obligation, feed-in tariff and renewable portfolio standards.

EE RE Efforts around the region

Conclusion

� EE are the most effective way to achieve energy security and clean environment

� Many countries are actively promoting EE with specific target

� International Cooperation plays a major role, especially for developing/low-income countries

� UN may play a role to consolidate and strengthen the efforts

Thank you very much