Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2...

25
Current advances in Open Path Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for Criteria DOAS measurements for Criteria and Toxic parameters and Toxic parameters 2006 Air Monitoring Conference 2006 Air Monitoring Conference Las Vegas, Nevada Las Vegas, Nevada November 2006 November 2006 Paul Stenberg Paul Stenberg

Transcript of Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2...

Page 1: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

Current advances in Open Path Current advances in Open Path

DOAS measurements for Criteria DOAS measurements for Criteria

and Toxic parametersand Toxic parameters

2006 Air Monitoring Conference2006 Air Monitoring Conference

Las Vegas, NevadaLas Vegas, Nevada

November 2006November 2006

Paul StenbergPaul Stenberg

Page 2: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

THE ALTERNATIVES !THE ALTERNATIVES !

Page 3: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

SYSTEM DESIGNSYSTEM DESIGN

A/D COMPUTER HD

EmitterReceiver

Analyser

MODEM

Detector

Rapid Scanning

Device

Grating

Optic cable

Page 4: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

WAVELENGTH REGIONSWAVELENGTH REGIONS

CO

N2OCH4HF

NO,NH3NO,NH3 NO2NO2SO2SO2, CS2CS2

HgHg

O3O3

CL2, CLO2CL2, CLO2

BTX,BTX,PhenolPhenol

FormaldehydeFormaldehyde

CO2HClH2O

λ/nm

λ/nm

200 400 600

1300 1600 1900 2200 2500

CxHy

Page 5: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

Example of light attenuationExample of light attenuation

Page 6: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

THE RAPID SCANNING DEVICETHE RAPID SCANNING DEVICE

Opto trigger

Slit wheel

Detector window

Page 7: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

SPECTRAL EVALUATIONSPECTRAL EVALUATION

Page 8: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

I1

λλλλ1

λλλλ2

I2

The Beer Lambert The Beer Lambert LawLaw

I1=I0-cα

1l

ln (I2/I1)=c(α1- α2)l

λλλλ

I

Page 9: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

GRATINGSGRATINGS

•• MOVEABLEMOVEABLE

•• RESOLUTIONRESOLUTION

•• COATINGSCOATINGS

•• MULTIPLEMULTIPLE

Page 10: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

BTX MONITORING

EU Directives for Benzene

Recommended Concentration Levels:

Today: 10 µg/m3 as annual mean value

In 2010: 5 µg/m3 as annual mean value

Reference Method: Gas chromatographEquivalent Method: DOAS ( only Opsis approved by German TUV)

BTX

Page 11: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

Benzene-01

Benzene Test Site at

TÜV Rheinland, Germany

Two co-located Opsis DOAS systems

and one on-line GC

Page 12: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.
Page 13: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.
Page 14: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.
Page 15: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.
Page 16: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.
Page 17: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

BP, BELGIUMBP, BELGIUM

Page 18: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.
Page 19: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.
Page 20: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

CALIBRATIONCALIBRATIONOptical density

Cp x Lp = Cc x Lc

Cp= Concentration in the path

Lp= Length of the path

Cc= Concentration in the cell

Lc= Length of the cell

Page 21: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

CALIBRATIONCALIBRATIONPerformance Audit

Emitter Receiver with add-on cell

Standard gas

Analyser

Page 22: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

CALIBRATIONCALIBRATIONManual span and zero bench calibration

Calibration bench

Calibration lampAnalyser

Standard gas

Calibration cell

Page 23: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.
Page 24: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.
Page 25: Current advances in Open Path DOAS measurements for ... · BTX,Phenol Formaldehyde H2O HCl CO2 λ/nm λ/nm 200 400 600 1300 1600 1900 2200 2500 CxHy. Example of light attenuation.

SUMMARYSUMMARY

•• DOAS SIMPLIFIES MULTIPARAMETER MEASUREMENTSDOAS SIMPLIFIES MULTIPARAMETER MEASUREMENTS

•• DOAS TECHNOLOGY HAS EVOLVED OVER THE LAST 15 DOAS TECHNOLOGY HAS EVOLVED OVER THE LAST 15 YEARSYEARS

•• DOAS OPEN PATH HAS BEEN PROVEN TO CORRELATE DOAS OPEN PATH HAS BEEN PROVEN TO CORRELATE WITH TRADITIONAL POINT MEASUREMENTSWITH TRADITIONAL POINT MEASUREMENTS

•• DOAS IS VERY VERSITILEDOAS IS VERY VERSITILE

•• OPSIS DOAS CONFORMS TO USEPA CALIBRATION OPSIS DOAS CONFORMS TO USEPA CALIBRATION REQUIREMENTSREQUIREMENTS


Polarization-Insensitive Metalenses at Visible Wavelengths · polarization-insensitive planar lenses (metalenses) at red, green, and blue wavelengths (λ = 660, 532, and 405 nm).

Polarization-Insensitive Metalenses at Visible Wavelengths · polarization-insensitive planar lenses (metalenses) at red, green, and blue wavelengths (λ = 660, 532, and 405 nm).

ProLight PK2N-3LxE-SD 3W Power LED Version: 1 · 2019. 10. 12. · 【1】λ P, (degrees) Pattern 2 θMin. Typ. Max. θ 0.90V 1/2 Lambertian Red 613.5 nm 623 nm 631 nm 160 130 Amber

ProLight PK2N-3LxE-SD 3W Power LED Version: 1 · 2019. 10. 12. · 【1】λ P, (degrees) Pattern 2 θMin. Typ. Max. θ 0.90V 1/2 Lambertian Red 613.5 nm 623 nm 631 nm 160 130 Amber

Penentuan Panjang Gelombang Maksimum Ketoprofen ( λ maks ) · 84 Lampiran 1 Penentuan Panjang Gelombang Maksimum Ketoprofen ( λ maks ) Absorbansi λ maks (nm) C2 (8 µg/ml) C3 (10

Penentuan Panjang Gelombang Maksimum Ketoprofen ( λ maks ) · 84 Lampiran 1 Penentuan Panjang Gelombang Maksimum Ketoprofen ( λ maks ) Absorbansi λ maks (nm) C2 (8 µg/ml) C3 (10

Light-Driven Molecular Crystal Actuators · 2013. 10. 3. · 2009, 131, 6890-6891. Evolution ... 1.554 nm Morimoto M.; Irie M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132,14172-14178. λ= 365 nm

Light-Driven Molecular Crystal Actuators · 2013. 10. 3. · 2009, 131, 6890-6891. Evolution ... 1.554 nm Morimoto M.; Irie M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132,14172-14178. λ= 365 nm

Magnetic Field Limits of Superconducting RF Cavities€¦ · Experimental Properties of Promising Materials 11 Material λ(0) [nm] ξ(0) [nm] B sh [mT] T c [K] ρ n (0) [µΩcm] Nb

Magnetic Field Limits of Superconducting RF Cavities€¦ · Experimental Properties of Promising Materials 11 Material λ(0) [nm] ξ(0) [nm] B sh [mT] T c [K] ρ n (0) [µΩcm] Nb

XM λ

XM λ

LB T673 - Osram€¦ · typ. 466 nm Dominant Wavelength 3) I F = 10 mA λ dom min. typ. max. 461 nm 471 nm 477 nm Spectral Bandwidth at 50% I rel,max ∆λ typ. 25 nm Viewing angle

LB T673 - Osram€¦ · typ. 466 nm Dominant Wavelength 3) I F = 10 mA λ dom min. typ. max. 461 nm 471 nm 477 nm Spectral Bandwidth at 50% I rel,max ∆λ typ. 25 nm Viewing angle

10.3Gb/s SFP+ BIDI Transceiver€¦ · Output Opt. Power Optical Wavelength Side-Mode Suppression Ratio Spectral Width(-20dB) Optical Extinction Ratio PO λ SMSR Δλ ER dBm nm nm

10.3Gb/s SFP+ BIDI Transceiver€¦ · Output Opt. Power Optical Wavelength Side-Mode Suppression Ratio Spectral Width(-20dB) Optical Extinction Ratio PO λ SMSR Δλ ER dBm nm nm

Title: font: times; size: 18 point; style: plain; justified: center ... · Web viewFor the PT-symmetric grating with period Λ= 0.204 µm and λ=632.07 nm, the diffraction occurs

Title: font: times; size: 18 point; style: plain; justified: center ... · Web viewFor the PT-symmetric grating with period Λ= 0.204 µm and λ=632.07 nm, the diffraction occurs

LSY T676 - Osram€¦ · Group Dominant Wavelength 3)Dominant Wavelength min. max. λ dom λ dom 1 627 nm 639 nm Wavelength Groups yellow Group Dominant Wavelength 3) Dominant Wavelength

LSY T676 - Osram€¦ · Group Dominant Wavelength 3)Dominant Wavelength min. max. λ dom λ dom 1 627 nm 639 nm Wavelength Groups yellow Group Dominant Wavelength 3) Dominant Wavelength

LY P47F - Osram · 583 nm 590 nm 595 nm Spectral Bandwidth at 50% I rel,max ∆λ typ. 18 nm Viewing angle at 50 % I V 2φ typ. 120 ° Forward Voltage 4) I F = 30 mA V F min. typ.

LY P47F - Osram · 583 nm 590 nm 595 nm Spectral Bandwidth at 50% I rel,max ∆λ typ. 18 nm Viewing angle at 50 % I V 2φ typ. 120 ° Forward Voltage 4) I F = 30 mA V F min. typ.

APPROXIMATION OF FOURIER INTEGRAL … OF FOURIER INTEGRAL OPERATORS BY GABOR MULTIPLIERS 3 operators of the form (3) M af = Mχ ′,g,Λ a f = X λ∈Λ aλhf,π(λ)giπ(χ′(λ))g,

APPROXIMATION OF FOURIER INTEGRAL … OF FOURIER INTEGRAL OPERATORS BY GABOR MULTIPLIERS 3 operators of the form (3) M af = Mχ ′,g,Λ a f = X λ∈Λ aλhf,π(λ)giπ(χ′(λ))g,

Supporting Information - Royal Society of Chemistry · QS) was used. Photocatalytic reactions were performed with 535 nm LEDs (OSRAM Oslon SSL 80 green LEDs, λ em = 535 nm (± 15

Supporting Information - Royal Society of Chemistry · QS) was used. Photocatalytic reactions were performed with 535 nm LEDs (OSRAM Oslon SSL 80 green LEDs, λ em = 535 nm (± 15

t: @adrian trenaman Ade Trenaman, SVP Engineering ... · Rise of Serverless λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ 2018+ Multi-banner Multi-tenant

t: @adrian trenaman Ade Trenaman, SVP Engineering ... · Rise of Serverless λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ λ 2018+ Multi-banner Multi-tenant

Supporting Information The effects of protein charge …...Fluorescence of GFP mutants (λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 530 nm, Gain = 50) was used to measure relative protein concentration.4

Supporting Information The effects of protein charge …...Fluorescence of GFP mutants (λ ex = 488 nm, λ em = 530 nm, Gain = 50) was used to measure relative protein concentration.4

Bez názvu - 1 · Min. Typ. Max. Dominant Wavelength - red λ DOM 611 618 626 nm I F=70mA Dominant Wavelength - yellow λ DOM 587 591 597 nm I F=70mA Spectral Bandwith, 50% Δλ -

Bez názvu - 1 · Min. Typ. Max. Dominant Wavelength - red λ DOM 611 618 626 nm I F=70mA Dominant Wavelength - yellow λ DOM 587 591 597 nm I F=70mA Spectral Bandwith, 50% Δλ -

How I Learned to Stop Worrying & Love the or Dr. …...How I Learned to Stop Worrying & Love the λ or Dr. Strange-λ Todd L. Montgomery @toddlmontgomery λ Haskell Erlang λ λ Clojure

How I Learned to Stop Worrying & Love the or Dr. …...How I Learned to Stop Worrying & Love the λ or Dr. Strange-λ Todd L. Montgomery @toddlmontgomery λ Haskell Erlang λ λ Clojure

DOUGLAS COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD DISTRICTS - dcssga.org · nm nm nm nm nm nm nmnm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nmnm nm

DOUGLAS COUNTY SCHOOL BOARD DISTRICTS - dcssga.org · nm nm nm nm nm nm nmnm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nmnm nm

ProLight PK2N-4LME-HSDL 4W Crimson Power LED Version: 1 · Peak Wavelength λ P, (degrees) Pattern Min. Typ. Max. θ 0.90V 2 θ 1/2 Lambertian Crimson【1】 650 nm 660 nm 670 nm

ProLight PK2N-4LME-HSDL 4W Crimson Power LED Version: 1 · Peak Wavelength λ P, (degrees) Pattern Min. Typ. Max. θ 0.90V 2 θ 1/2 Lambertian Crimson【1】 650 nm 660 nm 670 nm

Supporting Information - Wiley-VCH · 2008-09-12 · 290 nm. The decay of the absorption of 1b was accompanied by a development of an absorption band at λ ≈ 360 nm. Figure S1:

Supporting Information - Wiley-VCH · 2008-09-12 · 290 nm. The decay of the absorption of 1b was accompanied by a development of an absorption band at λ ≈ 360 nm. Figure S1: