culture lag

8/14/2019 culture lag

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GA 1

Introduction to CultureIntroduction to Culture

PK Chandio

B.ScN, DNAM, M.A

G.A Panhwar

BScN, DCHN

Lecture 4


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Cultural LagCultural Lag

When some parts of culture change,

and other parts do not. Material

culture often changes first.


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Technology, science, and economics are the

engines that drive our society, non material

culture or our ideas lag behind.


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Example: The public school system, most

are on a 9 month term, this is from the early

19th century, and has not immovable upwith new patterns of work, and living.


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GA 5

Technological DeterminismTechnological Determinism

The view that technology is the new

determinate of our culture, that

technology has life of its own,

forcing humans to follow its lead.


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GA 6

Cultural diffusion/assimilationCultural diffusion/assimilation

Groups that adapt part of other

peoples way of life, continue open to

changes. This occurs via increased

contact with others: travel &

communication


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GA 7

Cultural LevelingCultural Leveling

The process by which cultures

become like, through

industrialization, technology, free

activity


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Cultural levelingCultural leveling

Western culture: Radio cabin, Coca Cola,

music, clothes

The absorption of Western culture into theworld via globalization

finally, everyplace starts to look like every

other place.


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GA 9

ValuesValues

Values determine for us what is desirable in

our life;

If we learn other peoples values we learnabout other people;

Values motivate our favorite, our choices,

indicate what we think as valuable in oursociety.


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GA 10

ValuesValues

Values are general rules for behavior and

perceptions we hold in a society.

Norms develop out of our values. Norms are the expectations, rules of

particular behaviors which come out of our

everyday life.


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ValuesValues

Norms are particular ways that we act, and

arranged behavior and rules governing our

everyday life. With Norms come authorize, rewards,

punishments - you receive approval or

disapproval for keeping or abuse norms.


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NormsNorms

Positive and negative sanctions, rewards, or

punishments occur that are social penalty if

we stay or violate a norm. Rewards are smiles, clap, prize, trophy,

money; negative sanctions or punishments

are look angrily, watch, social limits, advisewords


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NormsNorms

Regulation of appearance and behavior

Define and maintain boundaries

Norms support cultural values.

Desirable behavior is attached to an actual

expectation with social penalty.


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NormsNorms

There are norms that govern us in everyday

life.

How do you act at different place? Greetingsomeone?


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Types of NormsTypes of Norms

Folkways: These are norms that are not strictly

enforced, we expect people to comply, but if they

dont we dont make a big deal about it.

Situational: Walking on one side of the sidewalk,

going up and down step, elevator behavior

Customs, habits, commonly accepted practices


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Folkways: Usually involve minor issue:

table manners, accepting your place in line

rather than cutting to the lead, wearingappropriate clothing.

Few restrictions, and moderate sanctions.


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Mores: Means manners in society.

Mores are norms that are essential to social

Values, close to legalistic. Attitudes from the past, adapted, very little

variation allowed

Duties, responsibility, common to culturalethics


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Mores: The fundamental ideas about what

is right/wrong, moral and immoral.

Important because they involve moralvision based on social unity, continuity, and

community in human life.

Mores finally become LAWS. Part of social life, not changing.


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MoresMores

Strict enforcement, and make your mind up

on conformity, we learn through

socialization via our institutions in society. Examples: arranged gender roles;

Americans eat beef, not horse, dog, cat; you

do not expose your genitals in public


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MoresMores

Part of moral behavior which includes the

following:

Not in self interest Command/obligation to do right

Desirable, satisfactory

Approve authority


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TabooTaboo

A cultural or religious custom that does not allow

people to do, use or talk about a particular thing as

people find it hateful or uncomfortable

Death is one of the great taboos in our culture.

Taboo is a norm so strongly fixed that to violate it

creates hate, dislike, shock - the thought of it

makes people sick: Eating human flesh - Incest - Sex issues


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LawLaw

Laws are norms with strict and formal

sanctions, punishments - to violate a law is to

violate society itself. Enforcement is reserved for those in

positions of authority.

Formal legal codes are necessary to managerelationships in interdependent, self

interested, specific societies.


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LawsLaws

Criminal law has to do with formal, clear

definitions, specialization, and enforcement.

Prohibits behaviors such as murder, fraud,damage holy objects or places.

Civil law has to do with social relations,

argument, compensation, loss throughcarelessness - example family law.


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LawsLaws

All societies have some form of law the

prohibit certain behaviors.

Law comes from mores. Most societies have similar laws and mores, but

the rule of sociology is:

One cultures mores are another groupsfolkways, and another groups laws!

(cultural and ethical relativism)

culture lag

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