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Cornell University LibraryS 675. H16

Culture, agriculture, orcliard cutlure and

3 1924 003 321 456



Culture, Agriculture,

Orchard Culture,

-AND THE-

Utility of Weeds,

J. H, Hale, John Gould, T. B. Terry, F. H. Dowand others.

PUBLISHED BY

The Cutaway Harrow Company,MANUFACTURERS OF THE

Celebrated Clark's Cutaway Tools.

HIGGANUM, CONN.,

U. S. A.

Bigelow Manufacturers' Print, Portland, Conn.



Cornell University

Library

The original of tiiis book is in

tine Cornell University Library.

There are no known copyright restrictions in

the United States on the use of the text.

http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924003321456



Culture, Agriculture,

Orchard Culture,

-AND THE-

Utility of Weeds,

BY

J. H. Hale, John Gould, T. B. Terry, F. H. Dow,

and others.

PUBLISHED BY

The Cutaway Harrow Company,MANUFACTURERS OF THE

Celebrated Clark's Cutaway, Tools.

HIGGANUM, CONN.,

U. S. A.

Bigelow Manufacturers' Print, Portland, Conn^



S(o7'o



PREFACE.

In publishing this little book on the proper cultivation of the

soil we have called to our assistance some of the best agricultural

writers of the country. To J. H. Hale, of South Glastonbury, Ct., the

largest and most successful peach grower in the country, we areindebted for the general article on the cultivation of orchards.

The article on growing corn is written by John Gould, of

Aurora, Ohio, who is a well-known writer on this subject. Thesuccessful growing of corn is what is being sought after now by the

farmers of every state in the Union, to whom Mr. Gould's article will

be found very worthy of consideration.

The article on potato culture and proper tilling of the ground

for same is by T. B. Terry, of Hudson, Ohio, whose articles are toowell known to comment on. We are indebted to the "Practical

Farmer" of Philadelphia for their kindness to us in the preparation

of this article.

Mr. F. H. Dow, of West Caton, N. Y,, who is a well known writer

of New York state, gives us some interesting facts on tillage.

The article on grass culture is written by Geo. M. Clark, of

Higganum, Ct. The illustrations in his article are reproductions

from photographs taken on his farm during the harvesting of the

hay crop. Mr. Clark has made great success in the proper growing

of grass.

We have sought this means of bringing before every farmer the

advantages to be gained by the proper handling of the soil for differ-

ent crops by the use of the "Cutaway'' tools. These tools have now

been introduced into every state and territory in the Union, also in

nearly all foreign countries; they are being worked successfully on

the Khedive's farms at Cairo, Egypt; also they have become very

general in the colonies. There is no work but what this line of

machines is adapted to and farmers using them will find a great

saving in cultivation and a large increase of crops when used

according to directions.

We shall be pleased to forward fully illustrated catalogues of the

Cutaway goods to all parties wishing same; and will cheerfully fur-

nish any information we can on subjects beneficial to the farmingcommunity.



INTRODUCTORY.

Cutaway tools are now made in some one hundred different

styles and patterns. We have just brought out this year three newtools which we would ask a careful examination of, as we believe

there has been no so great labor-saving tool introduced as the Right

Lap Cutaways. The Right Lap Cutaway is made in three sizes,

24-inch, which is reversible, is not only well adapted for general use,

but is especially designed for cultivation of orchards and berry

fields. The 36 and 48 inch Right Laps are designed for general use.

The 36 and 48 inch Right Laps are also fitted with an absolute

force feed seeder which is positive in all its actions. We would ask

your careful examination of the description of these tools in this

book.

One very essential pouit in the Right Laps to which we desire

especially to call your attention is to the greater scope of the disks

and greater working angle. The angle of the regular harrow gangdisks works the soil about six inches wide, while the Right Lap disk

much more thoroughly pulverizes to the width of nine inches.

Practically the right hand gang does double work of the regular har-row gang.

With nearly all other harrows it has been difficult to cootrol cer-

tain .conditions of the soil, such as light swards, sod land, fields that

have been plowed for several months, or wheat, oats, barley and corn,

stubble land. By the use of the "Cutaway" tools on these lands

there is no necessity for a plow, all work being done much more per-

fectly and thoroughly pulverized, putting under all trash, stubble and

stalks.

The Cutaway disk is constructed on scientific principles, lifting

and turning the soil instead of pushing it side-wise as other styles of

disks. The draft is much lighter, they entering the ground easier,

penetrating deeper, stirring and pulverizing much more thoroughlythan can possibly be done with the solid or any other form of disk.

Hard baked and adobe lands can be worked successfully with theCutaway where even a plow will not disturb and other harrows can-

not work at all.



Culture, Agriculture, and Orchard Culture.

The Utility of Weeds.

From 1-8 of an acre and a hand hoe to looo acres and a car load ofCutaway Harrovrs.

BY J. H. HALE.

The only available implement of culture on the farm when as a

boy I began my first operations, were a broken handled shovel, one

short handled spade and a hoe. To be sure, whatever crops were

planted were upon land that had been roughly plowed, boy fashion,

with the aid of a yoke of oxen loaned the fatherless boys, by a kindneighbor.

The area under cultivation was limited and usually two or three

hand hoeings, to keep down the weeds, was the only culture given,

for I had not learned in those early days, that the destruction of

weeds should be but a very small part of soil culture.

Later on when the first horse was bought and the old-style

wooden frame cultivator was put at work, it was simply to aid the

hoe in keeping down the weeds and it was not till the extreme dryseason of 1870 that I learned my first real lesson in soil culture that

will stay with me through life and I believe in a very large degree has

contributed to whatever success I have had in a life devoted to

agriculture, which, started without capital, has proven a most satis-

factory and profitable business venture.

In May, 1870, an acre plot of the old farm land had been

planted in sweet corn to be fed in its green state to milch cows and

pigs during August and September. The first hoeing revealed the

fact that this particular plot of land was thoroughly infested with

Couch or quack grass, that was likely to smother out the corn.

Full of boyish vigor and with the pride of ownership in a new

horse, we set about justifying its purchase, by making him earn his

living, in assisting us to eradicate this pest.

In the long to be remembered heat and drouth of that summer,

itseemed too

hot to work during the middle of the day, but night

after night, from six o'clock till dark, week in and week o-ut, I astride of

the boney old horse, rode up and down, out and across, that field

between the rows of corn, while my brother followed behind holding

the cultivator. We rejoiced to se" we were slowly conquering the

quack grass and kept on the, cultivation to its final exterminatioti;

only to awaken to the fact that through all that fight the corn was

growing with luxuriant, vigor and finally, in August, amid all the

drouth and dearth of that parching summer, it was about the only field

of well developed corn in all the country around. Money was a



scarce article with us in those days, so that we quickly caught on to

the suggestion of a kind neighbor, that the nearby city markets

would readily buy our green corn at prices way beyond the value

placed upon it by the cows and pigs of the farm. A trial proved

this to be true and the entire product was peddled out for some over$200, more money than we had ever had before from any crop of the

farm.

From this small beginning in marketing was developed our

vegetable and fruit business, till this season of 1895 the products of

our farms have sold for over $100,000. All through the struggling

years that have gone by, one leading thought and practice has been,

culture, culture frequent and thorough, and over and again I have

noted the utility and blessings of weeds, those ever-true and constant

friends of the farmer, without which I fear the lessons of culture

would never have been fully learned by the most of us soil tillers.

In fact, it is my belief, based upon many extended observations

through every state in the Union, that were it not for grass and

weeds to stimulate culture, the average crop production, through

lack of culture, would fall far, very far, below the present produc-

tion; while I am fully convinced that if thorough and right culture

were to be given each acre of land under the plow, it would at once

more than double the production.

A few years ago, in the fertile Sacramento Valley of California, I

visited one of the great wheat farms, where several thousands of

acres of wheat was grown annually. Business was done on such a

great scale that one plowing with gang plows and then a hurried

scratching in of the seed with various sorts of harrows, was the only

preparation or culture given. Right adjoining,on

preciselysimilar

soil, was a woman farmer, with only about 500 acres under plow, buta thorough believer in culture. Early in summer land was plowedwith single plows, cross plowed in autumn and then harrowed manytimes over with a Cutaway harrow, before seeding, so as to make a

mellow seed bed. Seeding followed a little later and then more har-

rowing.

The average yield of wheat under her system of culture was 32

bushels per acre, as against 12 bushels per acre on the neighboringbig farm. An increased product of over 150 per cent for culture

alone, one-third of which profit would pay the cost of extra culture,

leaving a net profit of 100 per cent. Is this not an object lesson in

culture ?

And by culture I do not mean that culture which follows plant-

ing, nearly so much as I do that culture which precedes it; for it is

in the preparation of the soil for seed or plant bed, for annual crops,that the greatest' results are attained at the least cost. After



culture is necessary and usually the more the better, but in this the

growing crops are always in the way and add greatly to the cost'

while before planting, one has a free swing, and with such excellent

implements of tillage as the Cutaway harrow, can do more for one

dollar than can be done for $io later on, and as "tillage is manure"in so much as by the thorough and deep mixing of soils that is

brought about by the Cutaway, particles of soil come in contact with

one another for the first time and chemicals are set free that would

otherwise have remained locked up unpalatable and indigestible

as food for plants. These things I believe, yes, I know, from manyyears' experience in the culture of small fruits on an extended scale,

while in orchard culture "tillage is manure," tillage is moisture, andwithout thorough tillage success cannot be attained in its highest

degree. In some soils and under certain conditions, the use of the

plow once a year in early spring may be necessary, culture the rest

of the year being maintained by harrows and cultivators.

But since the advent of the Cutaway harrow, it is not only

possible to dispense with plowing, but also better and cheaper to do

so and have all the culture done with the harrow, thus avoiding all

danger of tearing and breaking roots; a trouble that is always withus in plowing an orchard, even though the work be done by a most

careful man. While this breaking of the roots will not kill the trees,

or even work injury that is always apparent, there is no doubt but

that it is a weakening process, that does work injury and ought to be

avoided wherever possible. My own practice in this latitude is to

give the orchards most thorough culture from early spring till late

in July, when I abandon all culture and allow grass and weeds to

grow at will and the trees to ripen up their wood early and mature

fruit buds for the next season's crop. In some soils which are

naturally inclined to grass, quite a sod will form before the approach

of winter and if nothing further is done, it is usually best to plow

shallow in early spring and then follow with the harrows.

To avoid the necessity for this plowing, however, I find that if

late in the fall, just before the ground freezes up for winter, the

Cutaway Harrowis run over the field a few times, the grass gets so

thoroughly chopped up as to be mostly killed out through the winter,

then if the harrow is started early in spring the most perfect culture

I know of can be carried on without plowing, but this spring harrow-

ing must be done just as soon as the ground is well settled after the

coming out of the frost. If deferred for two or three weeks, the

ground is likely to become dry and hard and take far more time to

fit it for the other cultures that are to follow.

This practice I have followed out for six years now on a 22 acre

peach orchard and reduced the cost of annual culture nearly 25 per



cent, and I believe, giving me more healthy and vigorous trees than

can be found in any other 12 year old peach orchard in the country.

My orchards are scattered about for the purpose of obtaining mostfavorable locations and those that are not on the home farm are

worked by contract labor, while the home farm orchards have beenworked with our own teams. The summer of 1894 was an exceed-

ingly dry one here and through force of circumstances having twomore horses on hand than required for the ordinary work of farm

and orchards, and knowing that culture was our only plan to

irrigation, for two full months this extra team and a Cutaway Har-

row was made to supplant the regular culture of the orchard, by

daily going between the rows of trees in one direction or the other,

kicking up a cloud of dust wherever they went; but at the end of the

season it proved to be "gold dust," for this double or extra culture

kept the trees growing luxuriantly all through the drouth and these

orchards gave us the largest and finest fruit we had ever grown,

while on other orchards, with the culture of ordinary years, the pro-

duct was below the average.

Just now in looking over the sales account of the different

orchards, I find thatthe

fruitfrom the highly

cultivated orchard

sold for an average of 24 9-10 cents more per basket than the others,

or a net increase of a little more than $125 per acre. One good har-

rowing with the Cutaway ought to be done at a cost of $1 per acre.

Suppose in these two months each acre was harrowed 25 times over,

at a total cost of $25, the returns would give an actual profit of 400

per cent. Is farming unprofitable industry when such profits are pos-

sible as the results of thorough, or rather extra thorough culture ?

As to implements of culture, any plow, cultivator, or harrow thatis made, no matter how poor it may be, will accomplish much if used

at the right season, frequently and with judgment.

Yet as by far the most costly part of culture is the team work,

the best implements are the only ones that should be used by those

who are after profits in orchard culture.

Having tested about every style of harrow that has been offered

on the market, I have found none so satisfactory for orchard work as

the Cutaway. A thorough mixing of the soil, 3 to 4 inches in depth,

can be accomplished with this at the least possible cost.

Once in a while it may be best to supplement its work with a

smoothing harrow, but whatever implements are used, to win the

highest success, keep everlastingly at it, through April, May, Juneand July. It's the sure way to produce fine trees and fruit and

"Cutaway" the mortgage.

J. H. Hale.South Glastonbury, Conn., October 20, 1895.



South Glastonbury, Conn.

Gentlemen —Before you issue another catalogue I wish to saya word regarding your harrow, for general use in orchards and vine-

yards.

You know we have used these harrows in all their varied formssince the first introduction, and, while I have always been able to dobetter work and at less cost with them than with any other imple-

ment tested, it is only since the perfection of the reversible harrowthat I have become satisfied that with this instrument alone almostany orchard may be thoroughly cultivated without the aid of anyother implement.

For the past three years one of our orchards on sandy, loamysoil, where there are but few stones, has been taken up in the spring,

without plowing, and, simply by the use of this harrow, beenthoroughly pulverized and put in perfect condition, in less than half

the time it would have taken to plow it; but better than this, it has

avoided breaking and tearing up of any of the roots, so common in

plowing, even with the most careful workman.Another special advantage I find in the use of this implement,

that in stiff, hard ground, where land must of necessity be plowedonce a year, all the plowing may be done by back furrowing up the

rows of trees without danger of bruising them with the plow or

whifHetrees, and then the ground being made perfectly level during

the summer by the use of your reversible harrow, which will take all

of this mounded earth away from the tree in one or two operations.

I assure you we shall continue the use of the harrows here

among all our fields, and, as we are planting a six hundred acre

orchard in Fort Valley, Georgia, this winter, shall want a carload of

the implements shipped down there, as soon as we begin cultivation.

"Very respectfully, J. H. Hale.

The long felt demand for a tool for properly cultivating orchards

without injuring the roots led us to adapt the Cutaway harrow to

this purpose. Our orchard harrows will thoroughly pulverize the

ground to the depth required, subduing all weeds and trash and con-

verting it into a mulch that thoroughly protects the roots and retains

the moisture. We make harrows in six different styles for this class

of work. The 24-inch Right Lap, reversible, is used very extensively

for this purpose, also the five and six foot harrows of the "A" series

viz. "A-5" and "A-6" Reversible harrows. These harrows are madereversible so they will throw the soil either away from or toward the

tree. They are also fitted with Extension Head, when desired, for

the purpose of cultivating under limbs of trees. For the cultivation



of the smaller varieties such as orange groves, berry fields, etc., werecommend the Grove harrow, or Market Gardeners' harrow, as here

illustrated.

The first cut shows the 24-inch Right Lap Cutaway, reversible,

which is a fine little tool for orchard work.The second cut shows the A-6 Cutaway, harrow set for cultivat-

ing away from the tree.

The third cut shows the A-6 Cutaway harrow set for cultivating

towards the tree.

The fourth cut shows the A-6 Cutaway harrow with Extension

Head for cultivating under limbs of trees.

The fifth cut shows the one-horse Grove harrow.

The sixth cut shows the two-horse Grove harrow.These last two harrows are used very extensively for market

garden and truck farming culture.

The 24 inch Right Lap Cutaway Reversible.

One very essential point in Right Laps we desire to call yourattention to is the much greater scope of the disks and the greaterworking angle. The regular harrow disks work the soil about sixinches wide, and while the Right Lap much more thoroughly pul-verizes to the width of about nine inches; practically the right handgang does double work of the regular harrow. Always "be particu-lor to weight left hand gang as per directions.



The A-6 Reversible or Fruit Growers' andOrchard Harrow.

HARROW SET FOR CULTIVATING AWAY FROM THE TREE.

The great demand for a good tool for cultivating orchards has

led us to adapt the Cutaway Harrow to this use.

6-foot Reversible Harrow.

CULTIVATING TOWARD THE TREE.

No fruit grower can afford to be without this tool, and we can

cheerfully refer any parties desiring this harrow to Messrs. G. H.

& T. H. Hale, of South Glastonbury, Conn., who are among the

largest and most successful peach growers in this country. See

their testimonial on another page.



Reversible with Extension Head.

One Horse Market Garden or Grove Harrow.

Two Horse Market Garden or Grove Harrow.



The Best Method of Growing Corn.

BY JOHN GOULD.

It is now being thoroughly demonstrated —and this year of

drouth as never before, that the corn plant is the dairyman's chief re-

liance in the matter of the chief ruffage rations for his animals, andmore, in no other way can so much given food material of the

starchy elements be secured, and so cheaply; as from the "giant

grass" known as corn. More, the stations in their feeding trials, oneand all, put the corn plant in the front rank of local foods either as

stover, fodder, silage, or the plant cut green from the field, as the

main part of the rations either for the making of milk, beef or

growth. This almost change of front in the past five years, has

called attention to the merits of corn in its various forms as grain, orfodder, as never before, and its culture, too get the largest returns

from a given amount of land firtihty, and labor, is commanding the

talent, skill, and investigation of a large number of the foremost in-

vestigators of this country, and what is all the more gratifying, is the

fact that so many farmers are thinking along these lines of investi-

gatmg for themselves, and at our agricultural meetings, farmers by

the score are in an almost scientific way, practical certainly —telling

how they raise the corn plant, and how they feed, and demonstratewith figures and with results, that corn is their great anchor of hope

in the cheapened cost of farm produce.

At the start it must be accepted that the corn plant is a sort of

"canibal" among plants, i. e., getting its best food of support from the

decaying remains of another plant, reveling in high heat, and the un-

shadowed sunshine, and in its culture these things must be born in

mind and the habits of the plant humored, so to speak. In all of the

eastern, middle and most of the northern states, corn is almost

wholly grown for the farm feeding, and not as in the west and north-

west, for commercial purposes. So in what we may say here, will ap-

ply to the smaller corn grower, the man who needs the feed, and

needs to raise it with as little labor and outlay as possible, and yet

have a full maximum yield, aud not so much to the man who raises

the plant to get the ear, and regards the stalks as so much trash, and

which he would be profoundly grateful to see in the bottom of thesea. as soon as the corn was husked.



14

Sod land seems in the designated states, to be the natural feed-

ing place for the growing corn. Not only is its best growth se-

cured, bnt for the reason that this food is what it wants but the de-

caying sod is in its fermenting, making the land actually warmer,

giving nearer tropical conditions, but at the sametime if the corn is

properly planted so that the sunshine can get at the stalk from root

to tassle not only in nature's laboratory for the recdmposition of

food elements into corn plant elements more complete, but the me-

chanical conditions can be improved at the same time, and it is here

that the farmer must plan, if he would get the greatest returns from

the least expenditure of labor and material.

It is now accepted that the greatest amount of the culture needed

on corn can be best performed in the preparation of the seed bed,and doing as little afterwards as possible consistent with clean cul-

ture, but the man must understand that he will best succeed in de-

voting his labor, not in cultivating the corn, but in weed killing, and

keeping a dust blanket on the surface to hold soil moisture from es-

caping. To do this, it is not necessary to kill the corn with the

weeds. As to the preparation of the soil, it is becoming to be re-

cognized that late fall plowing of the sod is best from the fact if

there is a great amount of vegetable matter on the surface, it makesa division between the furrow slice and the subsoil and in the case

of a drouth after spring plowing this mass does not decay, and

makes it impossible for the moisture from below to pass up into the

upper surface and the sod dries out and the plant burns out, for to

perfect the corn plant, it must take up from the soil, and evaporate

from its leaves, three hundred pounds of water per each one poundof dry matter contained in the plant. If the season is of full rain

fall, there will be no such loss in growth. If corn is to be planted

on old ground especially corn after corn, the field is best fertilized

by applying the manure broadcast through the winter direct fromthe stables, and let it become incorporated in the soil, by rains, andthe repeated freezings and thawings of spring. On fields manuredin the winter, and those fertilized in April, we could see this season

where every load of the winter-spread manure was put, by the better

growth of the corn, and its earing, indicating that nothing was lost,but much gained by the spreading of manure on the snow.

It is well to plow, and well harrow the land if possible, twoweeks or more before planting and then work the land down fine to

the bottom of the furrow by the use of the Cut-a-wa^s and rollers,

so that the corn can be planted in soil fine enough for wheat, thendo another day's harrowing and rolling. There is no use in disturb-

ing the soil after this in after cultivation to exceed an inch and one-

half in depth. Corn on well prepared land is never benefitted by



IS

cultivation direct. What is needed, and no more, is to kill weeds,,

and conserve soil mixture. Hard crusted soil is supposed to partmuch more readily with its moisture than land that has a well workeddust mulch to prevent this. Weeds hurt corn more by robbing it of

needed moisture and soil shading, than in stealing fertility. Weedsare more easily killed by some form of rapid surface stirring of thesoil, just as they are germinating, than by later uprooting, whichcalls for a large displacement of the soil, and at the same timesevers corn roots by the million.

Before planting, harrow and even roll the land into a smoothseed bed, and plant the corn 2}4 inches deep in drills, dropping akernel each foot for field corn and once in six inches for silage. Withour improved machines, no one gets pay for rowing corn two waysIf the corn is down two inches, and this rolling done just after plant-

ing —in preference to before, the light harrows will not disturb the

corn, and by dragging after planting, then just as it is coming up,

and once later on kills about all the germinating weeds. Then the

Breed's weeder follows in order, but should heavy rains come andcrust the soil, go through the field with the cultivators cutting as

shallow as possible, and then follow with theweeder

again, and the

corn is about cared for, so far as weed-killing is concerned. Deepculture of corn was invented for two purposes, one to bring up fresh

supplies of weed seed to germinate and make more work, seed which

would have never troubled if left undisturbed by shallow culture,

and to cut off corn roots to lessen the yield of corn and stalk, for

nature must repair damages and this is at the expense of stalk growth,

and often yield.

There is no authentic experiment made public east of the Missis-sippi river that has not shown a loss in deep culture of from three

per cent, in the most favorable year, to over thirty per cent., and this

is a loss too great to be borne, when a little judgment, well applied,

would prevent. Plant the rows in straight lines, all equi-distant, so

that a wide, full width cultivator can be used, and the soil stirred up

to the very hills, without the necessity of having to turn up a furrow

to cover weeds. Rig the cultivator with a wheel in front so that the

front shovels will cut only an inch and one-half deep. Bolt to the

rear shovels, and behind them, a narrow thin board three inches

shorter than the width of the rows, so as to be exactly crosswise of

them, and the most perfect corn cultivator is secured, doing fully the

work of three with open shovels, and economizing the work that

much. Every weed is uprooted and buried, and right up to the hills,

and the land is left level, and a fine dust mulch covers the soil, and

no both ways culture is needed. With the use of the wide sweep

harrows, and Breed's weeders at the start, doing an acre in half an



i6

hour, weeds are killed as fast as they germinate, the land cannot

crust, and with three after cultures with the cultivator, the field is

one for a good crop. This year an account of the time devoted to

to the cultivation of our corn crop per acre was kept. We had ideal

culture, acres with no weeds, or foxtail grass, and after the planting,

less than six hours were used to the acre, and part of this crop was

on old land in corn the year previous, and for field corn on old past-

ure sod nothing near this amount of time was consumed.

For the past six years this has been our practice in the culture of

our corn, both for the silo, and the crib, and it seems to us to be the

most economical method and brings the largest results for the outlay.

This year was the dryest ever known in Ohio, and with this plan of

culture and fertilizing —no commercial manure used —we secured the

heaviest stand of silage corn both in stalk and ear ever harvested on

the farm, and the field corn despite cutworms, drouth, and a frost,

came out a final fair crop. We think it a good plan to sow rye in

the corn at the last working, and give the soil something to doafter corn cutting, and protect the land from washing and leaching.

Crimson clover in more southern latitudes will no doubt be better.

To sum up, have land rich m decaying humus, and good fertility,

plow not too deep, work it down to a garden bed for tilth, plant in

drills, work with rapid, wide running harrows and weeders, then

with a bar cultivator ; cultivate shallow, kill weeds, not corn, be in

season to do corn work, and nothing save an invading army can worka total destruction of a corn crop.

Corn Tools.

There is no tool that will so successfully prepare a corn field as theregular Cutaway harrow. We illustrate simply two styles here, viz.

the -'A-C" Cutaway, wood frame, and the ''A-S" Cutaway, steel

frame. This harrow is made in all sizes of this pattern from six feet

to sixteen feet cut. It is a general purpose harrow and there is notool that will so thoroughly prepare the ground for any seed as

Clark's Cutaway.

For listed corn we have adapted our regular A-6 Reversible har-

row which is shown in the article following the cultivation of

orchards. The first two cuts of the A-6 Reversible harrow show thefirst operation, the following two cuts —which we number 3 and 4

show the last two methods of preparing listed corn. We annex a fewtestimonials on the listing harrow which fully explain its merits.



I?

The "A" Series Cutaway Harrow.

A 6.

Width of Cut, six feet.

The above cut represents Clark's Cutaway Harrow with weightboxes and clod breakers. The Cutaway Harrow will thoroughlycut and pulverize the soil to the depth of four or more inches.

It is a Dandy. Our New Steel Frame.

A 8, 8-foot.

W^e make three sizes, 6, 7 and 8-foot.

We call your special attention to our new steel frame Cutaway.

This is the strongest and most durable harrow ever yet put upon themarket. The above cut represents the A-8, eight foot cut.



A-6 Listing Harrow.This Harrow has been thoroughly tested in the listed corn fields

of Kansas the past season, and has proved to be the only perfect tool

for cultivating listed corn. From the reports of all using it, it has no

equal as a pulverizer and exterminator of weeds and volunteer wheaton lands followed by wheat (wheat being the worst weed in wheat) it

proves to be a most efficient tool, and, in fact, the most effective of

pulverizers, always performing double work. It is not liable to clog,

being higher and more roomy. It throws the soil either toward or

away from the crop.

Reports from Kansas last season where this harrow was used

during the severe drouth, report that it saved them their corn crop.

One party reports that he got twenty bushels increase per acre from

the use of this harrow, and in many places it saved the corn crop. In

fields where the harrow was used, the corn was of a healthy, dark

green growth, when in neighboring fields it withered up. By the use

of this harrow, during the severest drouth, the ground was kept

thoroughly pulverized and moist, and continued the growth of the

corn, destroying all weeds.

Cut No. 3 represents the harrow changed to a cultivator, and in

this form is used for the first cultivation of corn. To change the

gangs from cut No. i and 2, as shown in cut No. 3, take the nut off

from the outer end of each axle and draw out the shafts, then take

off both the outer and inner end disks. Next put on the large disks, re-

placing four of the 16-inch disks and spools in regular order. Be veryparticular that the nuts and washers are set up tight and hard so all

will be firm.

The Cultivator as thus set can be run at any desired width atcenter from two to sixteen inches, running as close or far away fromthe corn as desired, and at any desired angle.

Cut No. 4 represents the cultivator set for cultivating towardsthe corn, and is changed from the Listing Cultivator, as follows.

The short shafts are used as shown in cut No. 3, generally withfour disks to a gang. The first disk on the inner end is left off andthe large disk is put on in the second place, but if the large disks

throw too much dirt you can use four or five 16-inch disks on thegangs as desired. In all cases after the disks have been adjustedthe gang shaft nuts must be screwed down firm and solid to

prevent disks from getting loose. The amount of earth moved in

each condition is determined largely by the adjustment or angle ofthe gangs.

The cultivator will cultivate corn from three to three and one-half feet high. The disks can be so arranged on these

cultivatorsthat they will do excellent work on any sowed crop.



19

A-6 Listing Harrow.

The cut No, 3 represents the harrow changed to a cultivator, and in this form is used for the first

cultivation of corn. To change the gangs from cut No. r and 2, as shown in cut No. 3, take the nutoff from the outer end of each axle and draw out the shafts, then take off both the outer and inner enddisks, replacing four of the 16-inch disks and spools in regular order. Be very particular that the nutsand washers are set up tight and hard so all will be firm.

The Cultivator as thus set can be run at any desired width at center from '.two'to sixteen inches,running as close or far away from corn as desired, and at any desired angle.

This cut shows the Harrow set for last operation.

The cut No. 4 represents the cultivator set for cultivating towards the corn, and is changed from

the Listing Cultivator, as follows. The short shafts are used as shown in cut No. ^, generally with

four disks to a gang. The first disk on the inner end is le ft off and the large disk is put on in the

second place, butif

thelarge disks throw too much dirt you can use four or five 16-inch disks on the

gangs as desired. In all cases after a disk has been adjusted the gang shaft nuts must be screwed

down firm and solid to prevent disks from gettmg loose. The amount of earth moved in each condi-

tion is determined largely by the adjustment or angle of the gangs.^.^ j- ,

The cultivator will cultivate corn from three to three ond one-half feet high. 1 he disks can be so

arranged on these cultivators that they will do excellent work on any sowed crop.



36 inch Right Lap Cutaway.

One very essential point in Right Laps we desire to call yourattention to is the much greater scope of the disks and the greater

working angle. The regular harrow disks work the soil about six

inches wide, while the Right Lap much more thoroughly pulverizes

to the width of about nine inches; practically the right hand gangdoes double work of the regular harrow gang. Always be particu-

lar to weight left hand gang as per directions.

The Right Lap Cutaway.

The Right Lap Cutaway is made in three sizes, the 24-inch

being reversible; the 36 and 48-inch are not reversible. All of theRight Laps will do more work than any plow in breaking up all

stubble or old land, cutting all trash, weeds and stubble to a fine

mulch and pulverizing the soil thororoughly to a depth of from four

to six inches, and 36 and 48 inches wide respectively.

No dead furrows or center ridges, the ground being left in a

most perfect condition for cultivating, each furrow lappino- the

other. Experience shows that the lap furrow aerates and putsthe

soil in better shape that the flat.



Facts on Tillage.BY F. H. DOW.

It is useless for the farmer to attempt to grow profitable cropswithout thorough preparation of the soil. The field must be plowed

in a workmanlike manner and well pulverized with a good harrow.I have never found a more satisfactory implement for this purposethan the "CUTAWAY." My favorite method of growing corn is to

break up a piece of sod in autumn and spread on manure duringthe autumn and winter. In the spring give it a thorough harrowingwith the "CUTAWAY," which cuts and pulverizes the manure, nomatter how strawy it may be, and mixes it with the soil admirably

without clogging. Ground fitted in this way will bring a pleasing

growth and yield of corn if the season is at all favorable and the

crop has been properly taken care of afterwards. It may nearly all

be done with the horse and cultivator, too. A large crop of pota-

toes may also be harvested by pursuing the same method; and after

the potatoes are dug a crop of rye can be grown very cheaply bysimply harrowing it in. If preferred, it may be plowed under in the

spring, thus enriching the soil.

Many farmers use the harrow too little. Itis

with using theharrow, very much the same as with the old lady in sweetening her

pies, who said she put in all the sugar she could afford, then shut her

eyes and put in as much more. Harrow what you think the soil

needs, then harrow it some more until the soil is very fine and mel-

low; the finer the better. Thorough culture, with a little manure, is

far better than a large amount of manure and a poorly prepared soil.

F. H. Dow.

West Caton, N. Y., Aug. 19, '95.

For the preparation of corn stalk land for the purpose of seed-

ing to wheat, rye, barley and oats there is no tool that can surpass

the Right Lap Cutaway, reversible. These "Right Laps" break up

all stubble land, cut all trash and stubble to a fine mulch and pulver-

ize the soil most thoroughly to a depth of from four to six inches and

from 24 to 48 inches wide. No dead furrows, every furrow being

alike all over the field. No center ridges, the whole field being left

smooth and level. The Right Lap will do more work than any plowin breaking up stubble or old land, and experience has shown that

the lap furrow much more thoroughly aerates the soil than the flat

furrow. We desire to call your attention to the much greater scope of

the disks in the Right Lap, doing nearly double the work of the reg-

ular harrow disk. We also fit the 36 and 48 inch Right Laps with an

absolute force feed seeder. This is no experiment, but is the best

force feed ever put upon the market. Read what one of our leading

agriculturists says pertaining to the work of the Right Lap. We

show here cut of the 36 with and withoutseeder. The work of plow-

ing, harrowing and seeding is done at one operation. We ask your

careful attention to these tools.



Always Weight the Straight Disk Gang with a

Bag of Sand.

Clark's 36-inch Right Lap Cutaway with Force Feed Seeder.

The 36 and 48 inch Right Laps are fitted with a force feed

seeder that is absolute for seeding all kinds of grain. This force

feed drill will do better work than the majority of the seed drills

now in use. They have been thoroughly tested in all sections of

the country and for sowing all kinds of grain have no equal.

Read What One of Our Leading Agriculturists Says.

I have finished this p. m. putting in ten acres of buckwheat with

your Right Lap Cutaway, for the purpose of turning under this fall,

and to say that I am pleased with it is-faint praise. We drew the oats

off the field and the next day began putting in the wheat on the oat

stubble.

We first threw the wheat on the stubble, following with the Right

Lap Cutaway, and found that even on our clay soil that with once go-

ing over with the lever in the second notch it cut a furrow four

inches deep and all that was needed to complete the job was to go

over the field with a roller and the buckwheat was as slick as grease.

This morning we put in half an acre of peas with it on black,

mucky soil. We could easily plow six inches deep. It is a great tool.

P. S. —The buckwheat was all up in fine order within eighty-six

hours from sowing.

This Right Lap Cutaway is also adapted for general work; it be-

ing reversible, is the best cultivator ever put out for orchard work.Every Cutaway Warranted.



23

Preparation of the Ground for Potatoes.BY T. B. TERRY.

In this latitude (Northern Ohio) a two year old red clover sodgives the best foundation for

a good crop of potatoes. Again, thefertility is obtained in this way cheaply. Of course, the soil shouldbe well drained, either naturally or with tiles. Clover or other sodmanured heavily for corn and then sown to rye in the fall, to beplowed under in the spring for potatoes, is a good preparation.Avoid using fresh manure, or better yet, any manure, directly onland for potatoes. The crop likes old fertility. Apply the manureto the clover, or the corn as above. If you must apply directly let it

be done the fall before, at least. An excellent rotation for earlypotatoes is clover, potatoes and wheat. We have followed this three

year rotation for many years.

Potatoes do best, particularly in a dry season, in a deep soil.

We have practiced gradually increasing the depth of ours for manyyears by plowing the clover sod half an inch or so deeper every three

years, when it is broken up. Thus we bring up a little fresh subsoil

to be submitted to action of sun and frost and be worked into soil.

We now plow eight to ten inches deep. We always use a wheel andjointer on the plow. The wheel makes uniform work and the jointer,

or little plow, in advance completely buries all rubbish and sod.

The plowing should be thoroughly done. Don't use an old plow

point that won't keep right down exactly where you want it to.

Don't skip an inch of land. Get every stump and stone out of the

way if practicable (we have done this) and every tree too.

Don't turnfurrows over flat.

Turna lap furrow. The surface

fertility is then distributed through the soil more. Don't plow too

early. Wait till the soil is dry. Don't harrow when wet, or even

when moist if you can help it, if soil is at all clayey. The yield of

many a crop is injured seriously before the seed is planted. Potatoes

like a loose mellow soil. They don't want the ground packed, as

wheat does. We are exceedingly particular on our farm to keep off

our potato land when it is not quite dry. Everywhere that a horse

steps when plowing or harrowing moist soil on ordinary land (not

sandy), a compact ball of earth will be formed beneath that can

hardly be penetrated by roots. The mould board, land side and even

bottom of plow pack the ground, if wet, which is just what should

not be done. Some one asked me why I did not have cleaners on

my Cutaway harrow once. I replied that when soil was moist

enough so they were needed a man better go fishing than be at work

on his land. If there are low places that would bother when rest of

field is dry enough, why drain them so all will be alike. That is the

way we have done and it is business too.



24

Now your plowing is done, not turning furrows over flat but

leaving them up loose, just a little more than well over. What nice

shape the field is in for harrowing. Under these conditions the first

harrow used may be a smoothing harrow with a large number of

small teeth slanting backwards. This harrowing shouldbe done

daily, or oftener, as the plowing progresses (with harrow weighted),

so as to prevent the soil from drying out. It should always be the

same way the field was plowed so as to smooth the furrows over, not

tear them up. I speak of the smoothing harrow for this use because

it answers well for this purpose and then it is necessary after the

planting is done to go over the field with three or four times before

the crop comes up. Thus all weeds are kept down and the soil made

very fine.

But now on most soils this is not enough tillage. It will pay

wonderfully well to put more work on the land. What tools do weneed? Just two and no more. I say this after long experience.

After using the smoothing harrow I would rather like to have a heavy

rain. Then when soil gets dry enough roll it down perhaps with

heavy roller. Then comes the proper time for the Cutaway harrow

to do its best work. It is not the proper place to use it right after

plowing. Let the earth become settled some. It is a digging har-

row, not a smoothing harrow at all. It takes the place of cross

plowing. There is but one proper way to run the original Cutawayharrow, that is back and forth, lapping half. With careful driving I

can thus leave my soil practically level. What I throw one way in

going down through field is thrown back when I return. On manyfields it will pay to go lengthwise and crosswise lapping half each

way, that is four times over all the field. I don't care how toughyour sod is the "Cutaway"' will work up a seed bed if it can be done.

We lately took up some old fences and plowed the terribly tough sod.

Repeated working with "Cutaway" made us a fair seed bed on the

worst place 1 ever saw, all roots and June grass sod, as it would seem,before we harrowed it. A plain disk harrow in such a place wouldbe of no use.

On light, mellow soil there is not so much difference between the

work of the two implements, of course, but under all circumstances I

prefer the "Cutaway" as I have long said. For years we had bothand used them side by side, and as a result we laid aside the disk andgot a second "Cutaway." It digs deeper and does more work, onmy farm, with less power, that is all there is of it. And I want it

understood that the manufacturers of this tool have never asked me to

say this in this article. It is what I have preached in the PracticalFarmer of Philadelphia, for years, and in books written on the sub-ject of Potato Culture, etc. It comes from long experience. There



25

is no digging harrow on earth that equals the Cutaway in my esti-

mation. After using this tool freely smooth down with somesmoothing harrow, and roll, and you are ready for planting. If yourfield is ridged at all by use of Cutaway (a disk harrow will ridge it

more) from careless driving or from not lapping half and going backand forth, a clod crusher made of say six 4 by 4 inch scantling about8 feet long will level it nicely. These .should be placed side by side

with a corner of each one down and holes bored and two iron rods

put through to hold them. Get on and ride and this will level yourfield nicely. In our rotation after the potatoes are dug we dependalmost entirely on the Cutaway to dig up the surface ready for

wheat sowing without plowing. This fall we will try the CutawayRevolving Plow or Harrow that throws all one way, for this purpose.

Perhaps this will take the place of the old style and we can goaround a field lapping half instead of back and forth as we now do.

T. B. Terry.Hudson, Ohio, September 7, 1895.

For potato culture, it is hardly necessary for us to add to the

fine article written by Mr. Terry, so nicely has he woven the"Cutaway" into his work. We can simply say that the tools best

adapted for this work are the regular "A" series of Cutaway harrows,

as illustrated.

It is a Dandy. Our New Steel Frame.

A 8, 8-foot.

We make three sizes, 6, 7 and 8-foot.

We call your special attention to our new steel frame Cutaway.

This is the strongest and most durable harrow ever yet put upon the

market. The above cut represents the A-8, eight foot cut.



26

How to Grow Grass.

BY GEORGE M. CLARK.

Moist land is best for grass; swamp lands, when properly-

graded, prove the best.Do

not underdrain them until first tried by-

grading. If they contain too much muck, sand should be mixed

with the surface. Twice as much grass can be grown on the wet as

on the dry lands, say five tons per acre on the moist and two and

one-half tons per acre on the dry lands would be a good average

crop.

Timothy and Red Top mixed give the best results, they ma-

ture well together, and will stand from six to seven years. In re-

seeding, all old grasses must be killed out before sowing the newseed. To continue a grass crop only two or three months is al-

lowed to destroy the old sod and re-seed. To do that work the

only class of tools which I have found are made by the Cutaway

Harrow Company, and known as their "Cutaway" plows and har-

rows. With the aid of these machines all the old sod can be en-

tirely destroyed and the new seed sown in less than sixty days. If

we do not fully destroy all the old grasses they return and destroy

the young grasses. The old grass must be killed before planting

new.

The Cutaway Revolving Gang Plow, the Right Lap Cutawayand the Cutaway Harrow, all made by the Cutaway Harrow Com-pany, will kill and destroy the toughest sod. They also make a

Smoothing Harrow, the best on the market to grade grass fields,

trotting parks, or any land; all cheap, durable and effective.

Since the 15th of July with one each of the above mentioned tools

I have subdued ten acres of my toughest grass land. I first cut it

up with the Gang plow, then with the Right Lap Cutaway, andagain with the Cutaway Harrow, after which with their SmoothingHarrow I graded and harrowed in the grass seed; all was finished

on September 7th, in less than fifty days the old grass had been en-

tirely killed.

I sow fourteen quarts each of re-cleaned Timothy and Red Topupon each acre. This ten-acre field is a part of a sixteen-acre lot

which I have had down to grass for five, six and seven years. Thetotal first crop in the last four years of well-dried hay has been overtwo hundred and forty-six tons. My best acre of swamp bottomhas yielded over six tons each year. That acre is a portion of theten just re-seeded, and from which I expect to get nearly or quitesix tons next year. Yours truly,

George M. Clark,Higganum, Conn., September i, 1895,



Grass.

Prof. Roberts, of Cornell University, at a recent Farmers Insti-

tute said: "There are three golden links in agriculture, and if the

chain be broken you very soon find that, first, the land suffers, andnext the people suffer. These links are implied in this statement: We

raise a plant to feed an animal, to make fertility, to raise another

plant to feed another animal to make more fertility." This embraces

all there is of permanently successful agriculture.but there are innumer-

able particulars embraced in this law that are not stated. The plants

as well as the animals must be fed, and the product of the soil must

pay a tax to the farmer whose head directs and whose hands perform

the labor involved in the operation. This theory cannot be carried

out without grass, which must ever be the sheet anchor of successful

farming, and the true meadow g'-asses are large consumers and small

producers of nitrogen —an element necessary to their succe tsfu

growth. This nitrogen must be supplied or the grass will deteriorate.

Nitrogen exists abundantly in the air, but sparingly in the soil. Apasture should improve with age. But the best perennial grasses

will deteriorate or die out unless aided. All the substance taken

off, whether crops, meat, wool, milk or butter, are mostly that much

taken from the soil. The place of these must be supplied one way or

another. One way is to purchase nitrogeneous fertilizers, or make

them elsewhere than on the pastuie land; another way is to tear up

the grass sod, cutting the old hardened roots, and causing new feed-

ers to put out in search of plant food, and scatter in clover (the

crimson seems the best in most of the Southwest) or, if there are

places where the grass is weak, a few cow peas will gather nitrogenfrom the atmosphere and distribute it where it is most needed. Per-

ennial grasses will become weak if the roots are left undisturbed,

because these roots become hard, like heart wood in a tree, and can

no longer feed the plant. Tearing these roots up new ones will

grow and the grass take on a new lease of life. In Europe a

harrow made of sharp cutting teeth is used for this purpose, and

every two or three years the grass is gone over with this implement and

the grass thus treated is preserved for ten or twenty years, or longer,

in perfect vigor. There can be no permanent agricultural prosperity

without grass, hence the best manner of producing and preserving it

it is worthy of thought. This requires that nitrogen be supplied,

either by direct application, or by growing with the grass such plants

as have the power to gather it from the great fountain —the atmos-

phere.

The Cutaway "Right Lap" will do more than theEnglish SharpCutting Tooth harrow for contining grass fields.



3°

Clark's Cutaway Smoothing and Leveling HarrowThe two cuts illustrate Clark's Smoothing and Leveling harrow which Mr. George

M. Clark used in the preparation of his grass field.

One^'Horse, 6 foot cut.

With this tool every field can be made as smooth as a floor and the soil pulverized

fine enough for a flower bed, makes a mo?t perfect onion bed.

This harrow is also a great road maker. One man with a horse can make a per-

fect trotting track of any road. It is adjustable with a lever by which the entire action

is controlled by the driver and he can remove at will all the earth possible for the team

to haul, taking it from hills or uneven places and putting it into hollows to level up thefield.

Made in two sizes; one horse, 6-ft; two horse, 8-ft.

Two Horse, 8 foot cut.

The tools which Mr. Clark mostly used in the preparation of his celebrated grassfields are, viz. First, the Cutaway Revolving Gang Plow which we herewith describe.

Also it is our pleasure to show a cut produced from a photograph taken in a field byMr. C. E. Swenson, Nourse, Texas. This illustration shows what the plow will do in

a field of wild sunflowers ranging from eight to twelve feet in height. We call yourspecial attention to our full description of these plows.

The next tool was the regular Cutaway harrow, which we have fully described in aprevious article. For finishing and smoothing the ground Mr. Clark used the cele-

brated Cutaway Smoothing and Leveling harrow. With this tool every field can bemade as smooth as a floor and the soil made fine enough for a flower bed; there is notool that will produce so perfect a seed bed as this smoothing and leveling harrow.

This machine is also a great road builder. With it one man with one horse canmake a perfect trotting track of any road. As you will notice by cut, it is adjustable

with a lever by which the entire action is controlled by the driver, who will remove at

will all the earth possible for a team to haul, taking it from hills and uneven places andputting it into hollows and leveling up the field.



31

Clark's Cutaway Revolving Plow ! ! !

BY C. E. SWENSON, NOURSE, TEXAS.

The most simple, effective, useful, durable and labor-Saving

Tool of the kind made. Plows from 32 to 40 inches wide (accordingto size) and from 3 to 6 inches deep with 4 horses. The cuts on fol-

lowmg pages are of 32 inch Plow at work in a patch of sunflowers, ragweeds and artichokes much taller than the team and as thick as theycould go through, plowing nearly 6 inches deep with 4 horses.

You will understand the wonderful simplicity and effectivenessof the Plow by these cuts and the principle on which it works. Inappearance it resembles a harrow but the gangs are connected in

center by ball and socket joint and you will notice that the left handgang has 7?a;/ (not curved) notched disks and are set straight or at

right angles with the pole and is rigid and acts as coulters and land-

bars, cutting trash, cracking and pulverizing the ground/^;- andresisting the pressure of the plows or right gang which has curvedcutaway disks and which can be angled by a lever in front as muchor little as desired or necessary. The steel spring mould boards

comes down just behind each one of the disks on right gang andhelps' to completely turn the furrows and level the land. Theweight necessary for the kind of land or depth of work to be done you

will notice is placed on left gang only to make coulters go downabout as deep as you wish to plow them next time around the right

gang or plows will have no trouble to go into the ground.

This Plow will do as much and better work than two sulkey or

mouldboard plows for the simple reason it will cut the stalks or trash

and mix thoroughly /;/ and pulverize the ground as no mouldboardplow can do: in fact, it does the work of a stalk-cutter, harrow and

plow and remember at one going over the land besides taking only 4

horses and i man instead of a horse and 2 men to do your plowing

in same time, saying nothing about the extra time and cost it takes

to cut the stalks and harrowing the ground to get it in same fix by

the old method.

No Solid disk plow or harrow can compare with the Cutaway

either for plowing or harrowing or lightness of draft in hard ground

because a solid disk cannot penetrate the ground as easily as the

Cutaway Disk. All farmers know by experience that they cannot dig

as easily in hard tough ground with a shovel as with a spade or with

a grubbing hoe as with a pick, and of course the same principle holds

good between the solid disk and the Cutaway. I know of no tool of

the kind which is as useful, simple, durable and labor-saving as

Clark's Cutaway Revolving Plow and I think all who have bought

one will agree with me on this because there are several tools in one,



32

'filM'ti

liwilPi *^^ /

namely a Plow, Harrow, Stalk-Cutter and also a Drill if latest im-

proved seeder is attached or bought with it, for it is strictly a forcefeed and drops the grain to the bottom of the furrows just behindeach of the right hand disks and is covered at same time and in rows8 inches apart, same as a regular drill only the land is left level

instead of in small furrows. Now Farmers, if all of the above is

true, —is not this Plow worthy of your investigation? Is there anysensible farmer that will invest a big sum of money in several imple-ments to stand around (as is generally the case) to rust and rot, say-ing nothing about the extra time and cost it takes to operate andkeep them in repair when he knows he can get One that will do thework of all above mentioned and that at one operation ?

I will mention some of the most necessary things it will do to

show you it is the most labor-saving and useful tool you can buy.Of course you know about the amount of time and work and cost it

takes to put in a crop as before, and the shape in which it leaves theland, but, with one of these plows

and the latest seeder attached, allyou have to do (if you want to sow wheat in corn land for instance)is to hitch your horses and put wheat in seeder and plow across therows and it will cut your stalks and turn them under so they won't bein your way at harvest, and pulverize and level your land and drill

your wheat or grain in at same time, and at the rate of from 4 to 6 ormore acres a day accordingto speed of team and the time you put in.

In cotton land it will do the same, so you won't be bothered but verylittle, if any, in either harvest or threshing. In the spring when put-



33

ting in oats, millet, sorghum, etc., and especially in weedy groundyou would have to either pulverize or plow and then drill in to keep

weeds from taking crop, but with Clark's Revolving Plow you do it

all at once and in the shortest possible time and with by far the least

expense.

If you like level cultivation, then for planting potatoes, etc.,' it is

very handy for it opens up and covers at same time and leaves the

land in the finest shape, and you can have the rows any distance you

wish apart by taking up disks.

I attached a corn planter to a 40 in. plow (making rows 3 ft. 4

in. apart) and used it for planting nearly all my corn this spring, and

I cannot see but what it is just as good or even better than any other

method because all done at one stroke, namely: plowing, pulverizing,

opening up, planting and covering and with only one man. The only

trouble being at ends and that did not amount to much, only taking

a little more room in turning. Whenfirst

rowis laid off straight it is

no trouble to keep balance straight.

I had less trouble to keep that corn clean than any other because it

gave the ground such a rough working while planting that the weeds

could not get much chance. All farmers know (or ought to know)

that the more and better working they give their land just before

and while planting the less trouble they will have afterwards, and the

more thrifty the crop.

Justafter harvest if the grain is put in rows and in small hand

stocks (which is by far the best way anyhow) a man can get over his



34

Liiid in a hurry with the Cutaway Plow, and there is nothing that can

compare with it, and then as a general thing the land plows better

that time of the year than any other, and by attaching, hitching to or

following with a cotton planter a man can plant this land in cotton at

same time with very little if any extra trouble or expense, besides

seed it and it is surer to make a crop after the Cutaway Plow than

any other tool because it pulverizes the ground so perfectly that it

will retain the moisture. Now if the cotton makes anything, and

price of same justifies to pick it before stalks or even leaves are dry

if possible, good and well, if not, the same; attach seeder (if you wish

to put in grain) and plow across the rows, and turn under the green

cotton, drill in your wheat or grain at the same time and thus bring

your land up instead of running it down and when it can be done so

easily and cheaply too. Cotton is the next best thing to peas here in

the back soil for renovating it.

Now farmer friends some of the above may seem impossible andeven ridiculous to you and some of you may even probably believe

me to be an unmitigated misrepresentor and while you have no right

to, still I do not wonder at or blame you nor do I suppose I can help

myself before farther acquaintance and because there are so manyfrauds in every line that a person must and naturally will, and prob-

ably from past experience learn to keep his eyes open and not bite at

every bait that is put out for him, but this is not bait but the plain

unavoidable tnctJi and hard sound facts.

I am an experimental farmer myself and have tried nearly all

the different kinds of implements intended for the ordinary crops andkind of soil here and between and including plank drags and steam

plows as well as hundreds of varieties of seeds, and of course it is

not necessary for me to tell you I have found many frauds and oftenbeen a sucker too, and I honestly believe my experience has cost meenough and that I have had enough to know what I am talking aboutand will prove it to you if you will only give me a chance.

Now if you mean business and will buy a plow, if as it is repre-sented and there is none that you know of in your immediate locality,write to me and say so, and I will bring one and show you in yourown field what it will do and you dont have to pay a cent until youare satisfied.

Have you ever had anything fairer than this offered you ? Canyou ask for anv more ?

I tell you the plain truth, I will handle only a few implementsand those of extra merit only. Clark's Revolving Plow is one imple-ment that will pay for itself in a short time both in the saving oflabor and

mbigger

yield on account of the way it handles the dirtand because you can get over your ground when in the best shape andin a hurry.



35

Don't be doubtful enough to keep from investigating about and

buying a Cutaway Plow, for the time will surely come when you will

regret you did not buy.

Don't take it forgranted that

Iclaim

it will plow or do anything

anywhere for it will not, and is only intended for land already in culti-

vation. It is not intended for breaking sod, or land that is too rocky,

or land as hard as the public road or in mud holes, but land in shape

that any good, honest, reasonable, sensible farmer would expect it to or

want it worked. There is nothing yet out (that I am aware of) that

will equal or even compare with it and that will give a farmer better

satisfaction. Now in conclusion will simply say: Hoping that this

will be the cause of giving Clark's Revolving Plow the investigationand attention it so justly deserves and assuring you that you will

never regret the day you buy one, I beg to remain most respect-

fully yours.



36

An Entirely New Departure.

A Complete Revolution in Plowing

Clark's Cutaway Revolving Plow, Series 2.

This Cut represents the 40-inch Cutaway Revolving Gang Plow.

This plow is constructed in similar form to the harrow. Theleft-hand gang is set rigid, at right angles with the pole, and con-

structed with flat-notched disks, and connected with the right-handgang by means of a ball and socket joint.

The right-hand gang is constructed with curved Cutaway Disks,

with steel mould boards in the rear. This gang is adjustable to

different angles, and controlled by means of a rachet lever, thusregulating the depth of cut. The greater the angle the deeper thefurrow.

The flat disks serve as coulters, cutting the ground for thecurved disks, which follow in the same track the next time around,acting as plowshares, penetrating and lifting the earth, the steel

spring mould boards completely turning the furrow, plowing andfinishing a furrow of the width indicated by the size of the ploweach time the field is crossed.

The mould-boards are so arranged that the driver can, by theuse of a foot lever, secure them firmly or loosely, and by raisingthem, quickly free them from any entangling substance while theplow is in motion.

These plows are not intended for tough sod plowing, but theyare an excellent stubble land and summer fallow plow; and wher-ever they can be used, they far excel any other plow in quality of

work. In hard-baked adobe and clay lands an excellent seed bedcan be made by overlapping. They require less than half the powerof any other pattern of gang plow. Four horses can easily handlethe 40-inch plow, and plow from six to ten acres per day. The)- arestrong and durable. The wear and tear of the blades is not one-fourth of what it is on ther kinds of plows.



A Rotation for the Small Farmer.

PROF. W. C. WELBORN, IN SOUTHERN FARM GAZETTE.

A good deal of land in the South has been so run down that it

cannot be cultivated profitably. This has been brought about, I

think, more from washing due to continuous clean cultivation in cot-

ton than from all other causes combined. Careless, shallow plowing

up and down hill has facilitated this washing.

It is well known to every farmer how rapidly yield decreases

when the same crop follows itself year after year on the same land.

It is well known, too, that crops resembling do not follow each other

to good advantage, as corn, oats, sorghum, etc. Either of these does

remarkably well after cotton. In all the older agricultural countries

there is a regular system of rotation practiced. That is, some four

or five crops follow each other in regular succession. Land owners

require this rotation of tenants. In England a common rotation is,

first year, turnips; second year, barley; third and fourth years, clover;

and fifth year, wheat. In the older states of the North clover is in-

variably grown two years in every five, the other three being devoted

to corn, wheat or oats. In Germany or France, sugar, beets or pota-toes may be grown in every rotation, but clover, or some like crop, is

surely given to enrich the land for the other crops.

The South ought to have a system of rotation. We can grow a

greater variety of profitable crops than any other part of our country,

and why waste our energies and our wealth of fertile soil in an un-

wise and wasteful course of cropping?

The small farmers throughout the South generally raise cotton,

corn and oats. Why not let these crops follow each other in regular

order? Then the rotation would be, first year cotton; second year,

corn and peas; third year, oats, followed by peas. The fourth year

the land would go back in cotton. It is not at all probable that the

time will soon come when a great majority of Southern farmers will

not raise cotton. Under such a system as proposed, a good corn

crop grown very cheaply could always be counted on after cotton.

The peas wouldenrich the land for the following oat crop. The oat

and pea crop would fill the land with vegetable matter and put it in

good physical condition for cotton again.



38

So, in the South, we can grow our regular feed and sale crops

every year, and keep our land rich with the catchcrop, peas. Of

course it is understood the farm would have to be divided into three

parts so that each crop could be grown every year. There can be no

doubt that had such a system been practiced in the South, the third

of many farms in cotton would produce more than the whole now

does.

Every farmer can arrange for himself a rotation of the crops he

grows, remembering to always grow a leguminous, or food-bearing

crop, as often as possible, to bring down fertilizing matter from the

air for succeeding crops.

In the black land, lime, and heavy clay sections of the South,red clover succeeds admirably and could be used in a rotation. In

the sandy and loamy sections, great claims are made for the annual

crimson clover. Sowed the last working of corn or cotton it makes

luxuriant growth in fall and winter, affording good winter grazing

and completing its growth next spring in time for another regular

crop. It will not succeed on heavy soils.

For general use in rotation of crops you want the celebrated

Right Lap Cutaway with Seeder and the A-4J4 Cutaway, Reversible.

There has no tool ever yet been introduced into the cotton field

that has made so complete a revolution as the celebrated A—4^Cutaway Harrow, which we herewith illustrate.

This tool has been in successful operation some five years in the

cotton fields. It is with pleasure we annex the following testimon-

ials telling what it will do.

We also illustrate the "A—

5 " Cutaway Harrow which has been

used extensively in the south, this being a light 2-horse harrow.

^^'e also make this reversible, when desired.



39

The A-4 One Horse Cutaway.

The "A" Series Cutaway Harrow.

Width of Cut, fiveJeet.

We make all sizes from four feet to sixteen feet.



4°

The A4>^ Reversible Cutaway Harrow.A Great Tool for Harrowing and Cultivating.

Set up for throwing the soil from the plant.

Gangs can be placed, 4, 6 or 8 inches apart as desired. In this shape it can be used for barring off

corn or cotton, cutting up the trash, clods, etc., thoroughly pulverizing the soil in the middle of rows,

making it the most efficient Cultivator used., , .

We now use this harrow for putting in grain, preparing land for corn cotton, etc., bedding up the

land, barring up the rows in first working, and then reversing as shown on other side, for throwing the

soil from the plant.

All for same price as the plain harrow sold for heretofore.

For setting up the harrow in the above shape, place the gang bolts through holes in rear side of

[ongue board and throw lever forward.

Reversible Cutaway Harrow.

Set up for bedding up Corn or Cotton land, or throwing the soil to the plant.

With it in this shape, the farmer can bed his land equally as good as going 4 times with ordinaryplow, giving him the advantage of cutting up the stalks and trash, instead of having to pile and burnthem, being worth at least Si. 50 to $2.00 per acre as a fertilizer, also adding humus to the soil.

For setting up harrows in this shape, remove bolts in rear side of tongue board, wheel ^an-^'s aroundand place bolts in front holes of tongue board and throw lex^er backward.



4J

TESTIMONIALS.

Newburgh, Ala., Sept. 4, 1895.

Gents: —I could write a whole book in praise of the CutawayHarrow. I think it one of the grandest tools any farmer everowned. I cultivate corn, cotton, peas, water melons, sorghum cane,in fact, I use it more or less in cultivating everything on the farm;put in all my small grain. Tried alternating "lands" of oats put in

with turn plow, old style, and Cutaway harrow. Oats put in bylatter were sown on stalks without being broken and were 10 to 15^

better and a week earlier. My corn I cultivated exclusively withharrow. Can cultivate seventy-five acres straight corn with a single

man and two horses and can make more per acre, other things beingequal, than any one-horse plow farmer on earth and do it easier.

A hoe never has to follow a Cutaway harrow in corn, except to thin.

Yours truly,J. W. C. Smith.

J. W. C. Smith, of Newburg, Ala., says, "any farmer that will

not buy a Cutaway Harrow at the price does not want any improvedfarm tools. To say that I am well pleased with mine puts it very

mild. I put in 40 acres of clover, grass and oats, and cultivated 60

acres corn, making 20 to 60 bushels to the acre and never put a plow

in the field after the rows were laid off.

McRae, Ga. Aug. 3, 1894.

Gents: —I am using your Cutaway Harrow to prepare first year's

new land; also for sowing peas and grain and for preparing and bed-

ding land, and find it the most perfect and needed help ever offered

the farmers in the shape of an agricultural implement for general

uses. Yours very respectfully, Chas. D. Adams.

Eunice, Ga.

Gents: —No farmer can afford to be without at least one

Cutaway Harrow. I am well pleased with mine and would not take

double what it cost if I could not get another. It is just the thing in

turf land, especially wire grass lands.

Yours truly, J. A. Williams.

Cochran, Ga.

Gents: —The Cutaway Harrow does excellent work, is a labor

saving land improver and a genuine cotton and corn stalk cutter; as

well as all other litter. It does all that is claimed for it and I am

more than pleased.

Yours truly, Jarret Green.



4z

Eastman, Ga.

Gents: —1 find the Cutaway Harrow indispensable on my land

for pulverizing and in many instances superceeding the plow. I take

no hesitancy in recommending it to the farmers generally.

Yours respectfully, Holt & Son.

Eastman, Ga.

Gentlemen: —I used the Cutaway Harrow for the purpose of

preparing a piece of land I cleared, never had any other plow on it,

and it thoroughly pulverized the soil, leaving it in nice condition for

any kind of seed. Respectfully, Rev. J. C. Carr.

Dublin, Ga.Gentlemen: —The Cutaway Harrow is the best thing I ever saw

to cut up corn and cotton stalks and at the same time break up land.

It is a perfect success and I would not be without one.

Yours truly, J. R. Stinson.

Covington, Ga.

Gentlemen: —We used one of your Cutaway Harrows in Bur-

muda turf last season for twenty days, cutting it all to pieces, andwe could not plow the turf with a i-horse or a 2-horse plow.

Respectfully, Warren & Harris.

Scotland, Ga., Aug. 22, '94.

Gents: —I am using your Cutaway harrow and find it the best

agricultural tool I have ever used. I find it the very thing for bed-ding up corn or cotton land for cultivating. I take pleasure in

recommendingit

to the farmers, C. A\\ Stewart.

Scotland, Ga., .Aug. 21, 1894.

Gents; —I take pleasure in recommending to the farmers of

South Georgia the Clark's Cutaway Harrow. You can't estimate its

worth on a farm unless you have one.Yours truly, Jno. D. Stewart.

Princltux, S. C.

Gentlemen: —I have recently purchased one of your 2-horsetwelve 16-inch disk, 6-foot Cutaway Harrows. I am much pleasedwith it and regard it one of the best implements a farmer can pur-chase. Yours truly,

J. B. Humbert.

Dublin, Ga.Gents: —We broke up (50) acres of wire grass land with a plow

and left it so rough we could not make a crop on it the first year.

We purchased one of your Cutaway Harrows and find it better, if

anything, than recommended.Yours truly, Galdwin Birch & Thos. Warren.



43

The New Model Dutton Mower Knife Grinder.' A most valuable improvement has been made in the means used

for holding the knife to the grinding wheel, when being ground.

The pressure of the knife against the wheel is made less at thelower part of the knife section, where the least grinding is needed,and is gradually increased as the wheel is moved along the edge ofthe section towards its point.

"Keep the Knives Sharp."With a dull knife, the wear and strain, both on machine and

team, are greatly increased, and the grass will be badly cut.

A man, or even a boy, with this machine, can grind a mowerknife perfectly, and with ease and rapidity.

When a section is dulled or nicked by coming in contact with a

stone, as often happens, it can be sharpened without grinding theother sections.

The Corundum Grinding Wheeldoes its work well. It wears but little, and will last, according to

the amount of work done, from three to five years, and probablylonger. There is a large hole in the center of the wheel, made watertight by the flanges which clamp the wheel and hold it in position.

When the machine is used this hole space is filled with water througha small hole in the side of one of its flanges; the hole is then pluggedup. When turning the wheel in grinding, the water is driven

through its pore by centrifugal force, completely wetting its grmd-ing surface, this prevents the temper of' the knife from being de-

stroyed, which would be done if the wheel were used dry.

The Operator

while grinding a knife, stands facing the side of the wheel and over

the knife clamp, this brings the grinding of the section directly under

the eye.

By means of a new improvement the grinder can be readily

clamped to a pole orthe rim of any wheel having a width of from

3to 5% inches.

Price, $5.00.



44

We also illustrate the celebrated Clipper Whetsone which puts

on the finishing touches. A mowing machine knife made sharp wiih

these two tools will do nearly double the work that a dull machinewill.

The Clipper Whetstone.Price



Clark s Improved Root Cutter.

The above cut is represented as broken in the frame for the

purpose of showing cutting apparatus.

Perfection attained in cutting roots. The neatest, strongest,

simplest, cheapest and most perfect root cutter in the market.

This Cutter is built with a heavy oak frame, well bolted to-

gether; is staunch and strong, neatly finished, hansomely striped

and ornamented. The cutting apparatus consists of steel knives

(gouge shaped), so arranged on a wrought iron shaft that they

are perfectly secure; no chance of becoming loose or breaking.The roots are neatly cut to pieces suitable for feeding. No coarse,

ungainly pieces are left by this Cutter. A boy can easily cut thirty-

five to forty bushels yer hour, so easily does it do its work. Don't

fail to examine it.



Plow Testimonials.

Kansas, III., Aug. lo, 1895.

We the undersigned have this day witnessed an exhibition of

Clark's 40 inch Revolving Plow on John T. Bennett's farm, in both

wheat and oats stubble land and must say it did beautiiul work plow-

ing and turning successfully 40 inches or 80 inches to the round,

four and six inches deep and thoroughly pulverizing the ground

leaving it level and in excellent condition for seeding.

Four horses handle this Plow successfully.

John T. Bennett,

Sinned.

\V H. Bull,

J. Y W'lLHOIT,Riley Nay,T. B. COOKSEY,Daniel Mink,O. E. WiLHOIT,C. C. Griffith.

La Crosse, Kansas,Gents: —I used one of your Revolving Plows last fall to fit sixty

acres of ground for wheat. Part of the ground had not beenjilowed for six or seven years. It put it in fine condition for seed-

ing, and at the present time I have an excellent stand of wheat. I

consider it an excellent implement for this part of the country.

Yours respectfully,

C. X. PECKHAM.

State Insane Hospital,

Kankakee, 111.

Geniiemen: —The Illinois Eastern Hospital for the Insane pur-

chased one of Clark's Cutaway Revolving Plows, Series a. Weplowed forty acres with it last fall and did a fine job. The groundwas so dry and hard that we could not plow with either walking orriding mould board plow.

I think it is just the thing to put in fall grain with, for it notonly plows but pulverizes and levels, making a perfect seed bed all

at the same time, I look on the Tplow as a valuable acquisition toany farm. Yours very truly,

S. M. CAULKINS.



47

NoNCHALANTA, Kansas.

Gentlemen: —Allow us to add our testimony in I'ecommendation

of Clark's Cutaway Revolving Gang Plow. It will do all you claim

for it. Put in two hundred acres of wheat with one of your plowslast fall, and it is all in fine condition.

J. C. CLARK. Jr.

J. F. SPANGLER.

RiGGSTON, 111.

Gentlemen: —We used Clark's 48-inch Revolving Gang Plow to

prepare fifty-five acres of stubble land for wheat last fall, andit

putthe land in better fix for wheat than we could have done it with the

common plow. Yours very truly

W. S. EBAUGH.

Harper, Kansas.

Gentlemen: —When I first received the Cutaway Plow, I did not

like it, but after some further improvements were made and I

learned how to use it, I liked it very much; one has to learn to run

it and use it for just what it was made for. On stubble or free-

working and reasonably clean soil I never saw anything that will do

the work it will. I am perfectly satisfied with my purchase and

would not now take for the plow the money I paid for it.

Yours truly,

W. B. ORANGE.



Harrow Testimonials.

Pomona, Calif.

Gentlemen: —Your Clark's Cutaway Disk Harrow is a success as

an orchard Cultivator, as it leaves no furrow surface after it, and is a

thorough pulverizer and weed cutter all at once, standing first in the

front ranks as a thorough Cultivator.

Very respectfully, H. Ebert.

Rivera, Calif.

Gents: —The Clark's Cutaway Harrow is far superior to anything

I ever saw in the way of an orchard tool. It will thoroughly pulver-

ize the soil to the depth required and will destroy all weeds and

trash, thoroughly mixing them with the soil, thereby protecting the

roots and retaining the moisture.

For cultivating orchards, in most cases it will do away with the

plow entirely, thus saving a great deal of labor and expense. I can

heartily recommend it to all Fruit Growers as being the most ser-vicable tool in the market. Yours, James Stewart.

Los Angeles, Calif.

Gentlemen:— Cl.\^\L"i REVERSIBLE CUTAWAY HARROWis the best general tool for orchard work ever placed in the field.

Yours, A. T. Gary.

Los Angeles, Calif.

Gents: —We have tried nearly all the orchard tools now on the

market and have found none that gives as good satisfaction as yourReversible Cutaway Harrow.

Yours truly, Mckinley Brothers.

Gents: —It is the only Machine I ever saw that would do my worksatisfactorily. Mr. Chilton.



49

Bedford, Ky.Gents:— \^& have used your Cutaway harrow for two years in

cultivating peach trees and we would say you have been a blessing in

our country in the production of Clark's Cutaway Harrow. We do

not use the plow at all. Yours truly, Combs & Campbell.

Belle Fourche, S. D.Gents: —Your harrow arrived here about the loth of May. I

have tried it and am well pleased with it. There has been several per-sons looking at it; they think it is just the thing for this dry climate.

Yours truly, Wm. Thomas.

New Milford, Pa,Gentlemen: —The Cutaway Harrow came O. K. and I have tried

it on old ground and sod and find it exceeds my expectations. Onceover pulverizes it better than any other harrow I ever used and everyone who sees it says it beats them all.

Yours truly, C. C. Keeney.

Hardenburg, Va,Getitlemen: —I have done a great quantity with the Cutaway har-

row this spring; it is the best harrow and seeder I ever saw. It doesgood work and fast; I have no doubt but they will take the lead of all

harrows ever made. Yours very truly, Charles Hardenburg.

Nebraska City, Neb.

Gentlemen:-,— ClsLvk'^ Cutaway Harrow purchased of you has been

used on my farm for preparing the ground and putting in grass seeds

and oats, and for preparing corn stalk ground for the Lister; and myneighbors have used it for pulverizing newly turned sod and in every

instance we all pronounced it a perfect success. It is light draft and

spades up and pulverizes the ground to the depth of four inches.

Yours truly, Jas. W. Eaton.

Arcadia, Neb,

Gentlemen: —Have sold and used the Cutaway Harrow for three

years and find it the best disk harrow I ever sold or used.

Yours truly, Peter Christian.

Cherry Valley, Ills,

Dear Sir: —We were much pleased with the work of the "Clark's

Cutaway Harrow" that we bought of you last spring. I believe it

will be just the tool to renovate old meadows and pastures.

J. R. Post.



so

McRae, Ga.

Gents: —We consider your Cutaway Harrow the best agricul-

tural implement ever produced for clearing new land, bedding corn

and cotton land. We can't see how farmers can afford to be with-

out the Cutaway Harrow. Henry Wilcox.

J. P. Wilcox.

Abbeville, La.

Gentlemen: —The Cutaway Harrow does the work of a plow and

a harrow at the same time in sod that was cultivated last year in rice

I plowed it up this year with my harrow and done better work than

the plow could have done.

Very respectfully, E. W. Gaspard.

Springhaven, Ga.

Gentlemen: —The ten disk Cutaway Harrow we bought last year

surpasses all farm implements we have ever tried; it is complete in

breaking old or new land. One man and two mules will accomplish

as much in one day as four men and four mules will in the samelength of time with any other tool.

Wewould not be without ours

for twice its worth. Truly yours, Rawles & Hughes.

Cochran, Ga.

Gentlemen: —I cannot say too much of the latest improved

Reversible Cutaway Harrow. It is simple the best tool ever used on

any farm. I can use it as a pulverizer, bedding corn or cotton land,

also cultivating by throwing the soil away or to the growing crop, as

desired. Neither can it be excelled for putting in peas, oats, etc.

Yours very truly, T. H. Overby.

Dr. G. W. Julian Pearson, Ga., writes: —"I prepared, planted andcultivated, with the Cutaway Harrow, (no other plow used from first

to last), 12 acres of corn, and the actual time consumed altogether,

was only c^Yz days. The Clark Reversible Cutaway Harrow is the

greatestlabor saving farm implement ever used.

Original and only Clark Cutaway Disk Harrow, known as

"Competition Killer." This is not a so-called "Spading Harrow,"there is but one "Cutaway" Harrow made. We guarantee the ClarkCutaway Disk Harrow to do better work in any and all conditions of

ground, and to pull lighter than any solid wheel or round disk made.Remember there is only one genuine Cutaway harrow and that

is the original and only Clark Cutaway Harrow. It has no com-petitors.



51

Gents:— I consider the REVERSIBLE CUTAWAY the bestorchard tool on the Slope. james McClay.

Gents:~l have seen all the orchard tools at work, but the "Cut-away" beats them all. Juj^^e Craig.

Gents:~l never saw any tool that could equal it. D. B. Snow.

Gents:~lt is far superior to any tool yet on the market.

Dr. Wall.

Read what Sup'tJones of the Hughes Ranch has to say:

"I had no faith in the CUTAWAY at first but was finally per-suaded to try it, and I must say that it does far better work thanany orchard tool I ever saw. In it you will find a world-beater."

Gents: —For the past (15) years I have been looking for a tool torun in my orchard, and it was not until I saw the "Cutaway" at workthat my mind was at rest. I have seen it at work in several orchardsand can honestly say it is a tool that every fruit grower should have.Send me one at once. Yours truly, J. G, Ott.

MiNDEN, Iowa.Gents: —Upon purchasing this stock of goods at this place last

July, (1892) we secured the agency for the Clark's Cutaway Har-row, and in doing so we gave our order for (25), feeling a little at

the same time that we were over-reaching a fair estimate of thenumber that we would be able to sell in this locality, as a very fewwere put out in the Spring of 1892, as introduction, and the merits

of the tool had not yet been realized. We found that we weregreatly mistaken. The (25) soon vanished away and we began to

send in orders one after another for more, and could not get themas fast as they were called for. We sold (40) Clark's Cutaway Har-rows, and could have sold (10) more could we have gotten them.

We never handled a farming tool that gives such universal satisfac-

tion. In fact, we think, and so does our customers who purchased

these implements, that this tool is as essential on the farm as the

plow. When farmers are putting in small grain in corn stalks it

does away with the corn stalk cutters, as it completely pulverizes

the land and cuts the stalks all at the same time and leaves the land

perfectly level. No good farmer in this locality wiH be without one

one year hence.Yours Respectfully, Wm. McEndree & Co.



52

MiNDEN, Iowa.

Gentlemen: —We used one of Clark's Disk Harrows this season

on new breaking that was full of oak grubs and hazel brush and

can say thatit worked splendid. We certainly could not have planted

it to a crop of corn and tendedit

had wenot had the harrow. The

crop on this ground is better than the average of old ground in our

neighborhood. We could not speak in too much praise of the har-

row; as from the condition of our land we feel that the harrow has

rewarded us fully five hundred dollars on this one crop alone. Wecan say to anyone contemplating buying a disk harrow, to give

Clark's Cutaway Harrow a trial first above all others; you will be

satisfied. We would not take one hundred dollars for ours if we

could not get another.

Yours truly, Carl Leitzke.

Fred Leitzke.

Palisade, Neb.

Gentlemen: —The Clark's Cutaway Harrow that I purchased sur-

passes everything I have seen in the disk line. I put in 130 acres

of wheat with it on sod and it chopped up the sod and turned the

ground equal to a stirring plow. I would not do without it for

twice its price.

A neighbor of mine, Mr. Davis, after seeing the fine work I

did with the "Cutaway" borrowed it to compare with a Solid Disk

of his own. One round in the field convinced him of its superiority

and he laid his own disk aside and finished putting in his grain

with the "Cutaway," stating that it was the finestmachine

on the

market. Yours truly, Peter Huffer.

Hubbard, Oregon.Gentlemen: —I have thoroughly tried the Cutaway Harrow and

think there is nothing like it for hop cultivation and orchard work.

For working sod land it is superior to the solid disk or any other

harrow I ever used, especially if land hasbeen plowed

forsometime and let lay. Yours truly, G. W. Dimick.

LoRAMiE, Ohio.Gents: —I have given the harrow a good test and find it far supe-

rior to any tool I have ever seen before. It excells the full disk in

every respect, l have now used both and know this to be a fact. I

would rather buy the "Cutaway" than have the disk at half price.

Yours truly, B. Schlater.



AxTELL, Neb.

Gentlemen: —I bought one of Clark's Cutaway Harrows from your

agents, Nelson & Bengston, and so far as I have tried it I am well

pleased with same. For light draft they cannot be beat and also dogood work.

Truly yours, Swan M. Nelson.

RocKFORD, Ills.

Gentlemen: —The Cutaway Harrows I bought of you last season

'have given entire satisfaction wherever sold. Here are some of the

expressions used by various purchasers concerning it: —"Just the tool

to renovate old meadows and pastures." "Does more work with less

horse-power than any other disc Harrow." "As far ahead of the full

disc as the full disc is ahead of nothing." "Greatest labor-saving

tool ever invented for the farmer," etc., etc. In no case have they

failed to accomplish more than you claimed they would do.

Most respectfully, M. L. Bruner.



WRITE TO

GENERAL AGENTSOF

The Cutaway Harrow CompanyFor Full Description.

Lininger & Metcalf Co., Omaha, Neb.

Staver & Abbott Mfg. Co., Chicago, 111.

Mitchell, Lewis & Staver Co., Portland, Ore.

Allison, Neff & Co., San Francisco, Cal.

Mathews Implement Co., Los Angeles, Cal.

Stanton, Thomson & Co., Sacramento, Cal.

Stauffer, Eshleman & Co., New Orleans, La.

Southern Farm Tool Co., Atlanta, Ga.

C. P. Poppenheim, Charleston, S. C.

W. S. & R. S. Petty, Pittsboro, N. C.

E. B. Drake, Lexington, Ky.

J. Wilder & Co., Cincianati, O.

Lee-Kinsey Implement Co., Denver, Col.

J. I. Case ^^Kment Co., Minneapolis, Minn.

Geo. A. Lowe, Salt Lake City, Utah.W. D. Carter, Weatherford, Texas.

Joel Wolfe & Co., Galveston, Texas.

Samuel Hooper, Tiffin, Ohio.

A. I,. Babcock Hardware Co., Billings, Mont.A. W. Miles, Livingston, Mont. •

Milton Implement Co., Milton, N. D.

Garner & Cleveland, Devil's Lake, N. D.

The Princess Plow Co., Canton, O.

The A. J. Tracy Co., Ltd., 131 Water St, N. Y.

Geo. Tyler & Co., Boston, Mass.

Richmond Agricultural Implement Co., Richmond, Va.

Wakefield Hardware Co., Greensboro, N. C.

C. C. Townsend & Co., Burlington, N. C.

Young & Co., Bristol, Tenn.

Brown & Sehler, Grand Rapids, Mich.Q. E. Boughey & Co., Traverse City, Mich.

Culture Agriculture Orchard Culture Hale

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