Publisher. Doh-Yeon Kim | Professor Editor. SangJoon Park| Editor-in-chief. Choi Na-youn | eng-reporter@postech.ac.kr | 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, Gyungbuk, KOREA | Tel 82-054-279-3718

http://times.postech.ac.kr

WED., Nov. 04, 2015

No. 87

On Oct. 23, an award ceremony of The 4th POSTECH Cultural Content Contest in Sci-ence and Technology was held in Hogil Kim Memorial Bldg. Room 101. It was hosted by

The Postech Times. The contest started from Sep. 18 and was an

opportunity to enhance creativity and imagi-nation and a chance to express ideas through

various media. Ten teams participated in the contest, 3 teams for UCC, 5 teams for SF, and 2 teams for photo story. The topic of SF was free, and teams for UCC and photo story chose one of the following topics: POSTECH, Postechian, or Science and Society.

The Grand Prize went to Song Wook (CHEM 13) and Runner-up Prize winners were given to one team in each category, Ji Soo Kim (CSE 15) for photo story, the team of Lee Jae Yong (MATH 11), Lee Chi Hun (ME 13), Jeong Jun Kyu (MATH 13) for UCC, and Youk Sol (CE 11) for SF. Cash prizes of 500,000 KRW and 200,000 KRW were giv-en the Grand Prize recipient and Runner-up Prize recipients, respectively. 4 other teams received a Participation Prize and 100,000 KRW. After the award ceremony, a simple reception was held and participants reviewed

their works while enjoying some snacks. The winner of Grand Prize Song Wook, who sub-mitted SF titled "The scientist facing the rat", said "Thanks to this contest, I have an experi-ence to write my idea and happy to get credit for it." Professor SangJoon Park(HSS), who evaluated the contest, said "It is so glad to see that Postechians' cultural imagination and ability expressed through cultural contents are excellent, althogh they are students who are majoring science and engineering."

Meanwhile, the prize-winning works were published in The Postech Times homepage and were exhibited in the entrance of the stu-dent cafeteria from Oct. 26 (Mon) 09:00 to Oct. 30 (Fri) 18:00.

Reporter Park Min-youngpmy4367@postech.ac.kr

First Edition SEP. 2, 2009

POSTECH, SNU, and KAIST made an agreement to cooperate in developing science and technology contents in domestic MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses) on Oct. 14 in SNU. Professors from each university an-nounced that they will help each other produce contents of primary subjects for science and technology including physics, chemistry, life science, chemical engineering, and material engineering by next summer. They decided to share the contents with all students who want, even with high school students. Also, they de-cided to develop the education model based on the K-MOOC contents and share it with other universities in Korea.

For the first year, the leaders of each univer-

sity, including presidents and chairs of several science departments, will make the contents and give lectures directly. President Kim said, “The contents of K-MOOC will contribute to enhancing the abilities of college students a lot because it is based on professionality and the fruitful experience of professors from Korea’s top 3 universities. The result will also be a stimulant to other domestic universities.”

K-MOOC is expected to help professors try flipped-learning, and develop competent people for national science technology, and to make science education more accessible to the public.

Reporter Choi Na-younchoinayoun@

CONTENTS

Historical Prism: Repetition of History and Practical Recollection

Review: The Postech Times, Good Information Source

Reporter Column: Nature's Choice in Our Minds

CAMPUS: Apparatus and Gymnasium Regular Check

How to Start a Start-up in POSTECH

Average Incomes and Expenditures of Postechians

FEATURE: Showing Web-toons through Movies

How Computer-Generated Imagery is Used in Movies

Two Prominent Mountains: Marvel and DC Comics

3

4

5

K-MOOC, Including top 3 Science and Engineering Universities in Korea

Cultural Content Contest, Show off Your Own Cultures

<Photo News> Spit it Out! Screaming Day in Library

Postechians are ready to throw away their stress about mideterm exam and homework with strong shouting at the library.

Reporter Choi Na-youn

Presidents Doh-Yeon Kim (POSTECH), Sung Nak in (SNU), Jeong Kap young (Yon-sei Univ.), and Jung Moo young (UNIST) began to cooperate with TU Dresden for international joint research. Those universi-ties exchanged declarations of intent for the establishment of iEGSEMP (international Excellence Graduate School on Emerging Materials and Process) Korea. Following the declaration of intent, they are going to re-search several fields like electronics, energy, medical technology, etc. which are applied to material science. Twenty scientists selected from the five participating universities will stay at the each other country for 6 months for reinforcing the cooperation.

The exchange of the declarations of intent

is the result of an international cooperative re-search vitalization that began with President Park Geun hye’s address at TU Dresden. This exchange was achieved at the Korea-Germa-ny Joint Conference, in which the president of POSTECH, UNIST and TU Dresden at-tended.

President Kim said that iEGSEMP Korea will provide a chance to establish an inter-national network between Korean research-ers and those of other countries. Researchers will have the opportunity to demonstrate their competence, and the cooperation between Korea and Germany will be strengthened.

Reporter Choi Jong-hyeokCjh05@

Research Manpower Grows in iEGSEMP

<Personnel Announcement>

◎ Gwak Jun-ho (ME 15)◎ Lee Il-bong (CHEM 15)◎ Jo Han-seong (ME 15)◎ Yun Seok-chan (CE 15)

Appointed as Reporter: Nov. 1

▲ The presidents and professors of each university are making agreement about K-MOOC

▲ The winners of the contest are laughing in front of camera

Prof. Yun Sung Choi (MATH) was chosen as the winner of the 2015 Academic Achieve-ment Award by the Korean Mathematical Society. Prof. Choi has

been working on properties of analytic func-

tions defined in infinite dimensional vector space and geometrical properties of Banach space. The award denotes his contribution and dedication to the development of science by making outstanding accomplishments in the field of mathematics. The award ceremo-ny was held on Oct. 24 at Yonsei University.

Reporter Yun Seok-chan

NEWSⅡ WED., Nov. 04, 2015 No. 87

Professor Kilwon Cho (CE) and Sae Byeok Jo (CE Ph. D. Candidate) developed a technology to in-crease the efficiency of organic solar cells by applying the fact that currents created when an organic solar cell receives light are sensitive to changes in their electric field. This research appeared on the cover of the latest issue of the journal Advanced Energy Materials, an authoritative journal in the field of material science, on Oct. 21.

This research is the first to provide an architectural model that is applicable to all newly developed organic semiconductors. Also, the research is expected to contribute to the development of efficient, low-cost, flexible organic solar cells.

Reporter Jo Han-seong

A team of Profes-sor Yoon-ho Kim (PHYS), Kang-Hee Hong (PHYS inte-grated Ph. D. Candi-date), and Hyang-Tag Lim (ETH Zurich Ph. D.) discovered a method to distribute quantum entanglement without loss by decoherence via qubit trans-duction, which was published in the journal Scientific Reports on Oct. 21. It is the first time to ever find a method to efficiently dis-tribute quantum entanglement without its decrease and evanishment, and the method made a breakthrough for existing quan-tum entanglement protection technology. The new method is expected to be used as a way to distribute quantum entanglement in long-range quantum communication for establishing a basis for the development of quantum information technology.

Reporter Jo Han-seong

Choi Yanghee, the chief of Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning vis-ited POSTECH on Oct. 12. With Presi-dent Doh-Yeon Kim, Minister Choi visited APGC-Lab located at Jigok Research Build-ing and Pohang Creative Economic Centre at C5 Hall to ascertain the site of University-Industry cooperation policy being executed in Pohang.

POSTECH APGC-Lab is the founding incubator associated by APGC, the alumnus companies from POSTECH. Its main aim is to encourage POSTECH students who are interested in founding businesses through various funding and thus invigorate geo-graphically delocalized Pohang companies. Then, Minister Choi visited Pohang Creative Economic Center.

Reporter Gwak Jun-ho

Established in 1982, the Ergonomics So-ciety of Korea is a national society that handles user interface, ergonomics, human sensibility ergonomics,

work safety, and so on. It opened a regular general meeting on Oct. 15, and elected Pro-fessor Sung Ho Han (IME) as its 18th presi-

dent. Prof. Han is an expert in areas such as mobile systems, PC user-friendliness, and driving environments, which are all indis-pensable for embodying a convenient living environment. As the next president, he plans to focus on the globalization of society and conduct research based on convergence and integration with other majors for the next 2 years of his incumbency.

Reporter Yun Seok-chan

Prof. Daijin Kim of the Intelligent Media Lab has developed a dance learning technol-ogy based on precise 3D body joints tracking, announcing to the IEEE International Confer-ence on Image Processing which conducted from Sep. 27 to 30. The paper was awarded as one of the ‘Best 10% ’.

Research team developed the 3D tracking technology through years of accumulated data on the relationships among the body joints. It can precisely track the joints within 4.5cm. The program can compare motions of learners with those of experts. Prof. Kim mentioned “The accuracy of each joint’s motion is ex-pressed as colors of the joint. The brighter the color is, the more accurate it is. It can give learners immediate correction of their motions by looking at the colors on the monitor.”

Reporter Lee Il-bong

New Organic Solar Cell Architecture for Increased Efficiency

Founding within University through APGC-Lab

Election of the 18th President of the Ergonomics Society of Korea

K-pop Dance Learning Technology – 3D Body Joint Tracking

Experimental Demonstration of High Fidelity Entanglement Distribution

< World News ><Sony Returns to Profit After Marathon Restructuring Effort> -The New York Times

A dramatic increase of 1.4 billion dollar profit compared to a loss of last year

<North Korea Is Accused of Abusing Workers> –The New York Times

An Indonesian lawyer revealed 50,000 North Koreans are toiling abroad

<China Calls on Japan to Stop 'Hampering' Military Flights> –The New York Times

Japan jets scrambled 117 times from July to September

<Google's Project Loon internet balloons to circle Earth> –BBC

A balloon sent up to 20km into the stratosphere that will beam an internet

connection down to the ground

<Apple: iPhone 6S and Plus sales' on pace to beat last year's 10 million> –CNN

Apple said pre-orders of iPhone 6S and iPhone 6S Plus have so far been "very

strong around the world” albeit they did not reveal specific figures

The 4th Generation Light Source Stimulating Innovation in Korea

The 4th generation light source XFEL (X-ray Free Electron Laser) at PAL (Pohang Ac-celerator Laboratory) is under construction until 2016, and PAL held a briefing session about that for POSTECH members on Oct. 23.

POSTECH has operated the 3rd gene-

ration light source since 1994 and it is the third in the world owning XFEL. The big-gest difference between 3rd generation and XFEL is the temporal resolution, which is a picosecond in the 3rd one and a femtosecond in the 4th one. Because of the fast temporal resolution, XFEL is 10 billion times brighter than 3rd one, which is 100 million times brighter than the sun, and its electron beam energy is stronger than the 3rd one. It gen-erates 10GeV in only 700m, using an elec-tromagnetic wave. With the extremely small pulse, XFEL is expected to make it possible to observe nano-materials and capture instant chemical reactions in one several billionths of a second, faster than a lightning flash.

Reporter Choi Na-youn

Pohang and POSTECH Share the Development

Twenty-three Postechians visited Pohang City Hall. This meeting was the lecture of POSTECH named “Local Fusion Visit; un-derstanding Pohang” led by professor Chun shik Kim (HSS). They met Lee Jae chun, deputy mayor of Pohang. The purpose of this meeting was to increase students’ under-standing about local administration and its

function and role. First, they watched a video and listened

to policy regarding ‘Creative city Pohang shared with citizen’. After that, participants discussed how POSTECH contributes to Po-hang, how the policy of Pohang affects stu-dents in Pohang, and general administration.

Reporter Choi Jong-hyeok

TEDxPOSTECH 2nd Event, Share their Ideas!

On Oct. 31, the second TEDxPOSTECH was held in the international conference room of the POSCO International Center. TED is a lecture series through which many renowned people from various fields share their opinions and knowledge. TED’s central motto is, ‘Ideas Worth Spreading’. Also, it became famous because lectures have been

open to everyone through the website since 1990. TEDx is an independent event hosted by a city or groups and it can be held with a license from TED.

Nowadays, many Korean universities such as SNU, KAIST and UNIST opened spon-taneous TEDx events. Many Postechians have expressed the desire to share their ideas through TED, and the 1st TEDxPOSTECH was held in 2011.

The following great lecturers were among those who came to spread their ideas: Pro-fessor Jin Taek Kim (CiTE), Seong Jin Park (ME), Seung Woo Lee (IBB) Seo yoon Choi (Editor of Monthlyingyeo), singer Jung Hyun Park and Prof. Jae Chan Hwang (Kyungpook National University DAAS).

Reporter Park Min-young

▲ The 23 students and the deputy mayor are fighting for Pohang

▲ Tour is proceeding with explanation of XFEL

The Winner of an Award by the Korean Mathematical Soceity

Before I go onto my review column, I would like to thank ‘The Postech Times’ and the reporter who gave me a chance to share my opinion with the public. I was quite intro-verted to share my ideas. Writing this review helped me solve this problem.

I think the first page was good enough to get readers’ attention. The main news must be classified as a bad news for POSTECH. Our university’s overall ranking had fallen, but by comparing it to other famous universities in-cluding KAIST, and showing that POSTECH is in a better position the article gave a posi-tive ending and kept the readers’ attention. Talking about the controversial shutdown policy also did a great job.

In my opinion, the best part of the news was the campus page. Articles on this page were very deeply related to students’ daily life. Especially the statistics about the internet quality and global learning program helped a lot. The internet article contained a lot of key information about POSTECH’s internet network structure and the university’s policy. In addition, by talking about the ongoing improvements, the article must have eased complains from students. I also liked the global learning program article. It answered questions many people may have about CiTE and other departments’ programs. However, I think the course evaluation article focused on the wrong theme. It compared the participa-tion rate and score differences of each depart-ments’. I think it would have been better if the article analyzed about the reason why the evaluation scores are getting higher and fo-cused on the relationships between students and professors.

In the feature page, I was very happy to

read the smartphone article and it was very informing. Unlike other articles that used most of the space to explain the statistics, it explained about the danger and symptoms of smartphone related syndromes. This way is much better to warn students about overusing their phones rather than only talking about the numbers. However, I think the article about fintech (financial technology) should have focused on the technology itself rather than comparing the available applications. Read-ers may have had a negative first impression looking at bold application names that could give an impression like an advertisement.

Looking at the newspaper, I could see the news and opinion pages are the only pages that were printed in black. The articles them-selves contents are already relatively less appealing to readers. But by printing the pages in black, it makes the content graphi-cally less interesting, too. Therefore, I think must be enforcements on these pages to draw and maintain readers’ interest. Talking about more familiar scholarly news and color print-ing may be examples.

ⅢOPINION No. 87 WED., Nov. 04, 2015

The Postech Times, Good Information Source

Kar Marx once said “History repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce” (Geschichte wiederholt sich – erst als Tragödie, dann als Farce). Marx suggest-ed French and Ancient Roman history as examples. In 1789, the French Revolu-tion demolished Bureuong’s Royal Fam-ily and established the First Republic, but it was delocalized with Napoleon’s coup, returning the whole state back to Le Premier Empire. Later on, follow-ing the downfall of Napoleon due to his failure in aggressive wars, the monarchy was retained in France, but this again changed into the Second Republic by the French Revolution in 1848. Then, in 1851, Louis Bonaparte, the cousin of Napoleon, rendered the collapse of the current republic and attained the Second Empire. Namely, Marx saw analogies between French History after 1789 and the race of republics and empires during the Roman period.

Meanwhile, repetition of history is not confined to European history. There is the viewpoint on Korean history that the international correlation of Northeast Asian counties since the 1990s reflects the strife for Korean between powers such as Russian and Japan, during the Korean Empire. Also, due to the eco-nomic problems in a Capitalist system, there is a classical analysis that the 2008 American Economic Crisis is the repeti-

tion of affairs such as the European eco-nomic crisis from the 1970s to 1990s, and the Great Depression of the 1920s. There are even some scholars claiming that Fascism, Nazism and dictatorship rendered by extreme economic depres-sion could again be brought about these days. This is referred from historical ex-perience that a population suffering from economic depression seeks charismatic dictators who can suggest exits from such depression, even if it costs their freedom.

Like this, we relentlessly question his-torical repetition as we consider political and economic phenomena and events oc-curring throughout the world, including Korea. Especially, we find ourselves at repetitive odds as we peruse historical documents or search the internet. How-ever, what people should focus on about what Carr said is improving the present by the seeing the past as a warning; he emphasized that history has a moral. The problems caused in the past are not just a set that we can take away, but part of a living organism that still affects the pres-ent. This is especially true if people do not fix the unfortunate history. The rea-son people repeat behaviors of the past is divided thinking and behavior. They cause people not to face the present, the past and the future in the same line of thought.

In March 2015, approaching the an-niversary of the 70th cessation of hos-tilities of the Second World War, German politician Angela Merkel made it clear that one can’t draw the line on history. This includes Germany. Germany has the endless responsibility for the behaviors of Nazis in past. It is different from what Shinzo Abe said at the speech on Ameri-ca. The behavior to accept the faults and the behavior to deny or evade the faults are reflected definitely. Recently, Japan has armed and adjusted the pacific con-stitution. This seems quite similar to the posturing of the Japan of 1930, which in-sisted the Greater East Asia Co-Prosper-ity Sphere and justified invasion to Asia as a militaristic nation. Although it is ob-viously sure that two nations see the un-fortunate history differently, they should consider the lamentation of George Ber-nard Shaw: “If history repeats itself, and the unexpected always happens, how incapable must Man be of learning from experience.”

Not only Germany’s and Japan’s prob-lems, but also Korea’s problems should also be considered. That is to say, a practical memory mindful of the unfor-tunate past is a responsibility and duty of all people. This is because repetition of memory is a more powerful weapon than history. Historical philosopher Friedrich Hegel emphasized, “The world history is

the process of spreading freedom from minor to major”. Does history repeat it-self? Today, the freedom we enjoy is not just presented, but is presented as a re-sult of repeated sacrifice, which inspires people to never defer freedom. The les-sons through the windows of history should prevent the repetition of mistakes or faults. Like an individual history, the same history is never repeated but, simi-lar history is repeated when people for-get the lessons from the past.

Column Historical Prism: Repetition of History and Practical Recollection

Professor Chun-Shik KimDivision of Humanities and Social Sciences

Review: The Postech Times 86th issue

Jaehyung Cho (ME 15)

Have you ever questioned why social no-tions and common behaviors have to be that way? Well, I have questioned them intermit-tently, and I was able to find an alluring study called “Evolutionary psychology, a theoreti-cal approach in the social and natural scienc-es” that investigates psychological structure from a modern evolutionary viewpoint. The study contradicts traditional theories that the human mind is a blank slate when people are born, and contends that a big part of our mentality is predetermined by natural selec-tion. The study sometimes becomes polemi-cal since it seems to vindicate some crimes against humanity, most notably sex delin-quencies. However, I think people should ac-cept that the science is phenomenology and the study itself does not derive any moral or ethical conclusion, so I write this article.

Many peculiarities related to family can be explained by evolutionary psychology. To begin with, why do mothers usually raise their children? Analogous phenomenon oc-curs in most entosomatic fertilization ani-mals. Experts’ explanation for this phenom-enon is that the lack of a marriage system in nature reduced the certainty of paternity, which means that males have a high chance to invest into other males’ offspring. More-over, to increase the probability for males to devote themselves to their own offspring, the anomaly that offspring more closely resem-ble their father than their mother when they are young is common in mammalian species.

Lots of properties of the relationships be-tween men and women can be construed by evolutionary psychology. First of all, men are usually more active in courtship displays than women. Also, women tend to have compli-

cated conditions for their spouse while men do not. The explanation for this phenomenon is that the loss of mating is much bigger for women. Whereas men only have the advan-tage of passing their genetic information to the next generation, women have the disad-vantage of being pregnant and the burden of parenting. Furthermore, throughout history, why is polygamy common while polyandry is nearly nonexistent? Does this mean that womanizing tendencies intrinsically inhere in men? Astonishingly, research results con-cluded “yes”. Termed the “Coolidge Effect”, males were born to be attracted to new recep-tive sexual partners.

However, there are still drawbacks of evo-lutionary psychology. The main drawback is that its heuristic research method engen-ders many of its explanations to remain as plausible hypotheses. Even though there are empirical evidence and statistics, many ex-planations lack irrefutable evidence due to the inability to perfectly recreate conditions being tested.

Nature’s Choice in Our Minds

Reporter Column

Reporter Jo Han-seong

CAMPUSⅣ WED., Nov. 04, 2015 No. 87

Firstly, regular checks, including fixing and cleaning of washing machine, are en-tirely up to the Dorm Union. Rental washing machines, which are located in dormitory number 16, 19, 21 and women’s dormitory number 1, are checked twice per month. The free washing machines in the other dormi-tories are not checked regularly. However, when free washing machines cause serious problems, POSTECH replaces them with rental washing machines as a policy. When a

dormitory is remodeled, POSTECH buys a new washing machine for every floor. Most problems the Dorm Union has checked were related to free washing machines: timer mal-function, not starting or stopping mid cycle, etc.

Secondly, maintenance of the printer in the 21st dormitory is the responsibility of the RA (residential assistant). The most common problem with the printer is the shortage of paper. To prevent that, the RA checks every

day, but prospecting how much paper will be used is difficult. Paper jams are another com-mon problem.

Finally, the main problem caused in the gymnasium is broken equipment in the weight room. Maintenance is dependent on the feedback of users who use the facilities. When a problem is reported, the administra-tor of the gymnasium repairs the apparatus. Moreover, gymnasium has own expendables for fixing the equipments . If necessary, the administration calls the technicians of the manufacturer.

Actually, POSTECH not only maintains the machines or apparatuses of the gymnasi-um, but also keeps the public goods pleasant. The team facilities management maintains and fixes public goods whenever students

report a problem. They try to solve reported problems within 48 hours. Like these ways, POSTECH tries to make environment the best and satisfy for Postechians.

Reporter Choi Jong-hyeokCjh05@

CAMPUS

Apparatus and Gymnasium Regular Check

< Board>The 6th Under/Post Graduate Essay Contest for Radioactive Waste Matters

Application Period: 2015.10.21 ~ 2015.12.06

Entry Qualification: Any Under/Post Graduate (individual or a team of two)

Entry Method: Through the official website (http://koradcontest.com/)

Host: Korea radioactive waste agency

How to Start a Start-up in POSTECH

Start-up is a dream or future for someone, while it remains vague to others. President Doh-Yeon Kim mentioned the importance of “start-up” in his inauguration speech, and Choi Yanghee, the Minister of Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, recently visited C5 and APGC-Lab building. It shows how university and the whole country focus on start-up in POSTECH. Information of the other universities was provided by interview in writings with relevant university start-up managers, and information about POSTECH is from the interview with APGC-Lab and Business Incubation Center (BIC).

GIST's center for it has existed since the 90s, but the major programs have been made since 2013. They established the courses for General Education related to entrepreneur-ship and start-ups, so that all members can experience it. They have two mock start-up programs. One focuses on specifying the start-up ideas, and the other one evaluates the marketability and technology of each start-up.

KAIST has one of the most well-ordered start-up supporting systems in Korea. Its his-tory starts from the 80s, and numerous well-known companies were born in KAIST. They hold various lectures from famous entrepre-neurs, and have well-organized mentorship programs, and various start-up competitions.

Hanyang University and SNU ranked 1st and 2nd place respectively on the number of venture founders, according to Joongang Daily on Oct. 22. These universities have dis-tinct start-up ecosystems produced by their alumni. It’s similar to APGC in POSTECH.

It encourages young students to approach start-ups easily and provides proper aids in the initial stage of start-ups.

The processes of start-up in POSTECH are conducted by the whole departments of Administration for Business Development, including APGC-Lab and BIC. The system was built in 2012, with the newly appointed head of BIC, Professor Sungjin Park (ME), who was a member of POSTECH’s 1st graduates class. APGC-Lab was established at that time and started its career last year. Their program, “Tech+ star” supports start-ups giving financial aids and advice, and “Tech+ innovation” provides Postechians an opportunity to experience the real com-pany works from APGC. BIC described the future POSTECH unique start-up ecosystem, and said “Failure is allowed, keep challenge against the failure, and seniors give conse-quent feedbacks to juniors. Virtuous cycle blooms in POSTECH.”

Visible results have already appeared. Each semester, 7 to 8 teams have benefited from the programs mentioned above. This is con-siderable growth considering that there were only one to three new start-up teams each year before the establishment of APGC-Lab. To quote APGC-Lab’s motto, “Engineering’s basic idea is to adapt proper technology to help people prosper human life.” Thus, en-gineering’s starting point is none other than start-ups. May the members of POSTECH use their valuable ideas to develop something that helps people prosper.

Reporter Lee Il-bongleeib@

On Oct. 15, a survey was mailed out to all undergraduates in POSTECH to investigate their monthly incomes and expenditures, as well as their culture of consumption. Ques-tions included how much they get and spend per month, what they think about how much they get and spend, the dominant factor for their expenditures, and how they deal with the situation when they spend beyond their monthly budget. A total of 141 Postechians ranging from freshmen to seniors participat-ed in the survey.

As expected, the main source of Postechi-ans’ income was their parents, with 65 (46%) answering they only get their money from parents. Forty-five students said they get their allowance from parents and still make some extra money through tutoring or part-time jobs. Eighteen students (12.8%) were economically independent, making their liv-ing by themselves.

According to the survey, the average al-lowance for students in POSTECH turned out to be about 570,000 KRW, with the ma-jority of students’ allowance ranging from 400,000~600,000 KRW. The figure is above average when it comes to comparison with average allowance for university students in Korea, which is around 400,000 KRW. For those 45 individuals who make extra money, there was a question asking why they would do so. Forty-nine percent of them said they happen to overspend often, 32.7% said they want to save it for future use, and 8.2% said they can hardly get by solely on the allow-ance from their parents. There was also a written answer mentioning the unwillingness to ask parents for more money as a grounds

for making money. Most students (75.7%) seemed to be sat-

isfied with how much they get or make per month. However, 16.2% answered they get too little and 8.1% answered they get more than they need. The average expenditures were calculated as 498,000 KRW, which implies that students use most of their allow-ance. Almost 60% of students said their ex-penditures are appropriate, 34.8% said they spend too much, and 6.4% said they spend too little.

The category that accounted for the big-gest proportions in students’ spending was food. Nearly 83% of the students said they spend most of their money for eating. For 6.5% of students, entertainment including playing games and drinking, took the largest proportion among their budget. The remain-ing 4.3% spent most of their money for dat-ing. Some written answers included buying meals for juniors and books.

There are certain periods that students need to spend more than usual, like in the beginning of the semester where students have to buy new books. The survey revealed that more than half of the students (54.3%) dealt with this kind of situation by taking away some money from their savings. About 38% told their parents about the situation and asked for more money. ‘Miscellaneous’ was selected by 8% of respondents, and written answers included not spending, reducing spending, borrowing from friends, and not eating.

Reporter Yun Seok-chanSeokchan0622@

Average Incomes and Expenditures of Postechians

Source:google.com

POSTECH dormitories have several apparatuses like washing machines, printers, etc. Those apparatuses are used as public goods, meaning that the regular maintenance of those goods affects the welfare of the students living in the dormitories.The Postech Times investigated how often regular checks are conducted including gymnasium which is frequently used by students.

<Editor's comment>

Topics1.PR Measures for the receptivity of the management business of used nuclear fuel.2.What is required by industrial complexes for the management business of radioactive wastes?Awards: First place: Prime Minister Award(2,000,000KRW)

Runner up: Chef Director Award(1,000,000KRW)

Merit: Founding President Award(500,000KRW)

ⅤFEATURE & CULTURE No. 87 WED., Nov. 04, 2015

Computer-generated imagery (CG) is a technique using computer graphics to create images in various fields. One of its main uses is in the film industry. Computer graphics have improved along with the de-velopment of computers. The technique is so powerful and widely used that modern movies cannot be created without it. Even for the movies that do not seem to use com-puter graphics, there is a process called color compensation. Combined with tradi-tional visual effects, filmmakers are able to create virtually any imagination.

CG is widely used in animated movies. Unlike other films, every frame should be produced and it requires excessive work. To save labor and improve quality, CG is used. The fact that Disney halted produc-ing tradition hand-drawn animated films explains how difficult and cost-inefficient hand drawn animation is. Other than three dimensional animated films, animation that seems to be similar to traditional animation actually uses computer graphics. Digital ink and paints are used instead of tradi-tional ones. This creates more dynamic and splendid scenes whereas traditional anima-tions usually had a static background.

CG is used in adding imaginary objects that are difficult to take a video of them. As an example, extraterrestrial creatures and extinct animals do not exist on earth, so filmmakers create images of them using 3D animation software. To make them ap-pear more realistic, a technique called mo-tion capture is used. This process was used to create Avatar. In filmmaking, it is used to record a human actor’s specific move-ment for computer animation. Moreover, if

a video of a huge crowd need to be taken such as a medieval war scene, filmmakers use computer graphics to increase the num-ber of people.

The technique is good for adding ob-jects, but it is also good for removing ob-jects. Sometimes, removal of an undetach-able part or object is needed. For example, if an actor with a normal body has to act as a disabled person with no arm, the tech-nique is used to remove the arm from the image. Also, it is used to take videos of cit-ies in the past by removing new buildings.

In action movies, computer generated imagery is used to produce stunt scenes. Not all scenes could be performed by ac-tors, so filmmakers hire stuntmen and stuntwomen to do those scenes. Even if the doubles are similar to the real actor, they could not be identical. In the process of copying the real actor’s face and pasting it on the double’s face, computer graphics are used.

Still, there are two aspects in which the technique should be improved. The two are the ability to create what seems to be reality and cost. Even though the technol-ogy is near the level that the difference is not discernible, developers are continually endeavoring to make them identical. Also, the cost of computer graphics is still very high, but it is expected to be reduced by advancements in technology.

Reporter Jo Han-seongdomisol24@

Showing Web-toons through Movies

How Computer-Generated Imagery is Used in Movies

‘Web-toon’ is a mixed word of Web (In-ternet) and Cartoon. In many portals like NAVER and DAUM, there are numerous web-toons that draw many readers’ attention. These days, many web-toons are being used to make scenarios of drama and movie. Mov-ies from web-toons have become especially popular. In 2006, webtoonist Kang Pool’s ‘Apartment’ was made to movie version for the first time and many web-toons were used to make movie. However, many movies from web-toons failed at the box office for several years. Nevertheless since 2010, converting web-toons into movies has become popular. The popularity was sparked by Moss, the box office hit of the DAUM web-toon of webtoonist Yoon Tae Ho. So, what are the strengths and weaknesses for conversion of web-toon to movie?

Web-toon is a very unique form of me-dia. All web-toons are posted on the Internet and many readers can actively participate in evaluating them. They can write comments and give grades about each script of web-toons and tend to change their taste about

web-toon’s genre. So, webtoonists are very sensitive to their evaluations and sometimes change their genres adjusting to new trends. Therefore, web-toons’ genres became vari-ous and stories that can be converted to mov-ies did also. Usually, movies from web-toons can have many attentions at first because sce-narios are chosen from the web-toons with popularity. Also, these movies offer perfect stories because the amount of stories is set-tled and well-organized. People who watch the movie from web-toon can be interested in the story because they can remember their emotions the original web-toon stirred within them.

However, some limits occur because of the characteristics of web-toons. These mostly become limits in other media converted to movies such as novels. Due to difference in media, dramatization is essential in the film production. People can be disappointed at the story because that process can make the story worse than web-toon’s. Although there is dra-matization, broad context is not changed, so many people can expect the story. However,

the same story can make people bored and people avoid watching that movie because they can expect everything and there are no interesting twists in the movies. People can watch most web-toons for free but they have to pay to see the movie version. Also, it is sometimes hard to reproduce the emotion felt in web-toons because web-toon follows scrolling way when readers read the story but movie’s story disappears in one second.

Movies have various genres and stories with this converting process. However, web-toons and movies are different media and just

converting web-toon for same stories and composition can lead to failure at the box of-fice. Therefore, it is necessary to apply proper dramatization in accordance with their char-acteristics.

*This article referred to the paper "The Research of Storytelling for Converting Webtoon Into Movie" by Chang-Wan Han and Nan-Ji Hong (Sejong University Cartoon Animation).

Reporter Park Min-youngpmy4367@

Source:google.com

Do these rather child-like words sound fa-miliar: Spiderman, Batman, Iron Man, Thor and so on? With no doubt, hero movies are this generation’s rising stars in the world of media. Why are people so into hero movies? What is so special about them? The most prominent characteristic of hero movies is that they can contain multiple genres such as action, romance and comedy, satisfying au-dience of various age groups. Furthermore, hero movies of these days are also adding philosophical issues such as hypocritical as-pects of justice and self-realization.

At this point, it is reasonable to ask who’s behind this massive hero movie industry, and the most definite answer to this is, Mar-vel and DC Comics. Interestingly, Marvel and DC Comics are both prominent com-ics companies, but they differ in many ar-eas such as characters, story lines, and even their ways of commercializing movies.

Firstly, Marvel and DC Comics differ in their ways of commercialization. While DC Comics and Marvel both have long histories in their comic world, DC Comics consider each hero/heroines to live in different times. Therefore, the heroes from different series cannot interact with each other, such as Bat-man and Flash. Due to this, DC Comics mostly produces series, and there is no re-lation between different series. In contrast, Marvel tends to construct a long period of commercialization. During this period, they not only commercialize series of individual heroes, but also the series where heroes from different worlds meet and interact. A good example of this is the movie, ‘Aveng-ers’. In this movie, the major heroes from different series such as Iron Man and Hulk

gather together and interact with each oth-er. However, this is no longer a difference, because DC Comics has recently realized Marvel’s commercial power of bringing heroes together, and is planning to produce ‘Justice League’ and ‘Suicide Squad’, where DC heroes from different series finally meet each other.

Secondly, DC Comics movies tend to deal more deeply with philosophical issues, compared to Marvel. In Marvel, if the gov-ernment does something wrong, the respon-sibility goes to an individual, making that person as the villain. Therefore, generally the government is rather a victim of injus-tice, just like ordinary citizens who need heroes’ help. In contrast, in DC Comics, the government’s faults are usually blamed on the entire government. The infrastructure is criticized. For this reason, governments in DC Comics are symbols of injustice, groups of villains. However, ironically, the confrontations between oppressive govern-ments and heroes rather reveal the egotism of heroes, questioning the unnecessary posi-tion of heroes in society.

Even though Marvel and DC Comics are antagonistic to each other, there is no doubt that thanks to their competition, the popu-larity and hero genre movies flourished all over the world. There are many number of upcoming DC Comics hero movies in late 2015 and 2016. As 2014 was the year for Marvel, we should be thrilled to see how DC Comics strikes back.

Reporter Gwak Jun-hodjgwak@

Two Prominent Mountains: Marvel and DC Comics

FEATURE

Source: google.comSource: google.com