Cultural Considerations In Hiring - carterbaldwin.com · those at Enron were not so much the fault...
Transcript of Cultural Considerations In Hiring - carterbaldwin.com · those at Enron were not so much the fault...
Cultural Considerations In Hiring
Inside you will learn:
● Why Corporate Culture Matters
● 2ProblemswithDefiningCorporateCulture
● 5WaystoAssessCulturalFitinHiring
● HowImportantCulturalFitistotheBottomLine
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I. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
A. Definingcorporateculture. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
B. Whycorporateculturematters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1. Psychologicalandeconomicwellbeing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2. Costlycorporatemisfits...............................4
II. Problemswithdefiningcorporateculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
A. Goalsversusvalues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
B. Understandingwhatisunspoken. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
III.Interviewingforculturalfit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
TheFiveP’s:AClientAssessmentforMatchingCulture© . . . . . . . . .6
1.Power. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
2.Push . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
3.Pace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
4.Play . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5.Principles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
IV.Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
FindOutMore. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Bibliography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
AuthorBios . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table of Contents
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I. Introduction
Theconceptofcorporateculturegarnerssignificantmediabuzztodayandnotallofitisgood.Inthenewswelearnthatimportantmergersbetweengoliath multinationals never finally actualize, not because of failure tocometofinancialagreement,butbecauseofa “misfit”ofcorporatecul-tures.WearetoldthattherealcauseofnotoriousfinancialscandalslikethoseatEnronwerenotsomuchthefaultofindividualsinvolved,butofthatnebulousculprit,the“culture.”
Atthesametime,businesspublishingisexplodingwithvolumesofferingtohelpus“buildacorporateculture,1“tweak”ourcorporateculture,2 or tailorour corporate culture specifically for “mentoring”or “teambuild-ing”.Websites,conferencesandseminarsaboundwithadviceforchang-ingcorporateculture,creatinganinspiringcorporateculture,anddevel-opinganintuitivecorporateculture.
Whatreallyiscorporateculture,anyway?Andhowhasitcometooccupysomuchimportancebothinthemediaandinthedecision-makingprocessofbusinesseslargeandsmall?
A. Definingcorporateculture
Perhapsthesimplestdefinitionofcorporatecultureistheoft-cited:“it’sthewaywedobusiness.”Butallcompaniesdobusiness.Andcorporatecultureisactuallymuchmorecomplexandamorphousthanthat.Intruthcorporate culture is anamalgam—ablendof thevalues,beliefs, taboos,symbols, rituals andmyths all companiesdevelopover time.From thisamalgameverycompanydevelopsitsownsetofrulesandregulations,itsownstyle,itsdistinctive“personality.”
Contrast the edgy, Frisbee-flying start-ups of the 90s against tradition-albutton-downcultures like IBMorUPS.Compare the8-pageHumanResources Leave andAbsence policies ofmany of today’s corporate gi-antswithMotleyfool’ssuccinct“doanamazingjobandtakethetimeyouneed”3version.Youbegintoseehowdistinct—andhowdivergent—corpo-rateculturescanbe.
Whereanyindividualfitscomfortablyonthiscorporateculturespectrumwill determine not only howmuch time it will take to adapt, but howquicklyheorshecanexpecttosucceedandtoleadotherstosuccess.
Corporate culture
is an amalgam—a
blend of the values,
beliefs, taboos, sym-
bols, rituals and
myths all companies
develop over time.
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B. Whycorporateculturematters
Clearly,corporatecultureisimportant.Itdefinesthedrivingforces,valuesandtempooftheorganization.Moreover, itdeeplyaffectstheeffective-nessofindividualsbasedontheirpersonalityandworkstyle.Toillustrate:shortlyaftersteppingdownaschiefexecutiveofficerofIBMCorp.in2002,LouisV.GerstneraddressedMBAstudentsatHarvardBusinessSchool.“ThethingIhavelearnedatIBM,”hesaid,“isthatcultureiseverything.”4
1. Psychologicalandeconomicwellbeing
Studieshaveshownthatcultureaffectsemployeesinvariousways,fromtheirethicstotheirwillingnesstocallinsick.Poorculturalfitcanbethecauseofpoormoraleandnegativeattitudesthatpermeatethroughoutanentireorganization.Discontentcanleadtopoorworkproductandslowedproductivityandcaninfluencerecruiting,employeeturnover,andpublicperceptionofthecompany’swellbeing.
Evenoncethesituationhasbeenidentifiedandcorrected—andthemis-matchedemployeeeliminatedfromthecorporateequation—theremaybefar-reachingnegativeconsequencestotheorganizationwhichtaketime,patience,andoftencostlymanagementinterventiontoreverse.
2. Costlycorporatemisfits
Damagefrommismatchedleadership ishardtoquantify.Afterthatkeyexecutivehasmovedon—oftenwithbadfeelingsonbothsidesoftherela-tionship—theleadershipvacuummustbefilledagain.RecruitingexpertslikeBradfordSmartfindthatmishiresarefrequently“misfits”forcorpo-rateculture.Sincestatisticallyastaggering50%ofallemploymentsitu-ationsresultinamishire,6theimplicationsofculturalmismatchstarttoshowthemselvesinhardnumbers.
●The U.S. Department of Labor estimates the cost of mishiring a$100,000peryearmanagerat$300,000.7
●Otherestimatesrunthegamutfromaconservative10timestheex-ecutive’sbasesalary8toanastounding24timesthatsalary.9
Obviouslythoseorganizationschoosingtoignoreculturalconsiderationsintheirhiringandrecruitingapproacheswilldosoatsomefinancialperil.
According to 49% of
CEOs, the ability to
maintain a common
corporate culture
and understand local
customs and ways of
doing business are
the two factors on
which global busi-
ness depends.5
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II. Problemswithdefiningcorporateculture
AsKeithSwensonofWilliamMercerhasnoted,“Ifyoucandefinethecul-tureinsomeways,thenyoucanhireforit.”10Butunfortunatelythatisn’talwayseasy.Problemsoftenarise inhiringbecausecompaniesarecon-fusedabout their corporate cultureorbecause theyarenot consciouslyawareofit.
A. Goals versus values
According toMorrisR. Shechtman, author ofWorking Without a Net: How to Survive & Thrive in Today’s High Risk Business World,“99outof100companiesconfusetheirgoalswiththeirvalues.”Heexplainsthat“goalsarewhereyou’regoing;valuesarehowyou’regoingtoget there.Valuesareabsolutelycritical,butmostcompaniesdon’tknowwhatthosevaluesare.They’reintentonwherethey’regoing,notonhowthey’regoingtogetthere.”
Organizationsthatfailtoidentifytheircorevaluestendtomakethesamehiringmistakesoverandoveragain.“Ifyoudon’tknowwhatyourcultureis,you’llkeepreplicatingthesameproblemsineveryhire,”saysShecht-man.“WeseethatepidemicallythroughoutcorporateAmerica.”11
B. Understandingwhatisunspoken
Inotherinstancesthecorporateculturemaymanifestitselfveryclearly,butbecauseitsculturalattributeshaven’tbeen“spelledout” inpolicies,advertising,orothercompanycommunications,evenlong-termemploy-eesandmanagingexecutivesmaynotbehighlyconsciousofit.Therearemultiple examples of unspoken elements of company culture, themostobviousbeingindresscodes.Forinstance,likethebusinesssuitandtieismodeledbutnotcodified.
Butothercluestocorporatecultureappearifyouknowwheretolookforthem.A complex organizational chartmay reveal a company operatingwithinarigidhierarchyasopposed toa looselystructuredorganizationwhereexecutivesmayevenfunctionwithouttitles.Otherindicationscanbefoundinthetypeofsponsorshipsorphilanthropicactivitiesacompanyparticipatesin,itsphysicallayout—evenartworkdisplaysanddécor.
Executivesearchprofessionalscanhelpcompaniesarticulatetheirculturesothatitisreflectedinthepositiondescription,thesearch,theinterview-ingprocessandinhiringnegotiations.
Experienced
Executive Search
professionals can
help companies
articulate their
culture so that it
is reflected in the
position descrip-
tion, the search, the
interviewing pro-
cess, and in hiring
negotiations.
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III.Interviewingforculturalfit
Conductinganexecutiveinterviewisahighlycomplextaskinandofitself.Butextractingfromthatinterviewtheelementsofanindividual’sperson-ality,behaviorsandvaluesystemthatmakeforgood“chemistry”or“fit”withthehiringcompany’sculturecanbeextraordinarilydifficult—unlesstheinterviewerhasboththeexperienceandaprocessfordoingso.
Towardthatend,CarterBaldwinhasdevelopedaclientassessmentmech-anismthatworkstodefine,articulateandmatchculture.WehavefoundthatmostculturalnuancescanbedelineatedbywhatwecalltheCorpo-rate Cultural Considerations,orThe 5Ps.
TheFivePs:AClientAssessmentforMatchingCulture©
1. Power –Wemust determine if the power of the organization isprimarily concentratedat the top,withdecisionsmadebya smallgrouporsingleindividualandthenexecutedbyorganizationalsub-ordinates.Orifthepowerismoredelegated,oftenrequiringagen-eralconsensusbeforedecisionsarereachedandenactedupon.Onewayofdetermininganindividual’sfitforacultureistoaskhim/heraboutbigdecisionsthatweremadeatthepriorcompanywhiles/hewerethere,andthentoaskexactlyhowthosedecisionsweremade.Whatownership is s/hewilling to take forbaddecisionsandhowmuchblameisplacedon“those”whomadethedecisions.
2. Push–Withthesequestionswedeterminehowmuch“pushback”anorganization tolerates andhowmuch it expects.While few cli-entssetouttohire“yesmen”,therearesignificantdifferencesinhowlonganorganizationwillallowanexecutiveleadertostandhis/hergroundbefores/heisexpectedtoconcedeandcomply.Someorgani-zationsexpectsignificantpushbackandhaveaculturewheretheex-ecutivewhocannotforcefullydefendhis/herpointwillnotbeeffec-tive.Ultimately,itisimportanttomeasurethetrueaggressivenessoftheorganizationasitalignswiththeaggressivenessofaprospectivecandidate.
3. Pace–Oneofthemosttellingattributesofcultureispace.Notonlydowe consider howquickly an organizationmakes decisions, butjustasimportantlyhowquicklydothemostrespectedleadersspeak,move,walk,etc.Thisalsospeakstoworkethicandwhatisconsid-ered“ahardworkingindividual”withintheorganizationi.e.work-ingonweekends,early/latehours,onlytravelingduringnon-prime
The 5 Ps: A Client
Assessment for
Matching Culture©
1. Power
2. Push
3. Pace
4. Play
5. Principles
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businesshoursandwhatisthegenerallyacceptedwork-lifebalanceinthatcompany.Amismatchinthisarea,evenforacandidatewhomeetseveryotherqualification,willalmostalwaysproduceculturalrejection.
4. Play–While itmayseeminsignificant, thewaythatanorganiza-tionplaystogetherisadefiningcomponentofitsculture.Aresocialactivitiesaprominentpartoftheworklife?Doexecutivesfrequentlygotolunchtogether,orplaygolfwitheachother?Istherealotofcamaraderie,orarepeopleexpectedtobuckledownworkandsocial-izeontheirown?Anotheraspectofplaytakesintoconsiderationtheactual activities found in a culture.Companies can run the gamutfromearlymorningbiblestudiestohappyhours,andfindingacan-didatewhoalignswithplayisacriticalsteptofindingacandidatewhoalignswithwork.
5.Principles–Fewofushavemetsomeonewhowouldadmittobeingunethical.Weareallethical.Wejustdefineethicsinamannerthatqualifiesusandjustifiesourvaluesystem.Forpurposesofdetermin-ingculturalfit,wedefine“principles”asthewillingnesstocompro-miseone’sownvalues(corporateorpersonal)inordertoachieveahighlyvaluedgoal.Inotherwords,atwhatpointwouldyouviolateyourownstandardsinordertoaccomplishsomethingveryimpor-tant?EvenwiththeexpertiseofacompetentIndustrialPsychologist,thiscanbeatoughqualitytomeasure.
Inmeasuringprinciples,onehelpfulconsiderationistonarrowtheband-width.Witheachoftheotherculturalqualifiers(power,push,pace,andplay)mostorganizationsandmostindividualscanplacethemselvessome-where along a very broad continuum.For instance, someonemay scorethemselvesa“2outof10”ontheplaycontinuum;nobodywouldeverscorethemselvesa2ontheprincipleschart.Wethereforeaskclientcompaniesand candidates to rate themselves somewhere between a 9 (rarely willcompromisetheirvaluesforthegreatergood)anda10(absolutelyNEVERcompromisetheirvalues).Insodoingitbecomesnominallyeasiertoiden-tifycandidateswhowillstruggleinanethicallyambiguousenvironment.
. . . the number one determinant of ethical conduct is the corporate culture. The more ethical the company's culture, the more integrity employees will dis-play. Likewise, the more lax a company, the more prone employ-ees are to break the rules.11 Ethics Resource Center,
2005 National Business
Ethics Survey
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IV. Conclusion
TheabilitytoassesscandidateswhowillflourishinaparticularcorporatecultureisahallmarkskilloftheretainedExecutiveSearchindustry.Be-causeretainedExecutiveSearchisclientcentered,theabilitytocompre-hendandexplicatetheclient’scorporatecultureiscriticaltotheongoingrelationship.Thebestfirmsexcelat:
●Takingthetimetounderstandthecorporatecultureandhelpingtheclient,whennecessary,toarticulateit.
●Craftingapositiondescriptionthatreflectsthatculturewhileassur-ingbothlegalcomplianceandopportunitiesfortherightcandidate.
●Employingexpertinterviewskillsandprovenmethodologyforget-tingbehindtheresume’sbulletpointstobehaviorandvalues.
●Ensuringthatculturechoicesaren’tbasedonethnic,racialorgenderissues.
Theidealconclusiontoasuccessfulsearchisaclientandacandidatewhounderstandeachother,appreciateeachother’svaluesandbeliefs,andareeagertoworktowardsharedgoals.Theskills,patienceandtimedirectedatuncoveringthe“fit”factorsforcorporateculturearewellworththeef-fortandinvestment.
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1 LarryJohnsonandBobPhillips,Absolute Honesty: Building a Corporate Culture That Values Straight Talk and Rewards Integrity (NewYork:AMACOM,2003).
2 S.Hanna,“TweakingtheCorporateCulture:ASituationInterventionforLeanKaizen,”(TraffordPublishing.On-demandPublishing,2003).
3 http://www.fool.com/jobs/workplace/workplace01.htm
4BusinessPundit,February,2005.Available:http://www.businesspundit.com/hiring-for-leadership-vs-hiring-for-a-cultural-fit/
5Careermag.com,March2007.Available:http://www.careermag.com/articles/i/ad513/blogs/employers-general/accenture-ceo-survey-key-is-to-maintain-common-corporate-culture.htm
6BradfordSmart,Topgrading: How Leading Companies Win by Hiring, Coaching and Keeping the Best People(NewYork:PenguinGroup,2005).Pp50-51
7TheCostsofMishiring[online].(StatisticfromU.S.DepartmentofLabor)Available:http://www.selection.com/statistics.
8KarenBenjackGlatzer,“HiringisJusttheBeginning:HowtoInsurethe“Right”HiregetsoffontheRightFoot.”Availableathttp://www.carterbaldwin.com/e-news/CB-200710.html.
9BradfordSmart,Topgrading:HowLeadingCompaniesWinbyHiring,CoachingandKeepingtheBestPeople(NewYork:PenguinGroup,2005).
10KeithSwenson,Availableathttp://www.allbusiness.com/human-resources/employee-development/300217-1.html
11MorrisR.Shechtman.Working Without a Net: How to Survive & Thrive in Today’s High Risk Business World(AmericanLibraryAssociation,1995).
Bibliography
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Author Bios
DaveClappisManagingPartnerforCarterBaldwin.Inadditiontohisexecutiveleadershipforthefirm,DaveleadsCarterBaldwin’sB2Btechnology&business/professionalservicespracticeareas.Inaddition,DavealsofocusesonselectB2Cexecutiverecruitmentassignmentsforbrandandconsumerdrivenbusinesses.
Before joiningCarterBaldwin,DavewasSVP&GM forThomsonReutersCor-porationwithP&Lresponsibilityfortheglobalindirecttaxsoftwareandservicebusiness portfolio. His organization delivered tax & accounting software andmanagedservicessolutionstoFortune1000andmid-marketcustomersandpro-cessedover1MMtaxreturnsand$20Bintaxremittancesannuallyto10,000+state&localjurisdictions.
PriortohisyearsasabusinessGM,DavewasVPofBusinessDevelopmentforThomsonwhereheledstrategyandacquisitionsforthecompany’scorporatetax&accountingdivision.Inadditiontohisstrategyresponsibilities,Davewasper-sonally responsible for spearheadingandnegotiating anumberof key acquisi-tionsforthecompany.DavewasalsoamemberoftheExecutiveCommitteeofThomsonReuters’$1Btax&accountingbusiness,playinganactiveroleinglobalexpansion,productandhumancapitalstrategiesforthecompany.
PriortoThomsonReuters,DavewasafounderandseniorexecutiveofTaxPart-ners, responsible for sales andmarketing. Under his leadership, the companygrewrapidlyfromaVCfundedstartupintothenation’slargestindirecttaxout-sourcingbusinessandwassuccessfullysoldtoThomsonin2005.Earlier,Daveheldsenior leadershippositions inmarketingandbrandmanagementwiththeCoca-Cola Company and Cadbury Schweppes. Dave started his career in saleswiththeXeroxCorporation.
DavehasaMastersinManagementfromtheKelloggbusinessschoolatNorth-westernUniversityandaBAinPoliticalSciencefromLawrenceUniversity.HeandhiswifeMaryAnneliveinMarietta,GAandhavefourchildren.Besideshisfamily,Davelovesrunning,cookingandprettymuchanythingthatallowshimtobe“activeandoutdoors.”
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Author Bios
DavidM.SobocinskiisaFoundingPartnerofCarterBaldwinandhasbeenwiththefirmsinceitsinception.HispracticeisacrossFortunecompaniesandMiddleMarketPrivate andPrivateEquity backed entities primarily inCommercial andConsumerServicesaswellasManufacturingarenas.Dave’sportfolioofsearchesincludescorporateanddivisionalpresidentsandtheirdirectstaffs,primarilyinthedomesticmarket.
BeforefoundingCarterBaldwin,Daveledaregionalsearchfirmtonationalpromi-nence,expanding it throughout theMid-AtlanticandNewEnglandmarkets, re-sultingintwoconsecutivelistingsontheInc.500.Priortoexecutivesearch,Davewasintheconsumerproductsindustry,wherehehadresponsibilitiesforbusinessdevelopment and sales across the Southeast.He earnedhisBachelor of SciencedegreefromJamesMadisonUniversity.
PriceHarding’sclientsrangefromindustrialandtechnologycompaniestonon-profit organizations and vary in size from entrepreneurial and venture-backedstart-upstomulti-billiondollarcorporations.Hehasbeenprincipleconsultantonmorethan200successfullycompletedrecruitingengagementswhilebuildingtwosuccessfulcompanies inhistwenty-plusyearsofexecutivesearch.Withastrongspecializationinseniormanagementselectionandteamalignment,Price’srecruit-mentconsultingfocusincludessearchesforC-Levelleadership,officers,anddirec-torsforbothprivatelyheldandpubliclytradedcompanies,andnon-profits.
InadditiontohisresponsibilitiesatCarterBaldwin,PricecurrentlyservesasChair-manofUnitedTechnologyGroup,andontheboardsofHighTechMinistries,TheTechnologyAssociationofGeorgiaandTheTrinityForum.Hisarticleshaveap-pearedinvariouspublicationsandhehasbeenquotedinINCMagazine,TheWallStreetJournal,TheAtlantaBusinessChronicleandnumerousindustryandtrademagazines.
Priortoenteringtherecruitmentindustry,PriceservedasDirectorofManufactur-ingOperations forAstechnologies,anAtlantabasedcompanythatproducedhy-draulicpresses thatwereused in themanufactureofautomotiveheadliners.HereceivedhisBachelorsDegreeinTheologyfromBaptistUniversityofAmerica,andconductedMasterslevelstudiesinPastoralCounselingatTempleBaptistSeminaryinChattanooga.
Priceandhiswife,Nancy,havetwomarrieddaughtersandliveinAtlanta,wheretheywalktoBuckheadChurchmostSundays.
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Author Bios
JenniferPooleSobocinskiisaFoundingPartnerofCarterBaldwin.Jenniferhasachievedregionalandnationalrecognitionforherskillandexpertiseinexecuting“C”levelofficer,andboardofdirectorlevelsearchesforpublicandprivateclients.Herclientsrangefromstart-upstoFortune500companiesinthemanufacturing,industrial,andtechnologysectors.
Underherleadership,CarterBaldwinhasachievedmorethan400%revenuegrowthsinceitsfoundingin2001,beennamedtwicetotheprestigiousInc.500listoffast-estgrowingprivatelyheldcompanies,beennamedamongAtlanta’sTop10RetainedSearch Firms, and has expanded the organization’s presence throughout NorthAmerica.Therecipientofnumerousawardsandrecognitioninthesearchindustryasaconsistenttopproducer,JenniferwasrecognizedbyCatalystMagazineasbeingamongAtlanta’sTop50Entrepreneurs.
PriortofoundingCarterBaldwin,JenniferwastheleadingsearchconsultantforoneofAtlanta’stopsearchfirms.ShebeganherprofessionalcareerasaFinancialAdvi-sorintheFinancialServicesSector.
Jennifer ison theBoardofWomen inTechnology,aprofessionalorganization inAtlanta.SheisalsoanactivememberofTAG(TechnologyAssociationofGeorgia).
JenniferisagraduateofAuburnUniversitywithadegreeinInternationalBusinessandFinance.
Bill Petersonco-leadsCarterBaldwin’snonprofitandacademicpractice,recruit-ingseniorleadersforstateuniversitysystems,privateeducationinstitutions,non-profitentities,healthcareorganizationsandrelatedcompanies.Withoverfifteenyearsofexecutivesearchexperience,Billhassuccessfullyledhundredsofsearchesforchiefexecutiveofficers,presidents,provosts,vicepresidentsanddeansforpri-vateandpublicinstitutions,aswellasseniorlevelexecutivesforcorporateclients.
BeforejoiningCarterBaldwin,BillspentsixyearsintheAtlantaofficeofanationalsearchfirmasapartner,leadingthefirm’shealthcareandhighereducationprac-tice.Bill’searliersearchexperiencefocusedinthehealthcaresectorwhereBillre-cruitedandledclinicalandphysiciansearchesforNorthAmericanhealthsystemsandacademicmedicalcenters.
BillgraduatedfromLibertyUniversitywithabachelor’sdegreeinpoliticalscience.Heandhis familyhave frequentlyopened theirhome to fosterchildrenandareactivelyinvolvedwithFosteringTogetheratNorthPointCommunityChurch.BillservesontheadvisoryboardoftheAtlantaMission.HehasbeenmarriedtoAngelaformorethantwentyyearsandtheyhavethreechildren.