Cultivating Collaboration: lessons from cohousing studios
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Transcript of Cultivating Collaboration: lessons from cohousing studios
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Cultivating Collaboration:lessons from cohousing design studios
• Introduction• Setting the stage• Orchestrating Group Process• Communication Technology• Interactive Assessment• Conclusions & Next Steps
“Home & Community” collograph by Ruth Cohen
Nancy Yen-wen Cheng, University of Oregon
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Introduction
Rekindling community Designers lead problem-solversStudio Context & Description
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Rekindling community: a shared responsibility
• Bowling Alone by Robert Putnam: face-to-face rituals disappearing• Transient society: >40 million Americans move every year, ~10
million move between states
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Value of Design : Solving complex problems
• Integrated Practices: Collaborative process: Shared risk & rewards • Cultural Transformation needed for a change in thinking and processes
— The Toyota Way by Jeffrey K. Liker
Image courtesy of Green Building Services
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Virtual Design Studios
• How can virtual communities enrich and extend relationships?
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Virtual Design Studios
• Sharing design approaches, technical solutions and cultural contexts.
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Ecological Agenda
• Story & Icon
Melting globe from Chattahbox.com
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Ecological Agenda
Melting globe from Chattahbox.com
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Studio Background
from Scandinavian model of cooperative living
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
What is Cohousing?
1. Participatory process2. Intentional
neighborhood design3. Extensive common
facilities4. Complete resident
management5. Non-hierarchical
structure6. Separate incomes
-- McCamant & Durrett
Cohousing.org
individual units common space
common house activities
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Where are Cohousing Communities?
2008 survey by Betsy Morris, Ph.D., Coho/U.S.
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Chronology
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Design Phases
Four major deadlines 1 Research Case Study
2 Research Case Study
3 Site Design / Sustainable scope4 Site Design / Sustainable scope 5 Building Design
6 Building Design
7 Building Design
8 Re-integration
9 Re-Integration
10 Presentation
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Case Studies focus on an aspect of community
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Case Study : danish cohousing organization
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Setting the stage
Connecting to a larger communityUsing local resources
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Learn from local communties: Maitreya Ecovillage, Eugene, OR
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Creative building experiments: Maitreya Ecovillage, Eugene, OR
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Lost Valley Educational Center
Dexter, Oregon
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Experiencing building experiments: Lost Valley, Dexter, OR
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Connecting to a Larger Community : Corvallis Coho Ecovillage
• Meeting clients, using architect’s program & site information
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Connecting to a Larger Community : Corvallis Coho Ecovillage
Joy Rackley’s Corvallis Cohousing Spring 2005
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Oregon – Terminal Studio Community Design
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Connecting to a Larger Community : can later visit real project
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Orchestrating Group Process
Fostering TrustTeam sizeMultiple interaction modelsComplimenting, compensating for othersLeadership
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Fostering Trust
Interview a new classmate: background, talents, interests, activities• Discuss previous group experiences, identify positive factors
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Building trust: field trip, site documentation & analysis
• Meeting clients & walking the land creates motivations
• Shared activities reveal strengths and personality typesi.e. Cooking together
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Team size
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Multiple interaction models
-William Caudill, Architecture by Team
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
From competing to complementary roles
• i.e. divide by Time
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
From competing to complementary roles
• i.e. Divide by Task
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
From competing to complementary roles
• i.e. Divide by Territory
Image by Dave Brenneman
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Compensating for others
• Get expectations on the table early
Excellent
Good
Fair
Poor
Failing
- Frances Bronet, Georgeanne Cooper
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Leadership
• Different styles work for different groups- Tree Bresen, Treegroup.org
The Slackers vs….. the Righteous
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Communication Technology
Digital advantage for group workflowInteractive Assessment
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Workflow pipeline
siteanalysis
design presentation reflection
TIME
program
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
diagrams
sketching
Digital Advantage to workflow pipeline
concept &skill prep
on-site measuring
digital model
renderings
portfoliosheets
existingdrawings
boardlayout
TIME
on-site photography
on-site interviews library/web
research
cardboardmodel
energy
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
diagramsdigital model
renderings
portfoliosheets
boardlayout
energy
sketching
Digital advantage to workflow pipeline
concept &skill prep
on-site measuring
existingdrawings
TIME
on-site photography
on-site interviews library/web
research
cardboardmodel
WIKI
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Wiki Example
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Digital graphics present a united front
By Ady Leverette, Peter Siu-kau Lo & Sienna Hill
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Site Plan & Diagrams
By Ady Leverette, Peter Siu-kau Lo & Sienna Hill
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Common House Development
• By Ady Leverette, Peter Siu-kau Lo & Sienna Hill
By Ady Leverette
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Scope increased for intermediate students
By Dan Roll, Brent Stuntzner, Kaelee Pearson, Erik Bischoff and Erin Pearce
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Landscape integrationConnects to city with market & restaurant, nature & bikers at river park
edge
By Dan Roll, Brent Stuntzner, Kaelee Pearson, Erik Bischoff and Erin Pearce
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Each person takes a housing type
Tight, private, social
By Kaelee Pearson
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Connecting to a larger community : Exhibit
Poster design by Tuan Vu
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Iterations Develop a Common Aesthetic
By Adam Franch, Trang Nguyen, & Tommy White
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Digital Presentation
By Adam Franch, Trang Nguyen, & Tommy White
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Challenging each other
By Adam Franch, Trang Nguyen, & Tommy White
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Digital-Physical mix
By Adam Franch, Trang Nguyen, & Tommy White
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Connecting to a larger community : Projects for Real People
Brendan Soens presenting
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Interactive Assessment
Set performance standardsInteractive Feedback
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Set performance standards
Topical Rubrics for• Site Design• Building Design• Sustainability
Overall Design Performance• Thinking• Process• Media
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Each Phase has summary and reflections
By Kayla Nelson
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
NAAB performance standards : Fall 2008 reflections
3 Graphic Skills 5 Formal Ordering Systems 7 Collaborative Skills12 Human Behavior15 Sustainability17 Site Conditions
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Online supplements face2face feedback
• Online Surveys help shy students express themselves
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Online Supplements face2face feedback
• Required Peer comments
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Conclusions & Next Steps
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Positive Aspects of Group Studios
+ ADVANTAGES - DISADVANTAGES
Builds teamwork skills Takes patience and time
Projects & presentations more comprehensive
Holds risk of conflict & frustration
Team gives more design feedback
Learning varies for each member
Talents recognized, skills shared
Fosters digital workflowAlternative media suits different learning styles
8 of 13 course evaluations said collaboration was a valuable challenge (16 in Fall ’07 class)
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Challenges of Group Studios & Coping Tactics
- DISADVANTAGES PRESCRIPTION
Takes patience and timeReduce structured time as large-group
Risk of conflict & frustration
Set expectations with readings, ground rules
Learning varies for each member
Require self-reflection about progress
6 of 13 students said production expectations were too high but 4 balanced that with comments like
“I worked hard but I feel I accomplished a lot!”
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Ingredient for top teams:
• Select membership• Foster rapport & risk-taking• Balance cooperation and competition
Intersection Repair at 22nd & Garfield, Eugene, OR
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
What makes it successful?
• Key Factors– Collaborator’s profiles– Shared goals, Valued
products– Scheduling logistics– Teamwork structure– Appropriate technology
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Teamwork strategy
• Consider participants’ profiles– Assign tasks according to
talents– Match complementary skills
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Teamwork strategy
• Tune the task to fit – Create goals suiting
motivations– Divide work by Time, Task or
Territory– Allow group opt-out & reform at
specific times
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Technology strategy
• Keep it simple : one website & password links to everywhere • Fit tools to targets, tasks & talents• Alternative methods for different learning styles• Backup channels for problems
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Workflow strategy:
• Challenge assumptions • Redesign the way we work & live
– Reconsider the goals, processes and assessment
– Structure teams to support goals
• Action, feedback & reflection: – Process, not product
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Next Steps
• Electronic Portfolios as Community Learning Environments: Facebook for education
• Wordpress MU / BuddyPress: Consolidating blog entries by tags
Image by Kathy Sucher, San Jose State University
Cultivating Collaboration : Nancy Yen-wen Cheng
Nancy Cheng’s contact info
http://www.uoregon.edu/~nywc [email protected] (541) 346-3674