Cubism(1907-1914)By: Andrea Mathew, Angela Wang,

Kayla Weber

A Bar at the Folies-Bergere, Edouard Manet (Impressionism)

Influenced by Previous Movements

Influenced by Previous Movements

The Joy of Life, Matisse (Fauvism)

Primitive Art

African Mask Iberian stone carving

Paul Cézanne

• “Treat nature in terms of the cylinder, the sphere and the cone.”

• Avoiding depth• Multiple viewpoints• Different planes• Reducing forms

Mont Sainte-Victorie (1902)

Historical Contexts

• “This strangeness was what we wanted to make people think about because we were quite aware that our world was becoming very strange and not exactly reassuring” –Picasso

• Influence of WWI• Duration, Fourth Dimension, occult,

alchemy, technological innovations

Characteristics

• Emphasize the two dimensionality of the canvas

• Untraditional perspective• Does not copy nature• Still Lifes• Type of realism• Overlapping planes

Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)

Les Demoiselles d’Avignon (1907)

Trois Baigneuses Paul Cézanne

Georges Braque (1882-1963)

Houses at

L’Estaque

1908

The Viaduct at L'Estaque Road near L'Estaque

(1908) (1908)

Mont Sainte-Victorie (1902)

Partnership

• Braque introduced to Picasso by Guillaume Apollinaire

• Braque saw Les Demoiselles d’Avignon• Collaboration between 1908 and 1914• Visited each other’s studios and talked

daily• Hard to tell some of their works apart

Man with Guitar (1911-1913)

Pablo Picasso Georges Braque

Kahnweiler

• Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler – German dealer and gallery owner

• Key part in allowing Picasso and Braque to focus on their art

Pablo PicassoPortrait of Monsieur Kahnweiler

(1910)

Analytical Cubism

• Varity in forms• Open angles• Center faded into background• Fragmentation• Various source of lighting• Few colors

The Mandolin

Georges Braque

1909

Portrait of Ambroise

Vollard

Pablo Picasso

1910

The Portuguese

Georges Braque

1911

Synthetic Cubism

• Incorporates everyday materials– Collage– Papiers collés

• Reincorporates color• Built image up from new elements• Simple

Still-life with Chair-caning (1912)Pablo Picasso

Fruit Dish and Glass

Georges Braque

1912

Harlequin

Pablo Picasso

1915

Breakup

• Braque went to serve in WWI in 1914• Braque suffered head injury and was

temporarily blind• Braque and Picasso never worked again

Juan Gris (1887-1927) Similarities to Founders

• Worked with Kahnweiler• Used basic techniques of Cubism• Subject was still life• Went through all the stages of Cubism

Differences from Founders

• Severe and Classical• More Theoretical • Light regains importance• Starting point of paintings were abstract

compositions• Color had a descriptive role

A Pot of Geraniums

1915

Salon Artists

• Exhibited their works in the Salon des Indépendants and the Salon d’ Automne

• Fernand Léger, Robert Delaunay, Henri Le Fauconnier, Jean Metzinger, and Albert Gleizes

• Du cubisme by Metzinger and Gleizes

Fernand Léger

The Stairway

1913

Henri Le Fauconnier

The Abundance

1910

Robert Delaunay

The Eiffel Tower

1911

Jean Metzinger

The Blue Bird

1912-1913

Albert Gleizes Harvest Threshing (1912)

Abstraction

Piet Mondrian

Broadway Boogie Woogie

1942-43

Expressionism

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner

Street, Berlin

1913

Futurism

Umberto Boccioni

Dynamism of a Human Body (1913)

Constructivism

Vladimir Tatlin

Monument to the Third International

1919-20

Dada

Marcel Duchamp

Fountain

1917

Surrealism

Salvador DalíThe Persistence of Memory (1931)

Precisionsim

Charles SheelerWater (1945)