CSP vs PV Developing - STERG Websitesterg.sun.ac.za/.../11/CSP-vs-PV-Developing_Meyer.pdf · 4...
Transcript of CSP vs PV Developing - STERG Websitesterg.sun.ac.za/.../11/CSP-vs-PV-Developing_Meyer.pdf · 4...
CSP vs PV DevelopingFrom a Solar Resource Perspective
Riaan Meyer
MD, GeoSUN Africa
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Contents
• Solar Resource 101
• PV Developers
• CSP Developers
• Comparison
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• Stellenbosch University spin-off, in partnership
with GeoModel Solar
• Solar Resource
– Solar Maps and GIS Layers
– Bankable Solar Resource Studies
– Yield Studies (PV)
• Instrumentation (Solar and Meteorological)
– Onsite measurements
– Supply and integration of equipment to solar
plants under construction
– Instrument Calibration
• Solar Forecasting
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GeoSUN Africa
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Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI)
GHI applies to PV and SWH DNI applies to CSP and CPV
-20% -65%
Upington vs Durban: GHI
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
00
:00
04
:00
08
:00
12
:00
16
:00
20
:00
00
:00
GH
I [k
Wh
/m2/a
]
Upington
Durban
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
139
77
11
515
319
122
926
730
534
338
141
945
749
553
357
160
964
768
572
376
179
983
787
591
395
198
910
27
10
65
11
03
11
41
11
79
12
17
12
55
12
93
13
31
13
69
14
07
14
45
14
83
15
21
15
59
15
97
16
35
16
73
17
11
17
49
17
87
18
25
18
63
19
01
19
39
19
77
Upington
Durban
A clear day in Upington and Durban
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Precipitation vs Irradiance
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900 1100 1300 1500 1700 1900 2100 2300 2500
Namibia
South Africa
KZN
Spain
Germany
Belgium
GHI [kWh/m2/a]
KZN’s solar (GHI) resource is as good, if not better, than that of Spain!
PV Developers
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Solar Maps for
South Africa
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10
Tracking?
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1-axis – vertical axis at 30°
Satellite derived data
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Comparison of Solar Resource Assessments for South Africa, (2009), TP Fluri
and TW von Backstrom, ISES Solar World Congress
GHI GTI DNI
SolarGIS satellite data uncertainty
DNI: ±4%
GHI: ±2.5%
Best
Achievable
uncertainty
currently
Source: GeoModel Solar, ESMAP Malawi project
Data Comparisons
Ground measured temperature are compared to Satellite SolarGIS –
temperatures from NWMs. Data of both time series have an hourly
temporal resolution.
Inter-annual variability
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2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2300
GH
I [k
Wh
/m2/a
]
+4.9%
-4.4%
CSP Developers
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DNI Solar Map: NREL data obtained from the SWERA website
DNI
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Solar Map: NREL data obtained from the SWERA website
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DNI Measurement Stations in South Africa
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SAWS
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www.sauran.net
CSP/CPV
• All CSP and CPV developers deploy on-site
measurements
• Mandated by RE-IPPPP (CSP) and banks (CSP
and CPV)
• Due to higher uncertainties of satellite derived data
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23
DNI Measurements - pyrheliometer
Satellite derived data
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Comparison of Solar Resource Assessments for South Africa, (2009), TP Fluri
and TW von Backstrom, ISES Solar World Congress
GHI GTI DNI
Satellite
Derived vs
Ground
Measured Data
2
3
4
5
6
1-J
un
-11
4-J
un
-11
7-J
un
-11
10-J
un-1
1
13-J
un-1
1
16-J
un-1
1
19-J
un-1
1
22-J
un-1
1
25-J
un-1
1
28-J
un-1
1
GH
I -
da
ily t
ota
l [k
Wh
/m2/d
ay]
GHI - Satellite HC-3 GHI - Ground measured GHI - Satellite SGIS
0.0
2.5
5.0
7.5
10.0
12.5
15.0
1-M
ay-1
1
4-M
ay-1
1
7-M
ay-1
1
10-M
ay-1
1
13-M
ay-1
1
16-M
ay-1
1
19-M
ay-1
1
22-M
ay-1
1
25-M
ay-1
1
28-M
ay-1
1
31-M
ay-1
1
DN
I -
da
ily t
ota
l [k
Wh
/m2/d
ay]
DNI - Ground measured DNI - Satellite
Data Comparisons
Ground measured DNI (pyrheliometer) is compared to Satellite derived
DNI (SolarGIS). Data of both time series have an hourly temporal
resolution.
Inter-annual variability
27
+14.3%
-7.8%
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
DN
I [k
Wh/m
2/a
]
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Other factors…………
You need water!
The land must be flat
The shape of the land is important
Limited technology suppliers
You need more people on site
Road Access
Photovoltaics
• GHI is the most common solar
map with relative good
accuracies – with other maps
also now available (GTI,
PVOut, PVTracking, etc.)
• GHI is the most commonly
measured solar data parameter
• The cost of a PV solar
measurement station is
significantly lower than that of
DNI
• Satellite derived GHI data is
available at a lower cost than
DNI data
• Satellite derived GHI data has
lower uncertainty than DNI
• Few DNI maps are available in
general with relative high
uncertainties
• Few DNI measurements are
available, especially in the
public domain
• The cost of a CSP solar
measurement station is
significantly higher than that of
a PV station
• Satellite derived DNI data is
more expensive than GHI/GTI
data
• Satellite derived DNI data has
higher uncertainties than
GHI/GTI29
Concentrating Solar
Power
World DNI Map (SolarGIS)
www.solargis.info/imaps30
Thank you for your attentionContact Details
Mr Riaan Meyer, 084 876 4816
Unit 1, CS Africa building, 1 Meson Street
Techno Park, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
[email protected] www.geosun.co.za
GeoSUN Colaborators GeoSUN Clients